抗腫瘤物質(zhì)篩選模型的建立及其應(yīng)用的綜述報告

抗腫瘤物質(zhì)篩選模型的建立及其應(yīng)用的綜述報告Abstract：Cancerisamajorthreattohumanhealth.Thedevelopmentofanti-tumorsubstanceshasalwaysbeenoneofthehotspotsinthefieldofpharmaceuticalresearch.Inordertodiscovermoreeffectiveandspecificanti-tumordrugs,itisnecessarytoestablishareliablemodelforscreeninganti-tumorsubstances.Inthisarticle,wewillreviewtheestablishmentandapplicationofavarietyofanti-tumorsubstancescreeningmodels,includinginvitro,invivo,andcomputationalsimulations.Thesemodelshavemadegreatcontributionstothediscoveryanddevelopmentofanti-tumordrugs.Keywords:anti-tumorsubstances,screeningmodel,invitro,invivo,computationalsimulationIntroduction：Cancerhasbecomeoneofthemajorthreatstohumanhealth.Althoughsignificantprogresshasbeenmadeinthediagnosisandtreatmentofcancerinrecentyears,thereisstillalongwaytogotodiscovertrulyeffectiveandtargetedanti-tumoragents.Thedevelopmentofanti-tumordrugsrequiresareliablescreeningmodeltoidentifypotentialcompounds.Theestablishmentofascreeningmodelforanti-tumorsubstancesisofgreatsignificancetothediscoveryofeffectivedrugs.Invitro,invivo,andcomputationalsimulationmethodshavebeenwidelyusedtoestablishdifferentanti-tumorsubstancescreeningmodels.Eachmodelhasitsownadvantagesandlimitations.Invitroscreeningmodels：Invitroscreeningmodelsrefertotheuseofcellculturesystemstoevaluatethetoxicityandeffectivenessofanti-tumoragents.Avarietyofcelllineshavebeenusedtoestablishinvitroscreeningmodels,suchashumantumorcelllinesandanimalcelllines.Thesemodelsallowfortheassessmentofcellproliferation,cellcycle,apoptosis,andotherimportantparameterstodeterminethepotentialeffectivenessofdrugs.Oneexampleofaninvitroscreeningmodelisthehigh-throughputscreening(HTS)method.Thismethodcanscreenhundredsofthousandsofcompoundsinamatterofdaysandidentifyleadcompoundsforfurtherevaluation.Anotherexampleisthethree-dimensional(3D)cellculturemodel,whichmimicsthestructureandfunctionoftumorsmorecloselythantraditionaltwo-dimensional(2D)cellcultures.Invivoscreeningmodels：Invivoscreeningmodelsarebasedontheuseofanimalsasamodelforhumantumors.Thesemodelscanmimicthegrowthandprogressionoftumorsinhumansandevaluatetheefficacyandtoxicityofanti-tumoragents.Commoninvivoscreeningmodelsincludexenograft,syngeneic,andtransgenicmodels.Xenograftmodelsinvolvethetransplantationofhumantumorcellsortissuesintoanimals.Syngeneicmodelsuseanimalswithasimilargeneticbackgroundasthetumorcells,andtransgenicmodelsinvolvegeneticmodificationofanimalstodeveloptumors.However,animalmodelshavelimitations,includingethicalconcerns,thehighcostofmaintenance,anddifferencesinphysiologyandmetabolismbetweenanimalsandhumans.Therefore,invivomodelsshouldbeusedtogetherwithinvitroandcomputationalmodelstoincreasethereliabilityoftheresults.Computationalsimulationmodels：Computationalsimulationshavebecomeanimportanttoolfordrugdiscoveryanddevelopment.Thesemodelsusecomputeralgorithmstopredicttheinteractionbetweenanti-tumoragentsandtargetproteins.Computationalsimulationmodelsincludemoleculardocking,moleculardynamicssimulation,andquantitativestructure-activityrelationship(QSAR).Moleculardockingpredictsthebindingmodeofadrugtoitstargetprotein,whilemoleculardynamicssimulationpredictsthedynamicbehaviorofaprotein-drugcomplex.QSARusesmathematicalmodelstoquantifytherelationshipbetweenmolecularstructureandbiologicalactivity.Althoughcomputationalmodelsarecost-effectiveandcansavetime,theystillhavelimitations,suchasinaccuraciesinpredictingprotein-ligandinteractionsandtheneedforexperimentalvalidation.Conclusion：Theestablishmentofreliableanti-tumorsubstancescreeningmodelsiscriticalforthedevelopmentofeffectiveandtargetedanti-tumordrugs.Invitro,invivo,and