2024屆山東省聊城市高三下學期二模英語試題

2024年聊城市高考模擬試題英語（二）本試卷分三部分，共8頁。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r100分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWelcometothefascinatingworldofbooks!Whetheryouarealifelongbookwormoraretryingtodevelopaloveforreadinginyourlittleones,the2024MiamiBookFairisforyou.WhenandWhereIstheFair?Thismuch-lovedSouthFloridaeventwillbeheldfromMay12to18,2024attheMDCWolfsonCampusPlazainDowntownMiami.Duringthisweek-longbookfeast,youwillfindagroupofeventsrunningfrommorningtonight.WhattoExpectattheFair?Thisyear,thefairwillfeaturemorethan400celebratedauthorsfromaroundtheworld.Therewillbearichcollectionofwritersandtheirworksofnonfiction,romances,children’sliterature,andalmosteveryothertypeunderthesun.Forgreenwriters,it’saplacetoconnectwiththeirfavoriteeditors.Forbooklovers,it’sanopportunitytogetautographs（親筆簽名）frommanypopularauthorsandaskthemsomequestions.IstheFairKid-Friendly?Absolutely.Farfromaboringculturalevent,thisliteraryfestivalhasfunparent-childreninteractivegamesandeducationaltents.Besides,littlereaderscannotonlyexploreartsandcrafts,butalsoexperiencefacepaintingandbookgiveaways.HowMuchDoestheFairCost?OnFriday,thefairisfree.OnSaturdayorSunday,itis$10foradultsforoneday,oryoucangetatwo-daypassfor$15.Kidsunderage12canattendforfreeandthekidsaged13-18are$5perday.Forpeopleaged62andover,youcanalsogetticketsfor$5.Somarkyourcalendars,headtoDowntownMiami,andenjoyyourselfintheheartofthecity’sliteraryscene.1.Whatcanbeexpectedatthefair?A.Donatingusedbooks. B.Seekingautographsfrompublishers.C.ExploringDowntownMiami. D.Recommendingnewbookstoeditors.2.Howmuchshouldacouplewithaten-year-oldgirlpayfortheSundayfair?A.$10. B.$15. C.$20. D.$25.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertiseforanactivity. B.Toinspirechildren’sloveforreading.C.Toraisemoneyforcharity. D.Todescribealiteraryscene.BItwasn’tuntilIgotintocollegeandtookaclassoncreativewritingthatIbegantotrustmyownmadness.Theprofessorencouragedustocoloroutsidethelinesandtrustourabilitiesasawriter.Wehadweeklysessionswherewereadeachother’sworkandhadtogiveconstructivecriticism.Onourfirstassignment,Istruggledwithgettingmyideasontopaper.IknewthatkindofstoryIwantedtotell,butasareservedyoungman,Iwasterrifiedofjudgementfrommypeers.Iwasafraidtheywouldthinkmywritingwastoodarkorreallymessedup.Butfinally,afterspendinghoursthinkingofmakingthewritingmoresociallyacceptable,IdecidedtowriteitlikeIfeltit.Inthenextcritiquesession,Iwasshockedatthereactionfrommypeers.Therewassomeconstructivecriticism,whichreallyhelpedmeimprove,butoverall,theylovedhowrealisticandconvincingmywritingwas.Attheendoftheclass,theprofessoraskedmeifshecouldusemyassignmentasasampleforherotherclassestoknowthattheycantrusttheirownmadnesswiththeirwriting.ForthefinalwehadahugepaperforwhichwehadtowriteonHenryV.TheprofessorencouragedmetowriteitinthevoiceIhaddevelopedinthecreativewritingclass,soIdid.Theconsequencewasthatshecalleditagraduatelevelpaperandaskedtouseitasanothersample.ThatyearIendedupwinningawritingaward.Ialsoenteredawritingcontestonlineandoutofhundredsofentries,gotanhonorablemention.AndthatwaswhenIdecidedtohaveashotatfiction.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“coloroutsidethelines”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Stressthewords. B.Generatenewideas.C.Addcolortothelines. D.Takerisks.5.Whathappenedwiththeauthor’sfirstassignment?A.Hemesseditup. B.Hedidn’tknowhowtodoit.C.Hefeltinsecureaboutit. D.Headjusteditinanacceptableway.6.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A.Hispeersthoughthiswritingwaspersuasive.B.Hispeerscriticizedhiswritingstyle.C.Theprofessoraskedhimtoteachotherstowrite.D.Hiswritingreachedgraduatelevel.7.Whatwasthesecretoftheauthor’ssuccessinwriting?A.Hispersistenceinwriting. B.Trustinhisownmadness.C.Hisprofessor’sencouragement. D.Constructivecriticismfromhispeers.CAstheclimatecontinuestogetwarmer,theglaciers（冰川）aremeltingandthesealevelsarerising.Asitaffectstheland,mountainsaretallerthanbefore.Howdoesthishappen?Scientistsstudiedthelasticeage,whichoccurred16,000yearsagowhenmuchofEarth’sNorthernHemispherewascoveredinice.Althoughtheicemeltedlongago,Earth’scrust（地殼）isstillrisingandsinkinginreactiontoitspreviousiceageburden.Thismovementiscalledglacialisostaticadjustment（冰川均衡調整）.Scientistsbelievethatanicesheetabout800metersthickcouldcauseadepressionabout275metersdeep,accordingtotheSmithsonianMagazine.“Astheicesheetsbegantomeltaround11,700yearsago,theglaciersclearedlargeandheavymasses,allowingthemountainstoriseup,”USgeologistMikeKaplantoldtheColumbiaClimateSchoolwebsite.RecentstudiessuggestthatlandinsoutheastAlaskaisrisingatarateofabout3centimetersperyear.Familieslivingonthecoastwelcomethis“new”land,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.However,theysoonfindthemselvesinatrap.Asthelandupliftsandcoastalareasmoveawayfromthesea,riverscandryupmoreeasily,makingitharderforthemtoreachthesea.Thiscouldresultinareductioninwaterresources,affectinganimalsandcreatureslivingintherivers.Researchersareconcernedthatthismaymakeachallengetofishermen,asraisingfishintheseareascouldbecomemoredifficult.WhilethedepressionofEarth’scrustspringsbackslowly,once-upliftedareasaresinking.Forexample,a2015studysuggeststhattheChesapeakeBayontheeasterncoastoftheUScouldsinkmorethan15centimetersby2100.Thissinkingtrendalsosuggeststhattheseareasmayexperiencemoresignificantimpactsfromariseinsealevels.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutglacialisostaticadjustment?A.Itmainlyhappenedduringthelasticeage.B.Itcausestheicesheetstomelt.C.Itbecomesaburdenoftheearth.D.Itaffectstheland’sheightabovesealevel.9.Howdothelocalpeopleprobablyfeelaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Concerned. B.Surprised. C.Annoyed. D.Puzzled.10.WhatchallengemighttheChesapeakeBayfaceinthefuture?A.Moreseriousseapollution. B.Lowersealevel.C.Increasedcoastalflooding. D.Rapidlanduplift.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ClimateChangeIsCausingHigherSeaLevelB.MeltingGlaciersAreMakingMountainsTallerC.GlobalWarmingIsAffectingEcosystemD.GlacialMeltingIsPickingUpSpeedDFour-leggedrobotslikeBostonDynamics’SpotandCheetahowealmostalltheirquicknesstofancyfootwork.Inbiology,however,afour-leggedanimal’smovement,flexibility,andcomplexmotorfunctionscomealmostentirelyfromitsspine（脊柱）.Ifartificialspinescouldbeputintosuchdesigns,engineerscouldfindentirelynewapproachestoaccuratemobility.Now,engineersarereportedlyafewstepsfurthertowardsspine-centric,four-leggedbotsthankstoaresearchteam’srat-inspiredrobot.NeRmoisabiomimeticandfour-leggedrobotthatdependsonaninnovativemotor-tendon（運動肌腱的）structuretomovearoundenvironments.Asfaraslooksgo,NeRmomirrorsamouse’sbonesystem.Therobot’ssolidfronthalfhousesitselectronicssystems,whileitslatterhalffunctionsmuchasanactualflexiblespinewould.Artificialtendonspassingthroughthespineaswellastherobot’sarmandkneejointsallowNeRmoevenmoremouselikemovementsalongsidequickerturningtimes.NeRmo’stendonsystempreventedtheneedforanymusclewhilestillallowingforsmoothbendingcapabilities,i.e.side-to-side,andup-and-down.Totesttheirnewdesign,theteamranNeRmothroughaseriesoffourexperimentstodemonstratebalancing,straight-linewalking,quickturning,andmazenavigation.Eachtrialincludedtworounds—onewiththespinalsystemengaged,andtheotherwithitdisabled.Acrosstheboard,NeRmoperformedthetasksbetter,faster,andmoreaccuratelywhenitcombinedthespinewithitsmovements.Mazenavigation,however,wasNeRmo’strueshiningmoment.Withitsspineengaged,themouse-botcompleteditsmazerunsmuchfasterthansimplywanderingthroughwithoutspinalsupport.Althoughstillinitsearlystages,researchersbelievefurtherdesigninvolvingthespinalsystemsinfuturefour-leggedrobotscouldvastlyimprovetheirfunctionality.IfNeRmowasn’tproofenough,thinkofitthisway—MIT’sCheetahcanrun13feetpersecondwithjustonejointcopyingthebendingofthespineforwardandbackward.NeRmo,meanwhile,haseightjoints.12.WhatisthelimitationofBostonDynamics’SpotandCheetah?A.Havinganunattractiveappearance.B.Referringtofewbiologicalbases.C.Havingastrictrangeofapplications.D.Lackingspine-basedmovingaccuracy.13.WhichofthefollowingmakesNeRmomovemorelikemice?A.Thetendonsystem. B.Thebonesystem.C.Themusclesystem. D.Thekneejoint.14.Whatdidthefourtestingexperimentsfind?A.NeRmohadagreatsenseofdirection.B.ThespinalsystembetteredNeRmo’smovement.C.NeRmowithoutanartificialspinelostcontroleasily.D.Artificialspinesgavehopetodisabledanimals.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.PuttingNeRmointousehasdifficultiesinpractice.B.Reducingthenumberofjointsinrobotsisnecessary.C.Applyingspinalsystemstorobotshasapromisingoutlook.D.Creatingmorefour-leggedrobotsisamatteroftime.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theheatandhumidityinsummercanmakeeventhemostdedicatedrunnerswanttostayinside.Herearesometipswhichcanhelpyouremainontrackevenwhentheweatherislessthanideal.First,doremembertostayhydratedwhenrunninginsummer.Whenit’shot,youwillsweatmoreandloseessentialelectrolytes（電解質）.Toavoidheatexhaustion,dizzinessandotherheat-relatedissues,drinkplentyoffluidsbefore,during,andafteryourrun.16Anotherwaytomakesummerrunningeasieristogetanearlystart.Thetemperatureistypicallycoolerinthemorning,andthesunwillbecomemoreintenseasthedaygoeson.17Further,startingyourrunearlywillevenhelpyoumakethemostofyourday.18However,it’sessentialtodressappropriatelyforsummerrunning.Onetipistochooselight-coloredclothing,asdarkercolorsabsorbmoreheat.Youshouldalsolookforfabricsthatarebreathableandquick-drying.Whenrunninginthesummer,payattentiontoyourbody,andtakebreaksasneededincaseofoverexertion（過度負荷）whichcanleadtoheatstroke.19Justslowdownyourusualpaceandfocusonrunningforlong,ratherthantryingtocoveralotofgroundquickly,andyouwillbeabletoenjoyyourrunwhilestayingsafe.Afterahotrun,drinkplentyoffluidsandtakeafewminutestostretch.20Bycoolingdownproperly,you’llbeabletobeattheheat.Inaddition,ithelpstoregulateyourbodytemperatureandpreventmusclesoreness.A.Then,hopinashowerortakeadipinthepool.B.Theheatwillmakeitchallengingtorunoutside.C.Thiswillhelpyoukeepyourbodyfunctioningatitsbest.D.Hence,ontopoftipsabove,it’simportanttopaceyourself.E.Solistentoyourbodyandtakebreaksifyoustartfeelingoverheatedortired.F.Bydoingit,youcanavoidtheheatandcrowdsthatoftenbuilduplaterintheday.G.Astheweathergetswarmer,itcanbetemptingtoputonyourshortsandtanktopforarun.第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。EverySaturdaywetrainedwiththesamemarathonrunningclub.Ihadnoideahewasblindbecausehe21pastmealongsidehisguiderunner.IttookafewweeksbeforeIwas22askinghimwhat,ifanything,hecouldsee.Iwasn’tjust23byhisrunningtimes.Healsohadabeautifulsmilethatlituptheroom.Wehadourfirst24dateclimbingthefamoussandduneonPacificCoastHighway.Eightyearsintoourmarriage,Adriandecidedtolearnto25,sohecouldfulfillhisdreamofcompetinginanIronmantriathlon.Adrian’sfirstlessonwasa26,buthiscoach’senthusiasmwasshort-lived.Hisnextinstructorwaseasytogiveinandrecommendedmyhusband27swimming.So,beingacompetitiveswimmerinhighschool,Iwas28Icouldteachhim.SoonIrealizedhowmuchofa29swimmingwasformyhusband,evenwithatetherrope.Hisprogressateachlessonwasslowbut30.Nearlyamonthlater,hetriedwithoutthetetherrope,but31goinginthewrongdirection.EverytimeIraisedmyvoiceovertheroaringwaveshefeltso32bymyinstructions.FortunatelythesedayswelaughbecauseAdrianisevenfasterthanIam.Hehasgrownmore33withmewhenIhavetoraisemyvoice.I,34,nolongersay,“Youwentthewrongway!”,whichmakeshimfeelbad.Instead,Isay,“Overhere,”towhichhe35,andthenswimsbacktowardme.21.A.jumped B.flew C.rode D.drove22.A.comfortable B.pleased C.awkward D.anxious23.A.influenced B.defeated C.confused D.impressed24.A.easy B.official C.vital D.complete25.A.run B.bike C.swim D.diet26.A.mess B.relief C.success D.disaster27.A.abandon B.keep C.risk D.appreciate28.A.confident B.doubtful C.grateful D.fortunate29.A.benefit B.burden C.regret D.struggle30.A.slim B.steady C.hard D.alarming31.A.gradually B.rarely C.cautiously D.frequently32.A.encouraged B.worried C.frustrated D.surprised33.A.patient B.careful C.popular D.disappointed34.A.infact B.inbrief C.inturn D.inreturn35.A.looks B.nods C.bows D.shouts第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Chineseacrobatic（雜技）datesbacktotheNeolithic,whenancientpeopledevelopeditfromdailylifeforenjoymentandcelebration.Theuseofdailyitemssuchastables,chairs,bowlsandplates36（be）commonintheirperformances.BythetimeoftheHanDynasty,theartofacrobatics37（achieve）greatprogressinbothcontentandvariety.Therewerewonderfulacrobaticperformances38backgroundmusiconthestage.DuringtheTangDynasty,thenumberofacrobatsgreatlyincreasedandtheirskillsimprovedagreatdeal.39（regard）aspartofthenationalheritage,Chineseacrobaticsfeaturestheability40（maintain）balanceinperformancemovements.Forexample,41experiencedacrobatcanwalkon3-meter-highpoleswhilejuggling7bowls.Acrobatscanactlikefishswimming42（smooth）inthewater,birdsflyingthroughtreesandbutterfliesdancingamongflowers,showcasingwonderfulskills43requireyearsofhardtraining.Andtheperformancesreflecthumans’spiritofbravinghardshipsanddangerswhileseeking44（perfect）.ModernChineseacrobaticshassetupadesigninganddirectingsystem.Itisaimedatcreatingbeautifulstageimagesand45（harmony）effectsofmusic,clothing,props,andlightingtobringaboutafullydevelopedstageart.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假定你是李華，得知你校的新西蘭交換生David打算學習中國傳統(tǒng)樂器二胡，但又擔心會影響自己其他課程的學習。請給他寫封郵件，內容包括：1.表示支持；2.給出建議；3.表達愿望。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearDavid,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Themanwaskindofsmall,buttoafive-year-old,hewasagiant.Cherry-scentedsmokefromGrandpa’s