高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語課件專題4NO2題型微技法分類突破語篇填空題

專題四語篇填空NO.2題型微技法?分類突破語篇填空題維度1維度2目錄索引0102維度303維度404維度1自主練透送分點(diǎn)——介詞、代詞、冠詞技法1填介詞——依據(jù)用法和搭配判定foraswith/to?解題攻略第一步:確定是否填介詞首先,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語或動(dòng)詞的賓語時(shí),其前面一般填介詞。第二步:根據(jù)句意及固定搭配確定答案分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)空處在名詞前后時(shí),應(yīng)考慮名詞與介詞的搭配;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)空處在不及物動(dòng)詞后名詞前時(shí),應(yīng)考慮動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配;分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)空處在形容詞后名詞前時(shí),應(yīng)考慮形容詞與介詞的搭配。技法2填冠詞——依據(jù)用法和搭配判定[典例印證]1.(2023新高考全國Ⅱ卷)Not

the

pandas,even

though

language

used

for

the

medical

training

instructions

is

actually

English.

2.(2021新高考全國Ⅰ卷)While

you’re

in

China,Mount

Huangshan

is

must

to

visit!

3.(2021全國甲卷)Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoall

wayaroundtheXi’anCityWall.

theathe?解題攻略第一步:確定是否填冠詞首先,看空格后是否有名詞或“形容詞+名詞”,且名詞在句中作主語、賓語或表語,沒有其他限定詞時(shí),一般需要填冠詞。第二步:判斷特指還是泛指(1)若空格后有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表示泛指時(shí),應(yīng)考慮不定冠詞a/an。a用于發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的名詞前,an用于發(fā)音以元音音素開頭的名詞前。(2)若發(fā)現(xiàn)空格后有名詞,表示特指時(shí),應(yīng)考慮定冠詞the。第二次提到名詞時(shí)表特指,用定冠詞the;當(dāng)名詞前后有定語修飾時(shí),大多數(shù)情況表特指,用定冠詞the。(3)看是否是固定搭配。技法3填代詞——依據(jù)一致關(guān)系和句子成分確定itsit?解題攻略第一步:確定填何種形式的代詞根據(jù)代詞充當(dāng)?shù)某煞诌M(jìn)行判斷:1.如果空處位于賓語或表語位置,一般用人稱代詞的賓格、反身代詞或者名詞性物主代詞。2.如果空處作定語,常用形容詞性物主代詞。3.根據(jù)語境考慮人稱代詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。第二步:根據(jù)句意和修飾關(guān)系確定答案1.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)指代上文中所提到的人或物時(shí),應(yīng)考慮用相應(yīng)的代詞。2.發(fā)現(xiàn)句子缺少形式主語或形式賓語時(shí),應(yīng)考慮用it。課堂應(yīng)用inforasanatheaitthemitintroducingChildrenlikeplayingmake-believeandenjoyinventingavarietyofcharacterswhile2.

(absorb)inimaginativeplay.Cookinggamesareanexcellentwaytostimulateimaginativeplay.Childrencanactoutreal-lifesituationsandbehaviorsthroughpretendplayandimprove3.

(they)increativity.Furthermore,pretendplayinthekitchenhelpskidslearnthingslikeproblem-solving,creativethinking,visual4.

(recognize),andsoon.

absorbedthemselvesrecognitionVariouscookinggamesforchildrenthatareavailableonline5.

(be)morethanjustafunpastimeactivity.Theyprovideanumberofeducationalbenefitsaswell.Freeonlinecookinggamessurgekids6.

(try)newthingsandthinkoutsidetheboxbylettingthemexperiment7.

ingredients,recipes,andpreparationmethods.8.

(addition),manyfreecookinggamesonlinerequirekidstoperformvariouskitchentasksorreadtherecipesandthenfollowtheinstructivetips.Whenkidstaketheinitiativeandfinishatask,theyfeelproudof9.

theyhaveundertaken.Playingfreecookinggamesonlinecanalsohelpkidslearnessentialskills,teachthem10.

tobesafeinthekitchen,andincreasetheirgeneralknowledgeabouttheworld.

areto

trywithAdditionallywhathow[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了網(wǎng)上提供的免費(fèi)在線烹飪游戲給孩子們帶來的好處。答案與解析

1.introducing

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:因?yàn)槭澄锖团腼兪俏覀內(nèi)粘Ｉ畹幕窘M成部分,所以在孩子很小的時(shí)候向他們介紹烹飪對他們的體驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)至關(guān)重要。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處在句中與后面的cooking

to

children

at

a

young

age一起作主語,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故填introducing。2.absorbed

考查狀語從句省略。句意:孩子們喜歡玩假裝游戲,喜歡創(chuàng)造各種各樣的角色,沉浸在想象的游戲中。分析句子可知,句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞,設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語,邏輯主語Children與動(dòng)詞absorb之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞形式,此處是while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的省略,完整句子為while

they

are

absorbed

in

imaginative

play,當(dāng)主從句主語一致,且從句謂語中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),可將從句主語和be動(dòng)詞省略。故填absorbed。3.themselves

考查反身代詞。句意:孩子們可以通過假裝游戲來表演現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的情景和行為,提高自己的創(chuàng)造力。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處在句中作賓語,結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示“提高他們自己的創(chuàng)造能力”,應(yīng)用反身代詞themselves。故填themselves。4.recognition

考查名詞。句意:此外,在廚房里假裝游戲可以幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)諸如解決問題、創(chuàng)造性思維、視覺識別等能力。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處位于形容詞visual后,受其修飾,此處表示“視覺識別”,應(yīng)用名詞,故填recognition。5.are

考查主謂一致。句意:網(wǎng)上提供的各種兒童烹飪游戲不僅僅是一種有趣的消遣活動(dòng)。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處在句中作謂語,根據(jù)句意及從句謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)可知,此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語Various

cooking

games為復(fù)數(shù)形式,故be動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are。6.to

try

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:免費(fèi)的在線烹飪游戲通過讓孩子們用食材、食譜和制作方法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),讓他們嘗試新事物,跳出思維框架。分析句子可知,句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞,設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語,邏輯主語kids與動(dòng)詞try之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且表示將來,應(yīng)用不定式。故填to

try。7.with

考查介詞。句意:免費(fèi)的在線烹飪游戲通過讓孩子們用食材、食譜和制作方法來進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),讓他們嘗試新事物,跳出思維框架。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示“用食材、食譜和制作方法來進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)”,應(yīng)用介詞with,表示具體、有形的方式方法。8.Additionally

考查副詞。句意:此外,許多免費(fèi)的在線烹飪游戲要求孩子們執(zhí)行各種廚房任務(wù)或閱讀食譜,然后按照指導(dǎo)性的提示。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處在句中修飾后面整個(gè)句子,作狀語,應(yīng)用副詞;設(shè)空處位于句首,需首字母大寫。故填A(yù)dditionally。9.what

考查賓語從句。句意:當(dāng)孩子們主動(dòng)完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)時(shí),他們會(huì)為自己所做的事情感到自豪。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處在句中引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句,從句中缺少賓語,結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示他們所做的事,故填what。10.how

考查疑問詞。句意:玩免費(fèi)的在線烹飪游戲也可以幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)基本技能,教他們?nèi)绾卧趶N房里保持安全,并增加他們對世界的一般了解。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處與后面的to

be

safe

in

the

kitchen在句中作teach的直接賓語,結(jié)合句意可知,此處應(yīng)指“教他們?nèi)绾卧趶N房里保持安全”,應(yīng)用疑問副詞how連接,此處是“疑問詞+to

do不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)。故填how。維度2精準(zhǔn)突破保分點(diǎn)——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換(名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞)和比較等級類型1詞性轉(zhuǎn)換技法1

如何判定填名詞[典例印證](2022全國乙卷)As

a

main

promoter

of

the

International

Tea

Day,the

birthplace

of

tea

and

the

64.largest(large)

tea-producing

country,China

has

a

65.

(responsible)

to

work

with

other

countries

to

promote

the

healthy

development

of

the

tea

industry.

[解題步驟]第一步:確定是否考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換提示詞為形容詞,句中有謂語動(dòng)詞has,考慮空格處作has的賓語,故考慮詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。第二步:確定轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞分析句子成分,根據(jù)空前的不定冠詞“a”可知,此處填名詞。responsibility?技法點(diǎn)撥第一步:確定是否考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換提示詞為動(dòng)詞,如果既不是謂語動(dòng)詞,也不是非謂語動(dòng)詞,則考慮轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。提示詞為形容詞,且作動(dòng)詞的賓語,則考慮轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。第二步:確定轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)以及空格所缺成分進(jìn)一步分析,如果作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語或作主語,動(dòng)詞常轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞。3.-r/-er/-or結(jié)尾的名詞perform→performer表演者educate→educator教育家4.-ure結(jié)尾的名詞fail→failure失敗;失敗者mix→mixture混合;混合物press→pressure壓力depart→departure離開;啟程技法2

如何判定填形容詞和副詞[典例印證1](2023全國乙卷)

The

(remark)

development

of

this

city,which

is

consciously

designed

to

protect

the

past

while

stepping

into

the

modern

world,means

there

is

always

something

new

to

discover

here,and

I

could

be

photographing

Beijing

for

the

next

50

years.

[解題步驟]第一步:確定詞性空處在句中作定語,修飾名詞development,應(yīng)用形容詞。第二步:確定詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的形式remark為動(dòng)詞,其形容詞在詞尾加-able。remarkable[典例印證2](2023新高考全國Ⅱ卷)So,what

are

they

learning?

(basic),how

to

describe

a

panda’s

life.

[解題步驟]第一步:確定詞性分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處修飾整個(gè)句子應(yīng)用副詞形式。由于本空位于句首,首字母需要大寫。第二步:確定詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的形式basic為形容詞,其副詞形式要在詞尾加-ally。Basically?技法點(diǎn)撥第一步:確定詞性及其變化分析句子成分,若修飾名詞或在句中作表語、補(bǔ)足語應(yīng)用形容詞;若修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語或整個(gè)句子用副詞;若根據(jù)句意和修飾關(guān)系,詞性不變,且有比較級或最高級含義則考慮填比較等級。第二步:確定詞性轉(zhuǎn)換[知識回顧]1.名詞變形容詞(1)名詞+-al:national,personal(2)名詞+-y:sunny,healthy(3)名詞+-ly:monthly,motherly(4)名詞+-ous:humorous,mountainous,poisonous(5)名詞+-ial:beneficial,influential(6)名詞+-en:golden,wooden,woolen(7)名詞+-ful:peaceful,successful(8)名詞+-ed:delighted,skilled(9)名詞+-ic/-(a)tic:energetic,historic2.動(dòng)詞變形容詞(1)動(dòng)詞+-ful:cheerful,thankful(2)動(dòng)詞+-less:endless,aimless(3)動(dòng)詞+-able:adjustable,suitable(4)動(dòng)詞+-ive:attractive,impressive(5)動(dòng)詞+-(e)d:determined,amazed(6)動(dòng)詞+-ing:inspiring,appealing3.形容詞變副詞規(guī)律(1)一般(輔音或“輔音+e”)在單詞詞尾直接加-ly:politely,quickly(2)“元音字母+e”結(jié)尾的單詞去e加-ly:truly(3)“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞變y為i加-ly:happily,healthily(4)以“l(fā)e”結(jié)尾的單詞把e變成y:possibly,probably(5)以“ic”結(jié)尾的單詞要加-ally:economically,basically注意:whole→whollypublic→publicly課堂應(yīng)用Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.(2023江蘇南京模擬)Theyhavedevelopedan

(advance)systemthatcangrowplantsanywhere,eveninspace.

2.(2023蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市調(diào)研)Sincemanyofthe

(origin)featuresofthegardenhavebeenpreserved,thegardenhasahighhistoricalandartisticvalue.3.(2023遼寧縣級重點(diǎn)高中一模)Itwasan

(ambition)planandhewaslaughedatbythevillagersforit.

4.(2023福建四地市一測)Parentsandteachersalikemaintainthat

(silent)isimportantwhenlearning,whereasyoungstersinsistthattheirfavouritesoundshelpthemconcentrate.

advancedoriginalambitioussilenceappointmentfiercelySimilarlypossiblyⅡ.語篇填空(2023浙江東陽5月模擬)OneofthegreatdelightsofXi’anistoexploreitsnightlifeandentertainment.Itgivesvisitorsa1.

(memory)experienceoflifeinthecitybothasitwaslongagoandasitistoday.memorableandprovidingwhereringsitasymbolizeplayed3.providing

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:整晚,鐘樓和鼓樓都燈火通明,為傳統(tǒng)的中餐館和明亮的現(xiàn)代購物中心提供了引人注目的環(huán)境,霓虹燈與街道照明相結(jié)合,將色彩和運(yùn)動(dòng)融為一體,呈現(xiàn)出一幅生動(dòng)的神奇畫面?？瞻滋幵诰渥又凶鳡钫Z,與邏輯主語both

the

Bell

Tower

and

Drum

Tower構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,使用現(xiàn)在分詞,故填providing。4.where

考查定語從句。句意:同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),這是一個(gè)包含定語從句的復(fù)合句,先行詞為shopping

malls,因空白處在定語從句中作狀語表示地點(diǎn),使用where引導(dǎo)定語從句,故填where。5.rings

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:當(dāng)鐘樓上的鐘聲響起時(shí),你可以想象自己站在這個(gè)城市里,就像幾個(gè)世紀(jì)前一樣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空白處在句子中作謂語,因句子表達(dá)的是一個(gè)客觀情況,謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因主語為單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)第三人稱形式,故填rings。6.it

考查代詞。句意:同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空白處在句子中作主語,代替上文提到的名詞Bell

Tower,根據(jù)代詞的用法,當(dāng)同一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞再次在文中出現(xiàn)時(shí),使用it代替,故填it。7.a

考查冠詞。句意:如果你想享受一個(gè)更傳統(tǒng)的中國夜晚,那么唐朝晚宴是必不可少的,它的音樂和舞蹈象征著中華文明的榮耀。根據(jù)名詞的用法,名詞前需使用不定冠詞,表示“一種”含義,此處must在句子中作表語,為名詞,表示“一件必不可少的事”,故填a。8.symbolize

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意:同上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空白處在句子中作謂語,應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞,因句子表達(dá)的是一個(gè)客觀情況,謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語為

its

music

and

dance,謂語用原形。故填symbolize。類型2詞形變化技法1

名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)[典例印證1](2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷)The

GPNP’s

main

goal

is

to

improve

connectivity

between

separate

(population)

and

homes

of

giant

pandas,and

eventually

achieve

a

desired

level

of

population

in

the

wild.

[解題步驟]第一步:利用名詞前的修飾語,確定名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式提示詞為名詞population,空前的separate意為“不同的”,由此可知應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。第二步:根據(jù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則,確定單詞的正確形式population的復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)在其后加-s。

populations[典例印證2](2023新高考全國Ⅱ卷)They

also

need

to

be

ready

to

give

(interview)

in

English

with

international

journalists.

[解題步驟]第一步:利用語境中的關(guān)鍵詞,確定名詞的數(shù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處作動(dòng)詞give的賓語,需要用名詞。根據(jù)空后的“with

international

journalists”可知,空處表示復(fù)數(shù)意義。第二步:根據(jù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則,確定單詞的正確形式interview的復(fù)數(shù)形式應(yīng)在其后加-s。interviews?技法點(diǎn)撥提示詞是名詞,分析句子成分后發(fā)現(xiàn)詞性不需改變,則考慮名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,同時(shí)注意不規(guī)則變化的情況。1.利用語境中的關(guān)鍵詞,如句中有暗示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞,確定名詞的數(shù)。2.利用名詞前的修飾語,確定名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1)有these、those、some、many、all、both、anumberof、several、hundredsof等詞修飾時(shí),名詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)名詞前有one

of、among

時(shí),名詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(3)名詞前有形容詞different、various、separate等時(shí),名詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.利用謂語的數(shù)確定名詞的數(shù)所填名詞作主語,且謂語動(dòng)詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式are、were、have等時(shí),名詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。[知識回顧]名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則(1)大部分單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)要加-s;如果是以ch,sh,s,x等結(jié)尾的單詞,則加-es。注意:-th結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)加-s。(2)“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞,變y為i再加-es;但“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的單詞,則直接加-s。(3)以o結(jié)尾的單詞除了一人(hero)、兩菜(tomato,potato)加-es外,其余一般加-s。(4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞,通常加-s,但以下名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),把f,fe變?yōu)関再加-es:thief,leaf。(5)特殊變化:man→men

woman→womentooth→teeth

mouse→micefoot→feet

child→children

(6)單復(fù)數(shù)同形:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish(表數(shù)量時(shí)),series,means。技法2

名詞變?yōu)樗懈馵典例印證](2022新高考全國Ⅱ卷)“He

saved

my

(son)

life,”

said

Mrs

Brown.“I

don’t

know

how

to

thank

him.”

[解題步驟]第一步:分析提示詞和后面名詞的關(guān)系提示詞與life為所屬關(guān)系,因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞所有格。第二步:根據(jù)名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方式,確定單詞的正確形式son的所有格形式應(yīng)在其后加’s。

?技法點(diǎn)撥提示詞與后面的名詞為所屬關(guān)系,應(yīng)考慮名詞所有格。[知識回顧]單數(shù)名詞或不以s

結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,在詞尾加’s;以s

結(jié)尾的單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞,在詞尾加’。son’s技法3

基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞[典例印證](2023全國甲卷)Fables

were

part

of

the

oral

tradition

of

many

early

cultures,and

the

well-known

Aesop’s

fables

date

to

the

(six)

century,B.C.

[解題步驟]第一步:分析提示詞和后面名詞的關(guān)系century意為“世紀(jì)”,其前加序數(shù)詞表示順序。第二步:根據(jù)序數(shù)詞的拼寫形式,確定答案。six的序數(shù)詞應(yīng)在其后加-th。?技法點(diǎn)撥序數(shù)詞是由基數(shù)詞在詞尾+-th構(gòu)成,表示順序的數(shù)詞。它的前面一般要用定冠詞the。sixth[知識回顧]序數(shù)詞一般是由基數(shù)詞后加-th變化而來。four(四)—fourth(第四)ten

(十)—tenth(第十)thirteen(十三)—thirteenth(第十三)

但要記住以下特殊情況:1.一、二、三,單獨(dú)記one—first;two—second;three—third2.八去t,九除e,ve要用f替eight(八)—eighth(第八)nine(九)—ninth(第九)five(五)—fifth(第五)twelve(十二)—twelfth(第十二)3.整十基數(shù)變序數(shù),先把ty變成tietwenty(二十)—twentieth(第二十)thirty(三十)—thirtieth(第三十)forty(四十)—fortieth(第四十)fifty(五十)—fiftieth(第五十)技法4

形容詞、副詞由原級變?yōu)楸容^級和最高級[典例印證](2022全國甲卷)In

the

last

five

years,Cao

has

walked

through

34

countries

in

six

continents,and

in

2016,he

reached

the

top

of

Kilimanjaro,

Africa’s

(high)

mountain.

[解題步驟]第一步:利用修飾詞確定比較范圍根據(jù)空前Africa’s可知,此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈,應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級。第二步:利用比較等級的構(gòu)成方式,確定單詞的正確形式high的最高級形式應(yīng)在其后加-est。highest?技法點(diǎn)撥提示詞是形容詞或副詞,根據(jù)語境和句意,該詞詞性不變時(shí),則可能填該詞的比較級或最高級。1.等級判定看標(biāo)志(1)題目中有much,far,still,even,rather,alittle,abit,alot,agreatdeal,than等標(biāo)志性詞匯時(shí),用比較級。(2)空后有表示范圍的標(biāo)志詞in,of,among等時(shí),用最高級。(3)空前有oneofthe,the+序數(shù)詞等修飾詞時(shí),用最高級。2.利用固定句型(1)“the+比較級,the+比較級”表示“越……,就越……”。(2)“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。(3)“否定詞+比較級”表示最高級含義。3.利用隱含信息判斷句中雖沒有than等標(biāo)志詞,但暗含比較級或最高級,也需要用比較級或最高級。[知識回顧]形容詞、副詞變比較級或最高級

構(gòu)成法原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞,末尾加-er,-esttallgreattallergreatertallestgreatest以不發(fā)音的-e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r,-stnicesimplenicersimplernicestsimplest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞,雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母,再加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest構(gòu)成法原級比較級最高級“以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,變y為i,再加-er,-esteasybusyeasierbusiereasiestbusiest少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,末尾加-er,-estclevernarrowcleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在前面加more,most來構(gòu)成比較級和最高級importanteasilymoreimportantmoreeasilymostimportantmosteasily課堂應(yīng)用researchers’lowerless4.(2023遼寧協(xié)作體一模)The

(old)knowncoinfactoryintheworldhasbeendiscoveredinChina.

5.(2023山東菏澤模擬)Forexample,about70percentofthe

(material)usedintheGameswereobtainedthroughrenting,includingnewsportingequipment,furnitureintheOlympicvillageandtechnicaldevices.

6.(2023湖南郴州模擬)Itiswidelyconsideredthatthesesocial

(policy)willdefinitelyimprovethewell-beingofChinesechildren.

oldestmaterialspoliciesⅡ.語篇填空(2023四川南充三診)ThekiteisasymboloftheChinesehandicraft.1.

(fly)akiteisaverypopularactivityinallgenerationsinChina.Itiseasytofindthescene,wheretherearelargenumbersofpeoplegatheringinthesquaresandholdinglines2.

(control)beautifulkitesinthebluesky.

Flyingto

controlwhenais

celebratedhave

joinedTeamsfromhomeandabroadgatherheretofly7.

(they)well-designedkitestothesky.Apart8.

thetraditionalpatternssuchasswallows,butterflies,andtriangles,youwillbeamazedbythe9.

(create)thinkingshowninthesekites.Thereareanimalslikefish,dragons,dolphins,cartoon10.

(figure)likeFlowerFairies,Supermen,andothershapeslikespaceships,andsatellites.PeoplesaythereisnothingyoucannotflytotheskyinWeifang.

theirfromcreativefigures[語篇解讀]本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了山東濰坊的風(fēng)箏節(jié)的歷史以及目前的特色。答案與解析

1.Flying

考查動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)名詞作主語,應(yīng)用flying,設(shè)空處在句首,首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Flying。2.to

control

考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句中,其謂語為are,設(shè)空處為非謂語,作目的狀語,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式。故填to

control。3.when

考查定語從句。此處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,先行詞為spring,在從句中作時(shí)間狀語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)從句。故填when。4.a

考查冠詞。a

good

time為“一個(gè)好時(shí)機(jī)”表示泛指,good以輔音音素開頭,應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。5.is

celebrated

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處考查非限制性定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞,celebrate與其邏輯主語,即先行詞“the

world-famous

Weifang

International

Kite

Festival”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài),陳述客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),先行詞為第三人稱單數(shù),故助動(dòng)詞為is。故填is

celebrated。6.have

joined

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語

“Since

1984”可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語為“dozens

of

countries

and

regions”,為復(fù)數(shù),助動(dòng)詞用have。故填have

joined。7.their

考查形容詞性物主代詞。主語為“Teams

from

home

and

abroad”,為第三人稱作主語,為復(fù)數(shù),故名詞短語“well-designed

kites”前用形容詞性物主代詞their。故填their。8.from

考查介詞。此處考查介詞短語apart

from,意為“除……之外”,后接賓語

“the

traditional

patterns”,介詞短語作狀語。設(shè)空處應(yīng)填介詞from。故填from。9.creative

考查形容詞。修飾名詞thinking,應(yīng)用形容詞creative,意為“有創(chuàng)造力的,有想象力的”,作前置定語。故填creative。10.figures

考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。名詞figure意為“(繪畫或模型中)人像”,為可數(shù)名詞,后接介詞短語“l(fā)ike

Flower

Fairies,Supermen”,故應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù),與“fish,dragons,dolphins”并列,作like的賓語。cartoon

figures意為“卡通形象,卡通人物”。故填figures。維度3高效攻克搶分點(diǎn)(1)——謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞角度1一個(gè)等式,巧判語篇填空謂語&非謂語謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞為語法填空的必考內(nèi)容,近年高考在題目設(shè)置上增加了句式結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性和干擾性,突出考查考生在準(zhǔn)確理解語境的基礎(chǔ)上正確分析句法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力,使得判斷謂語還是非謂語的難度增加。使用如下等式可以幫助考生在無法區(qū)分句子結(jié)構(gòu)的情況下巧妙判定謂語和非謂語。注意

在這個(gè)等式中,and等并列連詞的數(shù)只有在連接并列句或并列謂語時(shí)才計(jì)入。[典例印證1]One

possible

explanation

is

the

8-hour

day

movement,which

started

in

Australia,Britain

and

America

in

1850,and

(base)

around

the

idea

that

the

working

man

needed

8

hours

of

work,8

hours

of

leisure

and

8

hours

of

sleep

within

a

24-hour

period.

wasbased?解題攻略第一步:巧借等式判類型該句中有三個(gè)連接詞——which、and和that,按照上面“注意”的解釋,“Australia,BritainandAmerica”“8hoursofwork,8hoursofleisureand8hoursofsleep”中的and連接的不是并列句或并列謂語,不計(jì)數(shù)。由等式“謂語數(shù)=連接詞數(shù)+1”可知,句中應(yīng)有四個(gè)謂語,句中已有三個(gè)謂語is、started和needed,由此可以判定,設(shè)空處應(yīng)為謂語。第二步:結(jié)合語境定形式關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞the8-hourdaymovement,與base之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且根據(jù)上下文語境可知,該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。[典例印證2]He

said

that

China

and

Italy

are

two

countries

with

vibrant

culture

and

have

made

great

contributions

to

the

progress

of

humanity,

(add)

that

the

cultural

relation

is

an

important

bond

that

links

the

people

of

the

two

countries.

adding?解題攻略第一步:巧借等式判類型

該句中有四個(gè)連詞——that、and、that和that,按照等式“謂語數(shù)=連接詞數(shù)+1”可知,句中應(yīng)有五個(gè)謂語,句中已有五個(gè)謂語,即said、are、havemade、is和links,由此可以判定,設(shè)空處應(yīng)使用非謂語動(dòng)詞。第二步:結(jié)合語境定形式分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處為非謂語動(dòng)詞作伴隨狀語,動(dòng)詞add和He之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞。

故填adding。角度2如何判定謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)技法1“5種方法”解決時(shí)態(tài)問題(1)通過“標(biāo)志性狀語”解決時(shí)態(tài)問題[典例印證](2022全國甲卷)In

the

last

five

years,Cao

(walk)

through

34

countries

in

six

continents,and

in

2016,he

reached

the

top

of

Kilimanjaro,Africa’s

highest

mountain.

?分析

根據(jù)空前的時(shí)間狀語In

the

last

five

years可知,此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語Cao為第三人稱單數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。haswalked?技法點(diǎn)撥在題干中,yesterday,tomorrow,always,since,inthepastfewyears,overtheyears,by+時(shí)間,sofar等都是動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)常用的標(biāo)志性狀語,做題時(shí)可以通過尋找這些標(biāo)志性狀語來判定時(shí)態(tài)。(2)通過“并列謂語動(dòng)詞”解決時(shí)態(tài)問題[典例印證](2020全國Ⅲ卷)When

he

asked

the

villagers

on

the

banks

of

the

river

where

he

could

find

the

legendary(傳奇的)

artist,they

smiled

and

(point)

down

the

river.?分析

and連接兩個(gè)并列謂語動(dòng)詞,前后時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)一致。?技法點(diǎn)撥當(dāng)句中有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的動(dòng)詞時(shí),它們之間可能是同時(shí)發(fā)生,也可能有一定的先后關(guān)系,我們可以根據(jù)這種謂語動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系來判定時(shí)態(tài)。同一個(gè)主語的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列謂語,謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)要一致。pointed(3)通過“語境暗示”解決時(shí)態(tài)問題[典例印證](2023新高考全國Ⅱ卷)As

a

little

girl,I

(wish)

to

be

a

zookeeper

when

I

grew

up.Now,I’m

living

out

that

dream

indirectly

by

helping

the

panda

keepers

do

their

job

in

English.

?分析

根據(jù)空前的“As

a

little

girl”和空后的“when

I

grew

up”

“Now,I’m

living

out

that

dream”可知,空處講的是作者小時(shí)候的愿望,故時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。?技法點(diǎn)撥有些題目在時(shí)間狀語和其他參照物都不明顯的情況下,通過“語境暗示”,正確分析語境也是解決時(shí)態(tài)問題的一條行之有效的方法。wished(4)通過“時(shí)態(tài)定義”解決時(shí)態(tài)問題[典例印證](2021浙江6月卷)After

Lincoln

was

elected

President

of

the

US

in

1861,they

rented

the

house

and

(sell)

most

of

their

furniture.

?分析

這里描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。?技法點(diǎn)撥準(zhǔn)確理解?？紩r(shí)態(tài)的定義是做題的根本。sold(5)通過“固定句式”解決時(shí)態(tài)問題[典例印證](天津卷改編)I

(drive)

down

to

London

when

I

suddenly

found

that

I

was

on

the

wrong

road.

?分析

此處是be

doing...when...結(jié)構(gòu),意為“正在做……,這時(shí)(突然)……”;由平行的謂語動(dòng)詞was可知,應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。?技法點(diǎn)撥掌握常用句式也是解決時(shí)態(tài)問題的快速且行之有效的方法,因此平時(shí)要多積累,并熟記一些常用句式。wasdriving技法2通過“邏輯關(guān)系”解決語態(tài)問題[典例印證](2021浙江1月卷)It

is

calculated

by

dividing

a

person’s

weight

in

kg

by

their

height

in

meters

squared,and

a

BMI

of

between

19

and

25

(consider)

healthy.

?分析

句中含有連詞and,此空應(yīng)是句子的謂語;根據(jù)前半句的It

is可判斷,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);且根據(jù)句意“19到25之間的BMI(體重指數(shù))被認(rèn)為是健康值”可知,BMI與consider之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。?技法點(diǎn)撥有時(shí)候做題時(shí),我們對于時(shí)態(tài)問題比較關(guān)注,但往往忽略了語態(tài),因此我們可以采用“先語態(tài)、后時(shí)態(tài)”的方式。解決語態(tài)問題主要是根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞與句子主語之間的邏輯關(guān)系,二者為主動(dòng)關(guān)系用主動(dòng)語態(tài),是被動(dòng)關(guān)系則用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。isconsidered技法3“3原則”解決主謂一致問題(1)“語法一致”原則[典例印證](2020全國Ⅰ卷)Carle

Pieters,a

scientist

at

Brown

University,says,“because

it

67

(mean)

we

have

the

chance

to

obtain

information

about

how

the

moon

68

(construct).”[自主解答]67.

68.

?分析

67.根據(jù)題干中的says可判斷,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語it為第三人稱單數(shù),根據(jù)“語法一致”原則,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。68.整句話的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);由主語the

moon可知,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù),且the

moon與construct之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。meansisconstructed?技法點(diǎn)撥1.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。2.在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞that,who,which等作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。3.單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式、名詞性從句作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。但what引導(dǎo)的主語從句表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。4.主語后跟有with,togetherwith,aswellas,but,except,alongwith,ratherthan等連接另一主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語保持一致。(2)“意義一致”原則[典例印證](2020天津卷改編)The

number

of

medical

schools

reached

18

in

the

early

1990s

and

(remain)

around

that

level

ever

since.

?分析

根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語ever

since可知,需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而句子主語是The

number

of

medical

schools,所以謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)。hasremained(3)“就近一致”原則[典例印證](2021北京卷)There

(be)

a

dramatic

rise

in

the

number

of

extreme

weather

events

over

the

past

20

years,caused

largely

by

rising

global

temperatures...

?分析

根據(jù)over

the

past

20

years可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);主語為a

dramatic

rise,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。?技法點(diǎn)撥1.由either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...butalso...等連接的并列主語或者在therebe句型中,謂語動(dòng)詞常與最鄰近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。2.在therebe句型中,若有幾個(gè)并列成分作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由最鄰近的主語決定。hasbeen角度3如何確定非謂語動(dòng)詞技法1如何確定作主語和表語的非謂語動(dòng)詞

考查方向解題攻略非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語1.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),找到句子的謂語部分,其前設(shè)空可能是缺少主語。如果是不具體的抽象的動(dòng)作一般用-ing形式作主語;如果是具體的動(dòng)作一般用不定式作主語。2.掌握一些it充當(dāng)形式主語,動(dòng)詞-ing形式/不定式作真正主語的句型,常見句型見下面的“注意”。典例印證1.

(carry)alargequantityofcashcouldputtheownerindangerasrobberiesquiteoftenhappenedalongtheway.

2.(2019全國Ⅲ卷)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake

(get)there.3.(2021全國甲卷)Itispossible

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.

Carryingtogettowalk考查方向解題攻略典例印證非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語1.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,意為“令人感到……的”。2.動(dòng)名詞作表語,表示對主語內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步說明和解釋。3.過去分詞作表語,意為“本身感到……的”。4.不定式作表語,表將來或目的。4.(2023江蘇鎮(zhèn)江質(zhì)檢)Thedayis

(celebrate)theimportanceandroleofphilosophyinourlives.

5.(2018全國Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel

(challenge).

6.Bioprintingmaybearelativelynewfieldbuttheresultssofarare

(encourage).

tocelebratechallengedencouraging注意

it充當(dāng)形式主語,常見的動(dòng)詞-ing形式/不定式作真正主語的句型:

(1)It

is/was+形容詞(for/of

sb.)+to

do

sth.

(2)It

is

no

use/good

doing

sth.

(3)It

takes

sb.some

time

to

do

sth.

(4)It’s

worthwhile

to

do/doing

sth.技法2如何確定作賓語的非謂語動(dòng)詞

考查方向解題攻略典例印證作介詞的賓語1.介詞和帶介詞的固定搭配后一定跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。2.帶介詞to的短語后也跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語。常見的帶介詞to的短語見下面的【注意】。3.介詞but/except后接不定式作賓語,且前面有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí),不定式要省略to。1.(2023全國乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears

(record)everythingIdiscovered.

2.Iwon’tcallmyselfthemostaccomplishedpersonwhenitcomesto

(hold)chopsticks.

3.Thewindowswereneveropenedexcept

(air)theroomforafewminutes.

recordingholdingtoair考查方向解題攻略典例印證只能跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞和短語avoid,advise,appreciate,allow,admit,consider(考慮),deny,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,mind,miss,permit,practice,quit,risk,suggest,giveup,beworth,putoff,insiston,keepon,succeedin等。4.Practice

(stay)highlyawareofyourbreath,yourpresence,andyourthoughts,andyouwillbecompletelyyourself.

5.(2023江蘇常州期末)Youmayenjoyusingittodoresearchforaschoolproject,

(download)yourfavoritesongsorcommunicatingwithfriendsandfamily.

stayingdownloading考查方向解題攻略典例印證只能跟不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞agree,arrange,aim,afford,choose,demand,decide,determine,desire,expect,fail,hope,long(渴望),learn,manage,offer,pretend,plan,promise,prepare,refuse,want,wish等。6.(2022浙江1月卷)ThatapproachbroughtCobb’sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans

(continue)thepractice.

tocontinue考查方向既可跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語,又可跟不定式作賓語但表達(dá)含義不同的動(dòng)詞短語解題攻略典例印證7.Ididn’tmean

(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp

(try)it.

8.Istillremember

(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.

toeattryingvisiting技法3如何確定作賓語補(bǔ)足語的非謂語動(dòng)詞

考查方向解題攻略典例印證現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行用doing。常跟doing作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語有感官動(dòng)詞feel,hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe;使役動(dòng)詞get,have;其他動(dòng)詞catch,find,keep,leave等。1.(2020全國Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.

surrounding考查方向解題攻略典例印證過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動(dòng)和完成用done。常跟done作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語有感官動(dòng)詞feel,hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe;使役動(dòng)詞get,have,make;其他動(dòng)詞find,keep,leave等。2.Mostoftheseindividualsareseniorcitizensinsearchofnewfriendsandactivitiestokeepthemselves

(occupy).

occupied考查方向解題攻略不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.常跟不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有advise,allow,appoint,cause,challenge,order,command,permit,encourage,expect,drive,enable,forbid,force,inspire,instruct,invite,persuade,warn等。2.常跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞或短語有感官動(dòng)詞feel,hear,listento,see,lookat,watch,notice,observe;使役動(dòng)詞let,have,make等。但在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)需要加上to。典例印證3.(2020浙江1月卷)Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation—itisaging.Themedian(中間的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andisexpected

(increase)to42by2050.4.Mywalletwasseen

(drop)byagirlwhenshepassedby.

toincreasetodrop考查方向解題攻略with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中也可以用非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語,常見的結(jié)構(gòu)如下:with+賓語+典例印證5.(2023福建泉州質(zhì)檢)Withthenewsnowseason

(begin)inChina,enthusiasticskiersandsnowboardershavebeeneagertogetbackontheslopes.

6.(2023全國乙卷)FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully

(build)systemofringroads.

7.Withsomanypeople

(help)us,weareconfidentthatwecanfinishthetaskontime.

beginningbuilttohelp技法4如何確定作定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞

考查方向解題攻略典例印證動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行。2.若表示被動(dòng)且正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用beingdone結(jié)構(gòu)。3.表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式的形容詞,意為“令人……的”。1.(2023新高考全國Ⅱ卷)They

talk

to

the

flood

of

international

tourists

and

to

(visit)

Chinese

zookeepers

who

often

come

to

check

on

the

pandas,which

are

on

loan

from

China.2.The

tall