渠道維護工技師考試

本文格式為Word版下載后可任意編輯和復制第第頁渠道維護工技師考試機關事業(yè)單位工人技術等級考試試題

簡答題名目

1、什么叫漿砌石？它有哪些砌筑要領？···················································10

2、對模板的基本要求有哪些？···························································11

3、什么叫扣件式鋼管腳手架？它有哪些特點？·············································11

4、手工除銹有哪幾種方式？·····························································11

5、混凝土澆筑前應對模板、鋼筋及預埋件進行哪些檢查？···································11

6、砌筑前的預備工作一般有哪些內(nèi)容？···················································11

7、模板安裝的程序是怎樣的？包括哪些內(nèi)容？·············································11

8、操作除銹機時應留意哪些內(nèi)容？·······················································11

9、混凝土攪拌質(zhì)量如何進行外觀檢查？···················································11

10、提高推土機生產(chǎn)效率的方法有哪些？··················································11

11、磚石砌筑的基本原則有哪些？························································11

12、定型組合鋼模板由哪幾部分組成？····················································12

13、鋼筋為什么要除銹？································································12

14、攪拌機使用前的檢查項目有哪些？····················································12

15、如何對混凝土拌合物進行檢查掌握？··················································12

16、簡述磚基礎檢查項目和方法？························································12

17、滑模施工有哪些特點？······························································12

18、拆模應留意哪些內(nèi)容？······························································12

19、鋼筋的現(xiàn)場綁扎的基本程序有哪些？··················································12

20、混凝土工程如何對原材料進行掌握檢查？··············································12

21、磚墻面勾縫前，應做哪些預備工作？··················································13

22、滑模系統(tǒng)由哪幾部分組成？··························································13

23、點焊時有哪些基本要求？····························································13

24、自卸汽車運輸混凝土的平安技術措施有哪些？··········································13

25、墻混凝土的振搗要求有哪些？························································13

26、土石壩的滲透觀測項目有哪些？······················································13

27、如何預防土石壩裂縫？······························································13

28、土石壩裂縫處理后如何進行土料回填？················································14

29、渠系建筑物如何進行日常養(yǎng)護？······················································14

30、渠道產(chǎn)生沖刷的緣由有哪些？························································14

31、造成壩身滲漏的主要緣由有哪些？····················································14

32、如何用導滲法處理土石壩的滲漏？····················································14

33、土石壩繞壩滲漏的緣由有哪些？······················································14

34、如何搶護土石壩滑坡？······························································15

35、土石壩護坡破壞的類型及緣由有哪些？················································15

36、什么叫設防水位？··································································15

37、什么叫管涌？······································································15

38、散浸消失的緣由有哪些？····························································15

39、滑坡裂縫與縱向裂縫的區(qū)分有哪些？··················································15

40、為了使巡堤查險順當進行，保證防汛平安，制定嚴格的制度。一般有哪些工作制度？········15

41、消失洪水漫頂?shù)闹饕売捎心男?？···················································?6

42、子堤型式有哪幾種？································································16

43、堤防日常維護工作的主要內(nèi)容有哪些？················································161

44、漏洞險情出險緣由有哪些？··························································16

45、防止漫頂?shù)拇胧┯心男俊ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?6

46、土石壩的變形觀測的內(nèi)容有哪些？····················································16

47、土石壩橫向裂縫發(fā)生的常見部位有哪些？··············································17

48、壩下涵管產(chǎn)生管身斷裂和漏水的常見緣由有哪些？······································17

49、堤防中的隱患通常有哪些？··························································17

50、溢洪道的巡察檢查主要有哪些內(nèi)容？··················································17

51、多孔閘門如何進行運行？····························································17

52、啟閉機如何進行日常養(yǎng)護？··························································17

53、巡堤查險制度有哪些？······························································17

54、如何用視準線法進行土石壩水平位移觀測？············································17

55、土石壩內(nèi)部裂縫經(jīng)常發(fā)生在哪些部位？················································18

56、化學灌漿的灌漿材料有哪些？························································18

57、水閘的觀測項目有哪些？····························································18

58、堤基清理包括哪些內(nèi)容?····························································18

59、護岸工程水下護腳采納哪些方法?····················································18

60、什么是搶險？······································································18

61、河道整治的措施有哪些？····························································18

62、修防工作的任務是什么？····························································18

63、防止風浪的搶護方法常用的有哪些？··················································18

64、堤身漏洞搶護原則有哪些？··························································18

65、簡述堤防管理主要規(guī)定?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?8

66、簡述脫坡產(chǎn)生的緣由。·······························································18

67、堤壩消失翻砂鼓水應如何搶護？······················································19

68、水利工程中常用的石料有哪幾種？····················································19

69、提高推土機生產(chǎn)效率的方法有哪些？··················································19

70、土方壓實的目的有哪些？····························································19

71、對土石壩進行的巡察檢查應留意以下要求。·············································19

72、土石壩的裂縫有哪些類型？··························································19

73、土石壩滲漏的危害性有哪些？························································19

74、常見的壓滲型式有有哪些？··························································19

75、土石壩滑坡有哪些類型？····························································19

76、混凝土壩體散滲或集中滲漏的處理如何處理？··········································19

77、渠道滑坡如何進行處理？····························································19

78、風浪淘刷險情出險緣由有哪些？······················································19

79、子堤型式有哪些？··································································19

80、混凝土及漿砌石壩滲漏類型有哪些？··················································19

81、溢洪道的巡察檢查主要有哪些內(nèi)容？··················································19

82、啟閉設備使用前應進行哪些檢查？····················································20

83、土工織物的特性有哪些？····························································20

84、隧洞產(chǎn)生氣蝕的主要緣由有哪些？····················································20

85、渠道正常運用的要求有哪些？························································20

86、渠道的病害形式有哪些？····························································20

87、漏洞如何進行探測？································································20

88、試述純土子堰搶護布置、材料、施工要求?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?0

89、什么是管涌？一般發(fā)生在什么部位？其產(chǎn)生緣由是什么？一般實行哪些方法搶護?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?0

2

論述題名目

1、試述漿砌石砌筑工藝。································································20

2、砼常用的鋪料方法有哪些？···························································21

3、滑坡處理留意事項有哪些？···························································21

4、散浸搶護原則及搶修方法有哪些？·····················································21

5、如何構(gòu)筑背河濾水圍井減壓？·························································21

6、倒塌搶護原則和搶護方法有哪些？·····················································22

7、閘頂漫溢如何進行搶護？·····························································22

8、如何組織漿砌石基礎砌筑施工？·······················································22

9、土石壩的裂縫如何進行觀測？·························································22

10、如何采納開挖回填的方法處理裂縫？··················································23

11、土石壩護坡如何進行永久加固修理？··················································23

12、管涌搶險方法有哪些？······························································23

13、風浪搶護原則及搶修方法有哪些？····················································24

14、水閘滑動如何進行搶險？····························································24

15、混凝土麻面產(chǎn)生的緣由有哪些？如何預防和處理？······································24

16、混凝土拌和的平安技術措施有哪些？··················································24

17、選擇壓實機械主要考慮哪些原則？····················································25

18、砌石工程施工質(zhì)量如何進行掌握檢查？················································25

19、渠道如何進行砌石襯護？····························································25

20、緊鄰水平建基面的爆破開挖要求有哪些？··············································25

21、梁、板混凝土的振搗要求有哪些？····················································26

22、鋼筋安裝質(zhì)量掌握的基本內(nèi)容有哪些？················································26

23、梁、板混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)因尺寸較小，施工中應留意哪些問題？································26

24、屋面柔性防水結(jié)構(gòu)如何組織施工？····················································26

25、試述土石壩日常維護工作。···························································27

26、試述岸坡倒塌險情產(chǎn)生的緣由及搶險方法?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?7

27、試述土石壩繞壩滲漏的處理措施。·····················································28

28、試述搶堵堤防決口的方法?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?8

29、倒塌搶護原則和搶護方法有哪些？····················································29

30、堵口的方法有哪些？································································29

31、試述土石壩壩身滲漏的形式及緣由?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?0

32、混凝土建筑物止水破壞后如何處理？··················································30

33、試述消失漫頂?shù)木売珊蛽屪o原則。·····················································30

34、試述土石壩滑坡的處理?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?1

35、試述堤防的養(yǎng)護要求及方法？························································31

36、試述管涌險情的搶護？······························································31

37、干砌石施工必需留意哪些因素？······················································32

38、管涌搶護原則及搶修方法有哪些？····················································32

39、岸坡倒塌險情及出險緣由有哪些？····················································32

40、水閘滑動如何進行搶險？····························································33

3

一、選擇題

1、處于潮濕環(huán)境或水下使用的砂漿應用(A.水泥砂漿)。

2、砌筑塊石擋土墻時，兩個分層高度間的錯縫不得小于(C.8)cm。

3、磚墻預留的過人洞，其側(cè)邊離交接處的墻面應不小于(C.50)cm，洞口頂部宜設置過梁。

4、平拱磚過梁適用于跨度不超過(A.1.8)m的門窗洞口。

5、當豎向模板最低處高于地面(D.10)m時，應考慮各方向風荷載作用的抗傾穩(wěn)定。

6、模板安裝時，凡屬承重的梁板結(jié)構(gòu)，跨度大于4m以上時，跨中應預留起拱高度．每米增高(C.3)mm，兩邊漸漸削減，至兩端同原設計高程等高，

7、扣件式鋼管雙排腳手架的小橫桿靠墻一端應離開墻體裝飾面至少(A.100)mm。

8、Ⅰ級鋼筋單面搭接焊最小搭接長度不少于(D.8)d(鋼筋直徑)。

9、斷線鉗是定型產(chǎn)品，它一般用于切斷(D.l5)mm以下的鋼絲。

10、鋼筋扳子的扳口尺寸要比彎制鋼筋大(A.2)mm較為合適，過大會影響彎制外形的正確。

11、手弧焊接作業(yè)，焊機必需裝設接地線。地線電阻不應大于(C.4)Ω。

12、錐螺紋套筒連接，所連鋼筋直徑之差不宜超過(D.9)mm。

13、搭接鋼筋為受壓鋼筋時，筋間距不應大于(B.10)d。

14、砂礫地基應清除雜物，整平基礎面，并澆筑(C.10～20)cm厚素混凝土墊層。

15、設計協(xié)作比中的加水量依據(jù)(C.水灰比)計算確定，并以飽和面干狀態(tài)的砂子為標準。

16、在完成混凝土攪拌機檢查工作后，即可進行開盤攪拌，為不轉(zhuǎn)變混凝土設計協(xié)作比，補償粘附在筒壁、葉片上的砂漿，第一盤應減多加水泥、砂各(B．15)%。

17、溜管卸料時，其出口離澆筑面的高差應不大于1.5m。并利用拉索拖動勻稱卸料，但應使溜管出口段約(B．2)m長與澆筑面保持垂直，以避開混凝土料分別。隨著混凝土澆筑面的上升，可逐節(jié)拆卸溜管下端的管節(jié)。

18、用表面式振搗器在雙層鋼筋結(jié)構(gòu)中澆筑層的允許最大鋪料厚度為(B．120)mm。

19、人工平倉用論鐵壇鍬討，平倉距離不超過(C.3)m。

20、振搗棒在每一孔位的振搗時間，以混凝土不再顯著下沉，水分和氣泡不再逸出并開頭泛漿為準。振搗時間和混凝土坍落度、石子類型及最大粒徑、振搗器的性能等因素有關，一般為(B．20～30)s。

21、漿砌石施工的砌筑要領可概括為:平、穩(wěn)、滿、錯四個字。平，同一層面大致砌平，相鄰石塊的高差宜小于

（B.2～3）。

22、筑圓形建筑物(如水池)一般采納（B.頂砌法），法全部采納丁磚，便于砌筑成所需的弧度。

23、墻身砌體高度超過地坪（A.1.2）m以上時，應搭設腳手架。

24、滑模施工在滑動過程中，要求各千斤頂?shù)南鄬烁咧畈坏么笥冢―.40）mm。

25、木腳手架的搭設時，對于單排外腳手架，搭設高度一般不得超過（B.20）m。

26、鋼筋的貯存堆放時，鋼筋下部應墊高，離地至少（B.20）cm高，以防鋼筋銹蝕。

27、鋼筋在使用前必需經(jīng)過調(diào)直,鋼筋調(diào)直后其表面?zhèn)鄄坏檬逛摻罱孛娣e削減（D.5）％以上。

28、操作鋼筋切斷機在斷短料時，不用手扶的一端應用（A.1）m以上長度的鋼管套壓。

29、假如有多臺對焊機并列安裝時，兩臺焊機之間的距離最少要有（B.3）m，并且要求接在不同相位的電源上。

30、乙炔鋼瓶必需安放在垂直的位置。當瓶內(nèi)壓力減低到（A.0.2）MPa時，應停止使用。

31、依據(jù)施工規(guī)范規(guī)定：直徑在（B.25）mm以下的鋼筋接頭，可采納綁扎接頭。

32、焊接與綁扎接頭距鋼筋彎起點不小于（B.10）d，也不位于最大彎矩處。

33、施工規(guī)范對配料精度(按重量百分比計)的要求是：水泥、摻合料、水、外加劑溶液為±（A.1）%。

34、攪拌機運輸時，應將進料斗提升到上止點，并用保險鐵鏈鎖住。輪胎式攪拌機的搬運可用機動車拖行，但其拖行速度不得超過（B.15）。如在不平的道路上行駛，速度還應降低。

35、溜槽為鋼制槽子(鋼模)，可從皮帶機、自卸汽車、斗車等受料，將混凝土轉(zhuǎn)送入倉。坡度可由試驗確定，采納（D.45）左右。

36、開頭澆筑前，要在巖面或老混凝土面上，先鋪一層（B.2～3）cm厚的水泥砂漿(接縫砂漿)以保證新混凝土與基巖或老混凝上結(jié)合良好。

37、臺階澆筑法澆筑塊的臺階層數(shù)以（D.5～10）層為宜，層數(shù)過多，易使下層混凝土錯動，并使?jié)仓}內(nèi)平倉4

振搗機械上下頻率調(diào)動，簡單造成漏振。

38、振搗棒的插入深度，在振搗第一層混凝土時，以振搗器頭部不遇到基巖或老混凝土面，但相距不超過（C.5）cm為宜。

39、硅酸鹽水泥、一般硅酸鹽水泥混凝土養(yǎng)護時間不少于（B.14）d。

40、塊石基礎每天可砌高度不應超過（B.4.2）m。

41、堤防壓實質(zhì)量掌握指標是土的干密度，一般設計要求應達到(C、1.5)t/m以上。

42、堤防灌漿壓力一般掌握在(C、98)kPa。

43、純土子堰頂寬一般為(B、1.0)m。

44、土料的密度、含水量、(B、可松性)等主要工程性質(zhì)對土方工程的施工方法、施工進度均有很重要的影響。

45、推土機適用于堆筑高度在(A