山東省濟寧市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案

山東省濟寧市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期期末試題與參考答案第一部分：閱讀第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ACelebratingtheReopeningoftheHouseofTortoisesandTurtlesOpeninghours:10a.m.to7p.m.dailyThetortoisesandturtlesarefinallyreadytogreettheirvisitorsintheirnewhomeafteraclosureofsixmonths.AsaGuinnessWorldRecordholderforthelargestcollectionoftortoisesandturtles,theattractionishometomorethan500reptiles.Inadditiontoourregularactivities,wearebackwithabang!TurtleRaceSuitableforchildrenfrom4to12yearsold.Racestakeplacetwiceadayduringtheweekendsat11a.m.and4p.m.Asmalldonationofatleast$2willberequiredfortheparticipationofthisevent.Kindlysignupuponarrivaltoavoiddisappointment.AdoptaTurtleWehaveputturtlesupforadoption!Doconsiderthefollowingfactorsbeforeyouapproachanyofourstafftoaskaboutouradoptionprogram.DecoratewithEllieOurgentletortoise,Ellie,comesouttoplaytwiceadayat3p.m.and5p.m.onSaturdayandSunday.Forchildrenunder12whohaveakeeninterestinart,youcantakeaphotowithEllieandcustomizeyourphotoframewiththematerialsprovided.Then,frameitonthespotandbringithome!Areyoureadyforalong-termcommitment?Canyouaffordtocare?Doyouhavetimeforit?Ifyoumeetalltherequirements,youmaywanttoadoptoneofourturtles.Ourguideswillsharehowtoprovideloveandcareforthemsothattheycanlivecomfortably.1.What’sthesimilaritybetweenTurtleRaceandDecoratewithEllie?A.Theyaskforadonation. B.Theyrequireregistration.C.Theytakeplaceatweekends. D.Theyprovidephotosafterwards.2.Howmuchcanbesavedwithapackageticket?A.$5. B.$15. C.$20. D.$30.3.What’sthepurposeofthebrochure?A.Tomotivatevisitorstovolunteer.B.Toencouragepeopletoadoptapet.C.Toattractpeopletothereopenedattraction.D.Todisplaytheattraction’sGuinnessWorldRecord.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文是慶祝陸龜和海龜之家重新開發(fā)的廣告?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TurtleRace中的“Suitableforchildrenfrom4to12yearsold.Racestakeplacetwiceadayduringtheweekendsat11a.m.and4p.m.”（適合4至12歲兒童。比賽在周末每天舉行兩次，上午11點和下午4點。）根據(jù)DecoratewithEllie中的“Ourgentletortoise,Ellie,comesouttoplaytwiceadayat3p.m.and5p.m.onSaturdayandSunday.”（我們溫順的烏龜埃莉，在星期六和星期天的下午3點和5點，每天出來玩兩次。）可知，TurtleRace和DecoratewithEllie都在周末。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EntranceFees中的內(nèi)容可知，正常票價：成年人的每人10美元，孩子是5美元。而套票：兩個成年人和兩個孩子總共是25美元。所以套票可以節(jié)省“（10+10+2x5）-25=5”。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thetortoisesandturtlesarefinallyreadytogreettheirvisitorsintheirnewhomeafteraclosureofsixmonths.AsaGuinnessWorldRecordholderforthelargestcollectionoftortoisesandturtles,theattractionishometomorethan500reptiles.”（在關(guān)閉了六個月之后，陸龜和海龜終于準(zhǔn)備好在新家迎接他們的游客了。作為擁有最多陸龜和海龜?shù)募崴故澜缂o(jì)錄保持者，這個景點是500多只爬行動物的家園）以及票價和活動可知，短文的目的是吸引人們?nèi)ブ匦麻_放的景點。故選C項。BInthelead-uptotheFIFAWorldCupQatar2022,educatorsacrossQatarFoundation(QF)havefoundcreativewaystotakeadvantageoftheglobalsportingeventintheclassroomtoteachbothphysicalandsocialskills,andtobringtheirlessonplanstolife.“Apartfromencouragingthemtotakepartinthephysicalaspectofthegame,it’saperfectopportunitytoteachsocialskills,suchasteamspirit,fairplay,respectforrules,cooperation,disciplineandtolerance,etc.Theseareallessentialskillsforfutureparticipationingroupactivitiesandprofessionallife,”explainedSaraHalHajri,assistantdirectorofQF.Thetopicsincludelearningabouttheevent,thesportoffootball,stadiumsandhowtheylinktoQataricultureandheritage,andthepositiveimpacttheFIFAWorldCupQatar2022willhaveonthelocalcommunity,etc.Classeswillalsobedesigningandcreatingasustainablefootballinhonorofthelandmarkyear.Attheheartoftheactivitiesarefriendlyfootballmatchesorganizedtosimulatethematchexperiencewherestudentswillengageaseitherfootballplayersoraudience.Theywillcreatecheersfortheirfavouriteteam,useamatchticket,andpurchaserefreshmentstomirrortheexperienceatamatch.FootballinQatarAcademySidra(QAS),aQFschool,hasbeenincludedinthecurriculumacrosstheagegroupstoteachsubjectslikegeography,artwriting,mathandothersincreativeways.Forexample,grade4studentsareusingmapstodeterminethedistancesbetweenstadiumswhilegrades11and12engageinredesigningtheFIFAWorldCupusingrecycledmaterials.FatimaSaadMohannadi,agrade10studentfromQASsaid,“EveryoneispumpedupabouttheWorldCup—it’saonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunityandtherearesomanyactivitiesbeinglinkedtoit.Andwhenwealsohaveitincludedinourday-to-daylearning,itjustmakesschoolthatmuchmorefunandsomethingthat,liketheWorldCup,wealllookforwardto.4.WhatdoesSarawanttostressconcerningintegratingfootballintoclass?A.Itsdiversity. B.Itssignificance. C.Itsprospect. D.Itsefficiency.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword”simulate“inparagraph4probablymean?A.Model. B.Sponsor. C.Observe. D.Recall.6.What’sFatima’sattitudetofootball-relatedactivities?A.Excited. B.Resistant. C.Doubtful. D.Tolerant.7.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheCulturesBehindtheFootballEventB.ThePositiveImpactsofPlayingFootballC.QatarPlaysHosttothe2022FIFAWorldCupD.QFSchoolsUseFootballAsaNovelTeachingTool【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。短文介紹了卡塔爾基金會學(xué)校將足球作為一種新穎的教學(xué)工具?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Apartfromencouragingthemtotakepartinthephysicalaspectofthegame,it’saperfectopportunitytoteachsocialskills,suchasteamspirit,fairplay,respectforrules,cooperation,disciplineandtolerance,etc.Theseareallessentialskillsforfutureparticipationingroupactivitiesandprofessionallife,”explainedSaraHalHajri,assistantdirectorofQF.”（除了鼓勵他們參與體育運動之外，這也是一個教授社交技能的絕佳機會，比如團隊精神、公平競爭、尊重規(guī)則、合作、紀(jì)律和寬容等。這些都是未來參與團體活動和職業(yè)生活的基本技能，”QF助理主任SaraHalHajri解釋說）可知，關(guān)于把足球融入課堂，薩拉想強調(diào)它的重要性。故選B項。5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“Theywillcreatecheersfortheirfavouriteteam,useamatchticket,andpurchaserefreshmentstomirrortheexperienceatamatch.”（他們將為他們最喜歡的球隊歡呼，使用比賽門票，并購買茶點以反映比賽中的體驗。）可知，活動的核心是組織友誼足球賽，以模擬學(xué)生作為足球運動員或觀眾參與的比賽體驗。所以劃線詞的意思是“模擬”。故選A項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“FatimaSaadMohannadi,agrade10studentfromQASsaid,“EveryoneispumpedupabouttheWorldCup—it’saonce-in-a-lifetimeopportunityandtherearesomanyactivitiesbeinglinkedtoit.Andwhenwealsohaveitincludedinourday-to-daylearning,itjustmakesschoolthatmuchmorefunandsomethingthat,liketheWorldCup,wealllookforwardto.”（QAS的10年級學(xué)生法蒂瑪·薩阿德·穆罕納迪（FatimaSaadMohanadi）說：“每個人都對世界杯充滿熱情，這是一個千載難逢的機會，有很多活動都與之相關(guān)。當(dāng)我們把它納入日常學(xué)習(xí)中時，這只會讓學(xué)校變得更加有趣，就像世界杯一樣，我們都很期待）可知，法蒂瑪對足球相關(guān)活動的態(tài)度是激動的。故選A項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthelead-uptotheFIFAWorldCupQatar2022,educatorsacrossQatarFoundation(QF)havefoundcreativewaystotakeadvantageoftheglobalsportingeventintheclassroomtoteachbothphysicalandsocialskills,andtobringtheirlessonplanstolife.”（在2022年卡塔爾國際足聯(lián)世界杯（FIFAWorldCupQatar2022）的籌備過程中，卡塔爾基金會（QF）的教育工作者找到了創(chuàng)造性的方法，利用課堂上的全球體育賽事，教授身體和社交技能，并將他們的課程計劃付諸實施。）可知，短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“卡塔爾基金會學(xué)校將足球作為一種新穎的教學(xué)工具”。故選D項。COnNovember15,thecountofhumansonthisplanetreached8billion.Populationgrowthhasbeensteadyoverthepastfewdecades.Butthatpatternisgraduallychanging,asisshowninthefollowingchart.Credit:KatiePeek;Source:WorldPopulationProspects2022，UnitedNationsPopulationDivisionThatslowdownispartlytheresultofashifttowardfeweroffspring.High-incomenationscurrentlyhavethelowestbirthrates,andtheoppositeistrue:nationswiththehighestbirthratestendtohavethelowestincomes.Thegaphascontinuedtowidenbetweenwealthynationsandpoorerones.Butlongerterm,itismovingtowardconvergence(趨同).Manyfactorscontributetothechangesoftheworld’spopulation,suchasmigration,deathrate,longevityandothers.Focusingonfertility(生育率),however,helpfullyclarifieswhythetotalnumberofhumansonEarthseemssettofall.Fertilityreferstotheaveragetotalnumberoflivebirthsperfemaleindividualinaregionorcountry.TheU.S.’scurrentfertilityrate,forexample,isabout1.7;China’sis1.2.Afertilityof2.1isconsideredthereplacementrate—thatis,therequirednumberofoffspring,onaverage,forapopulationtoholdsteady.Todaybirthratesinthewealthiestcountrieshavedroppedbelowthereplacementrate,therestlikelyfollowingsuitoverthecomingdecades.Humanity’sfutureclearlydependsonmanythingsbesidesfertility.Forexample,peopleinwealthiernationsmayproducefewerchildren,butthoseoffspringtendtoconsumemoreresources—sorichcountriescanstillhaveoutsizeplanetaryimpactsdespitetheirdecreasingpopulations.OrganizationssuchastheUnitedNationsDepartmentofEconomicandSocialAffairsareworkingtowardpolicy-basedsolutionsforhowallofuscanhavehealthy,satisfyingandsustainablelivesonEarth.Aclear-eyedunderstandingofpopulationchangesiscriticalforreachingthatbrightfuture.8.Whichtimeperiodmaywitnesstheslowestglobalpopulationgrowth?A.1960年至1974年 B.2037年至2058年 C.1987年至1998年 D.2022年至2037年9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedefinitionoffertilityrate. B.Thecauseofthelowfertilityrate.C.Thefertilityratesindifferentcountries. D.Theimpactoffertilityonworldpopulation.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Thericherthenationsare,thehigherthefertilitywillbe.B.Thesmallerthepopulationis,themoreresourcesareused.C.Achievinghuman’ssustainablefutureisachallengingtask.D.Understandingpopulationshiftscantacklethefertilityissue.11.Whatisthetext?A.Ablogentry. B.Abookreview. C.Athemespeech. D.Aresearchreport.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文介紹了世界目前人口增長狀況。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表中的信息2037年人口達到9億，2058年人口達到10億，21年間才增長了10億人口。增長率最低。故選B項【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Focusingonfertility(生育率),however,helpfullyclarifieswhythetotalnumberofhumansonEarthseemssettofall.Fertilityreferstotheaveragetotalnumberoflivebirthsperfemaleindividualinaregionorcountry.TheU.S.’scurrentfertilityrate,forexample,isabout1.7;China’sis1.2.Afertilityof2.1isconsideredthereplacementrate—thatis,therequirednumberofoffspring,onaverage,forapopulationtoholdsteady.Todaybirthratesinthewealthiestcountrieshavedroppedbelowthereplacementrate,therestlikelyfollowingsuitoverthecomingdecades.”（然而，關(guān)注生育率有助于解釋為什么地球上的人口總數(shù)似乎注定會下降。生育率是指一個地區(qū)或國家每名女性的平均活產(chǎn)總數(shù)。例如，美國目前的生育率約為1.7；中國是1.2。2.1的生育率被認(rèn)為是更替率，也就是說，平均而言，一個人口保持穩(wěn)定所需的后代數(shù)量。如今，最富裕國家的出生率已降至更替率以下，其他國家在未來幾十年可能也會如此）由此可知，第三段主要是關(guān)于生育率對世界人口的影響。故選D項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Humanity’sfutureclearlydependsonmanythingsbesidesfertility.Forexample,peopleinwealthiernationsmayproducefewerchildren,butthoseoffspringtendtoconsumemoreresources—sorichcountriescanstillhaveoutsizeplanetaryimpactsdespitetheirdecreasingpopulations.”（人類的未來顯然取決于除生育能力之外的許多因素。例如，富裕國家的人可能生育更少的孩子，但這些孩子往往會消耗更多的資源，因此，盡管富裕國家的人口在減少，但它們?nèi)匀粫Φ厍虍a(chǎn)生巨大的影響。）可知，實現(xiàn)人類可持續(xù)的未來是一項艱巨的任務(wù)。故選C項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“OnNovember15,thecountofhumansonthisplanetreached8billion.Populationgrowthhasbeensteadyoverthepastfewdecades.Butthatpatternisgraduallychanging,asisshowninthefollowingchart.”（11月15日，地球上的人口達到80億。在過去的幾十年里，人口增長一直很穩(wěn)定。但這種模式正在逐漸改變，如下圖所示。）以及下文對圖表的分析可知，短文是一篇研究報告。故選D項。DAnasteroid(小行星)ismovingveryfasttowardEarth,threateningeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.Humanityhasoneshottosaveitselfwithbrave,selflessheroespilotingaspacecraftintotheuniversetodestroytheasteroid.Butthat’sthemovies.OnMondayevening,NASAshowedwhattherealitywaslike.Therewasanasteroid,butitwasn’tthreateningtheEarth.Andtherewasaspacecraft,relyingonadvancedtechnologyfromtheEarth.ThehumanheroesofthemissionwereactuallyataphysicsandengineeringlabbetweenBaltimoreandWashington,D.C.Andtherewasacollision(碰撞).InthiscaseitwasthefinalactoftheDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART),aspacecraftthatwaslaunchedinNovember,2021andthenracedaroundthesunfor10monthsasitpursueditstarget—asmallspacerock,Dimorphos,sevenmillionmilesfromEarth.”Forthefirsttime,humanityhasdemonstratedtheabilitytochangetheorbitofanasteroid,“saidRalphSemmel,directorofthelab.Initslastmoments,thespacecraftsentbackaseriesofphotographs.DARThadspottedDimorphosonlyanhourearlier,asadotoflight.Then,Dimorphosgrewbiggerandbigger,untilitssurfacefilledthescreen.Theengineerswereontheirfeet,cheering.”Normally,losingsignalfromthespacecraftisverybad,“Semmelsaid.”Butthistime,itwastheidealoutcome.“Withmovieslike”DeepImpact“,Hollywoodhaslongbeenenthusiasticabouttheprospectofdisasterrainingdownfromtheuniverse.”Inreality,bigasteroidsthatwouldcauseplanet-widedestructionoccurveryrarely,onceevery10millionyearsorso.Hence,plannersatNASAandelsewheredevotetheirattentiontosmalleronesinspace,whichwouldnotsetoffmassextinctions,butcanreleasemoreenergythananuclearbomb.IfanyofthoseasteroidsturnsouttobeonacollisioncoursewithEarth,theDARTmissionshowsthatchangingitsorbitisarealisticpossibility.12.What’sparagraph1describing?A.Amovieplot. B.Anaturaldisaster.C.Awitnessaccount. D.Avirtualexperiment.13.What’sthemissionofDART?A.Racingaroundthesun. B.Trackingasteroidsinspace.CChangingtheorbitofDimorphos. D.Establishingapermanentspacelab.14.Whyweretheengineerscheering?A.Theyobtainedcleardesiredphotos. B.Theymadeasafelandingfromspace.C.DARTcrashedDimorphosintopieces. D.DARTcompleteditsmissionsuccessfully.15.What’sthesignificanceoftheDARTmission?A.Preventingtheearthfrombeingdestroyed.B.Providingasolutiontoanasteroidimpact.C.Fuelingpeople’sinterestinHollywoodmovies.D.Increasingchancesofhumansgoingintospace.【答案】12A13.C14.D15.B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。短文介紹了人類第一次展示了改變小行星軌道的能力，DART為小行星撞擊提供解決方案。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anasteroid(小行星)ismovingveryfasttowardEarth,threateningeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.Humanityhasoneshottosaveitselfwithbrave,selflessheroespilotingaspacecraftintotheuniversetodestroytheasteroid.”（一顆小行星正快速向地球移動，威脅著地球上的每一個人。人類只有一次拯救自己的機會，勇敢無私的英雄駕駛宇宙飛船進入宇宙，摧毀小行星。）以及第二段“Butthat’sthemovies.”（但那是電影）可知，第一段描寫的是電影情節(jié)。故選A項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Forthefirsttime,humanityhasdemonstratedtheabilitytochangetheorbitofanasteroid,“saidRalphSemmel,directorofthelab.”（實驗室主任拉爾夫·塞梅爾說：“人類首次展示了改變小行星軌道的能力）可知，DART的任務(wù)是改變Dimorphos的軌道。故選C項?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“DARThadspottedDimorphosonlyanhourearlier,asadotoflight.Then,Dimorphosgrewbiggerandbigger,untilitssurfacefilledthescreen.Theengineerswereontheirfeet,cheering.”Normally,losingsignalfromthespacecraftisverybad,“Semmelsaid.”Butthistime,itwastheidealoutcome.“”（DART僅在一小時前發(fā)現(xiàn)了Dimorphos，就像一個光點。然后，Dimmorphos變得越來越大，直到它的表面填滿了屏幕。工程師們站起來歡呼?！比窢栒f：“通常情況下，失去航天器的信號是非常糟糕的。但這一次，這是一個理想的結(jié)果”）可知，工程師們歡呼是因為DART成功完成了任務(wù)。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“IfanyofthoseasteroidsturnsouttobeonacollisioncoursewithEarth,theDARTmissionshowsthatchangingitsorbitisarealisticpossibility.”（如果這些小行星中的任何一顆與地球發(fā)生碰撞，DART任務(wù)表明改變其軌道是一種現(xiàn)實的可能性。）可知，DART任務(wù)的意義是為小行星撞擊提供解決方案。故選B項。第二節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Hungerandmalnutritionstillexistintheworld.Luckily,thereareexciting,creativesolutionstosolvingtheextrafoodcomingfromrestaurants,grocerystores,andfarmers.___16___OnJune7,2022,Spainadoptedadraftbillonleftovers.Foodbusinesseswillhavetosubmittheirplanstoreducefoodwaste.___17___Restaurantswillsoonberequiredtoprovidecontainersforcustomerstotakehometheirleftovers.Althoughthismayseemlikenormalpractice,inSpain,thisisnotthecustom.Withthisupcominglaw,dinerscanrequesttheirleftoverstobewrappedinrecycledpackagingfornoextracost.___18___Supermarketswillalsobeaskedtodonatetheirunsoldfoodtofoodbanksandneighborhoodorganizations.___19___Itcanhelpreducegreenhousegasses,ensurethereismorefoodforthehungry,andsavemoneyinaneconomicdepression.Itmayalsohealnatureasthere’llbelessdemandtodestroyforesttogrowcropsandraiselivestock.This,inturn,couldreducetheusageofwateranddecreasepollutionintheagriculturalsector.AlongwithFranceandItaly,Spainispavingthewayforothercountriestoaddressthisglobalissue.Spainhopestoenforcethesenewlawsby2023andisalsodevelopinganawarenessprogramtoeducatetheconsumer.Muchfoodwastealsocomesfromwithinthehousehold.___20___Hence,teachingchildrenaboutfoodwasteisabigsteptowardsmakingtheworldabetter,lesshungryplace.A.Astheproverbgoes,“Charitybeginsathome.”B.Ifrestaurantsfailtodothis,theycouldbefined.C.Jointeffortsareneededtodealwiththisglobalissue.D.Asafamoussayinggoes,“Onegoodturndeservesanother.”E.Reducingfoodwasteisofgreatsignificanceinahungryworld.F.Insteadofbeingthrownout,unusedfoodwillsoonberepurposed.G.Thisnewbillwillimpressuponthepublicanewattitudetowardsfoodwaste.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.E20.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一些國家方法采取措施來減少食物浪費?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Luckily,thereareexciting,creativesolutionstosolvingtheextrafoodcomingfromrestaurants,grocerystores,andfarmers.”（幸運的是，有令人興奮的、創(chuàng)造性的解決方案來解決來自餐館、雜貨店和農(nóng)民的額外食物）可知，選項承接上文說明如何解決來自餐館、雜貨店和農(nóng)民的額外食物。故F選項“不用的食物很快就會被重新利用，而不是被扔掉?！惫蔬xF項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“OnJune7,2022,Spainadoptedadraftbillonleftovers.Foodbusinesseswillhavetosubmittheirplanstoreducefoodwaste.”（2022年6月7日，西班牙通過了一項關(guān)于剩菜剩飯的法案草案。食品企業(yè)必須提交減少食物浪費的計劃）可知，選項承接上文說明法案的作用。故G選項“這項新法案將使公眾對食物浪費產(chǎn)生一種新的態(tài)度?！惫蔬xG項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Withthisupcominglaw,dinerscanrequesttheirleftoverstobewrappedinrecycledpackagingfornoextracost.”（根據(jù)這項即將出臺的法律，用餐者可以要求用回收包裝打包剩菜剩飯，而無需額外費用）可知，選項承接上文，說明餐館做不到如上的要求的后果。故B選項“如果餐館未能做到這一點，他們可能會被罰款”切題。故選B項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Itcanhelpreducegreenhousegasses,ensurethereismorefoodforthehungry,andsavemoneyinaneconomicdepression.Itmayalsohealnatureasthere’llbelessdemandtodestroyforesttogrowcropsandraiselivestock.”（它可以幫助減少溫室氣體，確保饑餓的人有更多的食物，并在經(jīng)濟蕭條時省錢。它還可能治愈自然，因為為了種植作物和飼養(yǎng)牲畜而破壞森林的需求將減少）可知，減少食物浪費意義重大。故E選項“在一個饑餓的世界里，減少食物浪費意義重大?！鼻蓄}。故選E項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Muchfoodwastealsocomesfromwithinthehousehold.”（許多食物浪費也來自家庭內(nèi)部）；根據(jù)下文“Hence,teachingchildrenaboutfoodwasteisabigsteptowardsmakingtheworldabetter,lesshungryplace.”（因此，教育孩子關(guān)于食物浪費的知識是讓世界變得更美好、更少饑餓的一大步）可知，選項進一步強調(diào)家庭對于減少浪費的重要性。故A選項“正如諺語所說，“慈善始于家庭”切題。故選A項。第二部分：語言運用第一節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。JustbeforeNewYear’sDay,Iwasinacheesestore,purchasingsomecheese.I___21___ayoungmanaskingthesalesgirlabout“meringue(蛋白酥皮)sugar”.Hismotherhadgivenhimstrict___22___tobuynootherkind,buthedidn’tknowwhatthestuffwas.Thesalesgirl___23___tobewithoutaclue,too.Actually,noneofthiswasany___24___ofmine.Icouldhave—shouldhave—___25___purchasedmycheese.ButinsteadI___26___myselfsaying:"Whatyourmotherprobablywantsissomethinglike…Butreally,ordinarywhitesugar___27___justfineformeringuesaslongasyoubeatitinveryslowly…”Withthesewordsescapingmylips,Iwas___28___withshock.HowcomeI___29___allthisunasked-foradvicetoacompletestrangersoautomatically?Myownmotherwasofthenon-disturbanceschoolunlessitwasa(n)____30____oflifeanddeath.Thoughshecouldalwaysproduce____31____advicewhenaskedforit,shewouldletuslearnbyexperience.Honestly,Ireally____32____thesesilencesofmymother’s.Forcenturies,theyounghavebeen____33____onthereceivingendofinstructionsfromtheirelders,whethertheylikeditornot.Maybetheelders____34____moreusefulknowledge,buttheyounghavetomaketheirownvoyage.Sometimesalltheyneedisnotyour____35____,butyourblessing.21.A.contacted B.overheard C.praised D.followed22.A.instructions B.punishment C.training D.expectations23.A.chose B.pretended C.remained D.appeared24.A.interest B.concern C.passion D.appetite25.A.gradually B.regularly C.definitely D.simply26.A.found B.busied C.enjoyed D.introduced27.A.counts B.happens C.works D.fits28.A.faced B.frozen C.impressed D.burdened29.A.madeup B.tookin C.dishedout D.commentedon30.A.matter B.priority C.sense D.option31.A.risky B.sensible C.temporary D.odd32.A.ignore B.protest C.tolerate D.appreciate33.A.ultimately B.accidentally C.willingly D.passively34.A.handle B.assess C.possess D.perceive35.A.advice B.kindness C.company D.permission【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。短文通過作者遇到一個按照他的母親的嚴(yán)格指示去買蛋白酥皮的年輕人，但是年輕人他不知道這些東西是什么的故事，作者感悟到幾個世紀(jì)以來，年輕人一直被動地接受長輩的指示，不管他們喜歡與否。也許年長的人擁有更多有用的知識，但年輕人必須走自己的路?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我無意中聽到一個年輕人問售貨員“蛋白酥皮糖”的事。A.contacted聯(lián)系；B.overheard無意中聽到；C.praised贊揚；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)上文“JustbeforeNewYear’sDay,Iwasinacheesestore,purchasingsomecheese.”可知，作者在賣奶酪，無意中聽到一個年輕人問售貨員“蛋白酥皮”的事。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的母親嚴(yán)格指示他不要買其他的，但他不知道這些東西是什么。A.instructions說明書,指示；B.punishment懲罰；C.training訓(xùn)練；D.expectations期望。根據(jù)下文“buynootherkind”可知，他的母親嚴(yán)格指示他不要買其他的。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：女售貨員似乎也毫無頭緒。A.chose選擇；B.pretended假裝；C.remained仍然是；D.appeared出現(xiàn)，似乎。根據(jù)“Thesalesgirl”以及“bewithoutaclue,too.”可知，售貨員和要買蛋白酥皮糖的人都是年輕人，所以女售貨員似乎也毫無頭緒。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，這些都與我無關(guān)。A.interest興趣；B.concern關(guān)心；C.passion熱情；D.appetite胃口。作者是來買奶酪的，所以這些都與作者無關(guān)。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我本應(yīng)該——只是買我的奶酪。A.gradually逐漸地；B.regularly有規(guī)律地；C.definitely確定地；D.simply簡單地，只是。根據(jù)上文“Icouldhave—shouldhave”以及“Actually,noneofthiswasany___4___ofmine.”可知，我只是買我的奶酪。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己卻說:“你媽媽可能想要的是……但實際上，普通的白糖也可以用來做蛋白酥皮，只要你慢慢地攪拌……”話剛出口，我就驚呆了。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.busied忙于；C.enjoyed享受；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)上文“Butinstead”以及“myselfsaying”可知，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己卻說。故選A項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己卻說:“你媽媽可能想要的是……但實際上，普通的白糖也可以用來做蛋白酥皮，只要你慢慢地攪拌……”話剛出口，我就驚呆了。A.counts數(shù)數(shù)；B.happens發(fā)生；C.works工作，起作用；D.fits適合。根據(jù)下文“justfineformeringuesaslongasyoubeatitinveryslowly…”可知，普通的白糖也可以用來做蛋白酥皮。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己卻說:“你媽媽可能想要的是……但實際上，普通的白糖也可以用來做蛋白霜，只要你慢慢地攪拌……”話剛出口，我就驚呆了。A.faced面對；B.frozen凍結(jié)；C.impressed使印象深刻；D.burdened使負(fù)重?fù)?dān)。根據(jù)上文“Withthesewordsescapingmylips”以及“HowcomeI___9___allthisunasked-foradvicetoacompletestrangersoautomatically?”可知，我就驚呆了。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我怎么會這么自動地向一個完全陌生的人拋出這些未經(jīng)詢問的建議呢？A.madeup組成；B.tookin欺騙；C.dishedout大量給予或分發(fā)；D.commentedon評論。根據(jù)上文“escapingmylips”可知，我怎么會這么自動地向一個完全陌生的人拋出這些未經(jīng)詢問的建議呢？故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己的母親屬于非干擾派，除非是生死攸關(guān)的事情。A.matter事情；B.priority優(yōu)先；C.sense感覺；D.option選擇。根據(jù)下文“oflifeanddeath.”可知，指生死攸關(guān)的事情。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管當(dāng)我們需要她時，她總能提出明智的建議，但她會讓我們從經(jīng)驗中學(xué)習(xí)。A.risky冒險的；B.sensible明智的；C.temporary暫時的；D.odd古怪的。母親總是提出明智的建議。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：說實話，我真的很感激我媽媽的沉默。A.ignore忽視；B.protest抗議；C.tolerate忍受；D.appreciate欣賞。根據(jù)上文“whenaskedforit,shewouldletuslearnbyexperience.”可知，我真的很感激我媽媽的沉默。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個世紀(jì)以來，年輕人一直被動地接受長輩的指示，不管他們喜歡與否。A.ultimately最終地；B.accidentally意外地；C.willingly愿意地；D.passively被動地。根據(jù)“Forcenturies”以及上文年輕人按照母親的要求買糖的故事可知，幾個世紀(jì)以來，年輕人一直被動地接受長輩的指示。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：也許年長的人擁有更多有用的知識，但年輕人必須走自己的路。A.handle處理；B.assess評價；C.possess擁有；D.perceive理解；察覺。根據(jù)常識可知，年長的人擁有更多有用的知識和豐富的經(jīng)驗。故選C項。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時他們需要的不是你的建議，而是你的祝福。A.advice建議；B.kindness善良；C.company公司；D.permission允許。根據(jù)“butyourblessing.”以及常識可知，年長的人需要的不是你的建議，而是你的祝福。故選A項。第二節(jié)：閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MyGreatEscape:InspiringInnsbruckIwasfinallyonmywaytoInnsbruck,withtherecent___36___(relax)intravelrestriction.Itwasthecapital500yearsago___37___theHolyRomanEmperorMaximilianresidedanditstilllivesuptoitsroyalconnectionswithitsimpressivearchitecture.___38___(lie)withinsnow-cappedmountains,thisattractive,underrateddestination,isperfectforashortbreak.Asacombinationofmodernarchitectureandhistoricbuildings,thecityservesbothasadynamicuniversitytownand___39___populartouristattraction.EventheapproachtoInnsbruckAirportbyairisabreathtakingsightastheplane___40___(gentle)flies.TheGoldenRoof,asignificantlandmarkwithitsgoldencopperroofshininginthesunlight,can___41___(view)fromthestreet.Wanderingthroughthemarbledstreets,___42___(amaze)atthedramaticmountainrange,Icouldnothelpbutbeimpressedbythisawe-inspiringcity.Ofcourse,novisittoInnsbruckiscomplete___43___tryingtraditionalAustrianfood.Pavementcafesareplentifulinthecityandthereisnothingmorerelaxingthansittinginthesunshine,tastingcoffeeandwatchingtheworldgoby.Undeniably,uptonow,Innsbruck___44___(steal)myheart.Ican’twaittocomeagain____45____(sample)moreofthisdelightfulcity.【答案】36.relaxation37.where38.Lying39.a40.gently41.beviewed42.amazed43.without44.hasstolen45.tosample【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者參觀因斯布魯克的經(jīng)歷?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著最近旅行限制的放松，我終于踏上了去因斯布魯克的路上。作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞relaxation，不可數(shù)。故填relaxation?！?7題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：它是500年前神圣羅馬帝國皇帝馬克西米利安居住時的首都，它令人印象深刻的建筑仍然保持著皇室的聯(lián)系。定語從句修飾先行詞capital，從句缺少地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。故填where?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：躺在白雪皚皚的群山之中，這個迷人的、被低估的目的地，是短暫休息的完美選擇。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知lie與邏輯主語destination為主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填Lying。【39題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：作為現(xiàn)代建筑和歷史建筑的結(jié)合，這座城市既是一個充滿活力的大學(xué)城，也是一個受歡迎的旅游景點。attraction為泛指，且popular是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：即使是乘飛機接近因斯布魯克機場，當(dāng)飛機輕輕地飛行時，也是令人嘆為觀止的景象。修飾動詞fly應(yīng)用副詞gently，故填gently?！?1題詳解】考查語態(tài)。句意：金色屋頂是一個重要地標(biāo)，金色的銅屋頂在陽光下閃閃發(fā)光，可以從街上看到。TheGoldenRoof與view構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且can后跟動詞原形。故填beviewed?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：漫步在大理石街道上，驚嘆于壯觀的山脈，我不禁被這座令人敬畏的城市所打動。作狀語，表示“感到驚訝的”應(yīng)用形容詞amazed。故填amazed?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)然，去因斯布魯克不嘗試傳統(tǒng)的奧地利食物是不完整的。后跟動名詞作賓語，表示“沒有”應(yīng)用介詞without。故填without。【44題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：不可否認(rèn)，到目前為止，因斯布魯克已經(jīng)偷走了我的心。根據(jù)上文uptonow可知為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為Innsbruck，助動詞用has。故填hasstolen?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我迫不及待地想再來看看這個令人愉快的城市。作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故填tosample。第三部分：寫作46.假定你是李華，得知你的英國朋友Eric對中國文化感興趣，請你給他寫封郵件推介短視頻系列—英文動畫版《西游記》(JourneytotheWest)。內(nèi)容如下：1.寫信目的；2.推薦理由；3.期待交流。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearEric,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearEric,GuesswhatI'vegottoshare?SinceyoushowkeeninterestinChineseculture,I'mwritingtorecommendanEnglishsho