2018-2019學(xué)年Unit3-Under-the-Sea-訓(xùn)練卷-(二)教師版

此卷只裝訂不密封此卷只裝訂不密封班級(jí)姓名準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)考場(chǎng)號(hào)座位號(hào)選修七Unit3Underthesea英語(yǔ)（二）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫(xiě)在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。一、閱讀理解（共7小題；每小題2分，滿分14分）ATherearemanydangerousseacreaturesintheworld.Thefollowingaresomeexamples.Theneedlefisharecommonlyseenlivingnearthesurfaceoftropical(熱帶的)waters.Buttheycanalsobreakcoverthewater,andonceintheairtheycanbecomedangerousflyingswords.Thoughitisrare,peoplehavebeenseriouslyhurtandevenkilledbythefish.Nightfishermeninsmallboatsareatparticularriskbecausetheirlightsmayattractthefish.Saltwatercrocodilesaretheworld'slargestcrocodiles，sometimesreaching23feetinlengthandtopping2,200pounds.Yetthesecrocodileshuntquietly，lyinginwaitbelowshorelinewaterstoattackturtlesandthirstyanimalsthathavecometodrink.Saltwatercrocodileskillanumberofpeopleeachyear.Thereisnodoubtthatthegreatwhitesharksitsatoptheoceanfoodchain.Theworld'slargestfishcanweighatover5，000poundsandreachlengthsofmorethan20feet.Greatwhitesharkshaveabout3，000teeth，whichtheytypicallysinkintosealions，seals，andseaturtles.Thesesharksareresponsibleforathirdtoahalfofthe100sharkattacksonhumanseveryyear.Theseaanemone(?？?maylooklikethebeautifulflowerforwhichit'snamed，butfishthatswimtooclosemayregretit.Theseaanemone，whichlivesontheseafloor，usesitspoisonoustentacles(觸須)tostabpassingcreatureswithakindofpoison—makingthemhelplessandfittobeeaten.Thesurgeonfish(刺尾魚(yú))isanattractivereeffishthatispoisonous.Scientistsbelievethattheworld’sseasholdsome1,200differentsurgeonfishspeciesandthinkthattheyinjureabout50,000peopleperyear.Butthesurgeonfishpoisoncanalsobringgreatbenefit—theyareusefulinthedevelopmentofnewdrugs.1.Theunderlinedphrase“breakcover”inParagraph2probablymeans________.A.jumpoutofB.breakawayfromC.getawayfromD.gobackto2.Howmanyattacksonhumansdogreatwhitesharksdoeveryyear?A.About26.B.About45.C.About60.D.About75.3.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat________.A.thesaltwatercrocodilesaregentleandneverhurtpeopleB.theseaanemonelivesnearthesurfaceoftheseaC.thegreatwhitesharkisthelargestfishintheworldD.theneedlefishliveintheseaallaroundtheworld4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedtobenefithumansociety?A.Theneedlefish.B.Theseaanemone.C.Thegreatwhiteshark.D.Thesurgeonfish.【答案】1-4ABCD【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了5種危險(xiǎn)的海洋生物。1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文“onceintheair”可知，needlefish在空中的時(shí)候會(huì)變成危險(xiǎn)的飛劍，由此可以猜測(cè)畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)的意思應(yīng)該是“跳出(離)”之意。故選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thesesharksareresponsibleforathirdtoahalfofthe100sharkattacksonhumanseveryyear.”可知，大白鯊每年襲擊人類(lèi)次數(shù)大約為33～50次左右。故選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theworld'slargestfishcanweighatover5，000poundsandreachlengthsofmorethan20feet.”可知，大白鯊是世界上最大的魚(yú)。故選C。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“theyareusefulinthedevelopmentofnewdrugs”可知，刺尾魚(yú)的毒可以制造藥品，由此可知這種魚(yú)可以造福人類(lèi)社會(huì)。故選D。BThereisahugedemandforsharkfins(鰭)inAsiancountries.Asaresult,manysharksarecaughtandkilled.InPalau,wheremorethanhalfoftouristsaredrawnbydivingexcursions,eachreefsharkbringsinabout$179,000intourismrevenueannually,orabout$1.9millionduringitslifetime.Duetooverexploitationandlackofpropermanagement,manysharkspeciesareunderconsiderableriskofunrecoverabledeclinewithsomespecieshavingdeclinedtonearextinctioninrecentyears.Accordingtoreports,sharksarebeingkilledatanalarmingrateofupto273millionworldwideperyear.Someexpertspredictthatifthekillingcontinuesatthecurrentratemanysharkspecieswillbelostforever.Itcanbeverydangerous.Sharksareveryimportantandtheyshouldbeprotected.InastudyoftheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates,11speciesofsharkswereeliminatedfromtheirrange.Ofthe14speciesofoceanlifethatthosesharksusedtoeat,thepopulationsof12explodedandcausedgreatdamagetotheecosystem.Forexample,thecownoseray(鰩)populationwasnolongerkeptundercontrolbysharksandsogrewoutofcontrol.Asaresult,theraysdestroyedthepopulationofbayscallops(扇貝),theirfavoritefood.Thescallopfishery,whichhadbeeningoodconditionforover100years,waswipedout.Also,theremovalofthescallopsmostlikelyhadaneffectonwaterqualityastheywerenolongertheretoperformtheirfunctionofcleaningthewater.Sharksplayavitalroleintheoceansinawaythattheaveragefishdoesnot.Mostsharksserveastoppredatorsatthepinnacleofthemarinefoodpyramid,andsoplayacriticalroleinoceanecosystems.Directlyorindirectlytheyregulatethenaturalbalanceoftheseecosystems.Sharkstendtoeatveryefficiently,goingaftertheold,sick,orslowerfishinapopulation,keepingthatpopulationhealthy.Sharkshelpkeepmanypopulationsofoceanlifetotherightsizesothatthoseprey(獵物)speciesdon’tcauseharmtotheecosystembybecomingtoopopulated.Theoceanecosystemismadeupofverycomplexfoodwebs.Forthemostpart,sharksareatthetopofthesewebsandareconsideredbyscientiststobe"keystone"species,meaningthatremovingthemmaycausethewholestructuretofallapart,includingkeyfisheriessuchastunaandotherimportantfishspeciesthatmaintainthehealthofcoralreefs.Therefore,weshouldprotectsharksbecausedoingsoistoprotectthewholeecosystem.5.Theunderlinedword"eliminated"inParagraph3canbereplacedby"________".A.separatedB.removedC.forbiddenD.protected6.Afterthenumberofcownoseraysgreatlyincreased,________.A.waterqualityimprovedaswellB.bayscallopsgrewoutofcontrolC.thehealthofcoralreefsworsenedD.thelocalscallopfisherywasharmed7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Whysharksarekilledworldwide.B.Whysharksshouldbeprotected.C.Howhumanskeeptheecosystembalanced.D.Howoceanlifeaffectstheecosystem.【答案】5-7BDB【解析】本文為說(shuō)明文。鯊魚(yú)在海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中扮演著非常重要的角色，在鯊魚(yú)數(shù)量急劇減少甚至消失的海域，海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)都遭到巨大破壞，因此，我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)鯊魚(yú)。5.考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后面的“Ofthe14speciesofoceanlifethatthosesharksusedtoeat,thepopulationsof12explodedandcausedgreatdamagetotheecosystem”在這14種鯊魚(yú)曾經(jīng)吃過(guò)的海洋生物中的12種迅速擴(kuò)大，并對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成了巨大的破壞。再根據(jù)“11speciesofsharkswereeliminatedfromtheirrange.”可知，11個(gè)鯊魚(yú)物種已經(jīng)從它們的范圍中被消失，故劃線詞可用removed來(lái)代替。6.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“thecownoseray(鰩)populationwasnolongerkeptundercontrolbysharksandsogrewoutofcontrol.牛鼻鰩不再受到鯊魚(yú)的控制，因此增長(zhǎng)失控。Asaresult,theraysdestroyedthepopulationofbayscallops(扇貝),theirfavoritefood.結(jié)果，鰩摧毀了海灣扇貝量。Thescallopfishery,whichhadbeeningoodconditionforover100years,waswipedout.一百年來(lái)一直保持良好狀態(tài)的扇貝漁業(yè)被消滅了?？赏浦捎邗忯~(yú)的數(shù)量急劇減少甚至消失，原本是鯊魚(yú)的食物的物種如牛鼻鰩的數(shù)量急劇增長(zhǎng)，這讓它們的食物扇貝遭到滅頂之災(zāi)，當(dāng)?shù)氐纳蓉愒獾狡茐?。故選D。7.考查主旨大意。通讀全文,尤其是第二段中的“Sharksareveryimportantandtheyshouldbeprotected”和最后一段“Therefore,weshouldprotectsharksbecausedoingsoistoprotectthewholeecosystem”可知，本文主要講的是為什么要保護(hù)鯊魚(yú)。故選B。二、單詞拼寫(xiě)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）1.Ifyou_________(跳水)intosomewater,youjumpinhead-firstwithyourarmsheldstraightaboveyourhead.2.A_________(暫停)isashortperiodwhenyoustopdoingsomethingbeforecontinuing.3.Shestressedtheimportanceofgood_________(協(xié)作).4.Economicgrowthisstillboundtotheissuesofpoverty,socialjusticeand_________(保護(hù)).5.Thereisapolitical_________(方面)totheaccusations.6.Therewasonlya_________(狹窄的)gapbetweenthebedandthewall.7.Trythis_________(可口的)dishforsupperwithacrispysalad.8.Peopleare_________(害怕)tousethebuseslateatnight.9.ThechurchinIrelandhasalwaysexercisedan_________(令人敬畏的)power.10.Thefencemarksthe_________(分界線)betweenmypropertyandhers.【答案】1.dive2.pause3.teamwork4.conservation5.dimension6.narrow7.tasty8.scared9.awesome10.boundary三、語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）Allofushavereadthrillingstories.Inmanyof__1__(they)theherohadonlya__2__(limit)andspecifiedtimetolive.Sometimesitwasaslongasayear;sometimesasshortastwenty-fourhours,__3__wewerealwaysinterestedin__4__(discover)justhowthedyingmanchosetospendhislastdaysorhislasthours.Suchstoriessetupthinking,wondering__5__weshoulddoundersimilarcircumstances.What__6__(happy)shouldwefindinreviewingthepast,andwhatregrets?Sometimes,Ihavethoughtitwouldbeanexcellentruletoliveeachday__7__ifweshoulddietomorrow.Suchanattitudewouldstress__8__(sharp)thevaluesoflife.Ihaveoftenthoughtitwouldbeablessingifeachhumanbeing__9__(be)strickenblindanddeafforafewdaysatsometimeduringhisearlyadultlife.Darknesswouldmakehim__10__(much)appreciativeofsight;silencewouldteachhimthejoysofsound.【答案】1.them2.limited3.but4.discovering5.what6.happiness7.as8.sharply9.were10.more【解析】本文是一篇議論文，主要描述了作者對(duì)生活的感悟，即努力過(guò)好每一天，珍惜眼下的生活。1.考查代詞。介詞of后接人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格形式。they的賓格為them。2.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處limited和specified是并列關(guān)系，一起修飾time，所以填limit的形容詞形式limited。3.考查連詞。句意：有時(shí)長(zhǎng)達(dá)一年，有時(shí)短到24小時(shí)，但是我們總是對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)垂死的人選擇如何度過(guò)最后的時(shí)光或最后的幾個(gè)小時(shí)感興趣。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。4.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定搭配beinterestedin后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填discovering。5.考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。動(dòng)詞wonder后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺少動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，所以用連接詞what引導(dǎo)。6.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。感嘆句中，what修飾名詞，happy的名詞形式為happiness。7.考查固定搭配。句意：有時(shí)我想，把每天都當(dāng)作生命的最后一天來(lái)度過(guò)也不失為一個(gè)很好的生命法則。asif是固定搭配，意為“似乎，好像”，符合語(yǔ)境。8.考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞stress。故填sharply，意為“大幅度地”。9.考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我常常想，如果每個(gè)人在他成年的早期有一段時(shí)間處于眼盲、耳聾的狀態(tài)，那會(huì)是一種幸事。根據(jù)句意可知，本句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“wouldbe”可知，if從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞一律用were。10.考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。appreciative是多音節(jié)形容詞，本句表示“黑暗讓他更加感激光明”，應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)形式，故填more。四、單句改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）1.Theemptycupboardwasawitofhispoverty.2.Heishonestandhard-working,buthistwinbrotherjustdoesopposite.3.Youshouldnotfleeoutresponsibility.4.Thedocumenturgedtheuniversityintoallowwomentostudymedicineattheinstitution.5.Bynomeansshallweabandonsearchforthemissingplan.6.Hewasrushingbacktohelpthemoutofpoverty.7.Howmuchlongeristhinggoingtodragin?8.Waterwasfoundatthedeepof30feet.9.IlookedforWyman'spictureinmyhigh-schoolannually.10.Heisabandonedtoreadallkindofbooksinhissparetime.【答案】1.wit改為witness。2.opposite前加the。3.out改為from。4.into改為to或allow改為allowing。5.search改為searching。6.of前加out。7.in改為on。8.deep改為depth。9.annually改為annual。10.read改為reading。五、提綱類(lèi)作文（滿分25分）根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，加入適當(dāng)過(guò)渡詞，聯(lián)句成篇。1.海洋生物對(duì)人們有益。2.許多海洋生物處于危險(xiǎn)之中。它們面臨各種威脅，比如，污染和過(guò)度捕撈。3.我們應(yīng)該采取保護(hù)海洋生物的措施。___________________________________________________________________