盾構(gòu)隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與規(guī)避對(duì)策

盾構(gòu)隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與規(guī)避對(duì)策一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle盾構(gòu)隧道施工是現(xiàn)代地下工程建設(shè)中常用的一種技術(shù)，以其高效、安全和環(huán)保的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在城市軌道交通、公路、市政管網(wǎng)等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。然而，隨著盾構(gòu)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展與應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的拓寬，盾構(gòu)隧道施工中遇到的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與挑戰(zhàn)也日益增多。本文旨在探討盾構(gòu)隧道施工過程中可能遇到的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并針對(duì)這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提出相應(yīng)的規(guī)避對(duì)策，以期為保障盾構(gòu)隧道施工安全、提高施工效率、優(yōu)化工程管理提供理論支持和實(shí)際指導(dǎo)。文章首先介紹了盾構(gòu)隧道施工的基本原理和特點(diǎn)，隨后詳細(xì)分析了施工過程中可能遇到的地質(zhì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并針對(duì)不同風(fēng)險(xiǎn)類型提出了具體的規(guī)避措施和應(yīng)對(duì)策略。通過本文的研究，旨在為盾構(gòu)隧道施工領(lǐng)域的從業(yè)人員提供風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別和應(yīng)對(duì)的參考，促進(jìn)盾構(gòu)技術(shù)的持續(xù)發(fā)展和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)一步拓寬。Shieldtunnelingconstructionisacommonlyusedtechnologyinmodernundergroundengineeringconstruction,whichiswidelyusedinurbanrailtransit,highways,municipalpipelinenetworksandotherinfrastructureconstructionduetoitsadvantagesofefficiency,safety,andenvironmentalprotection.However,withthecontinuousdevelopmentofshieldtunnelingtechnologyandtheexpansionofapplicationfields,therisksandchallengesencounteredinshieldtunnelconstructionarealsoincreasingdaybyday.Thisarticleaimstoexplorethemainrisksthatmaybeencounteredduringshieldtunnelconstruction,andproposecorrespondingavoidancemeasuresfortheserisks,inordertoprovidetheoreticalsupportandpracticalguidanceforensuringshieldtunnelconstructionsafety,improvingconstructionefficiency,andoptimizingengineeringmanagement.Thearticlefirstintroducesthebasicprinciplesandcharacteristicsofshieldtunnelconstruction,andthenanalyzesindetailthegeologicalrisks,technicalrisks,managementrisks,andenvironmentalrisksthatmaybeencounteredduringtheconstructionprocess.Specificavoidancemeasuresandresponsestrategiesareproposedfordifferenttypesofrisks.Throughthisstudy,theaimistoprovidereferenceforriskidentificationandresponseforpractitionersinthefieldofshieldtunnelconstruction,promotethesustainabledevelopmentofshieldtunnelingtechnology,andfurtherexpanditsapplicationareas.二、盾構(gòu)隧道施工的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Themainrisksofshieldtunnelconstruction盾構(gòu)隧道施工是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的工程活動(dòng)，涉及多個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)和多個(gè)專業(yè)領(lǐng)域，因此面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素多種多樣。以下是盾構(gòu)隧道施工中主要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)類型：Shieldtunnelingconstructionisacomplexengineeringactivitythatinvolvesmultiplestagesandprofessionalfields,andthereforefacesvariousriskfactors.Thefollowingarethemaintypesofrisksinshieldtunnelconstruction:地質(zhì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：地質(zhì)條件是盾構(gòu)隧道施工中最大的不確定性來源。不同的地質(zhì)條件，如土層厚度、巖石強(qiáng)度、地下水位、地質(zhì)斷層等，都可能對(duì)盾構(gòu)機(jī)的掘進(jìn)和隧道穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生重要影響。地質(zhì)突變可能導(dǎo)致盾構(gòu)機(jī)卡殼、掘進(jìn)困難，甚至引發(fā)隧道坍塌等嚴(yán)重后果。Geologicalrisk:Geologicalconditionsarethebiggestsourceofuncertaintyinshieldtunnelconstruction.Differentgeologicalconditions,suchassoilthickness,rockstrength,groundwaterlevel,geologicalfaults,etc.,mayhavesignificantimpactsontheexcavationandtunnelstabilityofshieldtunnelingmachines.Geologicalmutationsmayleadtoshieldtunnelingmachinejamming,difficultyinexcavation,andevenseriousconsequencessuchastunnelcollapse.技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：盾構(gòu)隧道施工技術(shù)要求較高，操作不當(dāng)可能導(dǎo)致盾構(gòu)機(jī)損壞、掘進(jìn)速度減慢、隧道軸線偏差等問題。盾構(gòu)隧道施工中的注漿、排水、通風(fēng)等技術(shù)環(huán)節(jié)也容易出現(xiàn)問題，影響施工質(zhì)量和安全。Technicalrisk:Shieldtunnelconstructionrequireshightechnicalrequirements,andimproperoperationmaycausedamagetotheshieldmachine,slowexcavationspeed,anddeviationofthetunnelaxis.Thegrouting,drainage,ventilationandothertechnicalaspectsinshieldtunnelconstructionarealsopronetoproblems,whichaffectconstructionqualityandsafety.環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：盾構(gòu)隧道施工對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響較大，如地面沉降、建筑物變形、地下管線破損等。這些環(huán)境問題不僅可能影響施工進(jìn)度和質(zhì)量，還可能對(duì)周邊居民的生活和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全造成威脅。Environmentalrisk:Shieldtunnelconstructionhasasignificantimpactonthesurroundingenvironment,suchasgroundsettlement,buildingdeformation,anddamagetoundergroundpipelines.Theseenvironmentalissuesmaynotonlyaffecttheconstructionprogressandquality,butalsoposeathreattothelivingandpropertysafetyofsurroundingresidents.管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：盾構(gòu)隧道施工涉及多個(gè)參與方和多個(gè)施工環(huán)節(jié)，管理不善可能導(dǎo)致工期延誤、成本超支、質(zhì)量不達(dá)標(biāo)等問題。安全管理制度不完善、安全培訓(xùn)不到位等也可能引發(fā)安全事故。Riskmanagement:Shieldtunnelconstructioninvolvesmultiplestakeholdersandconstructionprocesses,andpoormanagementmayleadtodelaysinprojecttimelines,costoverruns,andsubstandardquality.Incompletesafetymanagementsystemsandinadequatesafetytrainingmayalsoleadtosafetyaccidents.盾構(gòu)隧道施工面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素多種多樣，需要施工單位在施工過程中加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，采取有效的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避對(duì)策，確保施工質(zhì)量和安全。Theconstructionofshieldtunnelsfacesvariousriskfactors,andtheconstructionunitneedstostrengthenriskmanagementduringtheconstructionprocess,adopteffectiveriskavoidancemeasures,andensureconstructionqualityandsafety.三、規(guī)避盾構(gòu)隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策CountermeasuresforAvoidingConstructionRisksofShieldTunnels針對(duì)盾構(gòu)隧道施工中可能遇到的各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我們需要制定和實(shí)施一系列規(guī)避對(duì)策，以確保施工安全、質(zhì)量和進(jìn)度。以下是幾種主要的規(guī)避盾構(gòu)隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的對(duì)策：Inresponsetothevariousrisksthatmaybeencounteredduringshieldtunnelconstruction,weneedtodevelopandimplementaseriesofavoidancemeasurestoensureconstructionsafety,quality,andprogress.Thefollowingareseveralmainstrategiestoavoidrisksinshieldtunnelconstruction:精確地質(zhì)勘察：在施工前，進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的地質(zhì)勘察是至關(guān)重要的。通過地質(zhì)勘察，我們可以了解施工區(qū)域的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、地層分布、地下水情況等信息，為盾構(gòu)機(jī)的選型、參數(shù)設(shè)定和掘進(jìn)路徑規(guī)劃提供準(zhǔn)確的數(shù)據(jù)支持。Accurategeologicalsurvey:Itiscrucialtoconductadetailedgeologicalsurveybeforeconstruction.Throughgeologicalexploration,wecanunderstandthegeologicalstructure,geologicaldistribution,groundwaterconditions,andotherinformationoftheconstructionarea,providingaccuratedatasupportfortheselection,parametersetting,andexcavationpathplanningofshieldtunnelingmachines.合理設(shè)計(jì)與規(guī)劃：在盾構(gòu)隧道的設(shè)計(jì)階段，應(yīng)充分考慮地質(zhì)條件、施工環(huán)境、工程要求等因素，制定合理的設(shè)計(jì)方案。同時(shí)，在施工前，應(yīng)制定詳細(xì)的施工規(guī)劃，包括掘進(jìn)速度、注漿參數(shù)、掘進(jìn)路徑等，以確保施工過程的穩(wěn)定性和安全性。Reasonabledesignandplanning:Inthedesignstageofshieldtunnels,geologicalconditions,constructionenvironment,engineeringrequirements,andotherfactorsshouldbefullyconsideredtodevelopareasonabledesignplan.Meanwhile,beforeconstruction,adetailedconstructionplanshouldbedeveloped,includingexcavationspeed,groutingparameters,excavationpath,etc.,toensurethestabilityandsafetyoftheconstructionprocess.盾構(gòu)機(jī)選型與調(diào)試：盾構(gòu)機(jī)的選型應(yīng)根據(jù)地質(zhì)勘察結(jié)果和工程要求進(jìn)行，選擇適合盾構(gòu)機(jī)型號(hào)和配置。在盾構(gòu)機(jī)進(jìn)場前，應(yīng)進(jìn)行充分的調(diào)試和試驗(yàn)，確保盾構(gòu)機(jī)在施工中能夠穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，滿足工程要求。Selectionanddebuggingofshieldtunnelingmachine:Theselectionofshieldtunnelingmachineshouldbebasedongeologicalsurveyresultsandengineeringrequirements,andsuitableshieldtunnelingmachinemodelsandconfigurationsshouldbeselected.Beforetheshieldtunnelingmachineentersthesite,sufficientdebuggingandtestingshouldbecarriedouttoensurethattheshieldtunnelingmachinecanoperatestablyduringconstructionandmeettherequirementsoftheproject.施工參數(shù)監(jiān)控與調(diào)整：在施工過程中，應(yīng)對(duì)盾構(gòu)機(jī)的掘進(jìn)速度、注漿壓力、掘進(jìn)方向等參數(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控，并根據(jù)地質(zhì)變化和施工情況及時(shí)調(diào)整參數(shù)，確保盾構(gòu)機(jī)的穩(wěn)定掘進(jìn)和隧道成型質(zhì)量。Constructionparametermonitoringandadjustment:Duringtheconstructionprocess,real-timemonitoringshouldbecarriedoutontheexcavationspeed,groutingpressure,excavationdirectionandotherparametersoftheshieldmachine,andparametersshouldbeadjustedinatimelymanneraccordingtogeologicalchangesandconstructionconditionstoensurethestableexcavationandtunnelformingqualityoftheshieldmachine.應(yīng)急預(yù)案制定與實(shí)施：針對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和問題，應(yīng)提前制定應(yīng)急預(yù)案，包括設(shè)備故障、地質(zhì)突變、突發(fā)事件等。在應(yīng)急預(yù)案中，應(yīng)明確應(yīng)急處理程序、救援措施和資源配置等，確保在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生時(shí)能夠迅速、有效地應(yīng)對(duì)。Emergencyplandevelopmentandimplementation:Inresponsetopotentialrisksandissues,emergencyplansshouldbedevelopedinadvance,includingequipmentfailures,geologicalmutations,emergencies,etc.Inemergencyplans,emergencyresponseprocedures,rescuemeasures,andresourceallocationshouldbeclearlydefinedtoensurethattheycanbequicklyandeffectivelyrespondedtowhenrisksoccur.加強(qiáng)培訓(xùn)與人員管理：盾構(gòu)隧道施工是一項(xiàng)技術(shù)性強(qiáng)、操作要求高的工作。因此，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)施工人員的培訓(xùn)和技能提升，提高施工人員的安全意識(shí)和操作水平。同時(shí)，應(yīng)建立完善的人員管理制度，明確人員職責(zé)和操作流程，確保施工過程的規(guī)范性和安全性。Strengthentrainingandpersonnelmanagement:Shieldtunnelconstructionisahighlytechnicalandoperationaltask.Therefore,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetrainingandskillenhancementofconstructionpersonnel,andimprovetheirsafetyawarenessandoperationallevel.Atthesametime,asoundpersonnelmanagementsystemshouldbeestablishedtoclarifypersonnelresponsibilitiesandoperatingprocedures,ensuringthestandardizationandsafetyoftheconstructionprocess.規(guī)避盾構(gòu)隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)需要我們從多個(gè)方面入手，包括地質(zhì)勘察、設(shè)計(jì)與規(guī)劃、盾構(gòu)機(jī)選型與調(diào)試、施工參數(shù)監(jiān)控與調(diào)整、應(yīng)急預(yù)案制定與實(shí)施以及培訓(xùn)與人員管理等。只有綜合考慮各種因素，制定并實(shí)施有效的規(guī)避對(duì)策，才能確保盾構(gòu)隧道施工的安全、質(zhì)量和進(jìn)度。Toavoidtherisksofshieldtunnelconstruction,weneedtostartfrommultipleaspects,includinggeologicalexploration,designandplanning,selectionandcommissioningofshieldtunnelingmachines,monitoringandadjustmentofconstructionparameters,formulationandimplementationofemergencyplans,aswellastrainingandpersonnelmanagement.Onlybycomprehensivelyconsideringvariousfactorsandformulatingandimplementingeffectiveavoidancemeasurescanthesafety,quality,andprogressofshieldtunnelconstructionbeensured.四、案例分析Caseanalysis為了更好地理解盾構(gòu)隧道施工中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及其規(guī)避對(duì)策，我們選取了近年來國內(nèi)外幾個(gè)典型的盾構(gòu)隧道施工案例進(jìn)行分析。Inordertobetterunderstandtherisksandmitigationmeasuresinshieldtunnelconstruction,wehaveselectedseveraltypicalshieldtunnelconstructioncasesfromdomesticandforeignsourcesinrecentyearsforanalysis.在某城市地鐵盾構(gòu)隧道施工過程中，由于地質(zhì)勘察不準(zhǔn)確，盾構(gòu)機(jī)在穿越一條未知的斷層時(shí)遭遇了巨大的巖石阻力，導(dǎo)致盾構(gòu)機(jī)卡殼。事故發(fā)生后，施工團(tuán)隊(duì)迅速啟動(dòng)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，采用高壓水槍進(jìn)行巖石破碎，同時(shí)加強(qiáng)盾構(gòu)機(jī)的推力，最終成功脫困。Duringtheconstructionofasubwayshieldtunnelinacertaincity,duetoinaccurategeologicalsurveys,theshieldmachineencounteredhugerockresistancewhilecrossinganunknownfault,resultingintheshieldmachinegettingstuck.Aftertheaccident,theconstructionteamquicklyactivatedtheemergencyplanandusedhigh-pressurewatergunstobreaktherock,whilestrengtheningthethrustoftheshieldmachine,ultimatelysuccessfullyescapingthedanger.這個(gè)案例告訴我們，準(zhǔn)確的地質(zhì)勘察是盾構(gòu)隧道施工的前提。在施工前，應(yīng)充分了解施工區(qū)域的地質(zhì)情況，特別是斷層、巖石等可能對(duì)盾構(gòu)機(jī)施工造成影響的因素。同時(shí)，施工團(tuán)隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)制定詳細(xì)的應(yīng)急預(yù)案，以應(yīng)對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的突發(fā)情況。Thiscasetellsusthataccurategeologicalsurveyisaprerequisiteforshieldtunnelconstruction.Beforeconstruction,itisnecessarytofullyunderstandthegeologicalconditionsoftheconstructionarea,especiallyfactorssuchasfaultsandrocksthatmayaffecttheconstructionofshieldtunnelingmachines.Atthesametime,theconstructionteamshoulddevelopdetailedemergencyplanstocopewithpossibleemergencies.在某大型水利樞紐的盾構(gòu)隧道施工過程中，施工單位采用了多種手段對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了有效控制。在施工前進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的地質(zhì)勘察和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，確定了可能存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)。然后，針對(duì)這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)，制定了相應(yīng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施，如加強(qiáng)盾構(gòu)機(jī)的維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)，提高施工人員的安全意識(shí)和技能等。在施工過程中，還采用了實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，對(duì)盾構(gòu)機(jī)的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)和隧道內(nèi)的環(huán)境變化進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)異常情況，立即采取應(yīng)對(duì)措施。Duringtheconstructionprocessofashieldtunnelinalargewaterconservancyhub,theconstructionunitadoptedvariousmeasurestoeffectivelycontroltherisks.Adetailedgeologicalsurveyandriskassessmentwereconductedbeforeconstructiontoidentifypotentialriskpoints.Then,correspondingriskcontrolmeasureswereformulatedfortheseriskpoints,suchasstrengtheningthemaintenanceandupkeepofshieldtunnelingmachines,improvingthesafetyawarenessandskillsofconstructionpersonnel,etc.Duringtheconstructionprocess,areal-timemonitoringandearlywarningsystemwasalsoadoptedtomonitortheoperationstatusoftheshieldtunnelingmachineandtheenvironmentalchangesinsidethetunnelinrealtime.Onceabnormalsituationsarefound,immediateresponsemeasuresaretaken.這個(gè)案例展示了盾構(gòu)隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的全過程。通過詳細(xì)的地質(zhì)勘察和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估，可以準(zhǔn)確地識(shí)別出可能存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)；通過制定針對(duì)性的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施，可以有效地降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的發(fā)生概率；而通過實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，可以及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)事件，確保施工的安全和順利進(jìn)行。Thiscasedemonstratestheentireprocessofriskcontrolinshieldtunnelconstruction.Byconductingdetailedgeologicalsurveysandriskassessments,potentialriskpointscanbeaccuratelyidentified;Bydevelopingtargetedriskcontrolmeasures,theprobabilityofriskoccurrencecanbeeffectivelyreduced;Throughreal-timemonitoringandearlywarningsystems,riskeventscanbedetectedandrespondedtoinatimelymanner,ensuringthesafetyandsmoothprogressofconstruction.總結(jié)以上案例，我們可以看出盾構(gòu)隧道施工中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是多種多樣的，既有來自地質(zhì)條件的不確定性，也有來自施工過程中的各種因素。因此，在盾構(gòu)隧道施工過程中，我們應(yīng)充分認(rèn)識(shí)到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的存在，并采取有效的規(guī)避對(duì)策來降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響。這包括加強(qiáng)地質(zhì)勘察和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估工作、制定詳細(xì)的應(yīng)急預(yù)案、提高施工人員的安全意識(shí)和技能、采用實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控和預(yù)警系統(tǒng)等措施。只有這樣，我們才能確保盾構(gòu)隧道施工的安全和順利進(jìn)行。Bysummarizingtheabovecases,wecanseethattherisksinshieldtunnelconstructionarediverse,includinguncertaintiesfromgeologicalconditionsandvariousfactorsduringtheconstructionprocess.Therefore,intheprocessofshieldtunnelconstruction,weshouldfullyrecognizetheexistenceofrisksandtakeeffectiveavoidancemeasurestoreducetheimpactofrisks.Thisincludesstrengtheninggeologicalexplorationandriskassessmentwork,developingdetailedemergencyplans,improvingthesafetyawarenessandskillsofconstructionpersonnel,adoptingreal-timemonitoringandearlywarningsystems,andothermeasures.Onlyinthiswaycanweensurethesafetyandsmoothprogressofshieldtunnelconstruction.五、結(jié)論Conclusion盾構(gòu)隧道施工因其高效、環(huán)保的特點(diǎn)，在現(xiàn)代城市地下交通建設(shè)中扮演著越來越重要的角色。然而，隨著工程規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大和施工環(huán)境的日益復(fù)雜，盾構(gòu)隧道施工中面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也日益凸顯。本文詳細(xì)分析了盾構(gòu)隧道施工過程中的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，包括地質(zhì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等，并針對(duì)這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提出了相應(yīng)的規(guī)避對(duì)策。Shieldtunnelconstructionplaysanincreasinglyimportantroleinmodernurbanundergroundtransportationconstructionduetoitsefficientandenvironmentallyfriendlycharacteristics.However,withthecontinuousexpansionofengineeringscaleandtheincreasinglycomplexconstructionenvironment,therisksfacedinshieldtunnelconstructionarealsobecomingincreasinglyprominent.Thisarticleprovidesadetailedanalysisofthemainrisksduringshieldtunnelconstruction,includinggeologicalrisks,technicalrisks,environmentalrisks,andmanagementrisks,andproposescorrespondingmitigationmeasuresfortheserisks.在地質(zhì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面，通過加強(qiáng)地質(zhì)勘察、優(yōu)化盾構(gòu)機(jī)選型、實(shí)施掘進(jìn)參數(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整等措施，可以有效降低掘進(jìn)過程中的地質(zhì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。在技術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面，通過提高施工技術(shù)水平、加強(qiáng)盾構(gòu)機(jī)維護(hù)保養(yǎng)、實(shí)施掘進(jìn)過程監(jiān)控等手段，可以確保盾構(gòu)隧道施工的順利進(jìn)行。在環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面，通過采取環(huán)保措施、減少施工噪音和振動(dòng)、加強(qiáng)施工廢水處理等，可以有效減少對(duì)周邊環(huán)境的影響。在管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)方面，通過完善施工管理體系、加強(qiáng)施工現(xiàn)場管理、提高施工人員安全意識(shí)等，可以確保盾構(gòu)隧道施工的安全和質(zhì)量。Intermsofgeologicalrisks,measuressuchasstrengtheninggeologicalexploration,optimizingshieldmachineselection,andimplementingdynamicadjustmentofexcavationparameterscaneffectivelyreducegeologicalrisksduri