英語詞匯學(xué)問題庫

英語詞匯學(xué)問題庫（一）C1AGeneralSurveytoEnglishVocabulary1.Whatislexicology?2.WhatisthenatureandscopeofEnglishLexicology?3.WhatsubjectsisEnglishLexicologycorrelatedwith?Andtowhatextent?4.WhyshouldastudentofEnglishstudyEnglishLexicology?5.Whatisaword?6.Whatarethereasonsofmoreandmoreinconsistancesbetweensoundandform..7.Whatisvocabulary?8.WhatarethethreestagesofdevelopmentoftheEnglishvocabulary?9.Illustratetherelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningwithexamples.10.WhatarethethreemaincriteriafortheclassificationofEnglishwords?11.Whatisacommonword（通用詞,literaryword（文學(xué)詞）colloquialword（口語詞）,slangword（俚語詞）jargon（行話）,argot（黑話）,neologism（新詞語）?Giveexamples.12.Whatishybrid（混種詞）?13.HowdoyouaccountfortheroleofnativewordsinEnglishinrelationtoloan-words?14.Whatarethefundamentalfeaturesofthebasicwordstock?Whatistheimportanceofbasicwordstock?15.Whatarethemajorcausesoftherapidgrowthofpresent-dayEnglishvocabulary?16.Whatarefunctionwordsandcontentwords?Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthem?17.WhatarethecharacteristicfeaturesoftheEnglishvocabulary?18.Whatarenativewords?Whatareloanwords?19.WhatismeantbythecomplexityoftheEnglishvocabulary?20.WhatismeantbytheIndo-EuropeanfamilyofLanguages?Howmanygroupsoflanguagesareincludedinthisfamilyoflanguages?WhichgroupdoestheEnglishlanguagebelongto?21.WhyshouldstudentsofEnglishlexicologystudyIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamily?22.HowoldistheEnglishlanguage?HowmanyperiodsisthehistoryofEnglsihdividedinto?StatebrieflythespecialfeaturesofeachperiodinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage(fromtheangleofthevocabulary).23.WhatistheimportanceofthenativeelementintheEnglishvocabulary?WhatisthefoundationoftheEnglishvocabylary?Whatarethefundamentalfeatuesofthebasicword-stock?Whatcategorieswordsbelongtothebasicword-stock?24.WhatistheimportanceoftheforeignelementinthedevelopmentoftheEnglishvocabulary?Whatforeignlanguagesshouldwepayspecialattentionto?25.Enunmerate（列舉）themajormodesofmodernvocabularydevelopment.C2Morphology1.WhatistheinternalstructureofanEnglishword?2.Whatisamorpheme?Whatisanallomorph?3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenamorphemeandasyllable?Illustrateyourpointswithexamples.4.Whatisafreemorphemeandwhatisboundmorpheme?Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthem?5.Whatisroot?Whatarethedifferencesbetweenafreerootandaboundroot?6.Whatisanaffix?Whatarethedifferencesbetweenaninflectionalaffixandaderivationalaffix?7.Whatisa"prefix"?Whatisa"suffix"?Whatisadjectivesuffix?8.Whatisthedifferencebetweena"suffix"andan"ending"?9.Howarewordsclassifiedonthemorphemiclevel?10.Whataredifferencesbetweenaroot,abaseandastem?Illustateyourpointswithexamples.11.Howmanytypesofword-formationsarethereintheEnglishlanguage?12.Whatiscompounding(composition)?Whatisderivation(affixation)?Whatarethedifferencebetweenthetwo?13.Whatisprefixationandwhatissuffixation?Whatisthedifferencebetweenprefixationandsuffixantion?14.Whatisconersion?Whatisthedifferencebetweensuffixaionandconversion?15.Whatisshortenting?Whatisclipping?Whatisacronymy?Whatisinitialism?Whatisthedifferencebetweenacronymyandintitialism?Giveexamples.16.Whatiscilpping?Whatisblending?Whatarethedifferencesbetweentheblendingandclipping?17.Illustrateback-formationthedifferencebetweenback-formantionandaffixaton?18.Illustrateneoclassicalformation,onomatopoeia,gradation,morphologicalstress,reduplication(phrasecompounding),two-partverbs(phraseverbs),wordsfrompropernames.19.Analyzethemorphologicalstructuresofthefollowingwordsandpointoutthetypesofthemorphemes.Recollection,nationalist,unearthly.20.Whatisthedifferencebetweenmorphemeandasyllable?Illutrateyourpointswithexamples.22.GivealistofEnglishverb-formingaffixeswithexample.C3WordMeaningandthesemanticRelationsBetweenWords1.Whatiswordmeaning?Whatarethemaintypesofwordmeaning?2.Whatisthedifferenceandrelationshipbetween"wordmeaning"and"concept"?3.Whatislexicalmeaningandgrammaticalmeaning?Whatarethedifferencesbetweenthem?4.Whatarethedifferencesbetweendenotativemeaningandconnotativemeaning?5.Whatisaffectivemeaning?Whatisstylisticmeaning?6.Whatisreference?7.Whataretheconventionalityandmotivationofwordmeaning?Giveexamples.8.Whatistheuseofthestudyof"themotivationofwords"?HowmanytypesofmotivationarethereinEnglish?Giveoneexampleforeachtype.9.Explainwithexamplesthetwoterms:semanticfraturesandcomponentialanalysis.10.Whatiscomponentialanalysisandwhatareitsadvantagesanddisadvantages?11.Whatarethecausesofsemanticchange?Illustrateyourpoint.12.Explainandgiveexamplestobelowterms:monosemouswordsandpolysemouswords,primary/centralmenaingandderivedmeaning,literalmeaningfigurativemeaning,contextualmeaning.13.Whatarethemajortendenciesthatleadtochangeofmeaning?Whatisrestriction,extension,degeneration,elevation?14.WhatmakesShakespeareparticularlydifficulttoread,oldformofspelling,oldwaysofpronuciationorchangeofwordmeaning?Howdoyouaccountforthesemanticchangeinlivinglanguages?15.Whatispolysemy?16.Whatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweentheprocessesofradiationandconcatenation?Illustrateyourpoint.17.Whatishomonymy?Howdoyouclassifyhomonymy?Howarethesourcesofhomonymys?Whatistheuseofhomonymys?18.Whatisthedifferencebetweensuperordinatesandsubordinates?Whatistherelationshipbetweenthesuperordinatetermandthesubordinateterms?19.Whatisthedifferencesbetweenpolysemyandhomomymy?20.Whatarethdifferentbetweenhomonymsandpolysemes?21.Whatissynonymy?22.Whatisantonymy?Whatarethetpyesofantonyms?Whatisuseofantonymy?Whatarethecharacteristicsofantonyms?Whatcategoriesofwordcanhavetheircorrespondingantonyms?Giveexamples.23.Howisitpossibleforapolysemouswordtohaveconnectionswithdifferentgroupsofrelativesynonyms?Giveexamples.24.Howdodiscriminatebetweentheminutedifferencesinthemeaningofagroupofrelativesynonyms?Giveexamples.25.WhatarethemajorsourcesofEnglishsynonyms?Illustrateyourpoints.26.Howdoyouunderstandthestatementthat"truesynonymisnon-existent"?27.HowmanycategoriescanEnglishsynonymsbedividedinto?Howdoyoudefine"absolutesynonyms"and"relativesynonyms"?28.Whatismeantby"synonymicdominants"?Giveexamples.29.HowmanycategoriescanEnglishantonymsbedividedinto?Howdoyoudefine"contradictoryterms"?Howdoyoudefine"contraryterm"?Howdoyoudefine"relativeterms"?Andhowdoyoudefine"reverseterms"?Giveexamples.30.Whatiscontext?Whatarethetwotypesofcontext?Whatarethecluesgenerallyprovidedinverbalcontext?Howdoescontextprovidecluesforinferringword-meaning?Contextisveryimportantfortheunderstandingorwordmeaning?31.Whatarethedifferencesbetweenlexicalcontextandgrammaticalcontext?32.Whatarethevitalroleofcontextindetermingingwordmeaing?33.Contextisveryimportantfortheunderstandingofwordmeaning.Howiscontextclassified?34.Whatarethemajorcausesofchangesinwordmening?35.Whatissimile?metaphor?metonymy?zoosemy?hyperbole?litotes?euphemism?personification?Giveexamples.36.Whatisliteralmeaningandfigurativemeaning?37.WhatarethemaintypesofsemanticchangeinEnglishlanguage?38.Whatisthebasicdifferencebetweenthe"diachronicapproach"and"synchronicapproach"?39.Whattopicscomeunderthesynchronicstudyofthesemanticrelationsbetweenwords?40.Whatissemanticfield?Whyisitthatlinguistsattachsomuchimportancetothetheoryofthesemanticfield?41.Whatisconceptualmeaning?connotativemeaning?stylistcmeaning?affectivemeaning?reflectedmeaning?collocativemeaning?thematicmeaning?Giveexamples.42.Whatismeantbyfiguresofspeech?Whatistheuseofthem?43.Whataretheextra-linguisticfactorsthatcausechangesinmeaning?C4EnglishIdioms1.WhatisanEnglishidiom?Whatisitscharacteristics?Howdoyouclassifyit(OnwhatprinciplesareEnglishidiomsclassified)?2.Pickouttheidiomsusedinthefollowingextractanditsoriginandthedffectofusingthisform."Well,it"stheoldstoryofthestitchintime,"shesaid.3.HowdoyoudefineStandardizedWordCombinations,PhraseologicalUnities,PhraseologicalFusions?Giveexamples.4.GiveexamplesofEnglishidiomsderivedfromsealife;fromfishandfishing;fromsoldiers;fromanimals;frombirds,domesticpoultryandtheireggs;fromnaturalphenomena;fromothersources.5.Whatistheadvantageofclssifyingidiomsaccordingtotheirgrammaticalfunctions?WhatpartscanEnglishidiomsplayinsentences?6.WhathintsaregivenconcerningtheuseofEnglishidioms?7.Whataephrasalverbs?Whatarethesimilarityandthedifferencebetweenaverbphraseandaphrasalverb?C5BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish1.WhatarethecharacteristicsofAmericanEnglish?WhatarethemajordifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglsihandBritishEnglaish?2.HowmanystagesarethereinthehistoricaldevelopmentofAmericanEnglish?Whichstageisthedecisivestage?3.InwhatwaydoesAmericanspellingdifferfrom