期中復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí) -2023-2024學(xué)年人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

人教新目標(biāo)初中英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)期中復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)附答案一Whenyouwanttoinvitefriendstoaparty,you’dbettersendtheminvitations.Thisisagoodwaytoshowyour

respect.Herearesomewaysofinvitingfriendstoyourparty.MailedInvitation:

Themosttraditionalwaytoinviteyourfriendsistomailinvitations.Youneedtowritedownalltheinformationabouttheparty,suchasthepartytime,place,clothestowear,thingstobring,phonenumberandsoon.OnlineInvitation:

YoucanalsoinvitefriendstoapartythroughtheInternet.Youcanbuysomeonlineinvitations,putpicturesandvideosintheonlineinvitationsandthene-mailthemtoyourfriends.PhoneCall:

Ifyouwanttosavemoretime,youcanjustmakeaphonecall.Inthisway.youcantellthemmoreaboutyourparty.Andyoucanheariftheyareinterestedintheparty.Inperson(親自):

Anin-personinvitationcanletyoutalktoyourfriendsaboutthepartyandknowtheirinterests.Butwhentalktothefriends,youmayforgetsomeimportantinformation.So,you’dbetterprepareaninvitationforthem,too.1．Themosttraditionalwaytoinvitefriendsisto________.A．sendcards B．makephonecalls C．mailinvitations D．writeletters2．Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A．Howtomailinvitationstofriends. B．Howtoholdapartyforfriends.C．Howtowritepartyinformation. D．Howtosendonlineinvitations.3．Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Buyingonlineinvitations. B．InvitingfriendsbyphonecallsC．Knowingfriends’interests. D．Talkingwithfriendsbeforeaparty.4．Theunderlinedword

“respect”

inthepassagemeans________inChinese.A．尊重 B．祝福 C．感激 D．高傲5．What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A．Howtoholdparties B．HowtomakefriendsC．Somewaystoinvitefriends D．Theimportantinformation二

Talkingtoyourselfisn’tjustforhumans—it’sforrobotstoo.Italianresearchershavedevelopedarobotthatcanspeaktoitself,whichenablesuserstohearitsthoughtprocess(思考過(guò)程)andknowhowtherobotmakedecisions.“Ifyouwereabletohearwhattherobotsarethinking,therobotsmightbemoretrustworthy(可信賴的),”oneoftheresearchersAntonioChellasays.“Therobotswillbeeasiertounderstandforpeoplewhoaren’tengineers.Inotherwords,wecancommunicateandworkwiththerobotsbetter.”P(pán)eopletalktothemselveswhenlookingforclarityandmoral(清晰的思維及道德方面的)guidance,andithelpsinthedecision-makingprocess.Theresearcherssetouttoseehowthiscouldinfluence(影響)robots,sotheydevelopedonecalledPepper,andtheytrainedittosetatable.Theythengaveittheabilitytosay,insimpleEnglish,whatitwas“thinking”whencompletingajob.Afterstudyingtherobot,theresearchersfoundthatPepperwasbetteratsolvingdilemmas(進(jìn)退兩難的困境)whentalkingtoitself.Oneexperiment(實(shí)驗(yàn))sawauseraskPeppertobreaktablesettingrulesbyputtingaforkinthewrongplace,whichledtotherobotaskingitselfseveralself-directedquestions.Itthendecidedthattheusermightbewrong,soitmadesuretheuserdidn’tgivethewrongorderbeforeitwentontalkingtoitself:“Emm,thissituationisdifficulttome.Iwouldneverbreaktherules,butIcan’tmakehimunhappyeither,soI’mdoingwhathewants,”P(pán)eppersaidwhileputtingtheforkinthewrongplace.TheusercanunderstandPepper’sthoughtsasitusesitsinnervoicetosolveadilemma,whichtheresearcherssaycouldleadtohuman-robottrust.ComparingPepper’sperformance(表現(xiàn))withandwithoutinnerspeech,Chelladiscoveredthattherobotworkedfasterwithinnerspeech,whichmeanswhenitwastalkingtoitself.“Peoplewereverysurprisedbytherobot’sability,”Chellasays.“Theresearchmakestherobotdifferentfromothermachinesbecauseithastheabilitytoreason,tothink.Innerspeechcouldbeusefulinallthesituationswherewetrustthecomputerorarobotforevaluationofasituation.”Althoughhearingtheinnervoiceofrobotsenrichesthehuman-robotinteraction,somepeoplemightfindit

inefficientbecausetherobotspendsmoretimecompletingjobswhenittalkstoitself.Therobot’sinnerspeechisalsojusttheknowledgethatresearchersgaveit.Still,Chellasaystheirresearchlaysthegroundworkformoreresearchintohowself-dialoguecanhelprobotspayattention,planandlearn.6．Accordingtothepassage,Peppercan_______.A．talktoitself B．readusers’minds C．teachtablesettingrules D．startatrainingtask7．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A．Innerspeechhelpstherobotfinishtasksbetter.B．Theresearchcanhelppeopleunderstandrobots’actions.C．TheItalianresearcherscreatedanewlanguageforrobots.D．Therobothelpedstudypeople’sdecision-makingprocess.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inefficient”mean?A．Notinteresting. B．Notimportant. C．Notuseful. D．Notgoodorenough.9．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Robots:LearntoLearnB．Robots:ThinkOutLoudC．Robots:MakeBetterSpeechesD．Robots:AlwaysTrustHumans三Severalyearsago,Ispentmostofmytimeatamentalhospital(精神病院)inourtown.Ifoundmuchjoythere.Atfirstitwasalittlescarytobethere,butIstayedon,becauseIhadareasonfordoingthis.Ivolunteeredinalocked-up(封閉的)environment.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatafriendofmyparents’wasapatientinthishospital.Iknew,whenIwasababy,thiswomanwantedtokeepmebecauseshehadnochildren.Ilookedafterthiswomanandshowedmyoldphotostoher.Finally,shewasabletoremembersomeoldthings,andshesaidtomeoneday,“Dear,youshouldnotcomehere.”ButIwantedtobringsomethinghappyintothiswoman’slife.Ilearnedthatbecauseshehadnofamily,shecouldn’tleavehereandgohome.SoIbroughthertomyhometwiceandIstillrememberedthehappysmileonherface.Ihaveneverforgottenthisvolunteeringexperience.Thiswomanlater

passedaway.Ican’tseeheranymore,butI’mhappythatIhavedonesomethingtomakeadifferenceinanotherperson’slife.10．Howdidthewriterfeelatfirstwhenworkinginthementalhospital?A．Bored. B．Afraid. C．Interested. D．Comfortable.11．Whycouldn’tthewomanleavethehospital?A．Becauseshecouldn’trememberanything. B．Becauseshecouldn’tlookafterherself.C．Becauseshedidn’thaveanyfamily. D．Becauseshedidn’twanttoleave.12．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thewomanwasthewriter’sparents’friend.B．Withthehelpofthewriter,thewomancouldremembersomethingold.C．Thewomansawthewriter’soldphotos.D．Thewriterwenttothewoman’shometwice.13．Theunderlinedphrase“passedaway”means“__________”inChinese.A．去世 B．逃離 C．居住 D．幸存14．Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．Anunluckywoman B．AspecialhospitalC．Myparents’friend D．Myvolunteeringexperience四Arecordof1,101manatees(海牛)diedinFloridalastyear,manyfromhunger.SolastDecember,governmentwildlifeexpertsthoughtupaplantogivefoodtothemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreenvegetableslikelettuceandcabbage.RonMezich,anexpert,said,“We’remakingadifference.”Sofar,theyhaveservedupmorethan193,000poundsoflettucetohungrymanatees.Butastheweatherisgettingwarm,theprogramisexpectedtoendsoon.Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatliveinthesea.That’sonereasonwhythey’resometimescalled“seacows”.Since1967,Florida’smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment’slistofendangeredanimals.Mostdangerstomanateescomefromhumans.Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacingtheanimalsareboats.Manateesarecuriousandfairlyslow.Thathasledtothousandsofmanateesbeinghitorkilledbyboats.Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleftinFlorida.Withprotection,thenumberincreased.In2016,thereweremorethan6,000manatees.However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain.Warmingseaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae(藻)ontheocean’ssurface.Thealgae

blocks

thesunlightthatallowstheseagrasstogrow.Forexample,inIndianRiverLagoon,wheremanateesoftengointhewinter,about90%oftheseagrassbedstherehavediedoff.Longterm,Floridawillworktohelprestore(恢復(fù))seagrassbeds.Butthatwilltaketime.Scientistsstillworrythathundredsmoremanateescouldstarvethiswinter.15．Whyaremanateessometimescalled“seacows”?A．Theyareasbigascows. B．Theycanswimlikecows.C．Theyhavetailslikecows. D．Theyfeedonplantslikecows.16．Whichshowsthecorrectorderofthecausesofmanatees’death?A．seapollution→growthofalgae→deathofseegrass→deathofmanateesB．growthofalgae→seapollution→deathofseegrass→deathofmanateesC．seapollution→deathofseegrass→growthofalgae→deathofmanateesD．growthofalgae→deathofseegrass→seapollution→deathofmanatees17．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“block”?A．provide B．prevent C．help D．a(chǎn)ttract18．Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．ManateesFeedingProgramB．MoneyGiventoSaveManateesC．SeaGrassBedRestoredforManateesD．ReasonsforManatee’DeathStillUnclear五Grandmacalledmeinfromtheyard.“Wouldyoupleasegotothestoreforme,Emma?I’mreadytomakecakes,buttherearen’tenougheggs.Take20dollarsfrommywallet.”IfoundGrandma’swalletandputthemoneyinmypocket.Iarrivedatthestoresoon.“Mr.Jenkins,”Isaid,“Grandmaneedssomeeggs.”Mr.Jenkinssettheeggsonthecounter.Hesmiledatme.“Andwhatelsedoyouneed?”Iknewwhathemeant.IwasalwaysallowedtopickapieceofcandywhenIcametothestorewithGrandma.“HowmuchchangedoIhavefrom20dollars?”Iasked.“Sevendollars.”Mr.Jenkinsreplied.Ithoughtaboutthatquickly.IwassureGrandmawouldn’tcareifIspenttwodollars.ThelongerIlookedatthecandy,themorecertainthatIneededtwodollars’worthasareward(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))forcomingtothestorealone.AndIdidso.“Thankyou,Emma”GrandmasaidwhenIlaidtheeggsonthetable.“Didyouputthechangebackinmywallet?”“Yes,Grandma.”Ireplied,Iarguedwithmyself.“IdidputbackallthechangeIhad.”ButIhadspenttwodollarswithoutGrandma’spermission(允許).Thesecondpieceofcandyinmypocketdidn’tsoundlikeagoodideaanymore.IknewIhadliedtoGrandma,andIwasunhappyaboutit.GrandmalovedmesomuchthatIcouldn’tbeartokeepanythingfromher.WhenGrandmatookthehotcakesfromtheoven(烤箱),Itoldheraboutthecandy.ShenoddedwhenIfinishedmystory.“Iknowjusthowyoufeel,”shesaid.“I’mgladyoutoldmeaboutthedollars.”19．Emmawenttoastoretobuy_______forhergrandma.A．somecakes B．someeggsC．a(chǎn)wallet D．a(chǎn)pieceofcandy20．HowmuchmoneydidEmmaspendinall?A．13dollars. B．15dollars. C．7dollars. D．2dollars.21．Fromthestorywecanlearnthat_______.A．Emmaputallthechangebackinthewallet.B．Emmashouldgetarewardforgoingtothestore.C．Emmatoldgrandmathetruthandshowedherhonesty.D．Emmalovedgrandmasomuchanddidsomethingtohelpher.六Mostofusprobablylivewithoutvegetables,butaworldwithoutchocolate?Nowthatwouldbehard!Accordingtochocolatemakersitcouldhappenifwedon’tactsoon.Therearetwomaincausesofthechocolateshortage—chocolate’sgrowingpopularityandlessproductionofcocoa,theplantfromwhichchocolateismade.WithmoreandmorepeopleinIndiaandChinalovingchocolate,notmuchcanbedoneaboutthefirstcause.Therefore,theonlythingwecandoistoincreasecocoaproduction.However,newplantdiseasesandlittleraininIvoryCoastandGhana,theworld’slargestproducers,havereducedcocoaproductionby40percentinthepast10years.What’sworse,manycocoafarmersinAfricaandothercocoa-producingcountrieslikeIndonesiaandVenezuelaarechangingtoeasier-to-growcropssuchascornorrubber.Thisway,thefarmerscanmakemoremoney.Topreventmorefarmersfromchanging,researchersatthenewlyopenedInternationalCocoaControlCentre,intheUK,aretryingtocreatenewcocoaplantsthatarestrongerandfastergrowing.Butfirsttheymustmakesurethenewplantsaresafetogrow.Thistakesalongtime.First,eachnewplantisstoredattheControlCentreforsixmonthstomakesureitishealthy.ItisthenplantedintheCentre’sfields,studiedandtestedforanothertwoyears.Onlyafterscientistsarecertainthatthey’redisease-free,willtheplantsbesenttofarmersinWestAfricaorwhereverelsetheyareneeded.Tocreatenewstrongertypesofcocoa,scientistsattheCentrearecombiningthebestpartsfromdifferentcocoaplants.Thoughtheworldisfacingaseriouschocolateshortage,thereisnowhope!22．Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat______.A．chocolateishealthierthanvegetablesB．theworldcouldsoonbewithoutchocolateC．peoplelovevegetablesmorethanchocolateD．it’snotnecessarytoeatsomuchchocolate23．Inwhichcountrieshaschocolatebecomemorepopularinrecentyears?A．VenezuelaandIndonesia. B．IvoryCoastandGhana.C．IndonesiaandChina. D．ChinaandIndia.24．Cocoafarmersarechoosingtogrowrubberandcornbecausethesecrops______.A．canmakethemmoremoneyB．needlessraintogrowC．canbeplantedmoretimeseachyearD．a(chǎn)renotdamagedbyplantdiseases25．HowlongdoesittakescientistsattheCentretomakesureacocoaplantissafetogrow?A．6months. B．12months. C．24months. D．30months.26．WhatisoneofthepurposesoftheCocoaControlCentre?A．Tointroducecocoaproductiontomorecountries.B．ToprovidemorechocolateforBritishpeople.C．Toproducestrongertypesofcocoaplants.D．Tomakesurethatcocoaishealthytoeat.七EmmaDreamsBigItwaswarmoutside.EmmawaslookingthroughthewindowandthinkingofridingherhorseStarafterschool.“Emma!Couldyoupleaseturninyourhomework?”Mrs.Jamescalledher.“Idon’thavemyhomeworkwithme,Emmaturnedbackandsaid.”IforgottoputitinmyschoolbagafterIdidit.“Emma,you’resuchasmartgirl,butyou’realwaysdaydreaming.Imayhavetotalkwithyourparents,”Mrs.Jamessaid.“Now,class,clearyourdesks.Let’swelcomeourguest,DoctorLandon.HeisavetandhecameheretodayaspartofourCareerExplorations（職業(yè)探索）program.”DoctorLandontalkedabouthowimportantgradeswereandhowhetriedh