ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程2024/3/26ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程系列課程內容萬事開頭難進行企業(yè)IT架構評估做一個Exchange管理員必須掌握的技術-軟件篇做一個Exchange管理員必須掌握的技術-硬件篇郵件系統(tǒng)設計和選型的原則如何執(zhí)行壓力測試？軟件安裝和服務器管理的規(guī)范化用戶和系統(tǒng)遷移過程中的注意事項大規(guī)模的用戶帳號管理、組管理中采用的常見策略客戶端部署和管理郵件系統(tǒng)日常維護的要點系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程郵件安全、反病毒和反垃圾郵件存儲備份策略你的系統(tǒng)可靠性有幾個9？Down機了怎么辦？常見問題匯總和答疑ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程今日議程SLA是反映一項IT服務的綜合指標，不僅僅代表系統(tǒng)的在線時間，更反映了用戶對系統(tǒng)的認可程度。本次課程主要討論構成SLA的組成部分，以及如何通過有效的工作來提升SLA和用戶的滿意程度。SLA的概念和深入解析關鍵業(yè)務系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控的流程Exchange主要的性能指標性能優(yōu)化建議ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程SLA的概念和深入解析SLA：ServiceLevelAgreement是在確定的成本下與客戶達成的服務和系統(tǒng)使用情況的協(xié)議。最簡單的指標：系統(tǒng)服務在線時間更進一步的衡量：資源：軟硬件的使用效率和投資回報性能：用戶的使用體驗滿意程度服務：各類問題和幫助請求的解決速度ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程服務級別協(xié)議(SLA)的結構ServiceBased-OneServiceLevelAgreementforaspecificserviceforallcustomersofthatserviceCustomerBased-OneServiceLevelAgreementforaspecificcustomerforallservicesMulti-LevelCorporateLevel-coveringallgenericServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesthatwouldbeappropriateforallcustomersCustomerLevel-coveringallServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesrelevanttoaspecificcustomergroupforallservicesusedServiceLevel-coveringallServiceLevelManagement(SLM)issuesrelevanttoaspecificserviceforaspecificcustomergroupExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程如何制定SLA在項目實施階段的前期了解用戶對SLA的需求在實施過程中根據(jù)實際的軟硬件投入情況進行動態(tài)的更新，并及時與客戶(用戶)進行溝通如果項目涉及到第三方供應商，應在制定SLA之前取得第三方的認可和確認ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程如何貫徹SLA服務器端服務器配置和部署的規(guī)范統(tǒng)一運營過程中遵循嚴格的流程變更管理最終用戶培訓Helpdesk豐富客戶端的功能，增強用戶體驗整體協(xié)調IT支持部門內部的橫向溝通和協(xié)調管理與第三方供應商的關系及時保持與客戶(IT主管部門，CIO等)的溝通ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程如何衡量SLA服務器在線時間客戶滿意度ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程服務器在線時間故障發(fā)生檢測到問題檢測時間診斷響應時間修復恢復服務問題解決下一次故障修復時間恢復時間MeanTimetoRepair(MTTR)“總的停機時間"TimeBetweenSystemIncidents(MTBSI)TimeBetweenFailures(MTBF)ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程客戶滿意度客觀的設定用戶的期望值建立良好的Helpdesk流程如果是跨國企業(yè)，Helpdesk流程的一致性非常重要ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程性能可擴展性可用性ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程關鍵業(yè)務系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控的流程每日檢查的內容備份情況郵件隊列系統(tǒng)性能磁盤空間硬件情況昨天或昨晚的重要變更每日檢查報表的分發(fā)建議使用SharePoint網(wǎng)站保存每日檢查的報表ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程學會使用性能計數(shù)器來給Exchange把脈demoExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程性能優(yōu)化建議SmalldesignchangescanreapbigbenefitsDonotbeoverlyaggressivewhentuning,especiallywhenitinvolvesregistrychangesAlwaysusetheMicrosoftExchangeServerBestPracticesAnalyzerToolforvalidationExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程StoragePerformanceThebiggestcauseofExchangeperformanceissuesUsuallytoofewspindlestomeetthedemandExchangeisI/OhungryBackoftheenvelope:1spindleforevery100usersActionstotakeWorkoutyourI/OprofileTellyourstoragevendorhowmanyIOPSyouwillproduceSetcachingcontrollersto100%write/4kilobyte(KB)cachepagesizeThinkend-to-endstorage(forexample,HostBusAdaptors)UseDiskPartoaligntracks(performanceboost)UseJetStresstovalidateyourstoragearchitectureReadthepaper,"OptimizingStorageinExchange2003"!WarningSigns!Averagedisklatencyisgreaterthan20millisecondsLongdisklatencyspikesaregreaterthan50millisecondsExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程FastAccesstoActiveDirectoryIfExchangeisslowaccessingtheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice,storeperformancesuffersandmaildeliveryisslowDoublecheckthattheDirectoryServiceAccess(DSAccess)listonlycontainslocaldomaincontrollerorglobalcatalogserversRememberthatroundrobinisusedRound-triptimesshouldbelessthan10msRuleofthumbYoushouldhaveoneglobalcatalogprocessorforeveryfourExchangeprocessorsVerifythatthe/3GBswitchisbeingusedonglobalcatalogsIncreasesJETcachefrom512megabytes(MB)to1gigabyte(GB)MoreoftheActiveDirectoryiscachedinmemoryExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程CorrectUseof/3GBSwitchMailboxandpublicfolderserversImplementwhenthereis=>1GBRAMWindowsServer2003

implement/USERVA=3030GlobalcatalogserversImplementwhenthereis=>1GBRAMFront-endandroutingserversDonotimplementregardlessofmemoryInstead,tunememoryforsystemcacheExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程/3GBand/USERVASwitchesUserModeKernelModeUserModeUserModeKernelModeUserModeExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程HeapDeCommitFreeBlockThresholdShouldbesetto0x40000onallExchangeserversReducesvirtualmemoryfragmentationbycoalescingsmallfreememoryregionsintolargerblocksEspeciallyimportantforlargeExchangemailboxservers–9582begone!/?id=315407

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程EnableHyper-ThreadingSettinginBIOSSometimesdefaultstoOFFCanimproveExchangeprocessorefficiencyby25%WorkswithWindowsServer2003andWindows2000ServerExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程DeployExchangeServer2003SP230%reductioninI/OpatternDrasticreductioninlogfilereplaytimesFrom30secondstolessthan2secondsSupportfor8-wayhyper-threadingserversSetsMaxDSNSizeto10MBbydefaultSide:Detectionofsingle-bitfliperrorsExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程HardwareDeviceDriversNonPagedPoolandpage

tableentry(PTE)efficiencyDisableunusedhardwaredevicesEspeciallyconsidernetworkadaptersandstoragecardsUseidenticalhardwareinsidetheserverOnedriverformultipledevicesBeespeciallycarefulwithgraphicsadaptersCanresultinseriousPTEreductionKeepdriversup-to-dateSwitchtoVGA.SYSdriverNeedmorePTEs?ForExchangeServer2003,reduce/USERVAto2970ForExchange2000Server,useSystemPagesregistryparameter(stealfromthePagedPool)!RedFlags!FreePTEcountlessthan5000ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程TEMPConversionsForPostOfficeProtocol(POP),InternetMessageAccessProtocol(IMAP),anddedicatedpublicfolderservers,redirectTEMPpathtoadedicatedfastdiskStand-alone=SystemTEMPpathCluster=ClusteraccountTEMPpathMessagesgreaterthan4KBinsizeareconvertedthroughtheuseofatemporaryfileondiskExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程TuneAntivirusScannersGetlatestadvicefromyourantivirusvendoronoptimumconfigurationforyourserverNumberofScanningThreadsMemory/diskfilesizethresholdRemembertokeepyourantivirusbinariesup-to-dateAvoidsproblemssuchasVirtualmemoryfragmentationNondpoolerrorsServicefailuresExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程OnlineMaintenanceScheduleSkewonlinemaintenanceforlargemailboxserverssothereisatleasta

15minutegapbetweenstarttimesSkewonlinemaintenanceandonlinebackupschedulesothatthereiszerooverlapBackupwillkillmaintenancethreadsiftheycollideAlwaysmakesurethatonlinemaintenancegetsachancetorunNeverdisableonlinemaintenanceExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程LogBufferTuningExchangeServer2003defaultsto500buffers(at512bytes)/?id=328466

Ifdisklatenciesarereasonable,butlogstallsarehigh,increaselogbuffervalueinActiveDirectoryThisisespeciallycriticalfordeploymentsthatusereplicatedstorageUseamultipleof64andnevermorethan9000StoragegroupgreaterthanmsExchESEParamLogBuffersExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程MailboxStoreCacheStorehasatwohourcacheforre-readingmailboxconfigurationsettingsMailboxlimitsandthresholdsUsetheMailboxCacheAgeLimitregistryparametertoreducewaittime/?id=327378

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程UseDedicatedRoutingServersQueuingmessagesusepagedpoolmemoryandincreaseCPUutilizationEnsurethatlargemailboxserverscanimmediatelyoffloadmessagestoalocaldedicatedroutingserverForroutingservers,splitSimpleMailTransferProtocol(SMTP)queueontodedicatedfastdiskOnlyimplementCheckConnectorRestrictionsregistryparameteronroutingserversExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程ReduceLinkStateSizeAvoidcreatingorremovingroutinggroupsUseREMONITOR–injecttonullifyolddataifnecessary(MicrosoftProductSupportServicestool)WatchoutforoscillatingconnectionsUseSuppressStateChangesregistryparametertopreventaserverfrombroadcastingchanges/?id=832281

ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程Avoid7-bitConversionsPairsofExchangeServer2003bridgeheadsinanativemodeorganizationperform8-bitbinaryMIMEtransferstoeachotheroverExchangeServerRoutingGroupconnectorsAllothercombinationswillforceeachmessagetogothrough7-bitconversionsresultingin30%additionalbytesonthewireExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程ImplementMessageSizeLimitsLargemessagescanmonopolizeExchangeserversSetsensiblelimitsinglobalsettingsCanExchangeprocessmessagesofanysize?OnlysetSMTPlevellimitsonincomingbridgeheadserversImplementMaxDSNSizeifyouarenotrunningExchangeServer2003SP1ExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程CheckIPStackConfigurationWatchfortyposonDNSandWindowsInternetNameService(WINS)addressesFallbacktobroadcastingAlwaysensurethatprimaryDNSisavailableThereisa30%reductioninmailflowperformanceifsecondaryDNSisusedExchangeServer白手起家系列系統(tǒng)SLA和監(jiān)控流程UnderstandClientAdd-InsManyadd-instoOutlookwilldramaticallyincreasetheloadontheserverRe-calculateIOPSUseExMontooltotraceusers/exchange/downloads

Value-addservicessuchasBlackberryusuallyrequirestore-leveltuning/?id=216076EnsurethelatestCollaborationData