初高中英語銜接非謂語動(dòng)詞做補(bǔ)語課件

2022非謂語動(dòng)詞(3)做補(bǔ)語非謂語動(dòng)詞概述一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句只能有一個(gè)動(dòng)詞做謂語，這個(gè)動(dòng)詞叫謂語動(dòng)詞；在這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中，其他沒有做謂語的動(dòng)詞，不管有多少個(gè)，都不能做謂語，這些動(dòng)詞就叫非謂語動(dòng)詞。形式：動(dòng)詞不定式todo；動(dòng)名詞doing；分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞doing,過去分詞done)功能：謂語動(dòng)詞作謂語，非謂語動(dòng)詞作除謂語以外的成分，主賓表定狀補(bǔ)。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語補(bǔ)語概念：?主語補(bǔ)足語：是緊跟在系動(dòng)詞之后的詞或短語并添加信息，用來識(shí)別或描述句子的主語?？梢援?dāng)作主語補(bǔ)語的通常有名詞，代詞，形容詞或名詞短語。?賓語補(bǔ)足語：在英語中有些及物動(dòng)詞，接了賓語意義仍不完整，還需要賓補(bǔ)來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的意義、狀態(tài)。說明賓語是干什么，怎么樣的。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。?allowsb.todosth.Eg.MyfatherallowedmetowatchTV.?sb.beallowedtodosth.Eg.IwasallowedtowatchTV(bymyfather).非謂語動(dòng)詞做補(bǔ)語非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語一、用不定式作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組用不定式作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞詞組有advise，allow，ask，beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,

warn,

wish，waitfor,

callon,

dependon等。Eg.Youarenotallowedtosmokehere.這里不允許吸煙。Thedoctorwarnedhimnottoeattoomuchmeat.醫(yī)生告誡他不要吃太多的肉。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語注意(1)think,consider,believe,suppose,feel,find,imagine,prove,appoint，judge等后常用“tobe...”作賓補(bǔ)/主補(bǔ)。People

considered

himtobeagreatleader.人們認(rèn)為他是一位偉大的領(lǐng)袖。Theyfoundtheanswertobequitesatisfactory

.他們覺得這個(gè)回答非常令人滿意。Chinesefoodisconsidered

tobethehealthiest

intheworld.中餐被認(rèn)為是世界上最健康的。Heimagineshimselftobeanableman.他自認(rèn)為是個(gè)能人。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)1.感官動(dòng)詞see,

watch,

observe,

notice,

hear,

feel的語補(bǔ)足語有四種形式,以see為例：?see+賓語+doingsth.看見…正在做…(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Eg.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.?see+賓語+dosth.看見…做了…(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)Eg.IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)1.感官動(dòng)詞see,

watch,

observe,

notice,

hear,

feel的語補(bǔ)足語有四種形式,以see為例：?see+賓語+beingdone看見…正在被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)Eg.IheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbythelittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.?see+賓語+done看見…被做(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,動(dòng)作沒有一定的時(shí)間性)Eg.I'dliketoseetheplancarriedout.非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)2.使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have，get后接復(fù)合賓語的情況?make+賓語+do

讓…做…

(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)Eg.

Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.他讓他的工人們每天工作12個(gè)小時(shí)。?make+賓語+done

讓…被做…

(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)Eg.Hetriedtomakehimself

understood.他盡量把自己的意思表達(dá)清楚了。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)2.使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have，get后接復(fù)合賓語的情況?let+賓語+do

讓…做某事…

(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系)Eg.

Don'tletyourchildplaywithmatches.別讓你的孩子玩火柴。?let+賓語+be

done

讓…被做

(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)Eg.Lettheworkbedoneimmediately.工作要馬上去做。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)2.使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have，get后接復(fù)合賓語的情況?have+賓語+do

sth.讓…做某事…

(主動(dòng)關(guān)系)?have+賓語+doingsth.使…持續(xù)做某事

(主動(dòng)關(guān)系)?have+賓語+done

使…被做

(被動(dòng)關(guān)系)注意：①havesth.done還表示“使…遭受…”之意。Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.湯姆踢足球時(shí)摔斷了腿。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)②havesb.doing若用于否定句中，其中have有“允許、容忍”之意。Iwon'thaveyouspeakingtoyourdadlikethat.我不允許你對(duì)你父親那樣講話。③have還可用于havesomethingtodo結(jié)構(gòu)，該結(jié)構(gòu)中have作“有”講，不定式作定語。Ihavesomethingurgenttoinformyou.我有緊急的事要通知你們。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)2.使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have，get后接復(fù)合賓語的情況?get+賓語+todo

sth.使…做某事

(主動(dòng)關(guān)系)?get+賓語+doingsth.使…做某事

(主動(dòng)關(guān)系)?get+賓語+done

使…被做

(被動(dòng)關(guān)系)Eg.

Hegotmetoposttheletterforhim.他讓我替他寄信。Thecaptaingotthesoldiersmovingtowardthefrontafterashortrest.休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們朝前線行進(jìn)。I’llgetmybikerepairedtomorrow.我明天要(請(qǐng)人)修一下我的自行車。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語二、非謂語動(dòng)詞作感官動(dòng)詞、使役動(dòng)詞的賓補(bǔ)3.下列動(dòng)詞(詞組)在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要加上to——吾看三使兩廳一感覺。5看(lookat，see，watch，notice，observe)；3使(make，let，have)；2聽(listento，hear)；1感覺(feel)。Eg.Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday.Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday.IseehimwalktoschoolHeisseentowalktoschool.非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?leavesb./sth.doingsth.讓某人/物一直做某事(主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行)Eg.It'swrongtoleavethemachinerunning.讓機(jī)器一直運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著是不對(duì)的。(主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行)?leavesth.undone留下某事未做(被動(dòng)，完成，一般以u(píng)ndone,unfinished,unsettled,untouched居多)Eg.Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched,becausetheydidn'ttastedelicious.大部分的菜客人們都沒動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗鼈儾豢煽凇?被動(dòng)，完成)非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?leavesb.todosth.留下某人去做某事(主動(dòng)，將來)Eg.Heleft,leavingmetodoalltherestwork.他走了，留下我去做剩余的所有工作。(主動(dòng)，將來)?leavesth.tobedone留下某事要做(被動(dòng)，將來)Eg.Wehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.我們匆匆忙忙地結(jié)束了會(huì)議，留下很多問題等待解決。(被動(dòng)，將來)非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?keepsb./sth.doing使某人/物一直做某事Eg.Keeptheenginerunning.別讓發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火。?keepsb./sth.done使某人/物被…(表示被動(dòng)且完成,或表示狀態(tài))Eg.Youshouldkeepmeinformedofhiswhereabouts.你應(yīng)該讓我了解他的行蹤。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?findsb.doing發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事Eg.Ifoundherquietlyweepingalone.我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)她獨(dú)自默默流淚。?findsb./sth.done發(fā)現(xiàn)某人/物已經(jīng)…(表狀態(tài)或完成)Eg.Ifoundhimburiedinanovel.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在埋頭讀一本小說。?findsb./sth.tobe…發(fā)現(xiàn)某人/物…Eg.Wefoundhimtobedishonest.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他不誠實(shí)。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?catchsb.doingsth.撞見某人正在做某事Eg.IcaughtJohnreadingmyprivateletters.我撞見約翰在看我的私人信件。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?withsb./sth.doing(表主動(dòng)且進(jìn)行,或表特征)

Eg.Withaboyleadingtheway,theystartedtowardsthevillage.由一個(gè)小男孩領(lǐng)著路，他們朝那個(gè)村子去了。?withsth.beingdone(表被動(dòng)且進(jìn)行)Eg.Withmybikebeingrepaired,Icangonowhere.我自行車正在被修,我哪兒也去不了。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語三、動(dòng)詞leave，keep，find，catch及介詞with后非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的情況?withsth.done(表被動(dòng)且完成,或表狀態(tài))Eg.With

the

work

done,

he

went

home.工作做完后，他回了家。?withsth.todo(表示將來)Eg.

Withalotofworktodo,hewasn'tallowedtogoout.因?yàn)檫€有很多工作要做，他沒有被允許外出。非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語四、常用不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語的句型sb./sth.besaid/believed/known/supposed/reported/considered/found/thought+todo/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone+其他。Eg.Heissaidtohavegoneabroad.(=Itissaidthathehasgoneabroad.)據(jù)說他出國了。Heatisconsideredtobeaformofenergy.熱能被認(rèn)為是一種能量形式。You’resupposedtopaythebillbyFriday.你應(yīng)該在星期五前付賬。技巧點(diǎn)撥非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語賓語或主語與提示詞為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系?doing?(to)do賓語或主語與提示詞為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系?被動(dòng)、完成：done?被動(dòng)、將來：tobedone?被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行：beingdone練習(xí)：非謂語作補(bǔ)語surroundingblockedunderstandtogiveupfollowing非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)不定式①基本形式：todo（表示主動(dòng)，并且一般表示將來）Eg.Theteachertoldustodomorningexercises.老師讓我們做早操。②被動(dòng)式：tobedone（表示被動(dòng)，并且一般表示將來）Eg.Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.要買的這輛車是給他的姐姐的。③進(jìn)行式：tobedoing（表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）Eg.Shepretendedtobereadingwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.老師進(jìn)來時(shí)，她假裝正在讀書。非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)不定式④完成時(shí)：tohavedone（表示主動(dòng)和完成）Eg.Thethiefissaidtohaveescaped.據(jù)說小偷已經(jīng)逃跑了。⑤完成被動(dòng)式：tohavebeendone（表示被動(dòng)和完成）Eg.Thethiefissaidtohavebeenarrested.據(jù)說小偷已經(jīng)被抓住了。⑥完成進(jìn)行式：tohavebeendoing（表示主動(dòng)和完成進(jìn)行）Eg.Sheissaidtohavebeenworkinginthefactoryoverthelast20years.據(jù)說在過去的20年里，她一直在這家工廠工作。非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)3.現(xiàn)在分詞①基本形式：doing（表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）Eg.Hesatthere,

readinganewspaper.他坐在那里，讀著一張報(bào)紙。②被動(dòng)式：beingdone（表示被動(dòng)和進(jìn)行）Eg.Theareabeingstudiedmayberichincoal.這個(gè)正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)3.現(xiàn)在分詞③完成式：havingdone（表示主動(dòng)和完成）Eg.Havingfinishedmyhomework,

IbegantowatchTV.完成作業(yè)后，我開始看電視。④完成被動(dòng)式：havingbeendone（表示被動(dòng)和完成）Eg.Havingbeentoldmanytimes，shestillcan’trememberit.已經(jīng)被告訴了很多次，她仍然記不住。非謂語動(dòng)詞總結(jié)4.過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成；pollutedriver被污染的河流不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示主動(dòng)或完成。fallenleaves落葉注意：非謂語動(dòng)詞本身不能表示現(xiàn)在和過去。非謂語動(dòng)詞表示進(jìn)行、將來和完成時(shí)是相對(duì)于謂語動(dòng)作來說的：和謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生表示進(jìn)行；發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之后表示將來；發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前表示完成。非謂語動(dòng)詞練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother________goodcareofathome.A.takingB.takenC.takeD.betaken2._______fromWhyDoCatsLoveBookstoresbyJasonDiamond,thearticlewaschosenasapartofthetestpaper.BeingadaptedB.AdaptedC.BeingsuitedD.Suited3.Theirnewproject______attheconference,theexcitedscholarsdecidedtohaveabarbecuetocelebratethefantasticmoment.toapprove B.beingapprovedC.havingapproved D.havingbeenapprovedBBD一、單項(xiàng)選擇BAB一、單項(xiàng)選擇7.Ididn’tmean________anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp________it.A.toeat;totry B.eating;tryingC.eating;totry D.toeat;trying8.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwenton________allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.tothank B.

thanking C.

havingthanked D.

tohavethanked9.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearit________liveisquiteanother.A.

perform B.

performing C.

toperform D.

beingperformedDAD一、單項(xiàng)選擇10.Thesekidspretended______whenhewastellingthemthesamejoke______hedidlasttime.A．laughing;which B．tohavelaughed;asC．laughing;/ D．tobelaughing;that11.Johnistheonlyoneofthestudentsinourclassthatnever______amistakeevenwhenitispointedouttohim.A.admitmaking B.admitsmaking C.admittomake D.admitstomake12.Allthethings______,theoldmanwenthomehappilywithhislittlegrandson.A.tohavefinished B.done C.tofinish D.beingfinishedDBB二、單句語法填空livingbeinggivencrossed二、單句語法填空floodedleadingchallengingtobuyTorespond三、語篇語法填空I