廣西中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專題課件-專題1名詞

專題一名詞專題一名詞專題一┃名詞考點1可數(shù)名詞┃考點直擊

┃可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式專題一┃名詞考點1可數(shù)名詞┃考點直擊┃可數(shù)名詞的專題一┃名詞1．常用變化規(guī)則：情況構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情況加-s清輔音后讀/s/map→maps濁輔音或元音后讀/z/bag→bags

car→cars在t后讀/ts/student→students在d后讀/dz/bed→beds以s,x,sh,ch等結(jié)尾加-es讀/iz/bus→buses

watch→watches以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾變y為i，再加-es讀/z/baby→babies

city→cities專題一┃名詞1．常用變化規(guī)則：情況構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情專題一┃名詞2.部分名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化(1)以y結(jié)尾的專有名詞，或以“元音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，直接加-s。如：twoMarys

theHenrys

monkey→monkeys

holiday→holidays(2)以o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時：①加-s。如：photo→photos

piano→pianos②加-es。如：hero→heroes

potato→potatoes

tomato→tomatoes[記憶口訣]

英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿③上述①和②兩種方法均可，如：zero→zeros/zeroes專題一┃名詞2.部分名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化專題一┃名詞(3)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時：①加-s，如：belief→beliefs

roof→roofs

safe→safes

gulf→gulfs②去f，fe加-ves，如：knife→knives

leaf→leaves

wolf→wolveswife→wives

life→lives

thief→thieves(4)表示某國人的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)[記憶口訣]中日不變，英法變，其他后面加-s。中國人：Chinese→Chinese日本人：Japanese→Japanese英國人：Englishman→Englishmen法國人：Frenchman→Frenchmen德國人：German→Germans

專題一┃名詞(3)以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時：專題一┃名詞3．名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化(1)child→children

foot→feet

tooth→teeth

mouse→mice

man→men

woman→women注意：一個詞加-man或-woman可以構(gòu)成合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men和-women。如：Englishman的復(fù)數(shù)形式為Englishmen。但German不是合成詞，故其復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans。專題一┃名詞3．名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化專題一┃名詞(2)單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞。如：deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese。除人民幣的元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：adollar,twodollars;apound,twopounds。(3)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞。如：trousers(褲子)，glasses(眼鏡)，clothes(衣服)。專題一┃名詞(2)單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞。如：deer,s專題一┃名詞(4)集體名詞以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復(fù)數(shù)。如：people,police。但family,class等集體名詞作主語時，若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中的各個成員，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(5)以s結(jié)尾但仍為單數(shù)的名詞。如：maths,politics,physics等學(xué)科名詞，news(不可數(shù)名詞)，theUnitedStates等。以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名、劇名、報紙、雜志名等也視為單數(shù)。專題一┃名詞(4)集體名詞以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實為復(fù)數(shù)。如專題一┃名詞【例題解析】—Howmany________arethereinyourschool?—Twenty.womanteachers

B.womanteacher

C.womenteacher

D.womenteachers[解析]D

man和woman作定語修飾另一個復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，man和woman都應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。專題一┃名詞【例題解析】—Howmany______專題一┃名詞【典型例題訓(xùn)練】寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式house____________

2.village____________

3.map____________

4.orange____________5.bag____________

6.exercise____________7.brush____________

8.city____________9.bus____________

10.sheep____________11.German____________

12.woman____________13.leaf____________

14.tomato____________15.tooth____________

16.foot____________17.kilo____________

18.Japanese____________housesvillagesmapsorangesbagsexercisesbrushescitiesbusessheepGermanswomenleavestomatoesteethfeetkilosJapanese專題一┃名詞【典型例題訓(xùn)練】寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式ho專題一┃名詞考點2不可數(shù)名詞1．常見的不可數(shù)名詞主要分為以下幾類：(1)液體類：water,milk,juice,orange,coffee,tea,Coke,rain,wine等；(2)肉類：meat,fish,chicken,beef,pork,mutton等；(3)語言類：Chinese,Japanese,English,French,German等；(4)材料類：paper,glass,grass,bamboo,silk,cotton,wood,plastic,hair等；(5)其他類：snow,ice,wind,weather,music,money,homework,housework,information,rubbish等。專題一┃名詞考點2不可數(shù)名詞1．常見的不可數(shù)名詞主專題一┃名詞2．不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，其作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。如：Thefoodisveryfresh.食物很新鮮。專題一┃名詞2．不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，其作主語時，謂語專題一┃名詞3．既可數(shù)又不可數(shù)的名詞有些名詞既能用作可數(shù)名詞，又能用作不可數(shù)名詞，但意義不同。如：chicken—雞(可數(shù))；雞肉(不可數(shù))

room—房間(可數(shù))；空間(不可數(shù))glass—玻璃杯(可數(shù))；玻璃(不可數(shù))time—倍數(shù)、次數(shù)(可數(shù))；時間(不可數(shù))work—作品(可數(shù))；工作(不可數(shù))experience—經(jīng)歷(可數(shù))；經(jīng)驗(不可數(shù))專題一┃名詞3．既可數(shù)又不可數(shù)的名詞4.不可數(shù)名詞表示“量”的概念時，不能用冠詞和數(shù)詞修飾，而應(yīng)用much,some,alotof,lotsof,alittle,little，plentyof等修飾或使用量詞短語修飾。(可數(shù)名詞可以用many,few,afew,some,plentyof,alotof,lotsof等修飾)如：apieceofpaper一張紙muchsnow許多雪[溫馨提示]alotof,lotsof,some,plentyof這些詞或短語既能修飾可數(shù)名詞，又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞。4.不可數(shù)名詞表示“量”的概念時，不能用冠詞和數(shù)詞修飾，而專題一┃名詞【例題解析】1.—Mum,I'veheardthatwecan'teat________thesedays.Isittrue?—Takeiteasy.Itissafetoeatcookedmeat.A.chicken

B.chickens

C.achicken

D.thechicken[解析]A考查名詞的用法。chicken作“雞肉”講時，為不可數(shù)名詞，故不能用冠詞修飾，所以選A。專題一┃名詞【例題解析】1.—Mum,I'vehe專題一┃名詞2.Hehasdonemany________．A.work

B.job

C.works

D.jobs[解析]D

job是可數(shù)名詞；work作“工作”講時，是不可數(shù)名詞。many后應(yīng)接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故選D。專題一┃名詞2.Hehasdonemany__專題一┃名詞3.Itakeviolin________fromMrWangatschooleveryday.A.lesson

B.lessons

C.class

D.course[解析]B在英語中有些名詞常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。lessons表示“課程”。專題一┃名詞3.Itakeviolin_____專題一┃名詞4.There________onthewall.Theyareverynice.aresomephotos

B.aresomephotoesC.isaphoto

D.isphoto[解析]A由后句可知前句應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，photo的復(fù)數(shù)形式是photos。專題一┃名詞4.There________ont專題一┃名詞5.Thepolice________searchingforatallmanwithlonghair.A.is

B.hasbeen

C.hadbeen

D.are[解析]D

police是集體名詞，作主語時，謂語要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。專題一┃名詞5.Thepolice________專題一┃名詞【典型例題訓(xùn)練】(

)1.Mymotherboughtsome________formybirthdaypartyyesterday.A.apple

B.banana

C.orange

D.meat(

)2.—Oh，thereisn'tenough________forusinthelift.—Nohurry.Let'swaitforthenext.A.ground

B.floor

C.place

D.room(

)3.—I'vegotalittle________inmyhouse.—Whynotkeeptwoormore?A.juice

B.mice

C.bread

D.fishDDD專題一┃名詞【典型例題訓(xùn)練】()1.Mymoth專題一┃名詞(

)4.Thesweetest________intheworldisbirds'singing,Ithink.A.cry

B.noise

C.voice

D.sound(

)5.Theyhavemuch________.Let'sgoandborrowsome.A.rules

B.paper

C.erasers

D.sharpeners(

)6.—What'syourfavourite________？—Oranges.A.color

B.fruit

C.juice

D.vegetableDBB專題一┃名詞()4.Thesweetest___專題一┃名詞(

)7.—Wouldyoulikesome________？—No,thankyou.I'mnothungryatall.A.tea

B.water

C.bread

D.coffee(

)8.—IplantogooutforabicycletriptoShanghai.ButI'mafraidIdon'tknowthe________．—Amapishelpful,Ithink.A.time

B．way

C．weather

D．priceCB專題一┃名詞()7.—Wouldyoulike專題一┃名詞(

)9.Pleasepassus________．A.twoglassofmilk

B.twoglassofmilksC.twoglassesofmilks

D.twoglassesofmilk(

)10.TheseGermanswanttohavesome________forsupper，sotheydecidetocatch________now.A.fish;many

B.fishes;muchC.fish;much

D.fishes;manyDA專題一┃名詞()9.Pleasepassus專題一┃名詞考點3名詞所有格的構(gòu)成1.名詞所有格用于表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系，有兩種形式：'s所有格和of所有格。專題一┃名詞考點3名詞所有格的構(gòu)成1.名詞所有格專題一┃名詞2.名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下：(1)一般情況下在名詞后加“'s”，不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞也要加“'s”。如：theboy'sbag那個男孩的書包Children'sDay兒童節(jié)(2)以“s”結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加“'”。如：Teachers'Day教師節(jié)(3)“of＋表示無生命物體的名詞”構(gòu)成所有格。如：thenameofthesong這首歌的名字(4)在表示店鋪、診所或某人的家時，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞。如：thedoctor's醫(yī)生的診所專題一┃名詞2.名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下：專題一┃名詞(5)如果兩個名詞并列，若名詞后分別有's，則表示“分別所有”；若只在后一個名詞后有's，則表示“共有”。如：John'sandMary'srooms(約翰和瑪麗各自的房間)

JohnandMary'sroom(約翰和瑪麗共有的房間)(6)雙重所有格的兩種形式：of＋名詞所有格；of＋名詞性物主代詞。如：Sheisafriendofmysister's.她是我姐姐的一個朋友。Isheasonofyours?他是你的兒子嗎？專題一┃名詞(5)如果兩個名詞并列，若名詞后分別有's，專題一┃名詞(7)somebody,everybody等不定代詞與else連用時，“'s”加在else后面。如：somebodyelse'sbook別人的書(8)表示時間、距離、國家、城市等無生命的事物的名詞也可加“'s”或“'”來構(gòu)成所有格。如：twodays'holiday兩天的假期oneweek'stime一周的時間專題一┃名詞(7)somebody,everybody專題一┃名詞【例題解析】1.________fatherisadoctor.A.Thetwin'sB.Thetwins'C.ThetwinD.Twin's[解析]B

thetwins為以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其所有格形式只需在詞尾加“'”。專題一┃名詞【例題解析】1.________fathe專題一┃名詞2.—Whoseroomisthis？—It's________．LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily'sC.Lucy'sandLily's[解析]B本題考查名詞所有格。由room是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可知，這個房間是露西和莉莉所共同擁有的，故選B。專題一┃名詞2.—Whoseroomisthis專題一┃名詞【典型例題訓(xùn)練】(

)1.—Thisisaphotoof________whentheywereyoung.—Oh,howhappytheybothlooked!myfatherandmotherB.mymotherandfather'sC.mymother'sandfather'sD.myfather'sandmymother(

)2.TodayisSeptember10th.It's________Day.Let'sgoandbuysomeflowersforourteachers.A.TeachersB.Teachers'C.theTeachers'D.Teacher'sAB專題一┃名詞【典型例題訓(xùn)練】()1.—Thisi專題一┃名詞(

)3.Themarketisn'tfarfromhere.It'sonly________bicycleride.halfanhours'B.halfanhour'sC.halfanhourD.anhourandahalf(

)4.—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls?—________，please.A.TwocupofcoffeeB.TwocupofcoffeesC.TwocupsofcoffeeD.Twocupsofcoffees(

)5.Aftertheexam,we'llhavea________holiday.twoweeksB.two-weeksC.twoweeks'D.twoweek'sBCC專題一┃名詞()3.Themarketisn'專題一┃名詞(

)6.Theyarethose________bags.Pleaseputthemonthebus.A.visitorB.visitorsC.visitor'sD.visitors'(

)7.Myschoolisabouttwenty________walkfromhere.A.minuteB.minutes'C.minutes'sD.minutes(

)8.Istayedat________lastSunday.myunclesB.myuncleC.myuncle'sD.myuncle'sfamily

DBC專題一┃名詞()6.Theyarethose專題一┃名詞┃鞏固練習(xí)┃一、單項選擇(

)1.WewenttoDr.Brown'syesterday.Hegaveus________．A.someadviceB.advicesC.anadviceD.someadvices(

)2.What________they'vegot!Nowondertheyareveryhappy.A.agoodnewsB.quiteafewnewsC.goodnewsD.littlenewsAC專題一┃名詞┃鞏固練習(xí)┃一、單項選擇AC專題一┃名詞(

)3.Much________tofightagainstpollution.havebeendoneB.hasbeendoneC.hadbeendoneD.hasdone(

)4.What________！Let'sgoswimming.afineweatherB.finedayC.afinedayD.badweather(

)5.Youhavemade________.Youshouldbemorecareful.A.alotofmistakeB.agreatdealofmistakesC.alargenumberofmistakesD.fewmistakesBCC專題一┃名詞()3.Much________t專題一┃名詞(

)6.Beforewemovedintothenewhouse,weboughtmany________．furnituresB.furnitureC.piecesoffurnitureD.piecesoffurnitures(

)7.Thebookshelfoverthereis________．A.Mary'sandJane'sB.Mary'sandJaneC.MaryandJane'sD.MaryandJane(

)8.Wesawtheguestoffat________yesterday.theShanghai'sRailwayStationB.theShanghaiRailwayStationC.ShanghaiRailwayStationD.theRailwayStationofBeijingRailwayCCC專題一┃名詞()6.Beforewemoved專題一┃名詞(

)9.Theyhadagoodtimeatthe________Palace.A.childrenB.Children'sC.ChildrenD.Childrens'(

)10.Lisawas________inmychildhood.A.mineclosefriendB.mineaclosefriendC.aclosefriendofmineD.aclosefriendofme(

)11.Theseare________fromotherpresses.Theyarehavingameetinginoneofthe________offices.editor-in-chiefs;editor's-in-chiefB.editors-in-chief;editors-in-chief'sC.editors-in-chief's;editor's-in-chief'sD.editor-in-chief's;editors-in-chiefBCB專題一┃名詞()9.Theyhadagood專題一┃名詞(

)12.Therearefive________inourclass.A.Zhang'sB.Zhangs'C.ZhangsD.theZhangs(

)13.—Howfarisyourschool?—________．Twenty-fiveminuteswalkB.Thewalkoftwenty-fiveminutesC.Twenty-fiveminuteswalksD.Twenty-fiveminutes'walk(

)14.—What'sthedistancefromheretothestation?—It's________fromhere.A.twokilometredistanceB.twokilometres'distanceC.distanceoftwokilometersD.distanceoftwokilometres'DBC專題一┃名詞()12.Therearefive專題一┃名詞(

)15.We'regoingtohavea________nextmonth.twoday'holidayB.twodayholidayC.twodaysholidayD.twodays'holiday(

)16.—Who'syourcousin?—________．Uncleoraunt'ssonB.Uncleoraunt'sdaughterC.Uncle'soraunt'schildD.Uncleoraunt'sbrotherorsister(

)17.Shealwayswearsbeautiful________．A.clothesB.clothC.dressD.clothingsCAD專題一┃名詞()15.We'regoingto專題一┃名詞(

)18.Willyouhavealittle________？morefishesB.morefishC.muchfishesD.fishes(

)19.There________inmyclass.Whichofthemdoyouwanttosee?isJohnB.arethreeJohnsC.aretheJohn'sD.istheJohn(

)20.Twentydollars________whatheneeds.A.wasB.wereC.isD.hasbeenBBC專題一┃名詞()18.Willyouhave專題一┃名詞(

)21.TheUnitedNations________aresolution.A.haspastB.haspassedC.havepassedD.hasthrough(

)22.The

Arabian

Nights________averyinterestingstorybook.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.hadbeen(

)23.The

New

York

Times________awidecirculation.A.isB.hasC.areD.haveBAB專題一┃名詞()21.TheUnitedNat專題一┃名詞(

)24.Mathematics________averyimportantsubject.A.areB.isC.wereD.was(

)25.Hismathematics________weak.A.isB.seemsC.wasD.are(

)26.Anironwork