Unit1-高一英語單元速記巧練（人教版2019）（原卷版）

Unit1話題節(jié)日活動詞匯Congratulaterangefigurefeaturetypicalreflectfaithoccasionrepresentfancymomentrespectdecoratesignificantmarchoriginharvestgatherfadeevilbeliefmerryroastfrankregionrepresentfancybriefrespect短語dressupafteralltakeadvantageofrangefromtofadeawayinspiteofhaveinmontobefrankgooffexceptforsetofffromnearandfarbemovedbypreparefor句型asif引導含虛擬語氣的方式狀語從句“nomatter+特殊疑問詞”引導讓步狀語從句現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語because引導表語從句語法動詞ing形式用作定語和表語寫作anarrativeessayaboutafestivalorcelebrationexperience圍繞節(jié)日的記敘文Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations考點1．dress(sb)up穿上盛裝；裝扮拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(劍橋高階)Hewasdressed________adarkgreysuit.②(柯林斯詞典)Ijustlovethefunofdressing________inanotherera'sclothing.能力提升單句表達③(牛津高階)他不知道如何穿著得體。Hehasnoideaof______________________．④(柯林斯詞典)他竭力籌備好各項事宜，以便這次出行看上去像聯(lián)合國代表團出訪一樣。Hetriedtoorganizethingssothatthetripswould____________________aUNmission.考點2．congratulatevt.向(某人)道賀；(因某事)為自己感到自豪拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Youcancongratulate________(you)onhavingdoneanexcellentjob.②(牛津高階)Icongratulatedthemall________theirresults.③(柯林斯詞典)Isaid________(congratulate)andwalkedovertohimandshookhishand.能力提升單句表達④(柯林斯詞典)俱樂部還就布朗被任命為會長一事向她表示了祝賀。Theclubalso__________________________toD.Brownonherappointmentaspresident.考點3．a(chǎn)fterall畢竟；別忘了拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)All________allithadbeenagreatsuccess.②(牛津高階)First________allwemustidentifytheproblemareas.能力提升單句表達③(柯林斯詞典)他畢竟不能阻止世上所有的惡行。Hecouldnot,____________，stopalltheevilintheworld.④(牛津高階)她突然意識到她從開始就錯了。Itsuddenlycametoherthatshehadbeenwrong____________.考點4．rangen.一系列；范圍、界限vi.包括；(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Therewillbeanincreasein________rangeof0to3percent.②(中國日報)WangYuanyuan,thescenicarea'sbrandmanager,saidtheagesofitsvisitorsrange________20to45,andmostofthemareparentswithchildren.③(牛津高階)Thiscaris________therangeofmostpeople'spockets;wecan'tafforditeither.能力提升單句表達④(柯林斯詞典)那些薄薄的小冊子描述了一系列服務和設施。Theslimbookletsdescribe________________servicesandfacilities.⑤(劍橋高階)價格在50美元到250美元之間。Prices____________$50and$250.考點5．figuren.人物；數(shù)字；身材vt.認為；認定拓展經(jīng)典練寫出下列句中figure的含義①(牛津高階)By2004,thisfigurehadrisento14million.________②(柯林斯詞典)ErniesawthedimfigureofRoseinthechair.________③(牛津高階)Ifigured(that)ifItookthenighttrain,IcouldbeinScotlandbymorning.________④IwonderhowMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.________能力提升單句表達⑤(柯林斯詞典)他們用了大約一個月的時間才弄明白如何啟動這臺設備。Ittookthemaboutonemonthto____________________________．考點6．featurevt.以……為特色n.特色；特征；特點拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(中國日報)“TheyallconstitutethediversityofarchitectureinHunan;the________(feature)differfromotherprovinces，”Tansays.②(朗文當代)ThefilmfeaturedMadonBrando________theGodfather.能力提升單句表達③(朗文當代)語言學習在英語文學課程中應當很重要。Astudyoflanguageshould____________anEnglishliteraturecourse.考點7．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(柯林斯詞典)Theroomis________(typical)simpleandunadorned,withwhitewallsandatiledfloor.②(牛津高階)Thispatternofwoodsandfieldsistypical________theEnglishlandscape.能力提升單句表達③(劍橋高階)伊恩的典型做法就是把那么多錢花在設備上，然后在課程中途失去了興趣。____________________________allthatmoneyontheequipmentandthenloseinteresthalfwaythroughthecourse.考點8．takeadvantageof利用；欺騙；占……的便宜拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)HerFrenchupbringinggiveshercertainadvantages________otherstudentsinherclass.②(劍橋高階)Itwouldbe________youradvantagetoagreetohisdemands.能力提升單句表達③(柯林斯詞典)我打算充分利用這次旅行來購買我們需要的物品。Iintendto____________________thistriptobuythethingsweneed.考點9．Festivalsarebeingmoreandmoremercial,withbusinessestakingadvantageofthecelebrations．隨著商業(yè)對這些慶?；顒拥睦?，節(jié)日變得越來越商業(yè)化。[剖析]句中的with復合結構(with＋名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞)作狀語。with復合結構可在句中表示狀態(tài)或背景，常作伴隨、方式、原因、條件等狀語。經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Withthehomework________(finish),theboywentouttoplay.②(牛津高階)Don'tstand________yourhandsinyourpockets.③(2022·全國乙卷)Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdrones________(assist)thecrews'efforts.能力提升單句表達④(劍橋高階)隨著考試的臨近，復習一下你的課堂筆記是個不錯的主意。________________，it'sagoodideatoreviewyourclassnotes.⑤(牛津高階)天氣若不很冷，我總開著窗戶睡覺。Isleep______________________unlessit'sreallycold.考點10．reflectvt.顯示；反映；反射拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(朗文當代)Hisspeechwasanaccurate________(reflect)ofthepublicmood.②(劍橋高階)Themanagerdemandedtimetoreflect________whattodo.③(劍橋高階)Hesawhimselfreflected________thewater.能力提升單句表達④(2021·浙江高考)她非常漂亮，她的房子就是她自己的寫照，一切都很有品位，秩序井然。Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewas____________________，everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.考點11．faithn.宗教信仰；信任；相信拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Theeventswere________(faith)recordedinherdiary.②(劍橋高階)His________(faith)olddogacpaniedhimeverywherehewent.③(牛津高階)Ihaven'tmuchfaith________thismedicine.能力提升單句表達④(劍橋高階)她如實講述了那晚發(fā)生的事情。She____________________whathadhappenedonthatnight.考點12．occasionn.特別的事情(或儀式、慶典)；(適當?shù)?機會拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Itshouldhavebeenanoccasion________rejoicing,butshecouldnotfeelanyrealjoy.②(牛津高階)Icanrememberveryfewoccasions________hehadtocancelbecauseofillhealth.③(中國日報)Thefairisanoccasion________youcanconnectwithmanypeople.能力提升單句表達④(劍橋高階)他有時犯點小錯誤。Hehas,____________，madeasmallmistake.⑤(牛津高階)他在退休時獲贈這塊手表。Hewaspresentedwiththewatch________________hisretirement.考點13．representvt.象征；代表；相當于拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Theyrepresentedtheirconcerns________theauthorities.②(牛津高階)Thesurveycoversa________(represent)sampleofschools.③(朗文當代)Shedecidedtorepresent________(she)duringthetrial.能力提升單句表達④(劍橋高階)他自稱是個專家，可是他一竅不通。He____________________________，butheknowsnothing.考點14．fancyadj.花哨的；精致的；昂貴的vt.想要；傾慕；自以為是拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Sheratherfanciesherself________asinger.②(劍橋高階)Ididn'tfancy________(swim)inthatwater.能力提升單句表達③(劍橋高階)我想要一件簡潔的黑色禮服，不要花哨的東西。Iwantedasimpleblackdress,____________．考點15．Aftersingingsomesongs,thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield,wavingtheirarmsintheairasiftheywereeagles.在唱了幾首歌之后，參賽者們在綠色草地上跳舞，像老鷹一樣在空中揮舞著雙臂。[剖析]主句是thepetitorsdancedontothegreenfield;Aftersingingsomesongs作時間狀語；waving...eagles是v.-ing形式作伴隨狀語；其中asif引導方式狀語從句。拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(牛津高階)Ifeltasifmyheart________(stop).②(牛津高階)Itsoundsasthoughyou________(have)agoodtime.③(牛津高階)Atonestageitlookedasthoughthey________(win).能力提升單句表達④(劍橋高階)我覺得好像已經(jīng)曬了好幾個小時的太陽。Ifelt________________________inthesunforhours.考點16．momentn.片刻；瞬間拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(朗文當代)I'llebacktothepoint________amoment.②(牛津高階)We'rehappylivinginaflat________themomentbutwemaywanttomovetoahousesoon.能力提升單句表達③(牛津高階)也許你沒注意到，可我此刻忙得不可開交。Itmighthaveescapedyournotice,but________________________.④(朗文當代)他說他一到家就給你打。Hesaidhe'dphoneyou________________________________．考點17．respectn．&vt.尊敬；尊重拓展經(jīng)典練單句語法填空①(2022·全國甲卷)Thethreedogsformedapackthat,withcoaching,________(respect)Flora'sspace.②(朗文當代)Oldpeopledeservetobetreated________respect.③(牛津高階)Shehasahealthyrespect________herrival'stalents.能力提升單句表達④(中國日報)為全面建成小康社會，2015年，中央加大了全國脫貧攻堅力度。Tobuildamoderatelyprosperoussociety____________，thecentralgovernmentsteppedupitsnationwidecampaigntoeliminatepovertyin2015.⑤(劍橋高階)新教師必須要贏得學生的尊重。Newteachershaveto____________________theirstudents.語法點：Ving做定語和表語非謂語：1.todo(表目的和將來）doing(ving)(表主動和正在進行）：現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞done（ved）(表被動和完成）動詞ing形式由“動詞原形+ing”構成。動詞ing形式可在句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語，賓語補足語和狀語，但是不能單獨作謂語。動詞Ving形式在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語以及狀語。今天我們主要研討一下其作定語和表語的用法：一、Ving形式作定語1.單個的動詞Ving形式作定語，通常位于所修飾詞之前。例如：boilingwater，therisingsun，thesurprisingnews，themovingblackboardWhichclassdoestheshoutingboyefrom？那個大喊大叫的男孩來自哪個班？2.由動詞Ving形式構成的短語作定語，只能位于所修飾詞之后。例如：WhoisthegirlfollowingourEnglishteacheralltheway？一直跟在我們英語老師身后的那個女孩是誰？Theboyhavingseentheaccidentsaidthatthecarknockedthemanoffhisbike.看見事故的那個男孩說那輛車把那個人從自行車上撞落下來?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語，相當于定語從句的省略，上述三句可補全如下：Whichclassdoestheboythatisshoutingefrom？WhoisthegirlthatfollowedourEnglishteacheralltheway？Theboywhohadseentheaccidentsaidthatthecarknockedthemanoffhisbike.3.Ving形式作定語，還可表示所修飾詞語的用途，可換用for表示。例如：asleepingcar=acarforsleeping臥鋪車廂asleepingpill=apillforsleeping安眠藥丸awalkingstick=astickforwalking拐杖aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming游泳池當然，Ving形式作定語更多的時候說明的是所修飾詞的性質(zhì)、特征、所處的狀態(tài)等。例如：asleepingdog=adogthatissleeping正在睡覺的狗awalkingman=amanwhoiswalking正在走路的男子4.另外，Ving形式作定語時，容易和Ved分詞發(fā)生錯用。Ving形式有“主動”或“進行中”之意，Ved分詞則表示“被動”或“已完成”。試比較如下：Sheisthestudentrepresentingherschooltoattendtheconference.（表示主動）她是代表她學校參會的那個學生。Ithinkyouhavetoagreeheisarespectedcolumnist.（表示被動）我想你得承認他是個備受尊敬的專欄作家。Youcantdrinkboilingwater.Youcandrinkboiledwater.你不能飲用滾燙的水，你可以飲用（涼）開水。（Ving形式表進行中，Ved分詞表已完成）二、Ving形式作表語Ving形式作表語可分兩種情況：1.相當于形容詞;2.相當于名詞。例如：Englishisquiteinteresting.（interesting相當于形容詞）HerjobisteachingEnglish.（teachingEnglish相當于名詞）第一種情況，應注意其與過去分詞的區(qū)別。Ving形式表示“主動”之意，Ved分詞則表示“被動”。試比較如下：Thisnewsisreallydisappointing.Wearealldisappointedatthenews.這個消息真地很令人失望。我們對這個消息都很失望。（Ving形式表主動，Ved分詞表被動）第二種情況易與進行時結構相混，可從以下兩個方面予以區(qū)別：1.看主語是否是Ving動詞的執(zhí)行者（即Ving動詞的動作是否是句子主語的動作）。是則為進行時，不是則為Ving形式。例如：1）Heiscleaningthestreet.他正在打掃街道。2）Hisjobiscleaningthestreet.他的工作是打掃街道。例1中的clean是主語he的動作，為進行時。例2中的clean顯然不是hisjob的動作，為Ving形式。2.看Ving動詞（結構）能否與主語對換位置。能則為Ving形式，不能則為進行時。例如：3）Themostdifficultproblemisbuildingthebridgebase.最困難的問題是建造橋基。4）Theyarebuildingthebridgebase.他們正在建造橋基。例3可以調(diào)整為：“Buildingthebridgebaseisthemostdifficultproblem.”，故為Ving形式。而例4則不能（Buildingthebridgearethey.不正確），故為進行時。【跟蹤練習】一、用動詞Ving形式改寫下列句子。1.Idon’tknowthemanwhoisnoddingtomyfather.2.Atrainwasingandtheboywhowasplayingonthetrackswastoofrightenedtomove.3.Thepatientissittingintheroomwhichfacessouth.4.Thedustmenwhoweregoingonstrikesaidtheywerebadlypaid.5.TodayatleastintheeyesofthelawblackswholiveinAmericahavetheequalrightsaswhites.6.Airwhichgivesuslifeisaroundus.7.ThewatchthatbelongstoMaryislost.8.Wecanseetheplaneistakingofffromtheairport.9.Isawhewasridinghisbikeinthestreet.10.ThecitizensinPisasawalightballandaheavyballwerefallingataboutthesamespeed.二、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1.Theteacherandstudentswereall____（please）withthe____（please）result.2.Therearetwohundredboys____（range）fromseventofourteeninage.3.Fromhersadexpression，wecanknowthattheouteisreally____（disappoint）.4.A____（fly）birdcanbeagreatdangertoanyairplane，____（cause）anaircrash.5.The____（defeat）playerreceivedan____（encourage）messagefromhiswife.6.Ourfirststepis____（divide）thehallintoseveralseparateoffices.7.Themostdifficulttaskwas____（search）forthelostchildinthevalley.8.____（boil）waterisstillveryhotwhile____（boil）watermaybecoolenoughtodrink.9.The____（march）soldierswere____（excite），____（shout）slogansalltheway.10.Thenaughtyboyisextremely____（disappoint）.Hisbehaviormadetheteacher____（annoy）again.好句鑒賞：1.這一節(jié)日于每年農(nóng)歷六月初四開始，持續(xù)三天。Thefestivalfallsontheforthdayofthesixthmonthofthelunarcalender,usuallylastingforthreedays.2.我看到許多人身著華麗的蒙古袍。IsawalotofpeoplewearingfancyMongolianrobes.3.這剛與柔的展示深深地打動了我。Iwasquitemovedbytheirshowofstrengthandgrace.晚會上精彩的表演深深地打動了我。Iwasquitemovedbythewonderfulperformanceattheeveningparty.4.我頓時明白了為什么人們說“馬是蒙古文化的核心”。ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay“HorsesareattheheartofMongolianculture”.我頓時明白了為什么人們說“團圓是中國人的信仰”。ThatwasthemomentIstartedtounderstandwhypeoplesay“ReunionisthebeliefoftheChinesepeople”.5.(那達慕大會）它主要有三大賽事：賽馬，摔跤和射箭，每項運動都動人心魄。It(TheNaadamFestival)isrepresentedbythreeevents:horseracing,wrestling,andarchery,whichareallsoexcitingtowatch!元宵節(jié)(LanternFestival)主要有三項活動：賞花燈，舞獅子，猜燈謎，每項運動都十分有趣。TheLanternFestivalisrepresentedbythreeevents:watchinglanterns,performingLionDance,andguessinglanternriddles,whichareallinteresting!單詞補充：節(jié)日SpringFestival春節(jié)TombsweepingFestival清明節(jié)LanternFestival元宵節(jié)DragonBoatFestival端午節(jié)MidAutumnFestival中秋節(jié)LunarNewYear’sEve除夕活動LunarNewYear'sdinner年夜飯SpringFestivalGala春晚athoroughcleaning大掃除SpringFestivalcouplets春聯(lián)setofffireworks放煙花watchlanterns賞燈guesslanternriddles猜燈謎DragonBoatracing賽龍舟ricedumplings粽子mooncakes月餅haveagettogether聚會payavisittosb.拜訪某人bebusydoing忙于……寫作實踐你校英語報Festival欄目正面向全校學生征稿,請你用英語寫一篇短文，介紹你的一次節(jié)日經(jīng)歷，并投稿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫____________________________________________________________________________________________________