定語從句復(fù)習(xí)-(2)課件

定語從句定語從句在句中相當于形容詞，來修飾名詞和代詞作定語。從句的位置：在名詞或代詞后先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞詞:詞的作用：(1)引導(dǎo)定語從句

(2)在從句中作一成份

(3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞關(guān)系代詞一、as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：thesame…asas…assuch…asso…as主句中出現(xiàn)thesame,as,such,so修飾先行詞，需選擇as做關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓語。

1.

SuchgirlsasheknowsaregoodatEnglish.

2.

ThisisthesamebookasIlost.3.

Shewillmarryashealthyamanasshecanfind.

4.

Thereissowarmahouseaswewanttolivein.

5.

Hehassodifficultaproblem,asnoneofuscansolve.

2)區(qū)別

thesameas與thesamethatsuch…as與such…thatThisisthesamepenasIlost.同一類，不是同一支同一支,就是那支TheyhadsuchafiercedogasIhadneverseen.Theyhassuchafiercedogthatnoonedaredtogoneartheirhouse.as在定語從句作seen的賓語that在從句中不作成分,that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.在定語從句中作主語或賓語主語或賓語賓語賓語或主語定語狀語狀語狀語在從句中作賓語可省去時間地點原因

先行詞為人物/人人物某人/某物的引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞whothatwhomwhichwhoseWhenWherewhy1.Thegirl__________isstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.2.Thegirl_________________ourteacheristalkingwithisherdaughter.3.Thegirl________motherisfromBritaincanspeakEnglish

verywell.4.Ican’tfindthebook____________isborrowedfromthelibrary.who/that(whom/who/that)whosewhich/thatFillintheblankwithproperrelativepronoun:Jointhesentence.Drawingisakindofart.Iknowlittleaboutdrawing.Drawingisakindofart(that/which)Iknowlittleabout.Drawingisakindofartthat/whichIknowlittle.aboutXThepersonismymathsteacher.Ilearnedalotfromtheperson.Mymathsteacheristheperson(whom/that)Ilearnedalotfrom.Mymathsteacheristhepersonwhom/thatIlearnedalot.fromX

Theattributiveclauseintroducedby

prep.+which

Theattributiveclauseintroducedby

prep.+whom1.關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語，當介詞前置時，只能用

whom指人，which指物；但如果介詞后置，則不受這種限制，關(guān)系代詞還可以省去，特別是在口語中。如：Doyouknowtheboytowhomshewastalking?Doyouknowtheboy(that)shewastalkingto?Thepencil(which/that)hewaswritingwithsuddenlybroke.

2.介詞的選用原則:根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的習(xí)慣搭配或介詞短語的習(xí)慣搭配來決定，也可根據(jù)句子意思來決定。

onwhichIspentfiveYuan.

forwhichIpaidfiveYuanThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot

aboutwhichTomoftentalks

①這是我正在找的手表。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.②那個保姆照看的小寶寶們都很健康。Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareallveryhealthy.√×√×3.有的短語動詞與介詞一般不拆開，介詞仍放在短語動詞的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisistheteacherwhosedaughterisafamousdoctor.=Thisistheteacher_________________isafamousdoctor.代詞／數(shù)詞／名詞／形容詞比較級、最高級等＋of＋which／whom1.名詞+介詞+關(guān)系詞常見結(jié)構(gòu)拓展thedaughterofwhomRecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase（花瓶）,_______wasveryreasonable（合理的）.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhoseWehavethreeforeignteachers,___________arefromCanada.(其中的兩個）2.數(shù)詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞(含基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞，分數(shù)和百分數(shù)）

twoofwhomThefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_______aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat3.代詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞（代詞有all,both,none,neither,either,some,any等）

Theoldwomanhastwosons,__________areteachers.（兩個都是）bothofwhomLastweek,twopersonscametoseethehouse,___________wantedtobuyit.A.bothoftheyB.neitherofwhomC.bothofthemD.allofwhom4.形容詞最高級+介詞+關(guān)系代詞Chinahasthousandsofislands,_______________isTaiwanIsland.（其中最大的）thelargestofwhich

Therearetwobuildings,________standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich5.介詞+關(guān)系代詞+名詞Hespentfouryearsincollege,_____________hestudiedmedicine.（在那段時間內(nèi)）duringwhichtimeIntheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,_______timemanypeoplehavegonehome.A.whoseB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichThiswastheknife_________hecutdownthetree.Tomistheperson_________IoftenturnforhelpwhenIamintrouble.TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Heistheperson__________Iwillbuyagift.We’llvisitthebeautifulvillage___________Marycomes.Thisisthebuilding______________standsatalltree.towhomforwhomwithwhichinfrontofwhichbehindwhichfromwhichFillingintheblanks:1.定語從句中關(guān)系副詞有：

when,where,why2.關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中所作的成份：關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中都作狀語。

when作時間狀語；where作地點狀語；

why作原因狀語。如：定語從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法Herememberthedaywhenhisfatherdied.

IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作時間狀語，意為onthedaywhere作地點狀語，意為intheplacewhy作原因狀語，意為forthereason

3.并非先行詞是表示時間、地點和原因的詞時都用when,where,why，若先行詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是作主語或賓語，就必須用which或that。

如：

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.which在定語從句中作賓語比較:

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.when在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于duringthedays。Webelievethereasonthathetoldus.比較:Thereasonwhyhewasabsentyesterdayisstillunknown.4.關(guān)系副詞when,where和why也可用“介詞+which”來代替，要注意其先行詞（名詞）與介詞的合理搭配，介詞根據(jù)先行詞或定語從句的謂語動詞來確定。

when相當于“at/in/during…+which”where相當于“in/at/on…+which”why相當于“for+which”

如：所指先行詞引導(dǎo)詞時間time/day/week/moment/month/period/seasonwhen=at/in/on/duringwhich地點place/room/case/situation/point

where=in/at/onwhich原因reasonwhy=forwhichIsthisthedaywhen/onwhichIvisitedthemuseum?Pleaseputtheletteronthedeskwhere/onwhichhecaneasilyfindit.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidn’tcometothemeeting.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.句中when相當于onwhichwhere在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。如：ThisistheroomwhereLuXunoncelived.句中where相當于inwhichDetailedexplanationWhen在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。如：why在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當于“介詞for+關(guān)系代詞（which）”。如：Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate?Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.思考是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替?1.Thesungivesusheatandlight(_____________wecan’tlive).2.Thebook(___________Iheard)waswrittentwentyyearsago.withoutwhichaboutwhich3.Thepen(__________)shewrotethatbookcannowbeseeninamuseum.4.Kunmingisabeautifulplace(_____________)flowersareseenalltheyearround.5.Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse(_____________)thegreatwriterusedtolive.withwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhich6.Iwillneverforgottheday(_____________)Ifirstmetyouontheship.7.Thefilm(____________Ifellasleep)wasveryboring.結(jié)論：只有當“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”充當?shù)攸c狀語、時間狀語或原因狀語時，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。onwhich/whenduringwhich如何判斷關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞方法一.取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。方法二.準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞；先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞。判斷改錯ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.

which2.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.

which3.ThisisthemountainvillagewhichIstayedlastyear.

where4.I'llneverforgetthedayswhichIworkedwithyou.

when

準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。例1.Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneBA

Multiple

choices:1.Thebraveman,

thetigerwasshotisagoodhunter．A.bywhichB.bywhomC.bythatD.ofwhom2.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_____aresoldabroad.(’04遼寧）

A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat3.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney

tobuytherings．

A.whichB.thatC.withwhich D.forwhich4.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,____wasveryreasonable.(’00上海）

A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose5.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_____thesailingtimewas226days.(’04廣西）

A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich6.Americanwomenusuallyregardtheirbestfriendassomeone___theycantalkfrequently.(’04上海）

A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom7.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titan