材料科學與工程基礎大綱(英文)

FundamentalsofMaterialsScienceAndEngineering

(材料科學與工程基礎)

湖北工業(yè)大學機械工程學院材料加工系

陳洪

2017年2月PROGRAMOFTHECOURSE1）Chapters1Crystallography

2)Chapters2Diffusion3)Chapters3PrinciplesofSolidification4)Chapters4PhaseDiagrams5)Chapters5PlasticDeformationofCrystalsandStrengtheningMechanisms6)Chapter6

Recovery,Recrystallization,andGrainGrowth

7)Chapter7

SurfacesandInterfacesinCrystallineSolid

8)Chapter8PhaseTransformationinSolidsandHeatTreatment

Chapter1Crystallography

0-0Introduction0-1、HistoricalPerspective0-2、MaterialsScienceandEngineering0-3、ClassificationofMaterials0-4、CrystallographyandCrystalStructures1-1FundamentalConcepts1、Crystalline,CrystalStructurea、Crystallineb、CrystalStructure2、Lattice,UnitCellsa、Latticeb、UnitCells1-2MetallicCrystalStructure1、TheFace-CenteredCubicCrystalStructure2、TheBody-CenteredCubicCrystalStructure3、TheHexagonalClose-PackedCrystalStructure4、CrystalSystem1-3CrystallographicDirections

1、DeterminetheCrystallographicDirections

2、ExampleProblem

1-4CrystallographicPlanes

1、DeterminetheMillerIndices

2、ExampleProblem

1-5AtomicArrangements

1、AtomicDensities(Linear、Planar、Body)

2、Atomicradius

1-6Allotropy

1-7ThePhaseStructuresoftheAlloys

1、SubstitutionalSolidSolution

2、InterstitialSolidSolution1-8ImperfectionsinSolids

1、PointDefects

a、Vacancy

b、FrenkelDefect--InterstitialAtoms

c、SchottkyDefect—SubstitutionalAtoms

2、LinearDefects—Dislocation

a、DislocationanditsBurgersVector

b、EdgeDislocation

c、ScrewDislocation

d、MixedDislocation

3、InterfacialDefects

a、ExternalSurfaces

b、GrainBoundaries

c、TwinBoundaries

d、MiscellaneousInterfacialDefects

Chapter2Diffusion

2-1DiffusionMechanisms

1、VacancyMechanisms

2、InterstitialMechanisms

2-2MacroscopicTheoryofDiffusion

1、Steady-StateDiffusion

a、Fick`sFirstLaw

b、ExampleProblem

2、Nonsteady-StateDiffusion

a、Fick`sSecondLaw

b、ExampleProblem

2-3MicroscopicTheoryofDiffusion

1、TheRelationshipBetweenThermalmotionoftheAtomsAndTheDiffusionCoefficient

2、TheRelationshipBetweenTheRandomWalkoftheAtomsAndTheDiffusionDistent

3、TheSignificationofTheDiffusionCoefficient

2-4TheHigh-DiffusivityPath

1、AlongTheGrainBoundaries

2、AlongTheDislocation

3、AlongTheCrystalSurface

2-5FactorsThatInfluenceDiffusion

1、DiffusionSpecies

2、Temperature

3、TheCrystalDefectsChapter3PhaseDiagrams

3-1Introduction

1、WhystudyPhaseDiagrams?

2、DefinitionsAndBasicConcepts

a、Component;b、System;c、Phase;d、SolubilityLimit;e、PhaseEquilibrium

.

3-2BinarySystemPhaseDiagrams

1、BinaryIsomorphousSystem

2、BinaryEutecticSystem

3、BinaryPeritecticSystem

4、BinaryEquilibriumDiagramsHavingIntermediatePhaseorCompounds

3-3TheIron-IronCarbide(Fe-Fe3C)PhaseDiagrams

3-4TernarySystemPhaseDiagrams*

1、CompositionTriangle

2、IsothermalSection

3、HorizontalSection

4、VerticalSection

3-5ThermodynamicsofPhaseDiagrams

1、GibbsEnergy

2、RegularSolutionandSubregularSolution

3、ExcessGibbsEnergyChapter4PrinciplesofSolidification

4-1TechnologicalSignificance

4-2ThermodynamicforSolidification

4-3Nucleation

1、HomogeneousNucleation

2、HeterogeneousNucleation

3、ApplicationsofControlledNucleation

4-4TheGrowthofNucleus

4-5SolidificationforaSinglePhaseofSolid-Solution

1、EquilibriumPartitionCoefficient

2、EquilibriumandNonequilibriumSolidification

3、SoluteRedistributionaheadofSolidificationFront

4、Zone-Refining

5、SegregationandDendriticMicrosegregation

6、Solid-liquidInterfaceMorphology

4-6SolidificationofIngotandItsStructure

1、CastStructure

a、ChillZone;b、ColumnarZone;c、EquiaxedZone

2、SolidificationDefects

a、ShrinkageCavity(ShrinkagePipe,Porosity);

b、GasPorosity;

c、InterdendriticShrinkage;

d、Segregation(MacrosegregationorMicrosegregation)Chapter5PlasticDeformationofCrystalsand

StrengtheningMechanisms

5-1Introduction

1、ConceptsofStressandStrain

2、Stress-StrainBehaviorofMetals

5-2SlipinSingleCrystals

1、SlipSystems

2、SchmidLawandCriticalResolvedShearStress

3、TheoreticalShearStrengthandTheIntroductionofDislocation

4、CharactersofSlipFormation

5-3DeformationTwinning

1、GeometryoftwinFormation

2、CharactersofTwinFormation

5-4DeformationTexture

5-5RemainedStress

5-6TheFundamentalsofDislocationTheory

1、TheBasicConceptsofDislocation

2、TheElasticPropertiesofDislocation

a、ElasticFieldofaStraightDisloccation

b、EnergyofaStraightDislocation

c、ForcesonDislocation

ⅰTheExpression;ⅱMechanicalForce;ⅲTensionofDislocationLine;

ⅳImageForce;ⅴInteractingForcesBetweenDislocations

d、TheInteractionBetweenDislocationsandPointDefects

ⅰCottrellgas-mass;ⅱSnoekGas-mass;ⅲSolid-SolutionStrengthening

3、TheMotionofDislocations

a、TheSlipandClimbofDislocations

b、CrossSlipofDislocations

c、PlasticDeformationCausedbyMotionofDislocations5-7、TheOriginandMultiplicationofDislocations

a、OriginofDislocations

b、DislocationMultiplication

5-8、TheInteractionBetweenTwoDislocations

a、DislocationJogsandturns

b、TheMotionofDislocationswithJogs

5-9、DislocationPile-upGroup

a、DislocationPile-up

b、Hall-PetchEquationandFine-CrystalStrengthening

5-10、DislocationsinRealisticCrystals

a、PerfectDislocation、PartialDislocation、StackingFault、ExtandedDislocation

b、ReactionBetweenDislocationsandThompsonQuadri-faceBody

c、Lomer-CottrelDislocationandStrainStrengthening

5-11、DislocationTheoryandTheStrengtheningMechanismofCrystals

Chapter6SurfacesandInterfacesin

CrystallineSolid

6-1CrystalSurfacesandSurfaceEnergy

1、WhereDoesSurfaceEnergyComefrom?

2、AnisotropyofTheSurfaceEnergyandTheSurfaceMorphologyofcrystals

6-2GrainBoundary

1、TheClassificationandTheModelofGrainBoundaries

2、EnergyofGrainBoundaries

3、EquilibriumSegregationonGrainBoundaries

4、MobilityofGrainBoundary

6-3EquilibriumMorphologyofGrainBoundary

Chapter7Recovery,Recrystallization,andGrainGrowth

7-1Recovery

1、StoredEnergyofRecovery

2、MechanismandProcessofRecovery

7-2Recrystallization

1、DrivingForceofRecrystallization

2、MechanismandProcessofRecrystallization

3、ReactionbetweenSecondPhaseParticlesandRecrystallization

7-3GrainGrowth

1、NormalGrainGrowth

2、AbnormalGrainGrowth

3、InfluenceofTheSecondPhaseParticlesonGrainGrowth

7-4RecrystallizationTexture

7-5Hot-Working