四川省射洪中學2022-2023學年高一下學期（強基班）第二次月考英語試題

射洪中學高2022級強基班高一(下)第二次學月考試英語試題本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳答案。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.WhatwillDorothydoontheweekend?A.Gooutwithherfriend.B.Workonherpaper.C.Makesomeplans.2.WhatwasthenormalpriceoftheTshirt?A.$15.B.$30.C.$50.3.WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSundayafternoon?A.Toattendawedding.B.Tovisitanexhibition.C.Tomeetafriend.4.WhendoesthebankcloseonSaturday?A.Atl:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atahotel.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，個小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutNora?A.Sheprefersaroomofherown.B.Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.C.Shelivesnearthecitycenter.7.Whatisgoodabouttheflat?A.Ithasalargesittingroom.B.Ithasgoodfurniture.C.Ithasabigkitchen.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WherehasBarbarabeen?A.Milan.B.Florence.C.Rome.9.WhathasBarbaragotinhersuitcase?A.Shoes.B.Stones.C.Books.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoismakingthetelephonecall?A.ThomasBrothers.B.MikeLandon.C.JackCooper.11.WhatrelationisthewomantoMr.Cooper?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Hissecretary.12.Whatisthemessageabout?A.Ameeting.B.AvisittoFrance.C.Thedateforatrip.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whocouldthemanspeakermostprobablybe?A.Apersonwhosawtheaccident.B.Thedriverofthelorry.C.Apoliceofficer.14.WhatwasMrs.Franksdoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.WalkingalongChurchillAvenue.B.Gettingreadytocrosstheroad.C.Standingoutsideabank.15.Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Atabout10:00am.16.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?A.Alorryhitacar.B.Acarranintoalorry.C.Abankclerkrushedintothestreet.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoftheschool.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Theplanfortheday.18.Wherecanthevisitorslearnaboutthesubjectsfornewstudents?A.Intheschoolhall.B.Inthesciencelabs.C.Intheclassrooms.19.Whatcanstudentsdointhepracticalareas?A.Takesciencecourses.B.Enjoyexcellentmeals.C.Attendworkshops.20.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtoaskquestions?A.Duringthelunchhour.B.Afterthewelespeech.C.Beforethetourofthelabs.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共15小題;每小題2.5分，共37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASunflowerGymnasticsAtSunflowerGymnasticsweofferdifferentclassestohelpparticipantspromoteselfconfidence,buildphysicalfitnessandencourageindependence.Me&MyGrownUpThisisagreatclassfortheyoungchildrenandadultstoenjoytimetogetherexploringmovementandstartingtounderstandtheirlittlebodies.Theclassisdirectedbyinstructors,yetparentsworkdirectlywiththeirchildren.Inadditiontolearninggymnastics,thechildrenwillalsolearnvaluablesocialskills,likefollowingdirections.Saturdays&Sundays10:30a.m.—11:30a.m.Monthlyfees:$55.00HotShot&StrengthTrainingThisprogramisdesignedtoteachbasicgymnasticsskillsandensurethedevelopmentofastrongphysicalandmentalfoundationforyoungmaleathletes.Individualtrainingfocusesonstrength,flexibilityandbalance,whichcanbetransferredtoanysport.Wednesdays&Saturdays4:30p.m.—5:20p.m.Monthlyfees:$65.00NimjiaWarriorProgramThisclassisforkidsfromtheageofsixtoeleven.Studentswillpeteinasafechallengingenvironmentwhilehavingfun.Thisistheperfectprogramforachildwhohasatonofenergybecausewepromisethey’llleavetired,sweatyandtalkingabouthowmuchfuntheyhavehad!Mondays4:25p.m.—5:05p.m.Fridays7:35p.m.—8:15p.m.Monthlyfees:$57.00petitiveTeampetitiveteamisforadultathleteswhowishtoreachthenextlevelintheirpetition.Athletesareinvitedtoteambasedontheirgymnasticsskilllevels.Weattempttohelpthempromotetheirconfidenceandgrowasateammate.Tuesdays6:45p.m.—8:15p.m.Sundays5:00p.m.—6:30p.m.Monthlyfees:$73.001.Whichclassencouragesitscustomerstotaketheirkidswiththem?A.Me&MyGrownUp. B.HotShot&StrengthTraining.C.NimjiaWarriorProgram. D.petitiveTeam.2.WhatisspecialaboutNinjiaWarriorProgram?A.Itchargesthelowestfees. B.Ithasthelongestclassperiod.C.Itpromisesenergyconservation. D.Itisscheduledforweekdaysonly.3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Asportsschedule. B.Agymadvertisement.C.Aparentingguide. D.Aproductcatalogue.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章是SunflowerGymnastics的一則廣告。廣告中介紹了四門課程的特色、開設時間和月費?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Me&MyGrownUp部分的“Thisisagreatclassfortheyoungchildrenandadultstoenjoytimetogetherexploringmovementandstartingtounderstandtheirlittlebodies.Theclassisdirectedbyinstructors,yetparentsworkdirectlywiththeirchildren.Inadditiontolearninggymnastics,thechildrenwillalsolearnvaluablesocialskills,likefollowingdirections.(這是一個很好的課程，讓孩子和成年人一起享受探索運動的時間，并開始了解他們的小身體。該課程由教師指導，但家長直接與孩子合作。除了學習體操，孩子們還將學習寶貴的社交技能，比如聽從指示)”可知，Me&MyGrownUp這門課鼓勵顧客帶著孩子一起健身。故選A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NimjiaWarriorProgram部分的“Mondays4:25p.m.—5:05p.m.Fridays7:35p.m.—8:15p.m.(星期一下午4:255:05。星期五晚上7:358:15)”可知，該課程只在工作日進行。而其他三門課程在周末都有排課。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AtSunflowerGymnasticsweofferdifferentclassestohelpparticipantspromoteselfconfidence,buildphysicalfitnessandencourageindependence.(在SunflowerGymnastics，我們提供不同的課程，幫助參與者提升自信，達到身體健康，鼓勵獨立)”結(jié)合下文介紹了四門課程的特色、開設時間和月費推知，這是SunflowerGymnastics健身館的一則廣告。故選B。BAcademically,IwasanaverageB+student,shyandawkward.Inmypersonallife,therewasnoonetoencouragemetopursuemytalent,noracknowledgementthatIevenhadatalent.Luckily,MissJudge,myEnglishteacher,introducedmetoliteraturethatinitiallyinspiredmetowrite.ItwasshethatsawthepotentialinmethatIdidn'tevenknowexisted.MissJudgewasakindandlovelyperson.Shefirstremendedmesomeclassicworks,likeToKillaMockingbird,OfMiceandMenandGreekMythology.ThencameTheHorror,theonesparkingmyloveoffantasyandmagicandeverythingsupernatural,whichwillalwaysremainonmybookshelf.Onceinclass,wewereassignedtowriteasceneinspiredbyHamlet,theplaywewerereading.Excitedaboutthechancetowrite,Iworkedextrahardonit.AfterIhandeditin,MissJudgewasreallyimpressedandaskedifshecouldreadittothewholeclass.Irefused.Eventoday,Istillregretthatdecision.Atthetime,IfeltlikeeveryonewouldthinkIwasdeliberatelytryingtoimpressthembyrubbingmygreatstoryintheirface.Inmysenioryear,MissJudgeaskedustowritejournalentries,whichshewouldread.Iwasstillnervousaboutothersreadingmywriting.Tobreakfromthatfear,Idecidedtojustbefunny.Myjournalwasfilledwithmyhumorousobservations,kindoflikewhatyouseeontheblogtoday.Andshelovedthem,sayingIhadanaturaltalentasawriter.Nothingwasmorefulfilling.So,Ikeptwriting.Shewrotememanyencouragingnotes,pushingmetopursueacareerasawriter.Istillhavethosenotes,hopingthatnexttimeshehearsmyname,it'sbecauseI'dhavewonthePulitzerPrize.4.Whichbookmaybetheauthor'sfavorite?A.ToKillaMockingbird. B.TheHorror.C.GreekMythology. D.Hamlet.5.Whywastheauthorunwillingtohaveherwritingreadpublicly?A.Shewasafraidtoloseface. B.Shedidn'tthinkitgoodenough.C.Shedidn'twanttobeconsideredashowoff. D.Shehatedtoreadaloudbeforethewholeclass.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMissJudge?A.Inspiring. B.Learned. C.Creative. D.Humorous.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthormainlywanttoconveyinthetext?A.Hardworkwillpayoffinnotime. B.Writingopensupthedoorofsuccess.C.Studentsshouldreadasmuchaspossible. D.Recognitionandencouragementmakeadifference.【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.D【解析】【導語】本文是記敘文。作者講述了自己在Judge女士的鼓勵和認可下，從一個成績一般，害羞笨拙的學生開始閱讀并寫作，最后成為一個作家的經(jīng)歷。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Shefirstremendedmesomeclassicworks,likeToKillaMockingbird,OfMiceandMenandGreekMythology.ThencameTheHorror,theonesparkingmyloveoffantasyandmagicandeverythingsupernatural,whichwillalwaysremainonmybookshelf.(她首先向我推薦了一些經(jīng)典作品，比如《殺死一只知更鳥》《老鼠與人》和《希臘神話》。然后是《恐怖》，它激發(fā)了我對幻想、魔法和一切超自然事物的熱愛，它將永遠放在我的書架上。)”可知，《恐怖》可能是作者最喜歡的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Iwasstillnervousaboutothersreadingmywriting.Tobreakfromthatfear,Idecidedtojustbefunny.Myjournalwasfilledwithmyhumorousobservations,kindoflikewhatyouseeontheblogtoday.(我仍然對別人讀我的作品感到緊張。為了擺脫這種恐懼，我決定變得有趣。我的日記里充滿了我幽默的觀察，就像你今天在博客上看到的那樣。)”可知，作者不愿意作品被當眾朗讀是因為他認為自己的作品不夠好。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Luckily,MissJudge,myEnglishteacher,introducedmetoliteraturethatinitiallyinspiredmetowrite.ItwasshethatsawthepotentialinmethatIdidn'tevenknowexisted.(幸運的是，我的英語老師Judge女士向我介紹了那些最初啟發(fā)我寫作的文學作品。是她看到了我身上的我甚至不知道存在的潛力。)”和最后一段的“Andshelovedthem,sayingIhadanaturaltalentasawriter.Nothingwasmorefulfilling.So,Ikeptwriting.Shewrotememanyencouragingnotes,pushingmetopursueacareerasawriter.(她很喜歡他們，說我有一個作家的天賦。沒有什么比這更令人滿意的了。所以，我繼續(xù)寫作。她給我寫了許多鼓舞人心的便條，推動我追求作家事業(yè)。)”可推斷，Judge女士是鼓舞人心的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Luckily,MissJudge,myEnglishteacher,introducedmetoliteraturethatinitiallyinspiredmetowrite.ItwasshethatsawthepotentialinmethatIdidn'tevenknowexisted.(幸運的是，我的英語老師Judge女士向我介紹了那些最初啟發(fā)我寫作的文學作品。是她看到了我身上的我甚至都不知道存在的潛力。)”和最后一段的“Andshelovedthem,sayingIhadanaturaltalentasawriter.Nothingwasmorefulfilling.So,Ikeptwriting.Shewrotememanyencouragingnotes,pushingmetopursueacareerasawriter.(她很喜歡它們，說我有一個作家的天賦。沒有什么比這更令人滿意的了。所以，我繼續(xù)寫作。她給我寫了許多鼓舞人心的便條，推動我追求作家事業(yè)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文作者講述了自己在Judge女士的鼓勵和認可下，從一個成績一般，害羞笨拙的學生開始閱讀并寫作，最后成為一個作家的經(jīng)歷，因此推斷作者想要傳達的信息是認可和鼓勵會起重要作用。故選D。CTheworld’sonlycaptive(圈養(yǎng))browngiantpanda,Qizai,hasbeentakingmoreexerciseinpreparationfortheupingbreeding(繁育)season.Heisencouragedtostandupbykeeperswhoplacefoodontheendofastickheldjustoutofhisreach.Pandaexpertsbelievethatstrengtheningthegiantanimal’slegswillimprovehisabilitytobreedsuccessfully.Theworld’sfirstbrownpandawasdiscoveredin1985intheQinlingMountains.Allphotographsofwildbrownpandasweretakeninthearea,whichtheywerenamedafter.TheQinlinggiantpanda,firstrecognizedin2005,isasubspeciesofgiantpanda.Aswellasitsbrownandwhitefur,ithasasmallerandrounderskullandashorternosethanthemorefamiliarSichuangiantpanda.Qizaiwhosenamemeanstheseventhson,wasfoundastwomontholdcub,weakandalone,byresearchersinanaturereserveintheQinlingMountains.Forhissafety,theresearcherstookhimtothenearbyShaanxiRareWildlifeRescueCentrewherehewasgivenmedicaltreatmentandfedonmilkfromotherpandas.Thereare1,864giantpandasinthewild,accordingtoWorldWildlife.TheylivemainlyinbambooforestshighinthemountainsofsouthwestChina,mostlyinSichuanprovince,buttheycanalsobefoundinShaanxiprovince,whereQizaiisfrom.HewaspreviouslythoughttobetheonlylivingbrownpandaintheworlduntilawildpandawiththesamecolourpatternwasspottedroaminginanaturereserveinShaanxiinMarch,2018.Uptonowspottingbrownpandasinthewildhastakenplacenomorethantentimes,allofwhichwereinthecentralQinlingMountains.8.WhydokeepersputfoodbeyondQizai’sreach?A.Topreparehimforthereturntothewild. B.Totrainhimtoamusezoovisitors.C.Tohelphimexercisehislegs. D.Toensurehimabalanceddiet.9.WhatcanweinferaboutQizaifromthetext?A.Hewasfirstfoundin2005. B.HeisaQinlinggiantpanda.C.Hisseventhsonis2monthsold. D.Hewastheonlylivingbrownpanda.10.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?A.Thesightingofwildbrownpandasisararehappening.B.TheQinlingMountainsarehometomostwildpandas.C.Thenumberofgiantpandasisgrowingrapidly.D.Allgiantpandasareofthesamecolour.11.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Lifeofcaptivepandas. B.Endangeredgiantpandas.C.TheQinlinggiantpanda. D.Rarewildlifeprotection.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章由“七仔”導入，介紹了秦嶺大熊貓的相關知識?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Heisencouragedtostandupbykeeperswhoplacefoodontheendofastickheldjustoutofhisreach.Pandaexpertsbelievethatstrengtheningthegiantanimal’slegswillimprovehisabilitytobreedsuccessfully.(飼養(yǎng)員把食物放在它夠不到的一根棍子上，鼓勵它站起來。熊貓專家認為，加強這種巨型動物的腿能提高它成功繁殖的能力)”可知，飼養(yǎng)員把食物放在七仔夠不著的棍子上是為了鍛煉它的腿，以提高成功繁育的能力。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Allphotographsofwildbrownpandasweretakeninthearea,whichtheywerenamedafter.(所有野生棕色大熊貓的照片都是在該地區(qū)（秦嶺）拍攝的，它們是以該地區(qū)命名的)”和第三段的“Qizai,whosenamemeanstheseventhson,wasfoundastwomontholdcub,weakandalone,byresearchersinanaturereserveintheQinlingMountains.(研究人員在秦嶺自然保護區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了七仔，它只有兩個月大，身體虛弱，孤獨無依)”可知，七仔是一只秦嶺棕色大熊貓。故選B。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Uptonowspottingbrownpandasinthewildhastakenplacenomorethantentimes,allofwhichwereinthecentralQinlingMountains.(到目前為止，在野外發(fā)現(xiàn)棕色大熊貓的次數(shù)不超過10次，都是在秦嶺中部)”推知，看到野生棕色大熊貓是很罕見的事。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第二段指出在秦嶺發(fā)現(xiàn)的棕色大熊貓都叫秦嶺大熊貓，第三段介紹七仔在秦嶺被發(fā)現(xiàn)的經(jīng)過，第四段介紹野生棕色大熊貓幾乎都在秦嶺被發(fā)現(xiàn)。由此可知，本文主要介紹秦嶺大熊貓。故選C。DTheconfidencepeopleplaceinscienceisfrequentlybasednotonwhatitreallyis,butonwhatpeoplewouldlikeittobe.WhenIaskedmystudentshowtheywoulddefinescience,manyofthemrepliedthatit’sanobjectivewayofdiscoveringcertaintiesabouttheworld.Butsciencecannotprovidecertainties.Actually,doubtandscienceoftengohandinhand.Science,whenproperlyfunctioning,questionsacceptedunderstandingsandbringsbothnewknowledgeandnewquestions—notcertainty.Doubtdoesnotcreatetrust,nordoesithelppublicunderstanding.Sowhyshouldpeopletrustaprocessthatseemstorequireatroublesomestateofuncertaintywithoutalwaysprovidingsolidsolutions?Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit’stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowerofscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.Indeed,thescientificapproachrequireschangingourunderstandingofthenaturalworldwhenevernewevidencearisesfromeitherexperimentationorobservation.Scientificfindingsaretemporaryunderstandingsthatinvolvethestateofknowledgeatagivenmoment.Inthelongrun,manyofthemarechallengedandevenoverturned.Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.Certainties,reassuringastheymayseem,preventthescientificprocess.Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.Suchanidealizedrepresentationactuallyignorestheuniversalexistenceofcontroversy,conflictanderrorattheveryheartofthescientificworld.12.What’stherealpowerofscienceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itprovidessolidsolutions. B.Itdefendsacceptedunderstandings.C.Itdiscoverscertaintiesabouttheworld. D.Itkeepsbringingquestionsandchallenges.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reassuring”probablymean?A.Disappointing. B.Surprising. C.forting. D.Challenging.14.Whatmaybethebeliefofthesecondmisconception?A.Scienceisunchallengeableandacureall. B.Scienceisunreliableandoflittleuse.C.Scienceisobjectivebutimpractical. D.Scienceisdoubtfulbutuseful.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyIsDoubtVitaltoScience? B.WhyShouldWeTrustScientists?C.WhatIstheWeaknessofScience? D.WhatIsScientists’Responsibility?【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述的是懷疑和科學的密切關系?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Asahistorianofscience,Iwouldarguethatit’stheresponsibilityofscientistsandhistoriansofsciencetoshowthattherealpowerofscienceliespreciselyinwhatisoftenregardedasitsweakness:itsdrivetoquestionandchallengeacceptedunderstandings.(作為一名科學歷史學家，我認為，科學家和科學歷史學家有責任證明，科學的真正力量恰恰在于通常被認為是它的弱點的東西：它對已被接受的認識提出質(zhì)疑和挑戰(zhàn)的動力。)”可知，作者認為科學的真正力量是它不斷帶來問題和挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“Doubtmightbetroubling,butitpushesustowardsabetterunderstanding.(懷疑可能令人不安，但它推動我們更好地理解。)”可知，懷疑令人不安，那么確定性就讓人放心，劃線詞reassuring的意思是“令人安心的”，和forting意思相近，故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Scientistsunderstandthis,butinthedynamicbetweenthepublicandscience,therearetwooppositemisconceptions(誤解).Thefirstisaformofblindscientism—abeliefthatscienceisunquestionableandhasthecapacitytosolveallproblems.(科學家們理解這一點，但在公眾和科學之間的動態(tài)中，存在兩種相反的誤解。第一種是一種盲目的科學家主義——相信科學是不容置疑的，并且有能力解決所有問題。)”可知，第一種誤解是科學能解決所有問題，那么第二種和第一種完全相反，因此第二種是認為科學完全沒有用，不可靠，即Scienceisunreliableandoflittleuse。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“Actually,doubtandscienceoftengohandinhand.(事實上，懷疑和科學經(jīng)常結(jié)伴而行。)”可知，本文主要講的是懷疑對科學很關鍵，A選項“WhyIsDoubtVitaltoScience?(為什么懷疑對科學至關重要？)”概括了本文內(nèi)容，是最好的標題，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Relationshipsbetweenparentsandtheirkidscanbeincrediblymeaningfulwhenworkedonintentionally.____16____Whatcanparentsandchildrendotoimprovetheirrelationships?First,takeresponsibility.Bothparentsandchildrenareresponsibleforshaping,maintainingandmanagingtherelationship.____17____Whenachildorparentsimplywaitsfortheotherpartytoputmoreintotherelationship,problemsemerge.Thensetboundaries.____18____Soparentsmustdecidewhatsortofaccesschildrenhavetoinformationandwhatlevelofsupporttheyarewillingtoprovide.Childrentoo,mustdecidewhatlevelofprivacyandinvolvementtheyseekandacceptfromparents.____19____Unhealthyconflictstyleslikesilenttreatments,screamingfights,andignoringissueshaveanegativeinfluenceontherelationship.Stopdoingthoseandstarttothinkabouthowyoumightresponddifferently.Makeaneffortandworktogethertofigureoutwhyfamiliarargumentskeephappening.Thisway,apossiblesolutioncanbefound.Asisoftenthecase,itismucheasiertokeepthesituationasitis,evenifitleadstofrustration.Changeisalwaystheharderchoice.____20____A.Handlingconflictswiselyalsomatters.B.Bethechangeyouwanttoseeinthisworld.C.Nobodylikesitwhentheyfeeltheirboundariesareviolated.D.However,itisthequickestwaytogreaterrelationshipsatisfaction.E.Butalltoooften,oldhabitsofspeakingandinteractingstandintheway.F.Parentsandkidsriskfallingintoageinappropriatemunicationpatterns.G.Thatincludesnegotiating,promising,andfindingenjoyablewaysforbothsidestoconnect.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何搞好父母和孩子關系的建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Relationshipsbetweenparentsandtheirkidscanbeincrediblymeaningfulwhenworkedonintentionally.”（當認真經(jīng)營時，父母和孩子之間的關系可以是難以置信地有意義。）和下文“Whatcanparentsandchildrendotoimprovetheirrelationships?”（父母和孩子可以做什么來改善他們之間的關系呢？）可知，雖然父母和孩子之間的關系可能很好，但他們之間也存在問題，需要采取一些措施來改善。E項“但很多時候，說話和交流的舊習慣會妨礙他們之間的關系”符合語境，說話和交流時的舊習慣會導致父母和孩子出現(xiàn)問題。故選E?！?7題詳解】設空處位于句中，應承接上文。根據(jù)上文“First,takeresponsibility.Bothparentsandchildrenareresponsibleforshaping,maintainingandmanagingtherelationship.”（首先要承擔責任。父母和孩子都有責任塑造、維持和管理這種關系。）可推知，設空處繼續(xù)解釋如何承擔責任。G項“這包括談判、妥協(xié)，以及為雙方找到愉快的聯(lián)系方式?！狈险Z境。故選G?！?8題詳解】結(jié)合本段主旨句“Thensetboundaries.”（設定界限）和下文“Soparentsmustdecidewhatsortofaccesschildrenhavetoinformationandwhatlevelofsupporttheyarewillingtoprovide.”（因此，父母必須決定孩子獲得何種信息以及他們愿意提供的支持水平。）可知，C項“當覺得自己的界限被侵犯時，沒有人會覺得高興?！迸c上下文承接自然，既符合本段的主旨，也與下文形成明顯的因果關系，選項中的boundaries呼應上文的boundaries。故選C。【19題詳解】設空處為本段主旨句，根據(jù)下文的“Unhealthyconflictstyleslikesilenttreatments,screamingfights,andignoringissueshaveanegativeinfluenceontherelationship.Stopdoingthoseandstarttothinkabouthowyoumightresponddifferently.Makeaneffortandworktogethertofigureoutwhyfamiliarargumentskeephappening.Thisway,apossiblesolutioncanbefound.”（不健康的沖突方式，如沉默相待、尖叫吵架和忽視問題都會對關系產(chǎn)生負面影響。停止這樣做，并開始思考你可能會有什么不同的反應。共同努力，找出類似的爭論不斷發(fā)生的原因。這樣，就可以找到一個可能的解決方案。）可知，本段的建議是要明智地處理和孩子之間的沖突。A項“明智地處理沖突也同樣重要”符合語境。故選A?！?0題詳解】設空處位于段末，應總結(jié)上文。根據(jù)上文“Asisoftenthecase,itismucheasiertokeepthesituationasitis,evenifitleadstofrustration.Changeisalwaystheharderchoice.”（通常情況下，保持現(xiàn)狀要容易得多，即使它會導致挫折感。改變總是更難的選擇。）可推知，下文會陳述改變的好處。D項“然而，這是提高關系滿意度的最快方法。”符合語境，選項中的it指代上文的提到的change。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。MyPh.D.advisercalledmeintohisofficesaying,“Youarefiredfromthelab.”IhadmovedtoIsraeltostudyforaPh.D.Atfirst,thingswentwellinmynewlab.ThenI____21____someproblems.Imadeafewmistakesinthelabthatslowedmy____22____,butheneverspoketomeaboutanyconcerns.I’mstillnot____23____whyhefiredme,butIguessitwasbecauseofthosemistakes.Hewasn’tconfidentthatIcould____24____myresearchintimeaswe’dplanned.ThefirstfewdaysafterIwasfiredwereespecially____25____.Ispenthoursstaringatmyputerscreen,unabletogetanythingdone.Itriedto____26____hismindwithpromisingresults,buthe____27____tohisdecision.IcouldnottellthenewstomyfamilyinIndia,asthefearof____28____themoverwhelmed(壓垮)me.Isoongotintoa____29____ofsadnessandanxiety.Aroundthattime,IwatchedamovieDasvidaniya.Onelinefromthemoviestuckouttome,“Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade”.WhatkindoflemonadecouldImakeoutofmypresent____30____?MydesiretopleteaPh.D.wasneverindoubt.Aftermuch____31____,Itoldmyselfthatone____32____attemptwasnottheendoftheworld,andthatIneededtogiveitanother____33____.Withrenewed____34____,Iemailedexpectedadvisersandappliedtootherprograms.Within2months,I____35____anofferfromaPh.D.programinItaly.21.A.raninto B.cameinto C.steppedinto D.lookedinto22.A.plan B.research C.graduation D.report23.A.satisfied B.doubtful C.shocked D.certain24.A.improve B.smooth C.plete D.solve25.A.difficult B.special C.flexible D.unique26.A.keep B.read C.change D.clear27.A.stuck B.turned C.devoted D.took28.A.frightening B.disappointing C.challenging D.tricking29.A.habit B.trouble C.state D.pressure30.A.moment B.control C.level D.situation31.A.reflection B.judgement C.treatment D.discussion32.A.gained B.failed C.rated D.gathered33.A.chance B.hope C.aim D.try34.A.energy B.balance C.interest D.confidence35.A.produced B.landed C.operated D.responded【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.D35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，文章講述了作者在攻讀博士學位期間遭遇困境，一部電影中的臺詞給了他啟示：當生活給你又酸又苦的檸檬時，那你就將它變成又甜又可口的檸檬汁?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然后我遇到了一些問題。A.raninto遇到（困難，問題等），陷入（困境）；B.cameinto進入；C.steppedinto走進；D.lookedinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)下文“Imadeafewmistakesinthelab(我在實驗室犯了一些錯誤)”可知，作者遇到了一些問題。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在實驗室里犯了一些錯誤，耽誤了我的研究，但他從來沒有跟我說過任何顧慮。A.plan計劃；B.research研究；C.graduation畢業(yè)；D.report報告，報道。根據(jù)本段最后一句“Hewasn’tconfidentthatIcould____4____myresearchintimeaswe’dplanned.”可知，作者犯了一些錯誤，耽誤了研究，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然不確定他為什么解雇我，但我猜就是因為那些錯誤。A.satisfied滿意；B.doubtful懷疑的；C.shocked震驚的；D.certain肯定的。根據(jù)“butIguessitwasbecauseofthosemistakes”可知，作者猜測是自己犯下的錯誤使導師解雇自己，由此可知作者不確定導師解雇自己的原因，故選D。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他對我能如期完成研究沒有信心。A.improve提高，改善；B.smooth撫平；C.plete完成；D.solve解決。上文提到作者犯了一些錯誤，減緩了研究的進度，所以此處指導師擔心無法按期完成研究，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我被解雇后的頭幾天特別難熬。A.difficult困難的；B.special特殊的；C.flexible靈活的；D.unique獨特的。根據(jù)語境及下一句“Ispenthoursstaringatmyputerscreen,unabletogetanythingdone.(我花了好幾個小時盯著電腦屏幕，什么事也做不了)”可知，被解雇的頭幾天很難熬，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖用有希望的結(jié)果來改變他的想法，但他堅持自己的決定。A.keep保持；B.read讀；C.change改變；D.clear清理。根據(jù)“withpromisingresults”可知，作者被解雇，向?qū)熣f會給出一個滿意的結(jié)果，試圖以此來改變導師的想法，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.stuck堅持；B.turned翻轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.devoted獻身，致力于；D.took拿，取。結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及下文被解雇后不敢告訴家人可知，雖然作者保證以后好好表現(xiàn)，但導師堅持自己的決定，解雇作者，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不能把這個消息告訴我在印度的家人，因為我害怕讓他們失望，這樣的恐懼壓垮了我。A.frightening使恐懼；B.disappointing使失望；C.challenging挑戰(zhàn)；D.tricking欺騙。結(jié)合語境可知，作者被解雇不敢告訴家人，應是怕他們對自己失望，故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快就進入了一種悲傷和焦慮的狀態(tài)。A.habit習慣；B.trouble麻煩；C.state狀態(tài)；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)“sadnessandanxiety”可知，作者被解雇后陷入悲傷和焦慮的狀態(tài)，故選C。30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我能從我目前的處境中做出什么樣的檸檬水呢？A.moment時刻；B.control控制；C.level水平；D.situation情況，形勢。結(jié)合語境可知，此處作者是反問以自己目前的現(xiàn)狀和處境，又能做出什么樣的檸檬汁呢？situation符合語境，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過多次反思，我告訴自己，一次失敗的嘗試并不是世界末日，我需要再試一次。A.reflection反思；B.judgement評價；C.treatment對待，治療；D.discussion討論。結(jié)合下文作者發(fā)郵件申請項目可知，此處指作者反思過后，決定振作起來，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.gained獲得；B.failed失?。籆.rated評定；D.gathered聚集。上文提到作者因犯錯誤而被解雇，所以此處指“一次失敗的嘗試”，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.chance機會；B.hope希望；C.aim目標；D.try嘗試。此處和“attempt”同義，指一次嘗試失敗后，需要再次嘗試，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：信心重燃后，我給期望中的顧問發(fā)了郵件，并申請了其他項目。A.energy精力；B.balance平衡；C.interest興趣；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)“Iemailedexpectedadvisersandappliedtootherprograms”可知，作者經(jīng)過反思，重拾信心，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不到兩個月，我就收到了意大利一個博士項目的錄取通知。A.produced生產(chǎn)；B.landed成功得到，贏得；C.operated操作；D.responded回答，回應。上文提到作者申請項目，故此處指得到一個博士項目的錄取通知，故選B。第二節(jié)短文填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)上下文在空由處填寫適當?shù)脑~語,或使用括號中所給詞語的適當形式填空。Haveyouevertastedorperhapsheardofsugarpainting?Asfewerpeoplechoosetomakesugarpaintings,thetraditionalChinesefolkcraftmighthavebeea____36____(distance)memoryinsomeways.However,a38yearoldcraftsman,LiJiangzhong,isdevotedto____37____(keep)theartofsugarpaintingalive.Liworked____38____aminerformorethantenyears.Aftertheminecloseddown,Liturnedtohousingdecorationuntilhe____39____(force)togivethatupduetoafingerinjury.Earlierthisyear,hediscoveredsugarpainting,somethinghereallyhad____40____interestin.Sincetherewasnosugarpaintingcraftsmaninhisvillage,hestudiedby____41____(he)throughlargequantitiesofvideosandinformationontheInternet.Lilovedpaintingwhenhewasyoung,____42____hefounditeasyto