福建省南平市夏道中學(xué)2022年高三英語模擬試卷含解析

福建省南平市夏道中學(xué)2022年高三英語模擬試卷含解析一、選擇題1.(原創(chuàng))Itisnotaneconomicalwaytogetmoreheating;

,itisveryexpensive.

A.insteadof

B.ontheotherhand

C.inaword

D.onthecontrary本題考查介詞詞組含義辨析。參考答案：D略2.________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.A．Havingshown

B．Tobeshown

C．Havingbeenshown

D．Toshow參考答案：C3.--Youappeartohavelostsomeweight.--JustimaginetheweeksoffearI

atthethoughtofthecominginterview.A.willsuffer B.suffered C.havebeensuffering D.wassuffering參考答案：C4.----Wheredoesyourfatherwork,Lucy?----InEngland.Buthe_____inFrancefor8years.A.hasworked.

B.hasbeenworked.

C.havebeenworking.

D.worked.參考答案：D5.It’sreportedthatChinaplans

Hainanintoanewfreetradeportby2025.A.build

B.tobuild

C.building參考答案：B句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，中國(guó)計(jì)劃在2025年底前把海南建成一個(gè)新的自由貿(mào)易港?？疾閯?dòng)詞形式辨析題。plantodo打算/計(jì)劃做某事，固定短語。根據(jù)句意語境，可知選B。6.—Sorryforhavingkeptyouwaiting.Butforthetrafficjam,I___________20minutesearlier.—Nevermind.Ihaven’tbeenwaitingthatlong.A.arrived

B.wouldarrive

C.wouldhavearrived

D.hadarrived參考答案：C7.

passion,peoplewon'thavethemotivationorthejoynecessaryforcreativethinking.A.For. B.Without C.Beneath D.By參考答案：B【詳解】考查介詞辨析。句意：沒有激情，人們就不會(huì)有創(chuàng)新思維所必須的動(dòng)機(jī)和快樂。A.For對(duì)于；B.Without沒有；

C.Beneath在……下面

;D.By通過。沒有激情，人們就不會(huì)有創(chuàng)新思維所必須的動(dòng)機(jī)和快樂。所以空處填介詞without。故填without。8.Thefactory_____hevisitedlastweekisquitedifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.A.where

B.inwhich

C.inthat

D.which參考答案：D9.Idon’tthink__________possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.this

B.that

C.its

D.it參考答案：D10.—Didyouhappentosee______blackand________whitecat?—Isshemissing?Itoldyoutotakecareofher.A.

the,the

B.

the;不填

C.

a;不填

D.

a;the參考答案：B11.Weshouldeducatechildrenandyoungpeopleaboutvaluestocreateasocialatmosphere______promotesmoralityandharmony.A.who

B.what

C.where

D.that參考答案：D12.Everyminutehasbeenmadefull______ofbythegirls______knowledgeaboutetiquertte.A.using;learning

B.use;tolearn

C.touse;tolearn

D.use;learning參考答案：B13.---Mum,whatareyoudoing?

---Yourunclewillcome;Iputa(an)________plateonthedinningtable.

A.more

B.extra

C.another

D.few參考答案：B14.---As____child,myfatheroftenspentallSundaysrelaxingoutdoors,evenplayingforhoursat____time.----That’smyfather’sstory,too.A.a;the

B./;a

C.a;a

D./;the參考答案：C略15.—What’sthecapitalofFinland?—Well，Idon'tknow._____!

A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.You’vegotmethere

C.It’salongstoryD.I’llseetoit參考答案：B16.Inthemonth,heearnedasmuchas,if________than，$40,000.A．nomore

B．notmore

C．nomuch

D．notmuch參考答案：B17.-Whydoyouchoosetoworkinakindergarten?

-Well,youknow,dancingismy_____.Soitismybestchoice.

A.talent

B.ability

C.strength

D.skill參考答案：C二、新的題型18.閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文并回答問題，然后將答案寫到答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上（請(qǐng)注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求）。[1]Oops!Inyourrushtogettoschool,youdropapieceoftoastonthefloor.Doyouthrowitawayordecideit’sstillOKtoeat?Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youeatit.Maybeyoufollowthe“5-secondrule”,whichclaimsfoodsaresafetoeat，ifyoupickthemupwithin5secondsofdroppingthem.Butyoumightwanttothinkagain.Scientistsnowsaythat5secondsareallittakesforfoodstobecomecontaminatedwithenoughbacteriatomakeyousick.[2]Bacteriacancausemanykindsofillnesses.Somekindsofbacteriacangrowonfood.Ifweeatfoodsonwhichthesebacteriaaregrowing,wecanbecomesick.Oneofthesefood-bornebacteriaisSalmonella.Itmakes1.4millionpeoplesickeveryyear.Earlierthisyear,370peoplebecamesickaftereatingpeanutbutterthathadbeencontaminatedwithSalmonellaatthemanufacturingfactory.Salmonellaareoftenfoundinraweggsandchicken.Cookingkillsthesebacteria,whichiswhyitissoimportanttocookeggs,chicken,andotherfoodscarefully.[3]Beingagoodhousekeeperisanothergoodwaytopreventinfection.Ifhouseholdsurfacesaren’twashedthoroughly,theycansupportSalmonellaforweeks.AteamofscientistsatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolinahavetestedthe5-secondrule,usingsandwichingredients.First,theyplacedaknownamountofSalmonellacellsonthreesurfaces:wood,tile,andcarpet.Theythenplacedasliceofbreadandasliceofbologna(博洛尼亞大紅腸)oneachsurfacefor5,30,or60seconds.Afterjust5seconds,boththebreadandbolognapickedupenoughbacteriatomakeyousick.[4]Soforgetthe5-secondrule.Ifyourtoastlandsonthefloor,throwitaway.Stickafreshsliceofbreadinthetoaster.Andthistime,becarefulnottodropit!76.Whatisthe“5-secondrule”mentionedinthefirstparagraph?(nomorethan18words)——————————————————————————————————77.Whyisitimportantforustocookfoodcarefully?(nomorethan5words)——————————————————————————————————78.Whatadviceisgiventopreventinfectioninthelastparagraph?(nomorethan10words)——————————————————————————————————79.WhydidthescientistsatClemsonUniversitycarryoutthattest?(nomorethan15words.)——————————————————————————————————80.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe5-secondrule?(oneword)——————————————————————————————————參考答案：三、閱讀理解19.Accordingtoanewstudy,teensfocusonrewardsandhaveahardtimelearningtoavoidpunishmentorconsidertheconsequencesofalternativeactions.UniversityCollegeLondonresearcherscomparedhowteensandadultslearntomakechoicesbasedontheavailableinformation.Theytrackedthewayinwhich18volunteersaged12-17and20volunteersaged18-32completedtasksinwhichtheyhadtochoosebetweenabstractsymbols.Eachsymbolwasconsistentlyassociatedwithafixedchanceofareward,punishment,ornooutcome.Asthetrialprogressed,participantslearnedwhichsymbolswerelikelytoleadtoeachoutcomeandadjustedtheirchoicesaccordingly.Teensandadultswereequallygoodatlearningtochoosesymbolsassociatedwithreward,butteenswerelessgoodatavoidingsymbolsassociatedwithpunishment.Adultsalsoperformedsignificantlybetterwhentheyweretoldwhatwouldhavehappenediftheyhadchosentheothersymbolaftereachchoice,whileteensdidnotappeartotakethisinformationintoaccount.“Fromthisexperimentallabstudywecandrawconclusionsaboutlearningduringtheteenyears.Wefindthatteensandadultslearnindifferentways,somethingthatmightberelevanttoeducation,"saidleadauthorDr.StefanoPalminteri.“Unlikeadults,teensarenotsogoodatlearningtoadjusttheirchoicestoavoidpunishment.Thissuggeststhatincentivesystemsbasedonrewardratherthanpunishmentmaybemoreeffectiveforthisagegroup.Additionally,wefoundthatteensdidnotlearnfrombeingshownwhatwouldhavehappenediftheymadealternativechoices."Tointerprettheresults,theresearchersdevelopedcomputationalmodelsoflearningandransimulations(模擬)applyingthemtotheresultsofthestudy.Thefirstwasasimplemodel,onethatlearnedfromrewards,andthesecondmodeladdedtothisbyalsolearningfromtheoptionthatwasnotchosen.Thethirdmodelwasthemostcompleteandtookthefullcontextintoaccount,withequalweightgiventopunishmentavoidanceandrewardseeking.Forexample,obtainingnooutcomeratherthanlosingapointisweightedequallytogainingapointratherthanhavingnooutcome.Comparingtheexperimentaldatatothemodels,theteamfoundthatteens"behaviorfollowedthesimplereward-basedmodelwhileadults"behaviormatchedthecomplete,contextualmodel.“Ourstudysuggeststhatteensaremorereceptivetorewardsthantheyaretopunishmentsofequalvalue,”saidseniorauthorDr.Sarah-JayneBlakemore.“Asaresult,itmaybeusefulforparentsandteacherstoframethingsinmorepositiveterms.”1.Itcanbelearnedfromthestudythat______.A.adultsmadechoicesfasterthanteens B.adultsunderstoodrewardsbetterthanteensC.teensreactedbettertorewardthanpunishment D.teenswereawareoftheoutcomeofeachchoice2.Whatdoweknowaboutthethreecomputationalmodels?A.Theyreflectedpeople’sstrongdesireforpunishmentavoidance.B.Theygavecircumstancesdifferentdegreesofconsideration.C.Theypaidequalattentiontorewardandpunishment.D.Theyshapedthebehaviorofpeopleatdifferentages.3.Theunderlinedword“receptive"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans______.A.accustomed B.opposed C.sympathetic D.responsive4.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingstatementsworksbestforteens?A.“Ifyouinsistondoingthingsinthisway,youwilllosetenpoints."B.“Ifwehadtalkedaboutthisearlier,youwouldn’thavemadethemistake."C.“Ifyouhandinyourassignmentaheadoftime,youwillgetanextrabonus."D.“Ifyouwanttoapproachaproblemdifferently,youcantalktoyourparents."參考答案：

1.C;2.B;3.D;4.C1.推理判斷題。題意:從研究中可以看出______。A、成年人比青少年更快地做出選擇。B、成年人比青少年更了解獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。C、青少年對(duì)獎(jiǎng)賞的反應(yīng)比懲罰好。D、青少年知道每個(gè)選擇的結(jié)果。根據(jù)最后一段中"Ourstudysuggeststhatteensaremorereceptivetorewardsthanthe