湖北省孝感市漢川麻河中學2022年高三英語期末試卷含解析

湖北省孝感市漢川麻河中學2022年高三英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.About698,000laptopsweresoldinChinain____secondquarter,______2.1percentincreasefromayearago.A.a；a

B.the；a

C.the；the

D.a；the參考答案：B解析：第一個空表示“在第二季度”，序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞，而第二空中心詞是increase,此處用作可數(shù)名詞，其前用不定冠詞．2.Youcanusealargeplasticsbottle,_________cutoff,asaplottogrowflowersin.

A.withitstop

B.thetopofwhich

C.whosetop

D.itstopis參考答案：A略3.Notuntilthetrainpulledintothenextstation_______hersuitcasegone.A.Maryhadfound

B.hadMaryfoundC.didMaryfind

D.Maryfound參考答案：C4.

Don'tsitthere________nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.

A.do

B.todo

C.doing

D.anddoing參考答案：C．

解析：非謂語動詞的用法。做伴隨狀語應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。5.Helikessuchhouseswithgardens,buthedoesn'thavemoneytobuy_____．

A．it

B．one

C．that

D．this參考答案：B6.Heboughtahouse,___________

thepriceisreasonable.A.whose

B.its

C.ofwhich

D.ofwhom參考答案：C7.Tom

me

at9.00atthecornerofthestreetandwedrovetothebooksalewherewe

avaluablefirstedition.

A.picked;out;pickedup

B.picked;up;pickedup

C.picked;off;pickedon

D.picked;up;pickedon參考答案：B8.Everyoneonthisplanetisdifferent,andthat's______

makesitsuchabeautifulplace.A.When B.how C.what D.why參考答案：C【詳解】考查表語從句。句意：這個星球上的每個人都不一樣，那是使得這個星球成為美麗的地方的東西。分析句子可知，系動詞is后是表語從句，從句缺少主語，what引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句中作主語，when“……的時候”作時間狀語；how“如何”作方式狀語；why“為什么；……的原因”作原因狀語。故選C。9.Fromtheword________ontheoldpot,wedecidethatitdatesbacktoatleastfivehundredyearsago.

A.havingbeenmarked

B.marked

C.tobemarked

D.beingmarked參考答案：B24.Blessyourheart,Iknowyoudidn'tbreakthevase________.Don'tcry!

A.onpurpose

B.byaccident

C.onbusiness

D.bymistake參考答案：A略11.Theairlinehasabooklet_____willtellyoumostoftheimportantinformationtoEurope.A.inwhich

B.aboutwhich C./

D.that參考答案：D12.Ourteachersoftenencourageusthateveryminutewespendonstudyingwillfinally

inthenearfuture．A．runout

B．gooff

C．comeout

D．payoff參考答案：D13.Ifeellike_________alongwalk.Wouldyoulike_______withme?A.taking;going

B.taking;togo

C.totake;togo

D.totake;going參考答案：B14.Wouldyoulike_______knifeandfork，orwouldyouratheruse_______chopsticks，sir?A．the；the

B．a(chǎn)；/

C．/；the

D．/；/參考答案：B。句意是：先生，你是用刀叉還是用筷子？考查冠詞的用法?！耙桓钡恫妗庇谩癮knifeandfork”，筷子用復(fù)數(shù)chopsticks表示泛指,不用加冠詞，表示“一副／一雙筷子”用“apairofchopsticks”。15.Withtheword"PM2.5"______heardandseeninourlife,peoplebecomemoreandmoreconcernedaboutairpollution.A.constantly B.occasionally C.consequently D.contemporarily參考答案：A16.Notonly______interestedinthefootballbut_______beginningtoshowaninterestinit.

A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsare;

B.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudents;

C.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudents;

D.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare;參考答案：D17.—Whatarewegoingtodowiththelargecupboard?—I’msureit_______averygoodshelf．

A．willmake

B．ismaking

C．ismade

D．canbemade參考答案：A二、新的題型18.Howdowepreventtransmissionofthevirus?Thisnewviruscurrentlyhasa___36___(limit)geographicspread.___37___,thereareanumberofstandardhygiene(衛(wèi)生)practices___38___havebeenrecommendedtoprotectagainstinfectionandfurtherspread.Theseincludecoveringyourmouthandnosewhencoughingorsneezingwithamedicalmask,tissueorflexedelbow;avoidingclosecontactwiththosewhoareunwell;theappropriateuseof___39___(mask)andpersonalprotectiveequipment,___40___(especial)inahealthcaresetting;washinghandsregularlywithsoapandwater,oralcohol-basedhandrub.Actionsthatcanbetakentopreventinfectionfrom___41___animalsourceinclude:avoidingunnecessaryunprotectedcontactwithanimals;washinghandsaftercontactwithanimalsoranimalproducts;andensuringthatanimalproductsarecookedthoroughlybeforethey___42___(consume).___43___isimportanttostayhomeifyou’refeelingunwell.Butifyouhaveafever,cough,anddifficulty___44___(breath),seekmedicalcareearlyandshareyourprevioustravelhistory___45___yourhealthcareprovider.參考答案：36.limited

37.However

38.that/which

39.masks

40.especially

41.an

42.areconsumed

43.It

44.breathing

45.with本文是說明文。介紹了如何防止病毒傳播的一些具體措施?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這種新病毒目前的地理傳播范圍有限。修飾名詞短語geographicspread用形容詞，指有限的地理傳播，故填limited?！?7題詳解】考查連詞。句意：然而，有一些標準的衛(wèi)生措施已被推薦，以防止感染和進一步傳播。前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合空后的逗號，故填However。【38題詳解】考查定語從句。句意同上。句中包含定語從句，先行詞是practices指物，在定語從句中做主語，用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)，故填that/which?！?9題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：適當使用口罩和個人防護設(shè)備，特別是在醫(yī)療環(huán)境中。作介詞of的賓語用名詞，theuseof+名詞指“……的使用”，此處前面沒有冠詞，表示泛指用復(fù)數(shù)，故填masks?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意同上。修飾后面介詞短語用副詞，意為“特別是在醫(yī)療環(huán)境中”，故填especially?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：可以采取的防止來自動物源的感染措施包括：避免與動物進行不必要的無保護的接觸。animal是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，且開頭是元音因素，表示“一種”用an，故填an。【42題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：確保動物產(chǎn)品在食用前徹底煮熟。句中they指的是animalproducts，與動詞consume是被動關(guān)系，在從句中作謂語用被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合全文是一般現(xiàn)在時，故填areconsumed?！?3題詳解】考查代詞。句意：如果你感覺不舒服，呆在家里是很重要。句中用it做形式主語，不定式tostayhome是真正主語，故填I(lǐng)t?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“做某事有困難”用havedifficulty(in)doingsth.故填breathing?！?5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：但是如果你有發(fā)燒、咳嗽和呼吸困難，盡早就醫(yī)，和你的醫(yī)療服務(wù)人員分享你以前的旅行經(jīng)歷?！昂湍橙朔窒砟呈隆笔莝haresth.withsb.故填with。三、閱讀理解19.RecentsummertemperaturesinpartsofAustraliawerehighenoughtomeltasphalt.Asglobalwarmingspeedsuptheheatandclimaticeventsincrease,manyplantsmaybeunabletocope.Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto“sweat”whenotheressentialprocessesstop,anewstudyfinds.Asplantschangesunlightintofood,orphotosynthesize(光合作用),theyabsorbcarbondioxidethroughporesontheirleaves.Theseporesalsoreleasewaterviatranspiration(蒸騰),whichcirculatesnutrientsthroughtheplantandhelpscoolitbyevaporation(蒸發(fā)).Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesareknowntogreatlyreducephotosynthesis—andmostexistingplantmodelssuggestthisshouldalsodecreasetranspiration,leavingtreesindangeroffatallyoverheating.Becauseitisdifficultforscientiststocontrolandvarytrees’conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment,littleisknownabouthowindividualspecieshandlethissituation.EcologistJohnDrakeoftheS.U.N.Y.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandForestryandhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum(Eucalyptusparramattensis)treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.SixofthetreesweregrownatsurroundingairtemperaturesandsixattemperaturesthreedegreesCelsiushigher.Theresearcherswithheld(扣留)waterfromthesurfacesoilofall12treesforamonthtoimitateamilddryspell,theninducedafour-day“extreme”heatwave:Theyraisedthemaximumtemperaturesinhalfofthepods（threewithsurroundingtemperaturesandthreeofthewarmerones）—to44degrees℃.Photosynthesisgroundtoanearhaltinthetreesfacingtheartificialheatwave.Buttotheresearchers’surprise,thesetreescontinuedtotranspireatclose-to-normallevels,effectivelycoolingthemselvesandtheirsurroundings.Thetreesgrowninwarmerconditionscopedjustaswellastheothers,andphotosynthesisratesbouncedbacktonormalaftertheheatwavepassed,DrakeandhiscolleaguesreportedonlineinGlobalChangeBiology.TheresearchersthinktheParramattaredgumswereabletoeffectivelysweat—evenwithoutphotosynthesis—becausetheyareparticularlygoodattappingintowaterdeepinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought(干旱)weretohitatthesametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.Otherscientistscallthefindingencouraging.“It’sdefinitelygoodnews,”saysTrevorKeenan,anecologistatLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,whowasnotpartofthestudy.“Itwouldbeveryinterestingtoknowhowthistranslatestootherspecies,”headds.DrakehopestoconductsimilarexperimentswithtreescommoninNorthAmerica.38.Howdoesonespeciesofeucalyptustreecopewithextremeheatwaves?A.Byreleasingwater.

B.Byblockingsunlight.C.Byabsorbinggroundwater.

D.Byreducingphotosynthesis.39.Whatdidtheresearchersdoduringtheirstudy?A.Theygrewallthetreesinartificialtemperatures.B.Theyinducedaheatwaveinadozenpodsoftrees.C.Theycreatedclimate-controlledsurroundingsfortrees.D.Theyvariedtrees’conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment.40.Theunderlinedphrase“groundtoanearhalt”inParagraph4means“________”.A.continued

B.substitutedC.strengthened

D.ceased41.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Photosynthesisisnecessaryforthetreestosweat.B.Nofurtherexperimentswillbedoneotherspecies.C.OtherspecieswillbetransplantedtoNorthAmerica.D.Groundwaterhelpsthetreessurvivetheextremeheat.參考答案：38.A

39.C

40.D

41.D這是一篇科普說明文。聯(lián)合國環(huán)境科學與林業(yè)學院的生態(tài)學家JohnDrake和他的同事們通過對紅桉樹做實驗，得出結(jié)論：在極度的高溫中，紅桉樹仍然可以通過釋放水分來抵抗熱浪，獲得生存。38.細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto“sweat”可知，桉樹通過“流汗”，即釋放水分來抵抗極度的熱，故A選項正確。39.細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“EcologistJohnDrake…andhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum…treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.”可知，研究者們將12棵紅桉樹種植在巨大的，氣候受控制