河南省濮陽市創(chuàng)新實驗中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期摸底試題含解析

河南省濮陽市創(chuàng)新實驗中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期摸底試題含解析一、選擇題1.Thesciencecompetitionisagoodopportunitytoshowstudents_____creativitycanaddnewvaluetotheirschoollife.A.where B.whether C.how D.when參考答案：C【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：這個科技競賽是一個很好的可以向?qū)W生展示創(chuàng)新是怎樣能給校園生活增加新價值的機會。A.where在……的地方；B.whether是否；C.how如何；D.when當(dāng)……的時候。此處應(yīng)使用how引導(dǎo)，表示方式。故選C。2.Formorethan25years,TheSimpsonshaswontheheartsoffansinawaythatgoes_______ages,languagesandcultures.A.over

B.through

C.beyond

D.against參考答案：C3.

Heisaforeignerandheisnotaccustomed_______likethatwhilehei8tnChina．A．treating

B．tobetreated

C．tobeingtreated

D．totreat參考答案：C4.Youmaydo______youwantonconditionthatyoustayintheroom.A.whatever

B.nomatterwhat

C.that

D.allwhat參考答案：A5.TheTownHall____inthe1880'swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.

A.completed

B.havingbeencompleted

C.tobecompleted

D.beingcompleted參考答案：A略6.—I’msorry．I________

atyoutheotherday．—Forgetit．Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself．A．shouldn’tshout

B．shouldn’thaveshoutedC．mustn’tshout

D．mustn’thaveshouted參考答案：BA.shouldn’tshout不應(yīng)該大喊；B.shouldn’thaveshouted本不該，對過去發(fā)生的事情感到后悔；C.mustn’tshout不可以喊叫；D.mustn’thaveshouted，這種說法不符合英語的習(xí)慣，多用couldn’t。句意：很抱歉，那天我不該對你大喊。故選B。考點：考查情態(tài)動詞表推測。7.IfI____you,Iwouldjointhearmy.A.am B.was C.were D.wouldbe參考答案：D8.一I’dliketofindapart-timejobintherestaurant.一Goodidea.Inmyopinion，

itdoesn’taffectyourstudies.A.unless

B.nowthat

C.evenif

D.aslongas

參考答案：D9.ThestudentsinvitedtotheHalloweenpartymaydress________theyplease.

A.whatever

B.wherever

C.whenever

D.however參考答案：D10.Theaudiencefixedtheireyesonthemagician,_______abouthowheperformedthemagictrick.A.curious

B.anxious

C.astonished

D.upset參考答案：A11.Helikestomakealistof______shewantstobuybeforeshopping.

A.which B.that C.whether D.what 參考答案：D12.I_____watchforeignmoviesinmysparetime，butIappreciateChineseonesoccasionallyathome.A.nearly B.mostly C.almost D.Partly參考答案：B13.Thearticleopensandcloseswithdescriptionsoftwonewsreports,each_____onemajorpointincontrastwith(和……相比)theother.A.makes

B.made

C.istomake

D.making參考答案：D14.—IhavesomethingimportanttotellJohn.ButIcan’tfindhim.—Hiscellphoneishere,sohe________havegonetoofar.A.mustn’t B.needn’tC.wouldn’t D.can’t參考答案：D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：——我有重要的事情要告訴John，但是我找不到他?！氖謾C在這兒，所以他不可能走得太遠(yuǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是對過去的一種猜測，此處是表達不可能……，用can’thavedone。故選D。15.TheyweresofarawaythatIcouldn’t________theirfacesclearly.A.madeup

B.madefor

C.madeoff

D.makeout參考答案：D16.Beingagoodlistenerisakindofqualityandthat’s

ittakestokeepfriendship．

A．how

B．where

C．which

D．what參考答案：D17.Eitheryouorthepresident_________theprizestothesegiftedwinnersatthemeeting.A.ishandingout

B.aretohandout

C.arehandingout

D.istohandout參考答案：D二、新的題型18.TheCostofThinkingDespitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics.suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals(哺乳動物)weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.I'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(傾骨).It'sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(類人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasalysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreature.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsagodespitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat-eatinganimals.TheCostofThinkingIntroduction?Largebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo___71___ofhumanbeings.The___72___oflargehumanbrains?Thelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseofthecost.?Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.?Theanimalbrainrequiresless___73___whenthebodyisatrest.?

Largehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweakenmuscles.The___74___ofwalkingupright?Walkinguprightmakesiteasytofindfoodor___75___againstenemies.?Freedhandscanservesome___76___purposeandperformcomplextasks.?Walkinguprightchallengesthehumanbonestructure,and

___77___thesizeofbrains.?Walkinguprightresultsin___78___sufferings.Conclusion?Withalargebrain,humanbeings___79___otherbeingsintermsofintelligence.?Weakandmarginal,humanbeingsremained___80___ofmeat-eatinganimals.

參考答案：71.characteristics

72.disadvantages

73.energy

74.impact(s)

75.guard

76.other

77.limits

78.physical

79.beat

80.fearful/afraid本文為記敘文。主要敘述人用大腦思考的代價。人類與動物相比有兩大特點：大大的大腦和直立行走。超大的大腦使人類擁有更高的智商，但卻消耗巨大的能量。直立行走讓人類擅長尋找食物和抵御敵人，解放了的雙手來更復(fù)雜的事。但卻讓人類遭受腰痛和頸部疼痛等。人類成為地球上最強大的動物，享受無與倫比的優(yōu)勢，卻對食肉動物懷有恐懼?！?1題詳解】考查信息歸納。根據(jù)第一段“allhumanbeingssharedefiningcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.”可知，大腦袋和雙腿直立行走的能力是人類共有的特點(characteristics)。故填characteristics。【72題詳解】考查信息歸納。72題就是對第三段內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。第三段主要敘述了人類的大腦大的缺點。因此本空格填寫disadvantages?！?3題詳解】考查信息來源。根據(jù)第三段中的“ahugebrainisahugedrain--consumptionofenergy”以及“It(thebrain)consumes25%ofthebody’senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparisonthebrainsofapesrequireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy”可知，人類巨大的大腦是一個巨大的能量消耗。當(dāng)身體處于休息時，大腦要消耗25%的身體能量。相比之下，類人猿的大腦只需要8%的休息時間能量。人類與動物相比，動物需要的能量（energy）要比人類少。故填energy?！?4題詳解】考查信息歸納題。分析空后的75--78小題所在的第五段和第六段的內(nèi)容可知，此部分主要敘述了直立行走對人類的影響。故填impact(s)。【75題詳解】考查考查信息轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第五段的第一句“Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it’seasiertofindfoodorenemies.”可知，另一個獨特的人類特征是我們直立行走。站起來，更容易找到食物或敵人。找到敵人，就是為了防御敵人。因為or為連詞，在此句中連結(jié)兩個動詞短語，故空格填動詞。“guardagainst...”為固定搭配，意為“防御......”，故本空填寫guard?！?6題詳解】考查信息來源。根據(jù)第五段中的”...theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformoving

aroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.”可知，解放了的雙手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other?！?7題詳解】考查信息歸納。根據(jù)第五段“walkinguprighthasdisadvantages.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonfourandasmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.”可知，直立行走也有缺點。我們祖先進化了上百億年，?骼也只能支撐四肢行走和有一個相對較小的頭。直立行走對人類的骨架是一個相當(dāng)大的挑戰(zhàn)，限制了人的頭腦的大小。故本空填limits?！?8題詳解】考查信息轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)第六段“...,Humankindpaidforitsvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesandpainfulnecks.”可知，直立對人類的骨架是一個相當(dāng)大的挑戰(zhàn)，人類為自己的視力和靈巧的雙手付出了代價，換來的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立導(dǎo)致身體方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)最后一段“Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimal

onearth.”可知，我們假設(shè)大腦越大，優(yōu)勢越大。很明顯，這些使得人類成為地球上最強大的動物。由此可推斷出我們的大腦比動物大，在智力方面人類比動物更聰明，即在智力方面擊敗了(beat)其他動物。故本空填beat?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)最后一段“...humansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyweakandmarginalcreatures.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat--eatinganimals.”可知，盡管人類享受著所有這些優(yōu)勢，但也是弱小的生物。因此盡管擁有巨大的大腦和鋒利的石器，但也曾經(jīng)對食肉動物仍舊害怕/恐懼。因為空前是系動詞，故本空要填形容詞(afraid/fearful)可知，此處要填名詞，故填fearful/afraid。

三、閱讀理解19.DarandIlovedtodance.Itwasprobablythefirstthingwedidtogether,longbeforewewouldshareourlives.WegrewupinasmallOregonmountaincommunitywheredanceswereheldalmosteverySaturdaynight.Darwasseventeen,andlwasthirteen,whenwefirstdanced.Hewasoneofthebestdancersonthefloor,andsowasI.Wealwaysjitterbugged.Noslowdancingforus;nothingremotelyromantic.Ourfatherswouldstandalongthewallandwatch.Everyonceinawhile,Dar'sdadwouldsmilealittleandsay,tonooneinparticular,butmydadcouldhear,

"Boy,mykidcansuredance."Mydadneverblinkedaneye;heactedlikehe'dneverheard.Butawhilelaterhewouldsay,tonooneinparticular,"Thatgirlofminecansuredance."OurdancingtogetherstoppedforfiveyearswhileDarwasintheSouthPacificinWorldWarII.Whenwemetagain,Darwastwenty-two,andlwaseighteen.Webegantodateanddanceagain.Wewereasgoodtogetherasweremembered,andthistimeweaddedslowdancing.Forus,lifeisadance,amovementofrhythms,directions,stumbles,missteps,attimesslowandprecise,orfastandwildandjoyous.Wedidallthesteps.Twonightsbefo