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興化市第一中學(xué)2018屆考前適應(yīng)性練習(xí)英語試卷擬卷人:總分:120分考試時(shí)間:120分鐘第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分20分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分) 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchshouldthemanpayintotal? A.$100. B.$110. C.$115.2.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace? A.At5:30. B.At6:00. C.At6:30.3.Wherewillthespeakershavetheirpicnic? A.Onarock. B.Onthegrass. C.Inaboat.4.Whydoesthegirltalkwiththeman? A.Tosendaninvitation. B.Toseekforhelp. C.Toaskforpermission.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout? A.Thewoman’sfamily.B.Atrip. C.Apicture.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分) 聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo? A.Showthenewstudentsaround.B.Workparttimeafterclass.C.AttendaStudents’Unionmeeting.7.Whowillprobablygetintouchwiththemanlater? A.Betty. B.Ken. C.Ruth.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whathappenedtotheman? A.Hegothurt. B.Helosthiscar. C.Hehadanaccident.9.Whatisthemangoingtodo? A.Goforabusinesstrip. B.Tellhisfatherthetruth. C.Visitsomefriends.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers? A.Colleagues. B.Husbandandwife. C.Interviewerandinterviewee.11.Whydoesthewomanwanttochangeherpresentjob? A.It’sdifficult. B.Itoffersalowpay. C.Itrequireslongworkingtime.12.Whatwillthewomandonext? A.Gohome. B.Leaveforwork. C.Buysomebread.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whydidsomekidsfeelunhappyatfirst?A.Theydidn’tgetusedtothenewenvironment. B.Theyweren’twillingtoattendthetrip. C.Theythoughtthetripwouldbeboring.14.Howdidthechildrenfeelabouttheguide? A.Bored. B.Satisfied. C.Disappointed.15.Whatwasthechildren’sfavoriteactivity? A.Sailing. B.Horseriding. C.Barbecuing.16.Whatissaidaboutthechildren? A.Theyhadknowneachotherbefore. B.Theywantedtogettogetheragain. C.Theywereallhomesickatfirst.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoweknowaboutthebaby? A.Itwaskidnapped. B.Itescaped. C.Ithadararedisease.18.Whatdowelearnabout"freemilk"programmer? A.Ithasbeencanceled. B.Itisgoingquitewellatthemoment. C.Itofferedallstudentsmilkfromprimaryschooltohighschool.19.Whatwillasalebeheldfor? A.Sellingsomemilk. B.Learningsomeskills. C.Raisingmoneyforalibrary.20.Whatwilltomorrow’sweatherbelike? A.Itwillbesunny.B.Itwillbewetandhot. C.Thepollutionwillbelight.第二部分:英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空(共15題;每小題1分,滿分15分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題,從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。21.PhysicallychallengedasJackwas,hedidnot________himselftohisfate. A.resist B.reserve C.resign D.rescue22.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_______youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim? Awhere B.which C.that D.as23.She
then
took
the
little
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opened
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trembling,
but
could
not
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first
see
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________,
because
the
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shut.
A.plainly B.closely C.firmly D.frequently24.WhileinteractingwithpeopleinIndia,Iwas________toawayoflifepletelydifferentfrommyown. A.reduced B.exposed C.mitted D.transferred25.WatchingbasketballgamesonTVathomeisonething,goingtowatchthem________liveisquiteanother. A.perform B.performing C.toperform D.beingperformed26.Somepeopleusehandwrittenletters____typingbecausethey’remorepersonalandrepresentyoursincerity. A.inpreferenceto B.inprocessof C.inreferencewith D.insearchof27.Asthingsdidn’tworkoutthewaywe________,wefoundourselvestryingtoforcethemandstrugglingtofinishthem. A.plan B.areplanning C.hadplanned D.willbeplanning28.Lindarealizedshewasinthewrongandpromisedto________anewleaf. A.takeover B.turnover C.getover D.goover29.Uptillnow,therehasbeennoscientificevidenceabout________causedthedeathofdinosaurs. A.whatisitthat B.whatitwasthat C.itwaswhat D.whatisit30.Thoughafarmer,Zhuzhiwenhasbecameahugesuccessasasinger,whosestoryisreally________ofgreatinspiration. A.everything B.nothing C.theone D.one31.Itwasthenaturaldisaster,ratherthanhumanerrors,that________forthedeathofsomanyinnocentpeople. A.areblamed B.wastoblame C.wasblamed D.weretoblame32.—Canyoudomeafavour,Mr.Smith?Mycar______start.—Noproblem.Youcancountonit. A.won’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t33._______youconsiderthattheairlinehandled80millionpassengerslastyear,theaccidentfiguresarereallyverysmall. A.Unless B.When C.Before D.Though34.ThatAmericanshavenohistorywhileChinesehavenofuturesounds________;ithasraisedathought provokingquestion,though. A.artificial B.arbitrary C.allergic D.reluctant35.—Mummy,lookatmygloves.Ineedanewpair.—________.Iboughtthemforyouonlyaweekago! A.Youbet B.Yousaidit C.Youdon’tsay D.Younameit第二節(jié):完形填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Justseveraldaysago,aviolentstormhitourmunity.Ilookedoutofthewindowandwitnessedatreebeing36bythefiercewinds.Thebranchesbent,andswayedbackandforth,thankstotheir37toavoidbreaking.Theleavesdesperatelystucktothebranchesbecausetheirlife38thetree.Thepowerfultrunkthat39thetreeuprightbentslightlybackwardsfromtheforceinabattleto40itsposition. Afterthestormhadpassed,thetreegracefullyreturnedtoits41positionstandingtallamongthechaos.Itmanagedto42thestorm.Itdidn’tlookthesameasleaveshadshedfromitsbranchesandthesoilhadloosenedabit,butwhat43isthatthetreewonthefightforitslife. ForalongtimeIcouldn’tunderstandwhythistree44myattentionthewayitdid.Astimepassed,itbecame45thatitwasn’tjustaboutthetreebutabouttheroots,which,althoughunseen,digdeepintothesoilproviding46andnutrition.Therootsallowthetreetobeabletotakea47becausetheyaretheretosupportthem. Icouldn’tbutaskmyselfhowdeeptherootsareinmylife.48,thenexttimeyoucatchyourkids49,whenthejobisdrivingyoucrazy,whenyouareunderpaidandthe50istight,andwhenthestormsoflifeareraging,gobacktoyourroots.Lifeisfullof51.Theywillmakeyousway,makeyou52,makeyoulosesomeleavesbutthedeeperyourrootsthestrongeryoustand. Facedwith53youmightbendbutdon’tbreak.Nomatterhowhardthewindblowsdon’tletlife54youintoanunfortableposition.Your55liesinyourroots.36.A.crushed B.abused C.broken D.removed37.A.height B.thickness C.flexibility D.outline38.A.answeredfor B.dependedon C.cateredfor D.touchedon39.A.held B.tied C.pulled D.raised40.A.achieve B.reach C.establish D.maintain41.A.current B.final C.original D.fortable42.A.explore B.avoid C.chase D.survive43.A.counts B.differs C.concerns D.reveals44.A.fixed B.transferred C.escaped D.caught45.A.strange B.obvious C.possible D.reasonable46.A.surroundings B.resources C.probability D.stability47.A.beating B.stand C.chance D.turning48.A.However B.Therefore C.Nevertheless D.Besides49.A.misbehaving B.struggling C.withdrawing D.misunderstanding50.A.security B.deadline C.money D.munity51.A.surprises B.choices C.storms D.changes52.A.smile B.bend C.hesitate D.advance53.A.opportunities B.challenges C.tasks D.differences54.A.trick B.argue C.force D.admit55.A.courage B.ambition C.value D.strength第三部分:閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。APrimaveraSound Tokickoffthesummer,there’snobetterplacetobethanBarcelona.Ontheconcertlineup,you’llfindbandslikeTheZombies,ArcadeFire,andBonIver.Thentakesometimetosoakupthelocalfood,wine,andculture.Date:May31–June4,2018
Location:Barcelona,Spain
MusicType:
Indie,rock,hiphop
Price:80€–300€(around$86–$323)
RemendedplacestostayinBarcelona:Hotel1898HotelBarcelonaUniversalMercerHotelBarcelona
GovernorsBall OneofthegreatestsummerconcertsinNewYorkCityisGovernor’sBall,whichtakesplaceinearlyJuneatRandall’sIslandPark.SomeofthemanyartistsplayingincludeTool,Phoenix,Lorde,Flume,andtheWuTangClan.Date:June24,2018
Location:NewYorkCity,NewYork,USA
MusicType:Rock,hiphop,pop
Price:$105–$305RemendedplacestostayinNewYorkCity:WNewYork–UnionSquare,UnionSquare,NewYorkCity,UnitedStatesAloftHarlemSuper8LongIslandCityLGAHotelCourtyardNewYorkManhattan/UpperEastSideBonnaroo Bonnarooisanotherepicsummereventthatdrawsincrowdsofaround60,000eachyear.Someofthemosticonicmusiclegendswillbeplayingthisyear,includingU2,RedHotChiliPeppers,TheWeekend,andChancetheRapper.
Date:June811,2018
Location:
Manchester,Tennessee,USA
MusicType:Rock,hiphop
Price:$210.50–$554+feesRemendedplacestostayinManchester:MicrotelInn&SuitesbyWyndhamManchesterCountryInn&SuitesManchesterTheAmbassadorInn&Luxury56.OnwhichofthedayscanyouenjoyRock,hiphopinPrimaveraSound? A.June1,2018. B.June5,2018. C.June9,2018. D.June11,2018.57.TowitnessiconicmusiclegendChancetheRapperplaying,whichofthefollowingaretheremendedplacestostay? A.CourtyardNewYorkManhattan. B.HotelBarcelonaUniversal. C.Randall’sIslandPark. D.TheAmbassadorInn&Luxury.B Theremightbeasmanyas10millionspeciesofplexlifeonthisplanettoday——ahugenumber.Butaddupalloftheplexspeciesthateverlivedandsomebiologiststhinkthegrandtotalwouldbeaboutfivebillion.Theestimateleadstoanastonishingconclusion:astaggering99%ofspeciesarenotaroundanymore.Theyhavebeendriventoextinction. Morespeciesarejoiningtheranksoftheextincteveryyear.Manyscientistsbelievewearelivingthroughanepisodeofremarkablyrapidextinction,onascalethathasbeenseenonlyfivetimesinthelasthalfabillionyears.Theycallthiscurrentepisodethesixthmassextinction——alarge,globaldeclineinawidevarietyofspeciesoverarelativelyshortperiodoftime.Andtheytendtoagreethathumansarethemaincause. Overhunting,overfishing,andhumandrivenhabitatlossarepushingmanyspeciestothebrink.Infact,wehavechangedtheplanetsomuchthatsomegeologistsarenowsuggestingthatwehaveenteredanewphaseinEarth’shistory;anepochtheycallthe"Anthropocene".By2100,itisexpectedthathumanswillhavecausedtheextinctionofuptohalfoftheworld’scurrentspecies. Becausewearelivingthroughthisextinction,itisrelativelyeasyforustostudythedrivingforcesbehindit.Buthowdowedeterminewhatcausedothermassdieoffsthathappenedlongago?Todosowehavetolookatwhatarchaeologists,palaeontologists,geologistsandotherscientistshaveconcludedfromtheevidencetheyhavegathered. Thetroubleis,thosescientistsdonotalwaysagreewithoneanother——evenaboutthemostrecentextinctionevent.Aswellasthefiveorsixmassextinctions,therehavealsobeenmanysmallerextinctions. OneoftheseminiextinctioneventshappenedtowardstheendofthePleistocene,afewtensofthousandsofyearsago.Itissometimescalledthe"megafaunal"extinctionbecausemanyofthespeciesitclaimedwereparticularlylargeanimals,weighingmorethan97lb(44kg).However,itscauseremainsadebateamongstscientists.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesixthmassextinction? A.Humansarethemaincauseofit. B.Itmeansaglobaldeclineoveralongtime. C.ItoccurredtowardstheendofthePleistocene. D.Scientistsstilldisagreeaboutthecauseofit.59.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutspecies? A.99%ofspecieswillnotbearoundanymoreby2100. B.Bythe22ndcentury,therewillprobablybeaboutfivemilliononthisplanet. C.Abouteightyearslaterwewillenterwhatiscalledthe"Anthropocene". D.Itisnoteasyforustofigureoutcausesbehindthe"Anthropocene".60.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthelastparagraph? A.Landanimals. B.Marinelife. C.Hugeanimals. D.Flesheatingcreatures.C Abitefromatsetsefly(采采蠅)isanextremelyunpleasantexperience.Itisnotlikeamosquito,whichcanputitsthinmouthpartdirectlyintoyourblood,oftenwithoutyounoticing.Incontrast,thetsetsefly’smouthhastinysawsonitthatsawintoyourskinonitswaytosuckoutyourblood. Tomakemattersworse,severalspeciesoftsetseflycantransmitdiseases.Oneofthemostdangerousisaparasitethatcauses"sleepingsickness",or"humanAfricantrypanosomiasis"togiveititsofficialname.Withouttreatment,aninfectionisusuallyfatal. Likesomanytropicaldiseases,sleepingsicknesshasoftenbeenneglectedbymedicalresearchers.However,researchershavelongendeavoredtounderstandhowitavoidsourbodies’defencemechanisms.Someoftheirinsightscouldnowhelpuseliminatesleepingsicknessaltogether. Therearetwocloselyrelatedsinglecelledparasitesthatcausethisdeathlysleep:TrypanosomabruceirhodesienseandT.b.gambiense.Thelatterisfarmoremon:itisresponsibleforupto95%ofcases,mostlyinwesternAfrica.Ittakesseveralyearstokillaperson,whileT.bruceirhodesiensecancausedeathwithinmonths.Therearestillotherformsthatinfectlivestock. Aftertheinitialbite,sleepingsicknesssymptomsoftenstartwithafever,headachesandachingmuscles.Astheillnessgoeson,thoseinfectedbeeincreasinglytired,whichiswhereitgetsitsname.Personalitychanges,severeconfusionandpoorcoordinationcanalsohappen. Whilemedicationdoeshelp,sometreatmentsaretoxicandcanthemselvesbedeadly,especiallyiftheyaregivenafterthediseasehasreachedthebrain. Itisworthnotingthatsleepingsicknessisnolongerasdeadlyasitoncewas.Intheearly20thCenturyseveralhundredthousandpeoplewereinfectedeachyear.Bythe1960sthediseasewasconsidered"undercontrol"andhadreachedverylownumbers,makingitsspreadmoredifficult.Butinthe1970stherewasanothermajorepidemic,whichtook20yearstocontrol. Sincethen,betterscreeningprogrammesandearlierinterventionshavereducedthenumberofcasesdramatically.In2009therewerefewerthan10,000casesforthefirsttimesincerecordsbegan,andin2015thisfiguredroppedtofewerthan3,000,accordingtothelatestfiguresfromtheWorldHealthOrganisation.TheWHOhopesthediseasewillbepletelyeliminatedby2020. Whilethisdeclinelookspositive,theremaybemanymorecasesthatgounreportedinruralAfrica.Toeliminatethediseasepletely,infectionshavetobecloselymonitored. Moreproblematically,aseriesofnewstudieshaveshownthattheparasiteismoreplicatedthanpreviouslybelieved. Sleepingsicknesshasalwaysbeenconsidered——anddiagnosed——asablooddisease,becauseT.bruceiparasitescanreadilybedetectedinthebloodofitsvictims.61.Atsetseflyisdifferentfromamosquitointhat________. A.itcanputitsthinmouthpartdirectlyintoyourbloodB.allspeciesoftsetseflycantransmitdiseases C.itcanspreadaparasitethatcauses"sleepingsickness" D.itsmouthhaslargersawsthanthoseonamosquito62.Whatcanbelearnedabout"sleepingsickness"accordingtothetext? A.Itisformallycalled"humanAmericantrypanosomiasis". B.Ifleftuntreated,itcanpossiblybedeadly. C.Itremainsasdeadlyasitusedtobe. D.Itusuallydrawsattentionfrommedicalresearchers.63.Whatisimpliedinthelastthreeparagraphs? A."Sleepingsickness"willbepletelyeliminatedby2020. B.Theparasitecausing"sleepingsickness"iseasytodetectnow. C.T.bruceiparasitescanonlybedetectedinthebloodofitsvictims. D.Dataabout"sleepingsickness"casesmaynotbesoaccurate.64.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage? A.Amosquitothatcancarrydeadlydiseases. B.Abitefromthisflyputsyouintoadeadlysleep. C.Symptomsthatarecharacteristicof"sleepingsickness". D.Howtocontroldeadly"sleepingsickness"fromatsetsefly.D AcardealershipinmyhometownofAlbuquerquewassellingsixtoeightnewcarsaday.Iwasalsotoldthat72percentofthisdealership’sfirsttimevisitorsreturnedforasecondvisit. Iwascurious.Howdoesacardealershipget72percentofitsfirsttimevisitorstoreturn?Andhowcantheysellsixtoeightcarsadayinadecliningcarmarket? WhenIwalkedintoSaturnofAlbuquerquethatFriday,thestafftheredidn’tknowmefromAdam;yettheysharedwithmetheirpricingpolicy,theprofitmarginoneverymodel,andstaffine.TheyevenopenedtheirtrainingmanualsformyreviewandinvitedmebackonSaturdayifIwantedmoreinformation. OnSunday,thedayaftermysecondvisittotheSaturnstore,mywife,Jane,andIwerewalkingaswefrequentlydo.OnthisparticularJunemorning,Janegentlyslippedherhandinmineandsaidtenderly,"Idon’tknowifyouremember,buttoday’smyfifthanniversaryofbeingcancerfree."Iwassurprised,partiallybecauseIwasembarrassedthatIhadforgottenand,partiallybecause....Well,Ididn’tknowwhattodowithJane’sinformation. Thenextday,Monday,Janewentofftoworkteachingschool.Stillnotknowingwhattodotomarkthisspecialoccasion,IdidthemostimpetuousthingI’veeverdoneinmylife:IboughtanewSaturn.Ididn’tpickthecolororthemodel,butIpaidcashandtoldthemI’dbringJaneinonWednesdayat4:30.ItoldthemwhyIwasbuyingthecar. OnTuesday,itdawnedonmethatJanealwayswantedawhitecar.IcalledthesalesconsultantatSaturn,andIaskedhimifhehadanythingwhiteinthestore.Hesaidhehadoneleftbuthecouldn’tguaranteeit’dstillbeavailableonWednesdayat4:30becausetheyweresellingsofast.IsaidI’dtakemychancesandaskedhimtoputitintheshowroom. Wednesdaycame.Unexpectedly,someoneinourfamilywasadmittedtothehospital.So,itwasn’tuntil9:30SaturdaymorningwhenwefinallymadeourwaytotheSaturnstore.JanehadneverbeeninaSaturnstore.Whenwewentthroughthefrontdoor,theLordtookcontrolofherfeetandhermouth.ShesawthatlittlewhiteSaturncoupeallthewayacrosstheshowroomfloor.Shequicklypassedamulticoloredseaofautomobiles,satinthelittlewhiteSaturnandsaid,"Oh,whataprettylittlecar.CanIhaveanewcar?"Isaid,"No.Notuntiloursongraduatesfromcollege."Shesaid,"I’msickandtiredofdrivingthatoldDodge,Iwantanewcar."Isaid,"Ipromise,justthreemoresemestersandhe’llbeout." Next,Janewalkedaroundtothefrontofthecar.Asshelookeditover,sheletoutthemostbloodcurdling,shrillscreamI’deverheardin29yearsofmarriage. Now,beforeItellyouwhyJanescreamed,letmetellyouwhatthesalesconsultanthaddone.Hehadorderedalarge,professionallyengravedsign(whitelettersonblue).ThesignstoodaloneonthehoodofthelittlewhiteSaturncoupe.Itsaid"Congratulations,Jane.Thiscarisyours.Fiveyearscancerfree.Let’scelebratelife.FromTeamSaturn"EveryemployeeatSaturnofAlbuquerquehadsignedthebackofthatsign. Janesawit,screamed,collapsedinmyarmsandcriedloudly.Ididn’tknowwhattodo.Iwasintears.Itookoutmyinvoice(發(fā)票)fromthepreviousMonday,pointingtothewhitecoupe,said,"No,honey,thiscarisn’tyours.Iboughtyouthisone."Itappedtheinvoicewithmyindexfinger.Janesaid,"No,Iwantthisonerighthere." Whilethisconversationwasgoingon,therewasnooneinthestore.Thesalesconsultanthadarrangeditsothatwecouldsharethemomentalone.Evenso,it’simpossibletohavealotofprivacywhensomanypeoplearestandingoutsidetheshowroomwindowslookingin.WhenJanescreamedandcollapsedinmyarms,Isaweverybodyoutsideapplaudandbegintocry.65.WhydidthewritervisittheSaturnofAlbuquerquethatFriday? A.Hewantedtocollectsomerawmaterialsforhisstory. B.Hewasaskedtowriteareportaboutthatcarstore. C.Hewastoldthecarstorewaslaunchingapricereductionactivity. D.Hesimplywantedtoseewhythecarstoreenjoyedsomuchpopularity.66.WhydidthewriterbuyanewSaturn? A.Becausehiscarwassooldthathedidn’twanttodriveitanylonger. B.BecauseJanewantedanewcarforherfifthanniversaryofbeingcancerfree. C.Becausehewantedtomarkhiswife’sfifthanniversaryofbeingcancerfree. D.Becausehethoughtthecarcouldbehelpfultohiswife’srecoveryfromcancer.67.Whendidthewriterdecideuponthewhitecar? A.OnthenextTuesday. B.OnthefirstFriday. C.OnthesecondWednesday. D.OnthefirstSaturday.68.HowdidJanefeelwhenshesawthesignonthecar? A.Surprisedandthrilled. B.Angrybutsatisfied. C.Shockedandfrightened. D.Skepticalbutoverjoyed.69.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothemostwonderfulpartofthisstory? A.PayingcashforanewSaturn. B.Pickingupthenewcarinthestore. C.Thecouple’sconversationonthestreet.D.Thewriter’sfirstvisittothecarstore.70.Thepurposeofthewriterwritingthisstoryis________. A.tointroduceanewtypeofcar B.totellreadersofhislovelywife C.tosinghighpraiseforacarstore D.toshowhisdeeploveforhiswife第四部分任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意:請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。 AgehasitsprivilegesinAmerica,andoneofthemostimportantofthemistheseniorcitizendiscount.Eligibility(資格)isdeterminednotbyone’sneedbutbythedateonone’sbirthcertificate.Thediscountshavebeearoutinepartofmanybusinesses—asmonascolortelevisionsinmotelroomsandfreecoffeeonairliners. Peoplewithgrayhairoftenaregiventhediscountswithoutevenaskingforthem;yet,millionsofAmericansaboveage60arehealthyandsolvent(有支付能力的).Businessesthatwouldneverdareofferdiscountstocollegestudentsoranyoneunder30freelyofferthemtoolderAmericans.Thepracticeisacceptablebecauseofthewidespreadbeliefthat"elderly"means"needy".Perhapsthatoncewastrue,buttodayelderlyAmericansasagrouphavealowerpovertyratethantherestofthepopulation.Tobesure,thereiseconomicdiversitywithintheelderly,andmanyolderAmericansarepoor.Butmostofthemaren’t. Itisimpossibletodeterminetheimpactofthediscountsonindividualpanies.Formanyfirms,theyareastimulustorevenue.Butinothercases,thediscountsaregivenattheexpense,directlyorindirectly,ofyoungerAmericans.Moreover,theyareadirectirritant(刺激物)inwhatsomepoliticiansandscholarsseeasaingconflictbetweenthegenerations. GenerationaltensionsarebeingfueledbycontinuingdebateoverSocialSecuritybenefits,whichmostlyinvolveatransferofresourcesfromtheyoungtotheold.Employmentisanothersorepoint.Supportedbylawsandcourtdecisions,moreandmoreolderAmericansaredecliningtheretirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob—therebylesseningemploymentandpromotionopportunitiesforyoungerworkers. Farfromakindofcharitytheyoncewere,seniorcitizendiscountshavebeeaprivilegetoagroupwithmillionsofmemberswhodon’tneedthem. Itnolongermakessensetotreattheelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomicneedsdeservepriorityoverthoseofothers.Seniorcitizendiscountsonlyenhancethemyththatolderpeoplecan’ttakecareofthemselvesandneedspecialtreatment;andtheythreatenthecreationofanewmyth,thattheelderlyareungratefulandtakingforthemselvesattheexpenseofchildrenandotheragegroups.SeniorcitizendiscountsaretheessenceoftheverythingolderAmericansarefightingagainst—discriminationbyage.OutlineDetailsIntroductionAgedetermineswhetheranAmericancanbegivenadiscount,whichisamon(71)______inAmericanbusinesslifetoday.OriginofseniorcitizendiscountSincetheseniorcitizensareoftentreatedaspeoplewhoarein(72)______,theyaregivensuchpriority.(73)______situation●Thesituationhaschangedalotwherethemajorityoftheelderlyarenotpooratall.●YoungerAmericanswereata(n)(74)______directlyorindirectlyduetothediscountsgiventotheelderly,thusleadingtoconflictsbetweengenerations.●ThenumberofolderAmericans(75)______toworkratherthanretireisontheincrease,whichmeans(76)______opportunitiesforyoungworkers.●Itisnolongerakindofch
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