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KeyPointsinChapter17ArthurHughCloughGerardManleyHopkinsEdwardFitzgeraldTheAestheticMovementKeyPointsinChapter17Arthur1ArthurHughClough
(1819-1861)
IntroductionTheshepherdpoetinMathewArnold’selegy,Thyrsis,CloughwasoneofArnold’sclosestfriendsintemperamentandsensitivity.HewrotethebestkindofhexametersinEnglishpoetry.Allhislifehewastornbetweenfaithanddoubt.Thepeoplearehopelessandbelief-less.Thereisnoheavenorhell.So“Eat,drink,anddie.”Majorworks:Dipsychus,“SayNotStruggleNoughtAvaileth”ArthurHughClough
(1819-1861)2GerardManleyHopkins
(1844-1889)
IntroductionIHeprovedhimselftobeoneofthefinestVictorianpoetsbothinvirtuosityandinnovativeenthusiasm.Todayinterestinhispoetryandthoughtisvisiblyontheincrease.Hopkinswasoddandobscure.Hisepic-lengthTheWreckoftheDeutschlandisdifficultbutranksalongwithIdyllsoftheKingandTheRingandtheBook.Hewroteinhiskindofrhythmwhichhecalledthe“sprungrhythm.”GerardManleyHopkins
(1844-183Chapters-19-20--英國(guó)文學(xué)簡(jiǎn)史ppt(English-Literature)4Chapters-19-20--英國(guó)文學(xué)簡(jiǎn)史ppt(English-Literature)5TheAestheticMovement
IntroductionIIThemoralaestheticoftheperiodbecamewithtimetoodemandingforthoseintellectuallysensitivepeople.TheAestheticMovementwastheexactoppositeinnaturetotheheavilydidactictendencyoftheearlyandHighVictorianperiod.ThemovementrepresentstheperplexedreactiononthepartofthethinkingmindstothehumdrumanddishonestcivilizationoftheVictorianperiodandanattempttoescapefromit.JohnRuskinwasamongthefirsttospeakoutagainsttheprevailingtrend.TheAestheticMovement
Introdu6TheAestheticMovement
IntroductionIIIAgroupofyoungpeoplewithpoet-painterDanteGabrielRossettiasitschiefformedthemselvesin1848whattheycalledthePre-RaphaeliteBrotherhoodandjoinedthefightforbeauty.Thesocalled“Pre-Raphaelite”means“theperiodbeforetheRenaissance”orthemedievalperiodwhenpureartwasnotonlytoleratedbutprized.Allthroughthe1870sthecultofbeautybecameafactoflife.Thetheoryofartforart’ssakeappeared.TheAestheticMovement
Introdu7TheAestheticMovement
IntroductionIVThenOscarWilde,aneccentricyoungmanappearedonthesceneandpushedtheaestheticmovementinadifferentdirectionwhichledtoitsphaseofdecadenceandeventualdoom.Forhimartwasindependentandsuperior.Hewroteinkeepingwithhisliterarytheorythatartwasallaboutself-expressionandself-indulgenceinaestheticappetiteandhadnothingtodowithmorality.However,hiswasamorbidkindofbeauty.Decadencewashishallmark.TheAestheticMovement
Introdu8TheAestheticMovement
IntroductionVThemovementhasleftapermanentimprintuponEnglishlifeandartisticcreation.Theideaofbeautyhasbeennotonlytoleratedbutwellprizedeversince.Artistshavebecomeaspecialcategoryofpeopleandartandformhaveceasedtobealwayssecondtomorality.TheAestheticMovement
Introdu9KeyPointsinChapter18VictorianDramaGeorgeBernardShawIntroductionMrs.Warren’sProfessionManandSuperman:AComedyandaPhilosophyKeyPointsinChapter18Victor10VictorianDrama
IntroductionForthefirsthalfofthe19thcenturythestagesawnoremarkableperformancewiththeoneexceptionofShelley’sTheCenci(欽契一家
).Englishdramadidnotshowsignsofimprovementuntilafterthe1860swhensomecommendablethoughmodesteffortsbegantoappear.ButBritishdramadidnotquiteregainitsvalueuntilGeorgeBernardShawcameonthescene.VictorianDrama
Introduction11GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-1950)
IntroductionIHewontheNobelPrizein1925.HetookanimmenseinterestintheexplorationofmaninrelationtohiseconomicstatusinKarlMarx’sCapital,whichofferedhimaguidelineforunderstandingandanalyzingreality,andfromwhichhederive3dhislifelongbeliefthattheeconomicstatusofapersonisadeterminingfactorofhislife.ShawwasalsoundertheinfluenceofLesterWard,theAmericansociologistandhisnotionoftheLifeForce,andofSchopenhauerandNietzsche,thepessimisticGermanphilosophers,andhewasasincerefollowerofHenrickIbsenwhoseplaysdealtwithsocialproblems.GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-195012GeorgeBernardShawIntroductionIIInhisopinionagoodplayisgoodnotsomuchbecauseitsplotpiquestherestlesscuriosityofitsaudienceasbecauseoftheconflictofideasthatitpresentstoprovokethinking.Tohim,noplaycanbeseriouswithoutseriousdiscussionsofgraveproblemsoflife.InmorethanonewayShawisasocialiconoclast.GeorgeBernardShawIntroductio13GeorgeBernardShawMrs.Warren’sProfessionThedramaisthemostremarkableandpopularofShaw’searlyworks.Publishedin1893,itdidnotmaketothestageuntil1902.censorshipprohibiteditspublicperformanceongroundsofimmorality.Theplay,thefirstofitskindtopresentaprostituteasitsmajorcharacter.Outlineofthestory:Mrs.KittyWarrenisanagingbutwell-offmadamwhorunsaringofbrothels—primlycalled“private”hotels—inEurope.HerdaughterVivie,educatedatCambridge,looksforwardtoasuccessfulcareerinactuarialaccounting.Whenshelearnedabouthermother’sbusiness,sheleavesherforever.Georg
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