河南省豫南五市2023屆高三下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷(含答案)

河南省豫南五市2023屆高三下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷

學(xué)校：姓名：班級(jí)：考號(hào)：

一、閱讀理解

Winterhikesbringtheirownchallengesandrewardsfortheadventurouswalker.From

RomanruinstotheWelsh3000s,weexplorethebestwinterhikesintheUK.

GreatGable,LakeDistrict

Thisisoneofthemostpopularandwell-lovedLakelandfellswith360~degree

PanOramiC(全景的)views.Thismountainstandstallat899m,andtherearemanydifferent

routesuptothesummit,dependingonhowmuchofachallengeyouwant.

Thisisanamazinghikeinwinteryconditions,butneverunderestimatehowquicklythe

weathercanchange.Makesureyouhaveplentyoflayers,andaflaskofyourfavouritewarm

drinktoenjoyatthesummitwhileyoutakeintheviews.

Estimatedwalktime:4hours

Length:6.1km

Difficulty:Challenging

YGarnviaEastRidge,Snowdonia

YGarnisoneofthe15mountainsthatareover3000fttallinWales.

PartoftheWelsh3000s,thisisafabhikeforbeginnersorsolohikerswithastraight

forwardpath.TherouteisflatforthefirsthalfamileuptoLlynIdwaltarn,andonceyou

reachthesummit,youhaveincredibleviewsoverOgwenValley.

TheviewsareincrediblelookingovertoTryfanandtheOgwenValley,makingitwell

worththeclimb.

Estimatedwalktime:3hours50minutes

Length:7.6km

Difficulty:Moderatetochallenging

MamTorviaGreatRidge9PeakDistrict

MamTor(MotherHill)standsat517m,situatedinthePeakDistrictwithinthevillageof

Castleton.Thispopularwalkisgreatforsolohikerswithanobviouspath,andtherouteis

usuallybusy,sotherearealwayspeopleabout.

ItboastsamazingviewsofWinnatsPass-afamousLimestoneGorgewithanen-tranceto

SpeedwellCavern.

Estimatedwalktime:4hours

Length:12.9km,

Difficulty:Moderate

PenYGhent,YorkshireDales

ThisisthesmallestoftheYorkshireThreePeaksfoundinHortoninRibblesdaleinthe

Dales.Thispopularhikeisanothergreatoneforsolohikerswithawell-ledpath.

Thereisagreatwindbreakatthetoptositandtakeintheviews.

Thereisanoptiontotaketheeasierpathwithagradualinclinetothesummitorthered

route,whichismorechallenging.

Estimatedwalktime:3hours40minutes

Length:10.5km

Difficulty:Moderatetochallenging,dependingontheroute

1、WhatisrequiredofhikerstoprepareforthewinterGreatGablehike?

A.Outdoorflashlight.B.Compass.

C.Adequateclothes.D.First-aidkit.

2、WhatdoMamTorviaGreatRidgeandPenYGhenthikinghaveincommon?

A.Nopreviousexperienceisneeded.B.Thedifficultylevelischallenging.

C.Thehikeisperfectforsolohikers.D.Therouteisalwaysbusyandcrowded.

3、Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthepassage?

A.Asciencejournal.B.Atravelbrochure.

C.Afashionmagazine.D.Ahealthwebsite.

Thisparagraphisnotordinary.Lookatit.Atfirst,itwon,tlooktooodd.Justanor-mal

paragraph,youmaythink.Butlookatitagainandyoumightfinditabitunusual.Justatiny

bit.What,swrongwithit,youmayask.Nothingwrongatall,infact.Looka-gain.Is

anythingnotright?Canyouspotit?Isanythingmissing?

Whatyou,vejustreadisaIipogram——atextwrittenwithoutusingaparticularletterofthe

alphabet.It'sthehardestkindofIipogram,asitdoesn'tcontaintheletterE-themostcommon

letterinEnglishlanguage.NowimaginethetaskfacedbytheFrenchwriterGeorgesPerec,

whenafriendchallengedhimtowriteawholenovelwithoutusingE—aletterthatiseven

morecommoninFrenchthaninEnglish.

Perecwasfrighteninglyclever.HewrotecrosswordpuzzlesforParismagazines.Hehad

alreadywrittena5,000wordpalindrome一atextthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwards,

likethewell-known?Aman,aplan,acanal-Panama,.Buthisfriendsthoughtthatthistask

wouldbebeyondhim.

Hetookupthechallenge.Hewasunabletousemorethan70percentofthewordsinthe

Frenchlanguage.Surelyenoughtokillanywriter'sabilitytocreate.Butonthecontrary,he

discoveredthatthisimpossibleruleunlockedhisimagination.Helaterclaimedthathewrote

hisnovelfasterthananyofhisotherbooks.TheresultwasLaDisparition,asurrealdetective

storyaboutthemysteriousdisappearanceofacharacternamedAVowl.（Getit?）TheonlyEs

werethefourinhisnameonthecover.

4、WhatcanweknowaboutaIipogram?

A.ItisatextwrittenwithoutusingaparticularletterE.

B.AtextwithoutusingEintheFrenchlanguageisthehardestkind.

C.Itisatextthatreadsthesameforwardsandbackwards.

D.AtextwithoutusingEintheFrenchlanguageisanewformofalphabet.

5^WhichsentencedoesNOTusetheruleofpalindrome?

A.Nursesrun.B.WasitaratIsaw?

C.Nolemons,nomelons.D.DidAnnasayasAnnadid?

6、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeGeorgesPerec?

A.Confidentbutunfortunate.B.Ambitiousandresponsible.

C.Intelligentandcreative.D.Imaginativebutstubborn.

7、WhichsentenceisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.PereccoulduseonlyfewerthanhalfthewordsintheFrenchlanguage.

B.Perec,sfriendsknewhecouldwriteanovelwithoutusingE.

C.Perecfoundtheexperiencemadehimlesscreative.

D.Theimpossibleruleheldbackhisspeedofwritinghisnovel.

HighintheSwissAlps,StMoritzmadeitsnameasaplaceforpushingtheboundariesof

wintersports.Recently,theregioncontinueditslongtraditionofexpandingthelimitsofwhat

ispossiblewithaworldrecordattempt-notonsnoworice,butonrails.Ibmarkthe175th

anniversaryofSwitzerland'sfirstrailway,arailwaycompanycreatedtheworld'slongest

passengertrain-IOOcars,2,990tonnesandalmosttwokilometerslong.

Formedof25newelectrictrains,therecord-breaking1,906-metertraintookal-mostan

hourtocoveraround25kilometersovertheimpressiveUNESCOWorldHeritageAlbula

Line,whichisfamousforitsendlessswoopingcurvesandsteepLClineS（斜坡）.Thnmountain

railwaysareregardedasgreatfeatsofengineering.The62-kilometerlinebetweenThusisand

StMoritz,aworld-renownedmasterpieceofcivilengineering,tookjustfiveyearstobuild

despiterequiring55bridgesand39tunnels.

UnlikemostSwissandEuropeanrailways,whichusethestandardgauge（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌總巨）

betweentherailsof1.435meters,therails,knownasRhaetischeBahnrails,arejustone

meterapart.nInordertocompletethetrain,sjourneysuccessfully,everythinghastobe

perfect.Weneedtobe100%SynChroniZed（同步的）,everysecond.Everyonehastokeep

theirspeedandothersystemsundercontrolatalltimes,"leaddriverAndreasKramersaid.

,'WeneedtoknowtheAlbulaLineverywell,everychangeofgradient,andeveryincline.,,

ThemountainousSwisslandscapehasencouragedcreativetransportationsolutionsfor

generations,resultinginoneofthemosttrain一reliantnationsintheworld.Onaver-age,

Swisscitizenstravelabout2,450kilometersbytrainannually一anestimatedquarteroftheir

totaltransportationsystem.In2021,SwissFederalRailwaysoperated11,260trainscarrying

880,000passengersand185,000tonnesofgoodsperdayona3,265kilometer-longnetwork

with804stations.Therefore,thesuccessfulrecordattemptwillbegreatforthelocalareaand

forthecountryasawhole.

8、Whyistheworld'slongestpassengertraincreated?

A.Tosatisfypeople,sincreasingdemandfortransportation.

B.Tocelebratethe175thyearofSwissfirstrailway.

C.ToencouragepeopletopayattentiontoSwisswintersports.

D.ToattractmorevisitorstoappreciatethebeautyofStMoritz.

9、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"feats”probablymeaninparagraph2?

A.Achievements.B.Competitions.C.Difficulties.D.Expectations.

10、WhatdoesAndreasKramerthinkofthedrivers*work?

A.Boringbutwell-paid.B.Impressiveanddifficult.

C.Demandingandchallenging.D.Dangerousbutrewarding.

11、WhatcanbeIeamtfromthefiguresinthelastparagraph?

A.TourismincreasinglygainspopularityamongSwisscitizens.

B.Constructingtheworld,slongesttrainhasproventobedifficult.

C.ThesuccessfulrecordattempthasgreatsignificanceforSwitzerland.

D.ThedevelopmentofgreentransportationisanimportantgrowingtrendinSwitzerland.

Nuclearbombs.That,sthego一toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids（小行星）

andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddon

relyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliver

thedrama.

Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-coming

spacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingit

offcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.

ThatsjustwhatNASAdidonMondayevening,whenaspacecraftheadedstraightintoan

asteroidcalledDimorphos,whichisaround7millionmilesawayandposesnothreattoEarth.

It,sabout525feetacrossandorbitsanotherlargerasteroid.

InimagesStreamed(傳輸)asthecrashneared,theegg一shapedasteroidgrewinsizefrom

alittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignal

wentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.

Eventshappenedexactlyasengineershadplanned,theysaid,withnothinggoingwrong.

“Asfiaraswecantell,ourfirstplanetarydefensetestwasasuccess,,,saidElenaAdams,the

missionsystemsengineer,whoaddedthatscientistslookedonwith,,bothterrorandjoy"as

thespacecraftneareditsfinaldestination.

ThecrashwasthepeakofNASA'sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART),a7-yearand

morethan$300millioneffortwhichlaunchedaspacevehicleinNovemberof2021to

performhumanity,sfirstevertestofplanetarydefensetechnology.Itwillbeabouttwo

months,scientistssaid,beforetheywillbeabletodetermineifthecrashwasenoughtodrive

theasteroidslightlyoffcourse,probablyshorteningitsoriginalorbit.

NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid一huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.

"We,vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction一

levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.Butmanyasteroidsthesiteof

Dimoiphoshaven,tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityifthey

camecrashingdown.πexplainsLindleyJohnson.NASA,sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.

12、Whydoestheauthormentionthemovies?

A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Toprovidetheevidence.D.lbmakeanadvertisement.

13、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.NEOSurveyorhastrackedlotsofspacerocks.

B.NASApushedDimorphosbycrashing.

C.Dimorphoscouldcauseextinction-levelevents.

D.Scientistshaverecordedthewholecrashprocesswithatelescope.

14、WhichismostpossiblyLindleyJohnson,sviewaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.LargerasteroidswillnotbeathreattoEarth.

B.AsteroidslikeDimorphosaremoredestructivethanotherlargerones.

C.NEOSurveyormaybeexpectedtodiscoverasteroidsthesizeofDimorphos.

D.NASAshouldshouldertheresponsibilityforthecrash.

15、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Theimpactofplanetarydefensetechnology.

B.AthreattoEarthfromasteroids.

C.Thecontributiontospacesafety.

D.Acrashwithasmallspacecraft.

二、七選五

16、Since2011,peoplearoundtheworldhavebeencelebratingWorldIntrovertDayon

January2.Thewordintroverteddescribesapersonalitytype.①Theyarelikelytofeel

exhaustedbyenvironmentsthatarehighlysimulatingandmayoftenneedtogotoaquiet

placetorecharge.

WorldIntrovertDaybeganwithablogpostfromGermanpsychologistFelicitasHeyne.

Shesuggestedthatintrovertsareoftenmisunderstoodandtheirmentalhealthsuffersbecause

popularcultureisdominatedbyextroverts.HerideawastocelebrateWorldIntrovertDayto

raiseawarenessofthesocialchallengesthatintrovertsface.②

Therearemanyfamousintrovertsinartandscience,suchasAlbertEinstein,Charles

Darwin,,andJ.K.Rowling.Itisbelievedthatmanyintrovertshaveagreatabilitytofocus

andstrongpowerofimagination.

③Extrovertsloveconnectingwithotherpeople,workwellingroups,andare

usuallyveryconfident.Whenintrovertsdon,tfitintogroupsofextrovertstheymaybeseen

ascold,uninterested,orshy.Popularculturetellsusthatitisimportanttonetwork,socialize,

andcommunicate,butallofthiscanmakeintrovertsfeeluncomfortable.

Scientistsarestudyingwhatcausessomeonetobeanintrovertoranextrovert.Recent

studiesshowthatgenesareafactor,andmostpeopleseemtobebornwithonepersonalityor

theother.(4)Thebrainofanintrovertcanresponddramaticallytoaverymildstimulus,

butthebrainofanextroverttendstoneedastrongerstimulustohavethesamereaction.

Ourenvironmentandexperiencesalsoinfluencewhetherweareintrovertedorextroverted.

Thetermambivertdescribessomeonewhoisrightinthemiddle.⑤

A.Theoppositeofanintrovertiscalledanextrovert.

B.Introvertedpeopledon'trequirealotofsocialcontact,andtheyenjoyspendingtimealone.

C.Introvertedpeopleareknowntolivewithuniquechallengesandgift.

D.Whateverpersonalitytypewehave,wecancelebrateourdifferencesandlearnfromeach

other.

E.Itwouldalsocelebratethecontributionsofintrovertsthroughouthistory.

F.Partofwhatmakesusintrovertedorextrovertedishowourbrainsrespondtotheworld

aroundus.

G.Extrovertsareeasilyaccessibleandunderstandable.

三、完形填空（20空）

Istillremembermyfather,ssheepishexpressionatbreakfastthemorningafterhe,dbeen

invitedtohavedinneratacolleague,shouse.1arrivinginBrazil,backinthedarkages,

he'd2hishostsbymakingahandgesturewhichhehadalwaysunderstoodtomean"OK”,

butinBrazil,itmeantsomethingquite3.

4,he,draisedhisfingerstohis5andmadeakissingsound,whichagain,hemeant

asawayof6thatsomething-inthiscasethemealhe,djustbeenaskedto7-was

delicious.

Thefauxpas（失態(tài),失禮）was8forgotten.Myfather,scolleagueandhiswife

understoodheprobablywasn,tyet9ofthelocalmeaningofthegesture.Iwas10of

thismomentmyselfafewmonthsintomystayinChina.After11acolleague'sWeChat

messagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant"keepfighting",asecondcolleague

appeared.

nTheChineseversionisabitdifferent,"shesaid,takingoutherphone."Seethese12?u

"Theymean,Iwillhityou,.π

Needlesstosay,Ididn,tusethat13VanGoghagain.

Lifeisfullof14meanings.Wegenerallyunderstandthatevenifitstings,amistakeis

onlyaninsultwhenitis15.Yetaswelookaround,muchfrictionoriginatesfrom16,

andhistoryisfullofthe17outcomesofcrossedcommunication.

Myfather,sfauxpaswas18becauseofcontext-hehadjustarrived,hecouldnotknow,

anditdidn,tmakesensethathe'dbeoffensivebydesign.Butwhen19ismissingor

differentlyunderstood-perhapsitistimeWeallthinktwicebeforetypingortalking,

especiallywhentheconsequencescanbemuch20thanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker.

17、A.GraduallyB.FreshlyC-EventuallyD.Originally

18、A.offendedB.annoyedC.frightenedD.defeated

19、A.essentialB.seriousC.differentD.virtual

20、A.InfactB.AsaresultC.AfterallD.Evenworse

21、A.lipsB.eyesC.headD.knees

22>A.permittingBJndicatingC.advocatingD.sharing

23A.gothroughB.reflectionC.commentonD.referto

24、A.occasionallyB.randomlyC.purelyD.swiftly

25、A.bearableB.awareC.confidentD.generous

26、A.accusedB.remindedC.informedD.convinced

27>A.replyingtoB.callingforC.searchingforD.turningdown

28、A.programmesB.miraclesC.charactersD.impacts

29、A.particularB.criticalC.motionlessD.splendid

30、A.simpleB.identicalC.flexibleD.crossed

31、A.exceptionalB.deliberateC.delicateD.vivid

32、A.hesitationB.opportunityC.misunderstandingDxompetition

33、A.unlikelyB.irregularC.illegalD.unfortunate

34、A.forgivenB.deliveredC.hiddenD.remembered

35、A.virtueBloleranceC.contextDxontradiction

36、A.betterB.saferC.funnierD.severer

四、語法填空

37、AfterEmperorKangxidecidedtobuild①summerresortherein1703,

ChengdebecamethesecondpoliticalcenteroftheQingDynasty,anditwasalsotheplace

wheretheemperorsreceivedforeignguests,avoidedsummerheatandhunted.

②(construct)throughoutthe18thcentury,theMountainResortwasusedbysome

emperorsoftheQingDynasty.Duringthereign(統(tǒng)治)ofEmperorYongzheng,thecityRehe

wascalledChengdeforthefirsttime,anditreachedits(3)(high)inthereignof

EmperorQianlong.

TheMoutainResortandEightOuterTemples④(list)amongtheWorldCultural

Heritagesitesin1994,andtheyhavecontributedtowardsthecitybeingoneofthefamous

citiesintheworld.

AlittlefurtherupnorthofChengdeliesanotherjewelofthecity——thenaturalhotsprings.

It,snowonderthatinQingDynastyChengdewascalledRehe,whichliterallytranslates⑤

πhotriver".Thehotsprings⑥(contain)about43kindsofmineralsare⑦

(benefit)tothehumanbody.

InthesouthwestofChengde,thereisawonderland,⑧(specific)forartistsandspace

lovers.It,salsohometooneoftheworld'sbiggesttelescopesknownasLAMOST,through

⑨youcanobservemorethan4000starsatonetime.

Whetheryouhaveacreativespirit,ascientificmind⑩aresimplylookingfora

soul-cleansinggetaway,Chengdeisaperfectplaceforyou.

五、短文改錯(cuò)

38、假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或

修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（八）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Beingcaughtinafloodisincredibledangerous.Likemanyothernaturaldisaster,floods

canoccurwithlittleandnowarning.Flashfloodsareknowntoriptreesouttheground,

destroybuildingsandcausebridgestocollapse.However,theflooditselfisn'tanonlyissue

todealwithit.Theaftermath（后果）canbedeadly,soitmaynotbepossibletodeliver

essentialsuppliessuchaswaterandfoodtothedisasterareas.Sowhatshouldwedotosave

us?Avoidpassingthroughbridgesthatcrossesrapidly-movingwater,asflashfloodscan

causebridgestocollapse.Iftrapwithinafloodingbuilding,movetothehighestfloor.Only

movetotheroofifnecessary.

六、書面表達(dá)

39、為了讓學(xué)生近距離接近大自然,上周六你們班組織了一次春游踏青活動(dòng),請(qǐng)你寫一篇

文章報(bào)道此次活動(dòng)，

內(nèi)容包括：

1.具體的活動(dòng)安排；

2.活動(dòng)的意義；

3.你的感受。

注意：

L詞數(shù)不少于100字；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。

參考答案

1、答案：C

解析：徒步旅行者要為冬季GreatGable徒步旅行準(zhǔn)備什么?A.戶外電筒。B.指南針。C.

充足的衣服。D.急救箱。根據(jù)GreatGable,LakeDiStriCt部分第二段中"Makesureyou

haveplentyoflayers,andaflaskofyourfavouritewarmdrinktoenjoyatthesummitwhile

youtakeintheVieWS.（確保你有足夠的衣服,還有一瓶你最喜歡的熱飲,可以在山頂欣賞風(fēng)

景時(shí)享用。）"可知,需要充足的衣服。故選C。

2、答案：C

解析：MamTorviaGreatRidge?PenYGhent徒步旅行有什么共同點(diǎn)?A.不需要先前的

經(jīng)驗(yàn)。B.困難級(jí)別是有挑戰(zhàn)性的。C.這些徒步旅行對(duì)單獨(dú)徒步旅行者是完美的。D.路

線經(jīng)常繁忙擁擠。根據(jù)MamTorviaGreatRidge,PeakDistrict部分第一段中"This

popularwalkisgreatforsolohikerswithanobviouspath,andtherouteisusuallybusy,so

therearealwayspeopleabout.（這條受歡迎的步道非常適合獨(dú)自徒步旅行的人,因?yàn)槁窂?/p>

很明顯,而且這條路線通常很繁忙,所以周圍總是有人。）"與PenYGhent.YorkshireDales

部分第一段中"Thispopularhikeisanothergreatoneforsolohikerswithawell-ledpath.（這

個(gè)受歡迎的徒步旅行有很好的指引道路,是另一個(gè)很好的獨(dú)自徒步者的路線。）”可知,它

們的共同點(diǎn)是適合單獨(dú)徒步旅行者。故選C。

3、答案：B

解析：你最可能在哪里找到這篇文章?A.科學(xué)雜志。B.旅行手冊(cè)。C.時(shí)尚雜志。D.健康

網(wǎng)站。根據(jù)第一段Winterhikesbringtheirownchallengesandrewardsfortheadventurous

walker.FromRomanruinstotheWelsh3000s,weexplorethebestwinterhikesinthe

UK.（冬季徒步旅行給愛冒險(xiǎn)的步行者帶來了挑戰(zhàn)和回報(bào)。從羅馬遺址到威爾士3000年

代,我們探索英國最好的冬季徒步旅行。）并結(jié)合全文可知,文章主要介紹了英國冬季的

三個(gè)適合徒步旅行的地方,由此可推知,本文的出處是旅行手冊(cè)。故選B0

4、答案：B

5、答案：C

6、答案：C

7、答案：A

8、答案：B

9、答案：A

10、答案：C

11、答案：C

12、答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。文章第一段講到“Nuclearbombs.That'sthegotoanswerfor

incomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids（小行星）andcometsasfarasHollywoodis

ConCerned.（核彈。就好萊塢而言,這是小行星和彗星等即將到來的太空物體的最佳答

案。）”可知,作者提到電影是為了介紹主題,故選B。

13、答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。文章第二段講到"Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,if

astronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbe

somethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmall

SPaCeCraft?（但行星防御專家表示,事實(shí)上,如果天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊即將到來的危險(xiǎn)太空

巖石,最安全、最好的答案可能是更微妙的事情,比如用一艘小型航天器將其撞擊,使其

偏離軌道。）"可知,我們能從文章中推斷出美國國家航空航天局通過撞擊推動(dòng)了

DimorPhOS,故選B。

14、答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。文章最后一段講至『‘We'vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythe

largeronesthatcouldcauseextinction—levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreaten

Earth.ButmanyasteroidsthesiteofDimorphoshaven'tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecould

potentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown."（我們已經(jīng)追蹤到了許多太空巖石,

尤其是那些可能引發(fā)爆炸級(jí)事件的較大巖石。幸運(yùn)的是,目前沒有一顆威脅地球。但許

多Dimorphos大小的小行星尚未被發(fā)現(xiàn),如果它們墜落,可能會(huì)摧毀一座城市。）可知,根

據(jù)最后一段LindleyJohnson的觀點(diǎn)最有可能是近地天體勘測(cè)者可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)DimOrPhoS

大小的小行星,故選C。

15、答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了美國國家航空和宇宙航行局（NASA）的行星防御專

家實(shí)施的行星防御測(cè)試,利用小型航天器與一塊即將到來的危險(xiǎn)太空巖石撞擊,使太空巖

石偏離軌道。文章第二段講到"Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomers

spottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomething

moresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallSPaCeCraft.（但行星

防御專家表示,事實(shí)上,如果天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一塊即將到來的危險(xiǎn)太空巖石,最安全、最

好的答案可能是更微妙的事情,比如用一艘小型航天器將其撞擊,使其偏離軌道。）”可知,

這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是與一艘小型航天器的相撞,故選D。

16、答案：EDAGF

17、答案：B

18、答案：A

19、答案:C

20、答案：D

21、答案：A

22、答案:B

23、答案：C

24、答案：D

25、答案:B

26、答案：B

27、答案：A

28、答案：C

29、答案：A

30、答案：D

31、答案：B

32、答案：C

33、答案：D

34、答案：A

35、答案：C

36、答案：D

37、答案：①a②COnStrUCted③height④WereIiSted⑤as⑥COntaining⑦beneficial⑧

SPeeifiCalIy⑨WhiCh⑩Or

解析：①句意:當(dāng)康熙皇帝1703年決定在此建造一個(gè)避暑勝地后,承德成為了清朝的第

二政治中心,也是皇帝接待外賓,避暑和狩獵的地方。結(jié)合空后的名詞短語summer

resort（避暑勝地,summer以輔音音素開頭,可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式resort度假勝地）,可知不定

冠詞a（一個(gè),位于以輔音音素開頭單詞前,修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),表示泛指）符合題意,builda

SUmmerreSOrt,表示建造一個(gè)避暑勝地。故答案為a。

②根據(jù)句中已有謂語wasUSed（被使用,一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）,結(jié)合邏輯主語the

Mountainresort（避暑山莊）與所給COnStrUCt（動(dòng)詞,建造）為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,可知非謂語一過去分

詞ConStrUCted（表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系）符合題意,表示建造這座避暑山莊貫穿整個(gè)18世紀(jì),供清

朝的一些皇帝使用。句首字母大寫,故答案為COnStrUCted。

③根據(jù)空前的形容詞性物主代詞its（它的,可修飾名詞）,結(jié)合所給high（可作形容詞或副

詞,高的）,可知height（不可數(shù)名詞,高度）符合題意,表示在乾隆統(tǒng)治時(shí)期達(dá)到了它的高

度。故答案為height。

④根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in1994（在1994年,說明發(fā)生過的事情,用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)）,結(jié)合復(fù)數(shù)主語

TheMountainResortandEightOuterTemPIeS（避暑山莊和外八廟）與所給list（動(dòng)詞,列出；

將...列為）為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,可知wereIiSted（一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),were對(duì)應(yīng)復(fù)數(shù)主

語,listed為動(dòng)詞IiSt過去分詞）符合題意,表示避暑山莊和外八廟在1994年被列為世界歷

史文化遺址。故答案為wereIisted0

⑤根據(jù)which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中謂語translated動(dòng)詞translate第三人稱單數(shù)形式,一般現(xiàn)

在時(shí)態(tài),相關(guān)搭配translateas,翻譯為）和空后的名詞短語hotriver（熱河）,可知介詞as（作為）

符合題意,表示按照字面意思翻譯成“熱河”。故答案為as15

⑥根據(jù)句中系動(dòng)詞are（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),對(duì)應(yīng)復(fù)數(shù)主語）,結(jié)合邏輯主語ThehotSPringS（溫泉,

也是本句主語）與所給COntain（動(dòng)詞,包含）為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,可知非謂語一現(xiàn)在分詞

Containing（表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系）符合題意,表示含有約43中礦物質(zhì)的溫泉對(duì)人的身體有益。故

答案為Containingo

⑦根據(jù)句中系動(dòng)詞are（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),對(duì)應(yīng)復(fù)數(shù)主語,后常加形容詞作表語）,結(jié)合所給

benefit（可作動(dòng)詞,有益于,可作名詞,好處;益處,相關(guān)搭配bebeneficialto對(duì)...有益）,可知

beneficial（形容詞,有益的,作表語）符合題意,表示含有約43中礦物質(zhì)的溫泉對(duì)人的身體

有益。故答案為beneficial。

⑧