【英語】湖南省常德市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月模擬考試試題(解析版)

湖南省常德市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月模擬考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyou’reableto,wanderingthestreetsofanewcityonfootisanunrivalledwaytotakeinallthesightsandsounds.Andthere’snodenyingthatwalkingisamuchmoreeco(andwallet)friendlyformoftransport,too.Tohelpyougetoutandexplore,languagelearningplatformPreplyhasrankedEurope’smostwalkablecities.TheyanalyzedthewalkingdistancebetweentopattractionsandnowrevealwhichcitiesinEuropearetheeasiesttoexploreonfoot.Seville,SpainVisitorstothischarmingSpanishcitycanexploretheimpressivePlazadeEspanapublicsquare,beforewanderingovertotheUNESCO-listedpalaceofRealAlcazarandSevilleCathedral.Withjust20minutesofwalkingbetweentheseattractions,youcanreallymakethemostofyourtimehere.Venice,ItalyVeniceisrenownedasaheavenforpedestrians,soit’snosurpriseitranksasthesecondbestlocationforwalkablecitybreaks.Thereareendlessattractivealleywaystoexplore,aswellasplentyofstunninglyornate(華麗的)bridgesoverthecrisscrossingcanalsthatthecityisfamedfor.JustunderhalfanhourofwalkingherewilltakeyouonatouroftheimpressiveGrandCanal,Doge’sPalace,StMark’sSquareandsoon,allinonly1.3miles.Florence,ItalyInonly33minutes,visitorscantakeinthesplendorofFlorence’stop-tierdestinations.A1.6mileroutecoverstheawe-inspiringPiazzaleMichelangelo;therenownedUffiziGallery;andtheGalleriadell’Accademia,hometoMichelangelo’smasterpiece,thestatueofDavid.Athens,GreeceThecapitalofGreeceranksinfourth,withaslightlylonger—butveryworthwhile—routeof2.1milesbetweenitstop-ratedtouristattractions.VisitorstoAthenscanbegintheirjourneyattheAcropolis,ascendingtodiscovertheancientParthenonthatstandsasatestamenttothecity’sancientlegacy.TheNationalArchaeologicalMuseumisalsoclose-by.1.HowhasPreplyrankedthefourcities?A.Bythenumberofthetouristattractions. B.Bytheexpensesoftravelinginthecities.C.Bythepopularityamongtheyoungvisitors. D.Bythewalkingdistancebetweenattractions.2.Whichcityisthebestforthevisitorstoexplorethebridgesoverthecanals?A.Seville. B.Venice. C.Florence. D.Athens.3.WherecanyoufindthestatueofDavid?A.SevilleCathedral. B.StMark’sSquare.C.TheGalleriadell’Accademia. D.TheAcropolis.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個歐洲最容易步行探索的城市?！敬鸢浮?.D2.B3.C【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheyanalyzedthewalkingdistancebetweentopattractionsandnowrevealwhichcitiesinEuropearetheeasiesttoexploreonfoot.(他們分析了頂級景點之間的步行距離，現(xiàn)在公布了歐洲最容易步行探索的城市)”可知，Preply根據(jù)景點之間的步行距離對這四個城市進(jìn)行排名。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thereareendlessattractivealleywaystoexplore,aswellasplentyofstunninglyornate(華麗的)bridgesoverthecrisscrossingcanalsthatthecityisfamedfor.(這里有無數(shù)迷人的小巷可供探索，還有許多令人驚嘆的華麗橋梁，橫跨這座城市聞名的縱橫交錯的運河)”可知，威尼斯最適合游客探索運河上的橋梁。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“theGalleriadell’Accademia,hometoMichelangelo’smasterpiece,thestatueofDavid.(學(xué)院美術(shù)館，米開朗基羅的杰作大衛(wèi)雕像的所在地)”可知，在學(xué)院美術(shù)館找到大衛(wèi)雕像。故選C。BOnedayasIdrovetowardmyhome,Ipassedthelocalbusdepot.Ipulledupasagroupofpeoplecrossedtheroadinfrontofme.AsIwatched,Inoticedathin,shabbilydressedolderladystrugglingwithalargesuitcase.WitnessingthisladyandrememberingsimilarstrugglesIhadexperiencedinthepastwhentraveling,Ipulledupalongsideherandleanedovertocalloutthroughtheopenpassengerwindow,“I’mgoingrightintothetown,”Isaid.“Icandropyouoff.Thatsuitcaselooksawfullyheavy.”“Well,allright,”sheanswered.Whenwegotthere,shethankedme,“Well,Godblessyou,lady.Noonehaseverdonemeakindnesslikethatbefore.Ihopesomeonewilldoagoodturnforyouoneday.”Shortlyaftertheencounterwiththesuitcaselady,Idecidedtospendadayinthemountainsalone.Isetoffwithmydoginmypickup,whichwaselderlybutstillserviceable.Afterdrivingfornearlytwohours,Iheardasuddenloudnoiseandmytruckcametoafullstop.Ifounditsaxlewasbrokenandneededtobetowed.Inaremotearea,withnohopeoffindinganotherperson,IknewIwasinbigtrouble.Overandover,Iblamedmyownstupidityforbeinginadesertedareawithnopossiblechanceofhelp.Ihopedthatnowanderingbearwouldcometoinvestigate.Orahungrymountainlion—withbabies.Myimaginationranriot.Istartedtopanic.Thenfaintly,inthedistance,cametheroarofmotorbikes.Astheydrewnearer,Icouldseethattheywereagroupofmotorcycleriders.“Doyouneedhelp,ma’am?”Iheardaconcernedvoicesay.Therestishistory.Mypickup,mydogandIwerealltransportedbacktosafety.Ishallneverforgetthekindnessofthemotorcycleriderswhostopped.Somepeoplemaythinkitwasahappycoincidence,butpersonallyIliketosay,itwassomeonethatreallydidagoodturnforme,justasthesuitcaseladysaid.4.Howdidtheauthorhelptheoldlady?A.Shegaveheralifttothetown. B.Shehelpedhercrosstheroad.C.Shecarriedthesuitcaseforher. D.Shetookhertoanearbyhotel.5.Whathappenedtoherpickuponthewaytothemountains?A.Itranoutofgas. B.Itcrashedintoatree.C.Itbrokedownhalfway. D.Itwasattackedbyanimals.6.Whatwastheauthor’sreactiontotheincidentinparagraph3?A.Sheblameditontheoldroad. B.Shelosthertemperwiththedog.C.Shestayedcalmandaskedforhelp. D.Shefeltveryuneasyandfrightened.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthestory?A.DoasYouWouldBeDoneby B.AFriendinNeedIsaFriendIndeedC.WhatGoesAround,ComesAround D.GodHelpsThoseWhoHelpThemselves【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者某天讓一個拿著行李的老太太搭了便車，結(jié)果自己的車在半路壞了，也遇到了好心人幫助，作者認(rèn)為這是善有善報。【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.C【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WitnessingthisladyandrememberingsimilarstrugglesIhadexperiencedinthepastwhentraveling,Ipulledupalongsideherandleanedovertocalloutthroughtheopenpassengerwindow,“I’mgoingrightintothetown,”Isaid.“Icandropyouoff.Thatsuitcaselooksawfullyheavy.”“Well,allright,”sheanswered.Whenwegotthere,shethankedme,“Well,Godblessyou,lady.Noonehaseverdonemeakindnesslikethatbefore.Ihopesomeonewilldoagoodturnforyouoneday.”(看到這位女士，想起我過去在旅行中經(jīng)歷過的類似的掙扎，我把車停在她旁邊，俯身從打開的副駕駛車窗向外喊道:“我要直接進(jìn)城了?！薄拔铱梢宰屇阆萝嚒Ｄ侵皇痔嵯淇雌饋砗苤?。“嗯，好吧，”她回答。當(dāng)我們到達(dá)那里時，她感謝我，“哦，上帝保佑你，女士。以前從來沒有人對我這么好。我希望有一天有人能為你做一件好事?！?”可知，作者幫助老太太搭便車去鎮(zhèn)上。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterdrivingfornearlytwohours,Iheardasuddenloudnoiseandmytruckcametoafullstop.Ifounditsaxlewasbrokenandneededtobetowed.(開了將近兩個小時后，我突然聽到一聲巨響，我的卡車停了下來。我發(fā)現(xiàn)它的車軸壞了，需要拖走)”可知，作者的車在去山里的路上中途壞了。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Overandover,Iblamedmyownstupidityforbeinginadesertedareawithnopossiblechanceofhelp.Ihopedthatnowanderingbearwouldcometoinvestigate.Orahungrymountainlion—withbabies.Myimaginationranriot.Istartedtopanic.(一遍又一遍，我責(zé)怪自己的愚蠢，在一個荒蕪的地區(qū)，沒有任何可能的幫助。我希望沒有游蕩的熊會來調(diào)查?；蛘咭恢火囸I的美洲獅——帶著孩子。我的想象力失控了。我開始恐慌起來)”可知，作者對第3段中的事件的反應(yīng)是感到非常不安和害怕。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Somepeoplemaythinkitwasahappycoincidence,butpersonallyIliketosay,itwassomeonethatreallydidagoodturnforme,justasthesuitcaseladysaid.(有些人可能會認(rèn)為這是一個快樂的巧合，但我個人想說，這是一個真正為我做了好事的人，就像那個提箱子的女士說的那樣)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者某天讓一個拿著行李的老太太搭了便車，結(jié)果自己的車在半路壞了，也遇到了好心人幫助，作者認(rèn)為這是善有善報?？芍?，C選項“善有善報”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CInrecentyears,multiplestudieshaveillustratedthewayspeople’sdogscanprovidecomfort,calmtheirfrazzlednerves,begoodlisteners,andprovideotherformsofvaluablesupport,provingthatsometimeswordsaresimplynotnecessary.Whenpeoplewereaskedtoperformmentalarithmetic(算術(shù))orendurea“coldpressor”testinwhichtheirhandissubmergedinicewater,thosewhohadtheirdogspresenthadsmallerincreasesintheirbloodpressureandheartrate.Morerecently,astudyina2023issueofthejournalEmotionhadpeopleengageinastressfultask—involvingaddingnumbersthatflashedonacomputerscreen—theninteractwiththeirpetdog,colorinacoloringbook,orwaitquietlyfor10minutes.Thosewhointeractedwiththeirdogsexperiencedagreaterboostinmoodandagreaterreductioninanxietythanthosewhowaitedortriedtodestressbycoloring.Researchhasalsofoundthattalkingtoyourdogaboutemotionallyfraughtissuescanbeparticularlybeneficial.Peoplearemorewillingtoconfide(吐露)intheirdogsaboutdifficultemotions,suchasdepression,jealousy,anxiety,apathy,andfear,thantheyarewiththeirromanticpartnersorfriends.Theprecisereasonsforthismaybethatpetsaregood,nonjudgmentallistenersbecausetheydon’tinterruptorreply.Yourrelationshipwithyourdogisasafespacebecauseyourdogwon’tjudgeyouordisagreewithyou.Astudyina2022issueoftheInternationalJournalofPublicHealthfoundthatwhenpeopleinteractwiththeirdogswhileteleworking,itreplenishesthehumans’self-regulatoryresources—byengaginginmicro-breakstopettheirpup,thepeopleareabletorelaxandrefreshthemselves—inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembersdoesn’t.“Dogsarefantasticatreadingus—theycansensewhenwe’reupset—andtheyarearguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,”saysKogan,aprofessorintheclinicalsciencesdepartmentatColoradoStateUniversity,“becauseweintuitthatourdogsreadussowell,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpfulforusaswell.It’sapositivefeedbackloop.”8.Whatdidthestudyinparagraph2find?A.Interactingwithdogscancauseanxietyandstress.B.Peoplewithdogcompanionshavelowerstresslevels.C.Dogscanimprovetheirowners’academicperformance.D.Dogs’ownerstendtoreducestressbycoloringorwaiting.9.Whyarepeoplemorewillingtotalktotheirdogs?A.Dogscanhelpthemfixtheproblems. B.Theygetasenseofsecurityfromdogs.C.Theirpartnersorfriendsarenotreliable. D.Theyhaveacloserrelationshipwithdogs.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreplenishesinparagraph4mean?A.Replaces. B.Researches. C.Refills. D.Removes.11.WhatisKogan’sattitudetowardshavingdogcompanions?A.Favorable. B.Unclear. C.Skeptical. D.Intolerant.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了近年來，多項研究表明，人們的狗可以提供安慰，安撫他們疲憊的神經(jīng)，成為好的傾聽者，并提供其他形式的有價值的支持，證明有時語言根本是不必要的?！敬鸢浮?.B9.B10.C11.A【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thosewhointeractedwiththeirdogsexperiencedagreaterboostinmoodandagreaterreductioninanxietythanthosewhowaitedortriedtodestressbycoloring.(與那些等待或試圖通過涂顏色來減壓的人相比，那些與狗狗互動的人情緒得到了更大的改善，焦慮程度得到了更大的緩解)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了有狗陪伴的人壓力水平較低。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theprecisereasonsforthismaybethatpetsaregood,nonjudgmentallistenersbecausetheydon’tinterruptorreply.Yourrelationshipwithyourdogisasafespacebecauseyourdogwon’tjudgeyouordisagreewithyou.(確切的原因可能是，寵物是很好的、不加評判的傾聽者，因為它們不會打斷或回答。你和你的狗的關(guān)系是一個安全的空間，因為你的狗不會評判你或反對你)”可知，人們更愿意和他們的狗說話因為他們從狗身上得到安全感。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“byengaginginmicro-breakstopettheirpup,thepeopleareabletorelaxandrefreshthemselves—inwaysthatinteractingwithunfurryfamilymembersdoesn’t”可知，通過在微休息時間撫摸他們的狗狗，人們能夠放松和恢復(fù)精神——這是與不帶寵物的家庭成員互動所無法做到的，即說明了狗可以讓人重新裝滿自我調(diào)節(jié)資源。故劃線詞意思是“重新裝滿”。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Dogsarefantasticatreadingus—theycansensewhenwe’reupset—andtheyarearguablybetteratreadingusthansomepeopleare,”saysKogan,aprofessorintheclinicalsciencesdepartmentatColoradoStateUniversity,“becauseweintuitthatourdogsreadussowell,weregulateourselvessoasnottoupsetourdogs,whichishelpfulforusaswell.It’sapositivefeedbackloop.”(科根是科羅拉多州立大學(xué)臨床科學(xué)系的教授，他說：“狗狗很擅長讀懂我們，它們能感覺到我們的不安，而且可以說它們比一些人更擅長讀懂我們，因為我們直覺地認(rèn)為我們的狗狗讀得很好，所以我們調(diào)節(jié)自己，不讓狗狗感到不安，這對我們也有幫助。這是一個積極的反饋循環(huán)?！?”可推知，科根對狗狗陪伴的態(tài)度是支持的。故選A。D“So,Mr.Albert,you’vetoldusaboutyourstrengthsbutwhataboutyourweaknesses?”It’sacommoninterviewquestion.Towhichaclassichumblebrag(謙虛自夸)replyis,“Well.ImustadmitthatI’mabitofaperfectionist.”Afterall,whatcompanywouldn’twanttoemploysomebodywhoseeksperfection?Butitturnsoutthatthereisaprofounddifferencebetweenhigh-achieversandperfectionists.Inacruelirony,theperfectionisttraitscouldactuallypreventsomeonefromachievingtheirfullpotential.Therootsofperfectionismactuallylieinadeepdesiretofeelperfect.Mostoftenaperfectionistpersonalityisformedinreactiontosomeformofchildhoodtrauma.Forexample,followingherparents’divorce,ayounggirlmightstrivetoalwaysbegood,toalwaysbeperfectbecauseatsomelevelshebelievesthatitmusthavebeenherfaultthatherparentsseparated.Soaslongassheisperfect,nothingsoterriblewouldhappenagain.Givensuchorigins,itappearsthatthethinkingandemotionalstylesassociatedwithperfectionismareparticularlydangeroustomentalhealth.Thinkoftheharshestandmercilessperfectionistsyouknow.Theyalways,always,alwaysfindfault.Theircognitive(認(rèn)知)stylesincludeall-or-nothingthinking,whereonlyperfectionisseenasanacceptableresult;fearoffailure,whereaperfectionistisdrivenbyfearratherthanpulledbytheprospectofsuccessintheirendeavors;defensivenessinthefaceofconstructivecriticism.Alloftheseseemtobelinkedtoawiderangeofpsychologicalproblemsincludingeatingdisorders,anxietyanddepression,andevensuicide.Changingthismindsetisthekeytotreatingtheconditionwhenitbecomesadisorderbutitisdifficulttoachieve.Perfectionistsareessentiallyinanabusiverelationshipwiththemselves.It’shardenoughtowithdrawfromabusiverelationshipswithothers.Howmuchharderisitwhenyouyourselfaretheabuser?Soperhapsabetteranswertotheinterviewquestionposedatthestartofthisarticlewouldbe,“IusedtobeaperfectionistbutnowI’mwellontheroadtorecovery.”12.Whydoestheauthormentiontheinterviewquestioninparagraph1?A.Toprovideanexample. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Tosupporttheargument. D.Toattractthereaders’interest.13.Whowillmostprobablybecomeaperfectionist?A.Ahigh-achiever. B.Apersonwhoalwaysfindsfault.C.Anoverconfidentman. D.Asonofaviolentalcoholicfather.14.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Perfectionismoftenhasthreedifferenttypes.B.Perfectionismhasabadeffectonphysicalhealth.C.Perfectionismiscausedbyhighpersonalstandard.D.Perfectionismisariskfactorforpsychologicaldisorders.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofperfectionism?A.It’shardforpeopletogetridofit. B.Itdrivespeopletoachievesuccess.C.It’smoreofastrengththanaweakness. D.Itinevitablyleadstomentalproblems.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了完美主義的特質(zhì)實際上可能會阻礙一個人充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，解釋了完美主義發(fā)生的原因以及對心理造成的危險。【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.A【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段““So,Mr.Albert,you’vetoldusaboutyourstrengthsbutwhataboutyourweaknesses?”It’sacommoninterviewquestion.Towhichaclassichumblebrag(謙虛自夸)replyis,“Well.ImustadmitthatI’mabitofaperfectionist.”Afterall,whatcompanywouldn’twanttoemploysomebodywhoseeksperfection?Butitturnsoutthatthereisaprofounddifferencebetweenhigh-achieversandperfectionists.Inacruelirony,theperfectionisttraitscouldactuallypreventsomeonefromachievingtheirfullpotential.(“那么，艾伯特先生，你已經(jīng)告訴了我們你的優(yōu)點，那么你的缺點呢？”這是一個常見的面試問題。一個典型的謙虛自夸的回答是，“嗯。我必須承認(rèn)我是一個完美主義者。”畢竟，哪家公司不想雇用追求完美的人呢？但事實證明，高成就者和完美主義者之間存在著深刻的差異。具有殘酷諷刺意味的是，完美主義的特質(zhì)實際上可能會阻礙一個人充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力)”可知，作者在第一段提到了面試問題是為了引入話題。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Mostoftenaperfectionistpersonalityisformedinreactiontosomeformofchildhoodtrauma.Forexample,followingherparents’divorce,ayounggirlmightstrivetoalwaysbegood,toalwaysbeperfectbecauseatsomelevelshebelievesthatitmusthavebeenherfaultthatherparentsseparated.Soaslongassheisperfect,nothingsoterriblewouldhappenagain.(大多數(shù)情況下，完美主義人格的形成是對某種形式的童年創(chuàng)傷的反應(yīng)。例如，在父母離婚后，一個年輕女孩可能會努力做個好人，做個完美的人，因為在某種程度上，她相信父母離婚一定是她的錯。所以只要她是完美的，那么可怕的事情就不會再發(fā)生了)”可知，暴力酗酒父親的兒子最有可能成為完美主義者。故選D?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Givensuchorigins,itappearsthatthethinkingandemotionalstylesassociatedwithperfectionismareparticularlydangeroustomentalhealth.Thinkoftheharshestandmercilessperfectionistsyouknow.Theyalways,always,alwaysfindfault.Theircognitive(認(rèn)知)stylesincludeall-or-nothingthinking,whereonlyperfectionisseenasanacceptableresult;fearoffailure,whereaperfectionistisdrivenbyfearratherthanpulledbytheprospectofsuccessintheirendeavors;defensivenessinthefaceofconstructivecriticism.Alloftheseseemtobelinkedtoawiderangeofpsychologicalproblemsincludingeatingdisorders,anxietyanddepression,andevensuicide.(考慮到這些原因，似乎與完美主義相關(guān)的思維和情感風(fēng)格對心理健康尤其危險。想想你所知道的最苛刻、最無情的完美主義者。他們總是，總是，總是吹毛求疵。他們的認(rèn)知風(fēng)格包括全有或全無的思維，只有完美才被視為可接受的結(jié)果；對失敗的恐懼，完美主義者是被恐懼所驅(qū)使，而不是被成功的前景所牽引;面對建設(shè)性批評時的防御。所有這些似乎都與一系列心理問題有關(guān)，包括飲食失調(diào)、焦慮和抑郁，甚至自殺)”可知，第三段主要講了完美主義是心理障礙的危險因素。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Changingthismindsetisthekeytotreatingtheconditionwhenitbecomesadisorderbutitisdifficulttoachieve.(改變這種心態(tài)是治療這種疾病的關(guān)鍵，但這很難實現(xiàn))”可知，作者認(rèn)為人們很難擺脫完美主義。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Onethingthat’sneverinshortsupplyatthebeginningofeachnewyear?___16___ButmanyofusfailtostickwithourNewYear’sresolutionsmonths(orevenweeks)aftermakingthem.Itturnsouttherearecommonlyavoidedmistakes.Thatexplainswhysomepeoplealwaysseemtoreachtheirgoalswhileotherskeepfallingshort.___17___Ifyoufailtopicktherighthabit,youaren’tlikelytoaccomplishthecorrespondinggoal.Sayyouwanttolosesomeweightthisyear,formingahabitofrunning30minutesadaymaynothelpyoudothatifyoudon’talsoformhabitsrelatedtothefoodsyoueat,becausedietaffectsweightmorethanexercise.___18___Failuretoestablishhabitsthatsupportyourgoalsmaycauseyourresolutionstoflopbeforeyoubegin.Anothercommonmistakepeoplemakewhensettinggoalsisbecomingoverlyconcernedabouttheamountoftimeitwilltaketoformanewhabit.There’snoonerightanswerwhenitcomestohowlongnewhabitsshouldtaketoform.___19___Somepeoplesimplyadoptnewhabitsfasterthanotherpeopleandthatcomplexhabitsusuallytakelongertoform.Considerhoweasyitistobrushyourteethatnightcomparedtoreadingafullchapterofabookeachday.Sotheyearlyritualofresolutionsettingdoesn’thavetobeanannualdisappointment.Sometimes,thedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureissimplychoosingtherighthabitsandtheprocessyouusetogoaboutachievingit.Mostimportantly,remembertobekindandflexiblewithyourselfandtocelebrateanyandallprogressalongtheway.___20___A.Goodintentions.B.Congratulationsandbestwishes.C.Inotherwords,youmustalsoreadjustyourdiet.D.It’sessentialtochooseahabityouthinkenjoyable.E.Acommonerrormanypeoplemakeisnotchoosingrighthabits.F.Itdependsonwhathabityou’retryingtodevelopandwhoyouare.G.It’snotjusttheendgoalthatmatters—it’sthejourneyalongtheway.【語篇解讀】本文是篇議論文。文章主要分析了無法實現(xiàn)制定的目標(biāo)的原因，指出了選擇正確的習(xí)慣，并堅持下去的重要性?！敬鸢浮?6.A17.E18.C19.F20.G【16題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Onethingthat’sneverinshortsupplyatthebeginningofeachnewyear?”（有一樣?xùn)|西在新年伊始永遠(yuǎn)不會缺少？）可知，空處應(yīng)該是對該句所提問題的回答；結(jié)合下一句“ButmanyofusfailtostickwithourNewYear’sresolutionsmonths(orevenweeks)aftermakingthem.”（但我們中的許多人在制定新年計劃幾個月(甚至幾周)后都沒能堅持下去。）可知，在新年伊始就不會缺少的東西應(yīng)該是制定的計劃、目標(biāo)，選項A.Goodintentions（良好的目標(biāo)）符合這層含義，承上啟下。故選A?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)第一段“Itturnsouttherearecommonlyavoidedmistakes.”（事實證明，有一些通?？梢员苊獾腻e誤。）和第三段第一句“Anothercommonmistakepeoplemakewhensettinggoalsisbecomingoverlyconcernedabouttheamountoftimeitwilltaketoformanewhabit.”（人們在設(shè)定目標(biāo)時常犯的另一個錯誤是過度關(guān)注養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣所需的時間。）可知，空處應(yīng)該描述了人們在設(shè)定目標(biāo)時常犯的一個錯誤；選項E.Acommonerrormanypeoplemakeisnotchoosingrighthabits.（許多人常犯的一個錯誤是沒有選擇正確的習(xí)慣。）指出了人們常犯的一個錯誤是沒有選擇正確的習(xí)慣，而下一句“Ifyoufailtopicktherighthabit,youaren’tlikelytoaccomplishthecorrespondinggoal.”（如果你沒有選擇正確的習(xí)慣，你就不可能完成相應(yīng)的目標(biāo)。）進(jìn)一步說明了沒有選擇正確的習(xí)慣會造成的結(jié)果，銜接合理，符合語境。故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Sayyouwanttolosesomeweightthisyear,formingahabitofrunning30minutesadaymaynothelpyoudothatifyoudon’talsoformhabitsrelatedtothefoodsyoueat,becausedietaffectsweightmorethanexercise.”（你今年想減肥，如果你不養(yǎng)成與你吃的食物相關(guān)的習(xí)慣，養(yǎng)成每天跑步30分鐘的習(xí)慣可能也對你沒有幫助，因為飲食比運動更能影響體重。）可知，如果想要減肥，就要重新調(diào)整現(xiàn)在的飲食，養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣；選項C.Inotherwords,youmustalsoreadjustyourdiet.（換句話說，你也必須重新調(diào)整你的飲食。）與其語意相符，更明確地解釋了上文。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“There’snoonerightanswerwhenitcomestohowlongnewhabitsshouldtaketoform.”（當(dāng)談到新習(xí)慣需要多長時間形成時，沒有一個正確的答案。）和下一句“Somepeoplesimplyadoptnewhabitsfasterthanotherpeopleandthatcomplexhabitsusuallytakelongertoform.”（有些人只是比其他人更快地養(yǎng)成新習(xí)慣，而復(fù)雜的習(xí)慣通常需要更長的時間才能形成。）可知，不同的人和不同的習(xí)慣所需要的時間都是不同的，選項F.Itdependsonwhathabityou’retryingtodevelopandwhoyouare.（這取決于你想培養(yǎng)什么樣的習(xí)慣，以及你是什么樣的人。）中的“It”指代上一句所提到的“howlongnewhabitsshouldtaketoform”，指出了習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成的時間取決于不同的人和不同的習(xí)慣，與下一句意思相符，下一句是對選項F的具體說明。故選F。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上一句“Mostimportantly,remembertobekindandflexiblewithyourselfandtocelebrateanyandallprogressalongtheway.”（最重要的是，記住要善待自己，靈活對待自己，并在實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的過程中慶祝每一個進(jìn)步。），選項G.It’snotjusttheendgoalthatmatters—it’sthejourneyalongtheway.（重要的不僅僅是最終目標(biāo)，而是整個過程。）強調(diào)了在實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)時要關(guān)注整個過程，是對上一句的補充說明和總結(jié)，符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Amerefourmonthsago,ablackcatnamedBountyhadnoideajusthowadventuroushislifewasabouttobecome.Althoughthecatwas___21___destinedforacatshelter,Doinaadoptedhimjustintime.Tosome,Doinabeinganavid(酷愛的)travelerseemedlikeapotentialissue,butit___22___,thesetwoweremadeforeachother.___23___fortheirjourneytobegin,Doinagatheredalloftheequipment,treats,andother___24___thatthetwoofthemwouldneed.Though,whenitcametocarriersforBounty,Doinahadtogetabit___25___.“Imadeaspecialpouch(小袋)forhim,becausecatcarriersarenotadaptedtocertain___26___,”shesaid.Oneoftheirfirstadventuresincludeda___27___tourofItaly,thefirsttestthathelpedthemdiscoverhow___28___hewastoanadventurouslifestyle.“Atthestart,Bountywasalittleanxiousandnervous,butafterthefirstfewdays,hestartedto___29___himself,”Doinasaid.“WhileIpedalled,he____30____inthepouch.”Sincethatfirstcyclingtour,BountyandDoinahave____31____severalmoreadventuresintheirshorttimetogether,includingmountaineeringandcamping.Infact,thisadorable____32____hasalreadymanagedtobecomearecordbreaker!HeisconsideredtobethefirsthousecattosummitLaGrignetta,a7,100-footmountainintheItalianAlps.Bestofall,hedidso“withoutevenameowof____33____”.ThetwoofthemhavecycledtheentirelengthoftheItalianpeninsula!Ifyou’dliketo____34____thisadorableduo,youcanvisittheirwebsitewhereDoina____35____theirtravelswithlotsofupdates,photos,andvideosfortheir800followerstoenjoy.21.A.originally B.temporarily C.eventually D.actually22.A.gaveout B.brokeout C.turnedout D.foundout23.A.Shocked B.Frightened C.Embarrassed D.Excited24.A.necessities B.products C.presents D.fruits25.A.generous B.creative C.efficient D.ambitious26.A.hotels B.journeys C.problems D.vehicles27.A.skiing B.hiking C.flying D.cycling28.A.accustomed B.opposed C.blind D.sensitive29.A.cure B.enjoy C.protect D.feed30.A.cried B.ran C.sang D.slept31.A.offered B.expected C.finished D.discovered32.A.bicycle B.cat C.tour D.carrier33.A.protest B.agreement C.challenge D.trust34.A.havefunwith B.putupwith C.keepupwith D.getalongwith35.A.helps B.plans C.orders D.documents【語篇解讀】本文的體裁是記敘文。主要講述了一只名叫Bounty的黑貓與它的主人多伊娜之間的冒險故事。【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管這只貓原本注定要去貓咪收容所，但多伊娜及時收養(yǎng)了它。A.originally起初；B.temporarily臨時地；C.eventually終于；D.actually事實上。根據(jù)下文“acatshelter(貓咪收容所)”可推理出，貓咪收容所是這只貓起初要去的地方，故選A項。【22題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：對一些人來說，多伊娜作為一個狂熱的旅行者似乎是一個潛在的問題，但結(jié)果證明，他們倆是天生一對。A.gaveout分發(fā)；B.brokeout爆發(fā)；C.turnedout結(jié)果是；D.foundout發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“thesetwoweremadeforeachother(他們倆是天生一對)”可知，下文說的是上文的結(jié)果，空白處應(yīng)填表示“結(jié)果是”含義的動詞短語，故選C項。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于即將開始的旅程，多伊娜興奮不已，她準(zhǔn)備了所有必要的裝備、零食和其他必需品，以備他們倆需要。A.Shocked驚愕的；B.Frightened害怕的；C.Embarrassed局促不安的；D.Excited興奮的。根據(jù)下文“Doinagatheredalloftheequipment,treats(多伊娜準(zhǔn)備了所有必要的裝備、零食)”可推理出，多伊娜對于即將開始的旅程很高興，分析選項，D項“Excited興奮的”表達(dá)的含義符合語境，故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.necessities必需品；B.products產(chǎn)物；C.presents禮物；D.fruits水果。根據(jù)上文“alloftheequipment,treats(所有必要的裝備、零食)”以及下文“thetwoofthemwouldneed(他們倆需要的)”可推理出，此處說的是生活必需品，故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管在為Bounty選擇運輸工具時，多伊娜不得不變得有點創(chuàng)意。A.generous慷慨的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.efficient效率高的；D.ambitious有野心的。根據(jù)下文“Imadeaspecialpouch(小袋)forhim(我為他做了一個特殊的小布袋)”可知，多伊娜制作了特殊的小布袋，用于運輸這只貓，可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“創(chuàng)新的”含義的形容詞，故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我為他特制了一個小袋，因為貓用的運輸籠并不適合某些旅行。A.hotels賓館；B.journeys旅行；C.problems問題；D.vehicles交通工具。根據(jù)上文“fortheirjourneytobegin(使他們的旅行開始)”可知，此處說的是為他們開始旅行而特制運輸工具，故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的第一次冒險包括了一次意大利的自行車之旅，這是第一次考驗，幫助他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是多么習(xí)慣于冒險的生活方式。A.skiing滑雪；B.hiking徒步旅行；C.flying飛；D.cycling騎自行車。根據(jù)下文“Sincethatfirstcyclingtour(自從那第一次自行車旅行以來。)”可知，此處說的是騎自行車旅行，故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.accustomed習(xí)慣的；B.opposed相反的；C.blind失明的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據(jù)上文“thefirsttestthathelpedthemdiscoverhow(第一次冒險幫助他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他是多么……)”以及下文“toanadventurouslifestyle(對于冒險的生活方式)”可推理出，此處說的是“他”對于冒險生活方式已經(jīng)習(xí)慣或適應(yīng)了的狀態(tài)，故選A項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，Bounty有些焦慮和緊張，但過了頭幾天之后，他開始享受起來了。A.cure治愈；B.enjoy享受；C.protect保護(hù)；D.feed喂。根據(jù)上文“Atthestart,Bountywasalittleanxiousandnervous(一開始，Bounty有些焦慮和緊張)”以及轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知，空白處應(yīng)填與上文表達(dá)“alittleanxiousandnervous(有些焦慮和緊張)”含義相反的表達(dá)，分析選項，B項“enjoy享受”表達(dá)的含義符合語境，故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我騎著車的時候，他就睡在我的包里。A.cried哭；B.ran跑；C.sang唱歌；D.slept睡。根據(jù)上文“Atthestart,Bountywasalittleanxiousandnervous,butafterthefirstfewdays,hestartedto…h(huán)imself(一開始，Bounty有些焦慮和緊張，但過了頭幾天之后，他開始……起來了)”以及下文“inthepouch(在布袋里)”可推理出，多伊娜和貓之間有了較好的配合，分析選項，D項“slept睡”表達(dá)的含義符合語境，故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：自從那次第一次的自行車旅行之后，Bounty和多伊娜在他們短暫相處的時光里完成了更多的冒險，包括登山和露營。A.offered提供；B.expected期望；C.finished完成；D.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“severalmoreadventuresintheirshorttimetogether,includingmountaineeringandcamping(在他們短暫相處的時光里……更多的冒險，包括登山和露營)”可推理出，空白處應(yīng)填表示“完成”含義的動詞，故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，這只可愛的貓已經(jīng)成為了一名破紀(jì)錄者！A.bicycle自行車；B.cat貓；C.tour旅行；D.carrier運輸工具。根據(jù)下文“Heiscon