Unit5知識(shí)點(diǎn)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

Unit5Topic1知識(shí)點(diǎn)單詞1.almostadv.幾乎，差不多；同義詞是nearly；常用語(yǔ)be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。Almost不能與not連用，但可與no,none,nobody,nothing,never等否定詞連用。e.g.Healmostateallthehamburgersintherestaurant.Almostnobodybelievedher.幾乎沒有人相信她。2.(1)carefor照顧，照看，照料=lookafter=takecareof(2)care在乎，在意，可作不及物動(dòng)詞，也可作及物動(dòng)詞后面加從句

Helookedangry.Idon’tcare.Shedidn’tcarewhatherfatherthought.careabout在乎，在意，后面加名詞(短語(yǔ))或代詞,e.g.Icareabouthimandhatetoseehimhurtlikethis.care也可以作名詞，“關(guān)心，護(hù)理，照顧等”e.g.takecare小心，保重；takecareof...照顧...cheerup(sb.)(使某人)振作起來(lái)e.g.Cheerup!Theworstisover.Thenewsmaycheeryouup.cheeronsb.為某人加油e.g.Theygatheredaroundtheswimmingpoolandcheeredherup.disappointv.使...失望沮喪Ihatetodisappointher.disappointedadj.失望的，沮喪的I’mdisappointedinyou.disappointingadj.令人失望的TheLakers’losswasverydisappointing.5.excitev.使激動(dòng)，使興奮e.g.Hisplayingisfantastic,butitdoesn’texciteme.excitedadj.(感到)激動(dòng)的，興奮的excitingadj.令人興奮的，令人激動(dòng)的e.g.Sheisexcitedtoheartheexcitingnews.7.filmn.電影，影片e.g.Wesawagoodfilmlastnightatthecinema.8.frightenv.使...害怕e.g.Hedroveveryfast,whichfrightenedLauratodeath.frightenedadj.感到害怕的e.g.Don’tbefrightened.Wearenotgoingtohurtyou.frighteningadj.令人害怕的e.g.Itwasthemostfrighteningexperienceofmylife.9.gesture可數(shù)名詞，姿勢(shì)，手勢(shì)(1)invitesbto+地點(diǎn)邀請(qǐng)某人去...e.gI’mgoingtoinvitemyfriendstomyhousethisSunday.(2)invitesbtodosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事e.g.Theyoungmaninvitedmetodance.(3)invitationn.邀請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)柬11.intheend=atlast最后，終于attheendof...在...的末端e.g.Thewinningteamistheteamwiththemostgoalsattheend

ofthegame.endn.結(jié)尾，末端；v.結(jié)束e.g.Wesatatoppositeendsofthetable.endwith...以...結(jié)尾，反義詞begin/startwith...e.g.Thefestivalwillendwithalaser(激光)show.endingn.故事結(jié)尾astorywithahappyerestn.興趣；v.使...感興趣interestedadj.感興趣的e.g.beinterestedin...對(duì)...感興趣interestingadj.令人感興趣的，有趣的e.g.Mysistershowsagreatinterestintheinterestingmovie,butI’mnotinterestedinit.13.livelyadj.充滿趣味的，充滿生氣的lovelyadj.可愛的，美麗的，迷人的14.lonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的，偏僻的e.g.Tomfeltverylonelywhenhefirstarrivedhere.aloneadj.adv.單獨(dú)的(地)e.g.Youshouldn’tleaveachildaloneinthehouse.15.mainadj.主要的，重要的，在句中只可作定語(yǔ)e.g.Thisisabusymainstreet.mainlyadv.主要地，大部分地e.g.Idon’tgooutmuch,mainlybecauseIhavetolookafterthekids.17.paintingn.畫e.g.Therewasalargepaintingofhisfatheronthewall.18.rolen.角色playanimportantrolein...在...中起重要作用19.(1)seem+adj.看起來(lái)...e.g.Shedidn’tseempleased.(2)seem+like...看起來(lái)像...e.g.Sheseemslikeanicegirl.(3)Itseemslike/asif/asthough+從句看起來(lái)好像...e.g.Itseemslikeyou’recatchingacold.(4)seemtodosth.e.g.Therainbowseemedtoendonthehillside(山坡).(5)seem+(tobe)+名詞/形容詞e.g.Thatseemsnotabadidea.(6)Itseemsthat+從句e.g.Itseemedthatthepeopleherewerenotasfriendlyasyou.20.感官系動(dòng)詞(后面加形容詞作表語(yǔ)):smell聞起來(lái)，taste嘗起來(lái)，look看起來(lái)，sound聽起來(lái)，feel摸起來(lái)(主語(yǔ)是事物)，感覺(主語(yǔ)是人)其它系動(dòng)詞：bee,get,go,turn,grow都有“變得”之意；stay,keep,remain都有“保持”之意；Be動(dòng)詞也是系動(dòng)詞。普通的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞后常常用副詞修飾，但是系動(dòng)詞后接的是形容詞。例如，Thebookssellwell.Thebooksaregood.21.upsetadj.心煩的，苦惱的22.worryv.擔(dān)憂，使...擔(dān)憂e.g.Sheworriedthatshewasn’tdoingenoughtohelp.(過(guò)去式worried)Don’tworry(about)me.worriedadj.擔(dān)心的，擔(dān)憂的e.g.I’mreallyworriedaboutmybrother.課本知識(shí)點(diǎn)23.Whatapity!真可惜！24.Howareyoudoing?=Howareyou?25.prepareAforB為了B準(zhǔn)備Ae.g.Sheprepareddeliciousfoodforherfamily.26.Guesswhat!你猜怎么著!27.對(duì)形容詞提問(wèn)，用特殊疑問(wèn)詞how。E.g.HowdoesJanelook?Shelooksworried.28.beabletodosth.有能力做某事e.g.Tomisabletosinganddance.29.oneof......之一，后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，形容詞要用最高級(jí)形式JaneEyreisoneofthemostfamousnovels.30.表示喜歡的程度：(1)非常喜歡：Ilikeitverymuch/alot.(2)有點(diǎn)喜歡：Ilikeitalittle.(3)一點(diǎn)也不喜歡。Idon’tlikeitatall.31.say...tosb向某人說(shuō)...e.g.Pleasesaythankstoyourmomforme.Youshouldsaysorrytohim.Youshouldsayhellotothem.Youshouldsaynotosmoking.Wesaidgoodbyetothem.32.stayathome待在家里e.gLastweekend,wehadtostayathomebecauseoftherain.33.aticketto......的票e.g.atickettotheconcert34.現(xiàn)在分詞的用法(1)作定語(yǔ)thesmilingfaces笑臉(前置定語(yǔ))TheboyingfromJapanisoverthere.(后置定語(yǔ))(2)作狀語(yǔ)Hesatbythewindow,listeningtomusic.35.teachsbtodosth教某人做某事MaryoftenteachesustosingEnglishsongsafterclass.teachsbsth.教某人某事MissWhiteteachesusart.makefaces做鬼臉；makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤;makeadecision做決定;maketea沏茶makepeacewith...與某人和解makefunof...取笑某人makeuseof...利用...makesbsth.=makesthforsb為某人制作某物e.g.Hemadeheratoyhorse.makesbdosth.使某人做某事e.g.Ilikehimbecausehemakesmelaugh.make+賓語(yǔ)+adj.E.g.Theuseofputersmadeitpossibleforustostudyathome.make+賓語(yǔ)+名詞e.g.Themoviemadehimastar.BeijingOperahasahistoryofover200years.京劇有超過(guò)兩百年的歷史。溫故而知新growup長(zhǎng)大感嘆句：How+adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+其它！What+(a/an)+adj.+名詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞+其它！cut砍，切，剪等，過(guò)去式：cut現(xiàn)在分詞：cuttinge.g.Whenhewascuttingsomeflowerswithhisscissors,aflowerhurthisfinger.

e.g.Ifshefelthewasright,shewouldagreewithhim.41.somethingeintobeing形成e.g.Thelawcameintobeingin1912.

e.g.Thesingerispopularwithmanystudents.43.enjoyoneself玩的高興44.tryone’e.g.Hetriedhisbesttosavetheman.sendamessage發(fā)信息she(她，作主語(yǔ)),her(她，作賓語(yǔ)),her(她的，形容詞性物主代詞),hers(她的，名詞性物主代詞)boredadj.感到無(wú)聊的e.g.Areyouboredwithyourjob?(beboredwith...對(duì)...感到無(wú)聊，厭煩)boringadj.令人無(wú)聊的e.g.Thejobwasboring.What’sthematterwith...?=What’swrongwith...?...怎么了？e.g.What’sthematterwithyourputer?你的電腦怎么了？Whynot+動(dòng)詞原形？=Whydon’tyou+動(dòng)詞原形？用來(lái)提建議e.g.Whynotgoclimbingtomorrow?hopetodosth.希望做某事Peterhopestoswimintheseathissummerholiday.hope+that從句Ihopethatourteamwillwin.atfirst起初，e.g.Atfirsthedidn’tagree,butlaterhedid.Thanksto...多虧了...，(介詞短語(yǔ))Thanksfor...因?yàn)?..表達(dá)感謝(動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))53.feelsorryfor...因..難過(guò)；為...感到可惜Unit5Topic2知識(shí)點(diǎn)單詞1.E.g.Ireceivedhisgiftyesterday,butIdidn’twanttoacceptit.2.anyone不定代詞，任何人e.g.IfanyoneseesLisa,askhertocallme.someone不定代詞，某人e.g.Whatshouldyoudoifsomeonetriedtohurtyouinthestreet?noone不定代詞，沒有人e.g.Noonewasathome.everyone不定代詞，每人e.g.Everyonehadagoodtime.3.asusual像平常一樣e.g.Asusual,theylefttheirchildrenathomewithSusan.4.bytheway順便問(wèn)一下，順便說(shuō)一下e.g.Bytheway,whereistheparkinglot?5.dealwith...處理，解決e.g.Howishedealingwiththething?dealn.協(xié)議，交易6.examn.考試failanexam考試不及格passanexam考試及格takeanexam參加考試7.eitheradv.用于否定句句末，“也”e.g.Hecan’tswim.Ican’teither.e.g.Couldeitherofyoulendmefivepounds?eitherAorB連詞，要么A要么B,或者A或者Be.g.EithersheleavesorIwill!要么她走，要么我走。就近原則：either...or...連接的是兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由距離它近的主語(yǔ)決定，例如，Eitherthestudentsortheteachertakespartinthemeeting.(這句話的謂語(yǔ)由theteacher決定，用三單形式)6.elderadj.年長(zhǎng)的,elderbrother哥哥，eldersister姐姐，youngersister妹妹7.eventhough即使，連詞短語(yǔ)，后接從e.g.Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.8.strictadj.嚴(yán)格的TheGreensarestrictwiththeirchildren.(bestrictwithsb.對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求)Mostschoolsarestrictaboutthewaystudentsdress.(bestrictaboutsth.對(duì)某事嚴(yán)格要求)9.shyadj.害羞的e.g.Hewasaquietshyman.10.Takeiteasy別緊張，別著急。11.failv.不及格，失敗，未做e.gTheletterfailedtoarrive.12.feeling可數(shù)名詞，感覺，感觸e.g.Shesuddenlygotthefeelingthatsomebodywaswatchingher.13.joke可數(shù)名詞，笑話v.說(shuō)笑話，開玩笑e.g.Healwaystellsjokesandmakesuslaugh.Johnalwaysplaysjokesonhisbrothers.(playajokeonsb.捉弄某人=playatrickonsb.)14.helpfuladj.有用的；有益的；有幫助的；樂于助人e.g.Thankyouforyouradvice.It’sveryernationaladj.國(guó)際的nationaladj.國(guó)家的，民族的E.g.NationalDay國(guó)慶節(jié)nationalflag國(guó)旗16.uselessadj.無(wú)用的；無(wú)效的e.g.Thewebsiteisfullofuselessinformation.17.refusev.拒絕；回絕e.g.Iaskedhimtoleave,butherefused.Herefusedtoansweranymorequestions.()e.g.Shefeltagreatsenseofsadness.Petershookhisheadsadly.20.thoughconj.雖然，引導(dǎo)從句Thoughsheis60yearsold,shestillworkeveryday.(注意though和but不能同時(shí)使用)21.not...anylonger=nolonger不再e.g.Hedoesn’tlivehereanylonger.課本知識(shí)點(diǎn)Thereissomethingwrongwith......出問(wèn)題了。e.g.Thereissomethingwrongwithmycar.Isthereanythingwrongwith...?e.g.Isthereanythingwrong?Thereisnothingwrongwith......沒有問(wèn)題e.g.Thereisnothingwrongwiththecar.這輛車沒有壞。形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)，要放在不定代詞后，如，一些重要的事情somethingimportanthaveatalkwith...和...談一談Shehasnofriendstotalkwith.動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞和所修飾名詞是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即可以改成talkwithfriends。It’sastoryaboutayoungwomanlivinginAustria.現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞和所修飾名詞是主謂關(guān)系，即ayoungwomanlivedinAustria.haveproblemswithsth.做某事有困難=havedifficulty(in)doingsth.IfindithardtolearnEnglishwell.(在此句中it是形式賓語(yǔ)，tolearnEnglishwell是真正的賓語(yǔ))

find+賓語(yǔ)+adj.發(fā)現(xiàn)賓語(yǔ)怎么樣Howtimeflies! 時(shí)光飛逝What’smore而且What’sworse更糟糕的是同級(jí)比較：A+系動(dòng)詞+as+adj.原形+as+B.A像B一樣...e.g.Marylooksasyoungasherdaughter.A+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+adv.原形+as+B.A像B一樣...e.g.Iliveashappilyasbefore.在否定句中，as...as...結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)as可以換成so,Maryisn’tastallasLeo.=Maryisn’tsotallasLeo.在表示比較的句子中，為了避免重復(fù)提到某物，常用that和those代詞the+名詞，指的是同名異物.e.g.TheweatherinXingtaiisn’tasgoodasthatinBeijing.(that=theweather)that是單數(shù)Theroadsherewerenotsocleanasthoseinourhometown.(those=theroads)those是復(fù)數(shù)Theboyinabrownjacketismoreoutgoingthanthatinblack.(that=theboy)32.insteadadv.代替，而不是，相反e.g.IfJohncan’ttakepartinthemeet,Iwillgoinstead.33.insteadof...prep.代替，而不是e.g.CanIhavesoupinsteadofsalad?34.beangrywith...生某人的氣35.byoneself獨(dú)自地=alone；獨(dú)自地e.g.DavespentChristmasallbyhimself.Dave獨(dú)自度過(guò)了圣誕節(jié)。Youcan’tmovethepianoallbyyourself.你自己移動(dòng)不了那架鋼琴。溫故而知新turntosb(forhelp)=asksbforhelp向某人求助e.g.Idon’tknowwhototurnto.我不知道向誰(shuí)求助。38.knowlittleabout...對(duì)...了解不多knowmuchabout...對(duì)...非常了解e.g.Sheiscareful.Shealwaysdoesherhomeworkcarefully.40.befriendlyto...=bekindto...=begoodto...對(duì)...友好41.giveup放棄giveaway贈(zèng)送，捐贈(zèng)giveout分發(fā)，發(fā)出(光、熱、氣味、信號(hào)等)givein屈服Unit5Topic3知識(shí)點(diǎn)單詞1.anywayadv.盡管，即使這樣e.g.Maybethisideawon’twork,butlet’stryitanyway.2.testn.v.測(cè)試，考查，試驗(yàn)3.nervousadj.焦慮的，惶恐的，神經(jīng)質(zhì)的E.g.Shewassonervousaboutherexamsthatshecouldn’tsleep.4.speechn.演講giveaspeech做演講5.sickadj.生病的，有病的可以作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)Hisgrandmotherisverysick.Asickanimalilladj.生病的，有病的，只能作表語(yǔ)，Hisgrandmotherisill.Ill意思是“壞的，差的，有害的”時(shí)，可以作定語(yǔ),Hewasunabletojointhearmybecauseofillhealth.6.affectv.影響e.g.Smokingaffectsyourhealth.7.confidentadj.自信的，有信心的beconfidentabout...對(duì)...有信心e.g.I’mquiteconfidentaboutmyEnglish.beconfidentof+success,winning,victory有信心成功、贏、勝利8.moodn.心情；情緒inabadmood心情不好；inagoodmood心情好9.proudadj.自豪的，驕傲的beproudof...為...感到驕傲；為...自豪e.g.Youshouldbeproudofyourself.readytodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事：Whydoesittakeyousolongtogetreadytogoout?readyforsth.為...準(zhǔn)備：Idon’tfeelthatI’mreadyformydrivingtest.bossn.老板，領(lǐng)班grandsonn.孫子，外孫environmentn.環(huán)境e.g.Weneedtotakestepstoprotecttheenvironment.especiallyadv.特別，尤其，專門e.g.Ineverlikedlongwalks,especiallyinwinter.fillv.充滿，裝滿e.g.Hereyesfilledwithtears.(fillwith...(使)充滿，填滿，裝滿Hepoured(倒)heradrink,thenfilledhisownglass.troublen.問(wèn)題，困難，憂慮beintrouble有麻煩，處于困境havetroublewithsth.做某事有困難：e.g.Areyouhavingtroublewithyourcar?have(no)troubledoingsth.e.g.Wehadnotroublefindingherhouse.e.g.ThemusicwassoloudthatIhadtoshout.19.noisen.噪音，吵鬧聲e.g.Therewasalotofnoiseoutside.20.spiritn.情緒，心境，精神e.g.I’m85,butIstillfeelyounginspirit.spiritsn.心情e.g.Cooperwasstillinhighspiritsafterwinningtherace.21.silentadj.不說(shuō)話的，沉默的e.g.The“h”in“honest”issilent.Alanwassilent.thinkover仔細(xì)考慮，thinkof想起，認(rèn)為，thinkabout考慮decisionn.決定makeadecision做決定decidev.決定decidetodosth.e.g.TinadecidedtogotoRomeforherholidays.Doyouwonderwhetheryoumadetherightdecision?senseofachievement成就感senseofhumour