2024年高考英語押題卷01（江蘇專用）（解析版）

2024年高考英語押題卷01（江蘇專用）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內相應位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．（2023上·江蘇淮安·高三校聯考期中）Whatwillhappeninthespeakers’company?A．Theofficebuildingwillchange.B．Manyemployeeswilllosetheirjobs.C．Allemployeeswillearnmoremoney.【答案】A【原文】W:Don’ttellanyoneinthecompany,butwe’veboughtanewofficespacedowntown.M:Thatisfarfrommostemployees’homes.Willtherebepayincreases?W:Onlyforseniorstaffmembers.We’llaskemployeestobeunderstanding.2．（2023上·江蘇淮安·高三校聯考期中）Howdoesthemanfeel?A．Confident. B．Nervous. C．Excited.【答案】B【原文】M:I’mnotsureifIcandothis.Whatifpeopledislikemyperformance?W:Youneedtostopgettingsoupset!Stopworryingaboutwhatpeoplethinksomuch.3．（2023下·江蘇南通·高三海安高級中學校考開學考試）Whatisthewomandoing?A．Askingtheway.B．Givingdirections.C．Havingahaircut.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme.Iwonderifyoucanhelpme.M:Sure.Whatisit?W:Iwanttohavemyhaircut,butIcan’tfindabarbershop.M:Iknowwhereoneis.Comeon—I’llshowyou.4．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）Whichsubwaylinewillthemangetonfirst?A．Theredline. B．Theblueline. C．Thecentralline.【答案】A【原文】M:Whatisthequickestwaytogettothesciencemuseumfromhere?W:Youshouldusethesubway.TaketheredlinetoCentralStation,andthenchangetothebluelinetothemuseumstop.M:That’sgreat.Thankyouforyourhelp.5．（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考三模）Whydoesthemanfeelsorryfortheotherteam?A．Theteamlostbytoomuch.B．Theteamdidn’tmakehimexcited.C．Theteamwithdrewfromthematch.【答案】A【原文】W:Didn’tyouwatchthegamelastnight?M:Idid.Iactuallyfeltquitesorryfortheotherteam,tolosebysomuch.W:Ithinkit’smuchmoreexcitingtowatchwhenthetwosidesareaboutasgoodaseachother.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7小題。（2023·江蘇·校聯考模擬預測）6．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Neighbors. B．Strangers. C．Brotherandsister.7．Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A．Fixherwindow. B．Buyheranewcup. C．Walkherdog.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:Mrs.Black,Iwanttoapologize.IaccidentlykickedmyballintoyourgardenandIthinkIheardawindowbreak.W:Itwasn’tawindow.ItwasjustacupIhadleftoutside.M:Well,anyway,I’msorry.I’dliketobuyanewoneforyou.W:There’snoneed,Kevin,Itwasanoldcup.M:Butmysistersaysweshouldalwayspayforourmistakes.W:Yoursisterisverywise.Ifyouwanttomakeituptome,youcouldwalkmydog.M:OK.W:Great.聽第7段材料，回答8、9小題。（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江第一中學統(tǒng)考二模）8．Whydidthemanchoosethecafearoundthecorner?A．Foritsbettertaste. B．Foritsshorterdistance. C．Foritslowerprice.9．Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A．10dollars. B．16dollars. C．20dollars.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Hey,Katherine,I’mgoingtomakeacoffeerun.DoyouWantacup?W:Idoneedsomecoffee.I’msosleepynow.Whereareyougoing?M:Thecafearoundthecorner.They’vegotaspecialpromotiongoingonrightnow.20%off.Youcanrefertothemenuonitsleaflet.W:OK,cool.JustgetmealargeAmericanowithtwosugarpacketsontheside,please.Itsoriginalpriceis10dollars.M:LargeAmericano,twosugars.Noproblem.Anythingelse?W:Ialsoneedacappuccino,ifyoudon’tmind.ItspriceisthesameaslargeAmericano.M:Gotit!聽第8段材料，回答10至12小題。（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）10．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theircollections. B．Theirtravelplans. C．Theirfamilymembers.11．Whendidthewomanstopcollectingcoins?A．Threeyearsago. B．Twoyearsago. C．Oneyearago.12．Whatisthebuildingontheman’sfavoritepostcard?A．TheFlatironBuilding.B．TheEmpireStateBuilding.C．TheNewYorkTimesBuilding.【答案】10．A11．C12．A【原文】M:Hi,Amy.Doyoustillcollectcoins?W:No,Igaveupcollectingthemlastyear.Inowcollectstamps.Ifindthemmoreinterestingthancoins.M:Whyisthat?W:Becausetherearealotmoreofthem,andtheyaremorecolorfulthancoins.M:IguessIneverthoughtaboutitthatway.W:Whywereyouaskingaboutmycollection?M:Icollectpostcards,andIjustthoughtitwouldbefuntoshowsomeoneelsemycollection.W:I’dbehappyto.Howmanypostcardsdoyouhave?M:Well,Istartedtwoyearsagobecauseallmyrelativessentmethosepostcardsfromtheirtravels.Inowhaveover50ofthem.W:That’samazing.Whichoneisyourfavorite?M:TheonemyuncleSamsentmefromNewYork.Ithasapictureofafamousbuildingonit.W:TheEmpireStateBuilding?M:No,it’scalledtheFlatironBuilding.W:Iknowthatone.Itisabeautifulbuilding.聽第9段材料，回答13至16小題。（2023·江蘇·校聯考三模）13．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife. B．Oldfriends. C．Doctorandpatient.14．Whydoesthemanlookfatnow?A．Heexercisesless. B．Hiswifetoldhimtoeatmore. C．Helosthisjob.15．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Sheistoobusytoworkoutinahealthclub.B．It’scheaptoapplyformembership.C．Normalpeopleshouldexerciseeveryday.16．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A．Weak. B．Fat. C．Thin.【答案】13．B14．A15．B16．C【原文】M:Hi!It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.W:Yes.it’sbeenalongtime.Hey,you’vegottenbiggersincethelasttimeIsawyou.M:Yeah,eversinceIgotmarried,I’vebeenputtingonweight.Mywife’sagoodcook.W:Iknowalotofpeoplewholetthemselvesgoaftertheygetmarried.Butdon’tblameyourwife’sgoodcooking.Youneedtostartexercisingagain.M:IknowIshould.ButafterIcomehomefromwork,I’mtootiredtoexercise.AndIdon’thaveanyplacetoworkoutanyway.W:Haveyouthoughtaboutjoiningahealthclub?M:Ihave.Buttheyareexpensive.Also,Ihavefriendswhogothereanditseemslikealltheyeverdoisworkout.Ijustdon’thavethetime.W:I’mamemberofSpaFitnessandyou’dbesurprisedathowinexpensiveayear’smembershipis.It’struethatthereareafewpeoplewhoarecrazyaboutbody-building,butmostofthemembersare“normal”peoplewhoworkoutforaboutanhourjustthreetimesaweek.M:Soundsreasonable.Imean,youlookskinnyenough.W:Well,totellthetruth,Ihaven’talwaysbeenthisslim.AfterIturned30,Istartedputtingonweight.Fromthenon,Idecidedtotakeregularexerciseandhavebeeninshapeeversince.聽第10段材料，回答17至20小題。（2023·江蘇·統(tǒng)考一模）17．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Strangers. C．Teammates.18．Whatisthegirlafraidof?A．Losingatsports.B．Failingthetest.C．Missingsomeclasses.19．Whatgamewouldn’ttheboyliketoplayanymore?A．Soccer. B．Baseball. C．Basketball.20．Whereisthelibrary?A．Onthethirdfloor. B．Onthesecondfloor. C．Onthefirstfloor.【答案】17．A18．A19．B20．A【原文】M:Ourbiologytestisgoingtobesohard.Ifailedlastweek’stestandI’msoafraidofdoingthesameforthisone.I’mgoingtohavetostudyforhoursthisweek!I’llnevermakeittobasketballpractice.W:Butmysoccerteamjustmadeittothefinalgame.Ineedtopractice!IfIdon’tpractice,Icouldbethereasonwedon’twin!It’slikewhenyouplaybaseballinthespring,youguysarealwayswinningandyouneverhavetimetostudy!M:Yeah,we’reactuallyreallygood,butIdon’twanttoplayanymore.Thepracticetakesuptoomuchtime,andit’snolongerfun.Besides,mygradesaremoreimportanttome.Sinceyoucan’tstudyafterschool,wouldyouwanttostudytogetherduringlunch?There’sanemptyclassroomonthefirstfloor.W:Whynotstudyinthelibrary?Therearebigtableswecanuse,andit’sinthesamebuilding.Justtwofloorsabove.M:OK.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）Tohelpnewstudents,theInternationalBusinessInstitute(IBI)planstosetupabuddy(伙伴)peersupportproject.TheprojectwillhelpnewstudentsmeetcurrentstudentsatIBIwhocanprovidethemwithsomefriendlycompanyduringtheirfirstmonthsinNewcastleandhelpthemwithanysmallproblemsthattheymayhave.What’sinitforyou?Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonallysatisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.Responsibilitiesofbuddies?Telephoneandarrangetomakecontactwiththenewstudent.?Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalareaAnswerquestionsaboutlivinginNewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.?Arrangetomeetthenewstudentonmorningorafternoononeweekendearlyinthesemester,andtakethestudenttoplacesthatyouenjoyinNewcastle.?Bepreparedtotakephonecallfromthenewstudenttoanswerfurtherquestionsthathe/shemayhavefromtimetotime.Meettoexplaininformationtothenewstudentinperson,ifrequired.?Youwillbematchedtoanindividualnewstudent.However,ifyouhavefriendswhoarealsobuddies,youmightprefertoformasupportgrouptogether.Thiswouldmeanthatyoumeetthenewstudentsasagroupratherthanone-on-one.?Beingabuddyisvoluntary.Thereisno“requirement”toprovideassistancebeyondthehelpoutlinedabove.Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddy,youwillbeexpectedtofulfillyourroleconscientiouslyandcheerfully.Itwillbeimportanttobeconsiderateandreliablesothatthestudentcanfeelconfidentinyoursupport.21．Accordingtothepassage,whatbenefitcanyougetfrombeingabuddy?A．Youcanlearnhowtobeaconfidentperson.B．Itiseasyforyoutofindsomefriendlycompany.C．Youcanberewardedwithbothmoneyandprizes.D．Itmaybehelpfulforyourfuturestudiesandcareer.22．Whichofthefollowingisoneofbuddy’sresponsibility?A．FormingasupportgroupwithothervolunteersatIBI.B．Familiarizingthenewstudentwithhisorhersurroundings.C．Buildingupthenewsuet’sconfidenceinhisorherstudy.D．Meetingthenewstudenteverymorningearlyinthesemester.23．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toinformstudents’responsibilitiesinnewcampus.B．Toattractpotentialvolunteerstobepeersupporters.C．ToofferanopportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.D．Tointroduceapeersupportprojectfornewstudents.【答案】21．D22．B23．B【導語】這是一篇應用文。為了幫助新生，國際商學院（IBI）計劃建立一個項目，該項目將幫助新生認識在校學生，并幫助他們解決他們可能遇到的任何小問題。文章主要介紹了作為同伴支持者的好處以及應當履行的一些責任。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.(它還將幫助你建立可能對你未來的學術和職業(yè)生涯有價值的聯系)”可知，作為伙伴的好處是對你未來的學習和事業(yè)有幫助，故選D。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據Responsibilitiesofbuddies下的第二段“Meetthestudentandshowhim/heraroundthecampusandthelocalareaAnswerquestionsaboutlivinginNewcastleandadministrationproceduresatIBI.(與學生見面，帶他/她參觀校園和當地環(huán)境，回答有關在紐卡斯爾生活和IBI行政程序的問題)”可知，作為伙伴的其中一個責任是使新生熟悉環(huán)境。故選B。23．推理判斷題。根據第二段中“Webelievethatbeingabuddywillberewardinginseveralways.Asavolunteer,itwillbepersonallysatisfyingtoknowthatyouareabletohelpnewstudents.Itwillalsohelpyoumakecontactsthatmaybevaluableinyourfutureacademicandprofessionallives.Ifyouareanoverseasstudent,itwillgiveyouanotheropportunitytopractisespeakingEnglish.(我們相信成為一個好朋友會在幾個方面得到回報。作為一名志愿者，知道自己能夠幫助新同學，對你個人來說是一件令人滿意的事情。它還將幫助你建立可能對你未來的學術和職業(yè)生涯有價值的聯系。如果你是一個留學生，這將給你另一個機會練習說英語)”和最后一段中“Pleasenotethatifyouagreetobecomeapeersupportbuddy,youwillbeexpectedtofulfillyourroleconscientiouslyandcheerfully.(請注意，如果你同意成為一個同伴支持伙伴，你將被期望認真和愉快地履行你的角色)”可推知，作者的寫作目的是吸引潛在的志愿者成為同伴支持者。故選B。B（2023·江蘇南京·金陵中學?？寄M預測）Asparents,wealwayshopetodevelopcharactertraitsinourchildrenthatwillenhancetheirsuccessinlife.WhenourdaughterMeegan,theeldestoffivechildren,lostherfronttoothattheageofsix,wefoundthefollowingnotewrappedaroundthetinytooth.DerToothFairy，Plezelevemeyormajikwand(杖).Iwanttobeatoothfairy,too.LuvMeeganRecognizingpotentialleadershipskills,preciousopportunityandtheteachablemoment,the“ToothFairy”leftthefollowingnoteforlittleMeegan:DearMeegan,IhaveworkedhardtobeagoodToothFairyandIlovemyjob.Youaretooyoungforthejobjustnow,soIcannotgiveyoumywand.Buttherearesomethingsthatyoucanstarttodotoprepareyourselfforthejob:1)Alwaysdoyourbestineveryjobthatyoudo.2)Treatallpeopleasyouwishtobetreated.3)Bekindandhelpfultoothers.4)Alwayslistencarefullywheneverpeoplespeaktoyou.Iwillinterviewyouonedaywhenyouareolderandreadyforthejob.GoodLuck,Meegan!TheToothFairyMeeganwasthrilledattheresponsefromtheToothFairy.Shetookthemessagetoheartandcarefullyfollowedtheinstructions,alwaysworkingtoimproveasshegrew.Hercharacter,herstrengthandherleadershipskillsgrewrightalongwithher.Aftergraduatingmagnacumlaude(以優(yōu)秀成績)fromcollege,Meeganacceptedachallengingmanagementposition.Sheexcelled,andbyage27,shewasthetopmanagerofthecompany.OnedayMeeganandIweretalkingabouthersuccess.Shetoldmethatthecompanypresidenthadonceaskedherwhatinfluenceshadmotivatedhertowardsuccess.“Whatdidyoutellhim?”Iasked.Shereplied,“Myparents,myteacherandmyfriends.And,ofcourse,theToothFairy!”24．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“theteachablemoment”referto?A．Meeganlostatooth. B．Meeganwrappedatooth.C．Meeganwroteanote. D．Meeganreceivedanote.25．WhowrotethereplynotetoMeegan?A．TheToothFairy. B．Herparents. C．Herteacher. D．Herfriends.26．WhywasthemessagesocarefullyfollowedbyMeegan?A．IthelpedMeeganseehergoalreachable.B．ItpromisedMeeganahigh-rankingposition.C．ItdemonstrateddesirablecharactertraitstoMeegan.D．IttaughtMeegantobuildenjoyableinterpersonalrelationships.27．HowdidMeeganbecomesosuccessful?A．Shewasgiftedwithsupernaturalpower.B．Shewasappreciatedforoutstandingtalent.C．Shewasmotivatedtodevelopfinequalities.D．Shewasencouragedtoworkinachallengingposition.【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．C【導語】這是一篇記敘文。這篇文章講述了一個父母如何通過一個牙仙子寫的紙條來培養(yǎng)女兒的性格特征以及女兒如何通過遵循這些指示走向成功并感謝牙仙子的教導。主要強調了做好準備、待人友善、樂于助人等品質對于成功的重要性。24．詞義猜測題。根據第一段“WhenourdaughterMeegan,theeldestoffivechildren,lostherfronttoothattheageofsix,wefoundthefollowingnotewrappedaroundthetinytooth.Plezelevemeyormajikwand.Iwanttobeatoothfairy,too.(當我們的女兒Meegan，五個孩子中最大的一個，在六歲時失去了門牙時，我們發(fā)現下面的紙條包裹在這顆小牙齒上。請給我你的魔杖，我也想成為一名牙仙。)”可知，Meegan給牙仙子寫了一個紙條表達自己的愿望，父母抓住這個教育的契機，以牙仙子的口吻跟孩子進行交流。所以“theteachablemoment(可教的時刻)”指的是Meegan給牙仙子寫了一個紙條表達自己的愿望（Meeganwroteanote），父母抓住這個教育的契機。故選C。25．推理判斷題。根據第一段“WhenourdaughterMeegan,theeldestoffivechildren,lostherfronttoothattheageofsix,wefoundthefollowingnotewrappedaroundthetinytooth.Plezelevemeyormajikwand.Iwanttobeatoothfairy,too.(當我們的女兒Meegan，五個孩子中最大的一個，在六歲時失去了門牙時，我們發(fā)現下面的紙條包裹在這顆小牙齒上。請給我你的魔杖，我也想成為一名牙仙。)”和“Recognizingpotentialleadershipskills,preciousopportunityandtheteachablemoment,the“ToothFairy”leftthefollowingnoteforlittleMeegan(認識到潛在的領導技能、寶貴的機會和，“牙仙”給小米根留下了以下便條。)”可知，Meegan給牙仙子寫了一個紙條表達自己的愿望，父母抓住這個教育的契機“theteachablemoment(可教的時刻)”，以牙仙子的口吻跟孩子進行交流。故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據“IhaveworkedhardtobeagoodToothFairyandIlovemyjob.Youaretooyoungforthejobjustnow,soIcannotgiveyoumywand.Buttherearesomethingsthatyoucanstarttodotoprepareyourselfforthejob.(我一直努力成為一個好的牙仙，我熱愛我的工作。你還太年輕，不能勝任剛才的工作，所以我不能把魔杖給你。但你可以開始做一些事情來為這份工作做好準備。)”和“MeeganwasthrilledattheresponsefromtheToothFairy.Shetookthemessagetoheartandcarefullyfollowedtheinstructions,alwaysworkingtoimproveasshegrew.(米根對牙仙子的回應感到非常激動。她把這一信息牢記在心，并認真遵循指示，始終努力隨著成長而進步。)”可知，Meegan根據牙仙子的要求，努力做好自己，以期早日達到牙仙子所提出的要求，實現自己的愿望。A選項“IthelpedMeeganseehergoalreachable.（這幫助米根看到了自己的目標。）”符合原文意思。故選A。27．推理判斷題。根據“MeeganwasthrilledattheresponsefromtheToothFairy.Shetookthemessagetoheartandcarefullyfollowedtheinstructions,alwaysworkingtoimproveasshegrew.Hercharacter,herstrengthandherleadershipskillsgrewrightalongwithher.(米根對牙仙子的回應感到非常激動。她把這一信息牢記在心，并認真遵循指示，始終努力隨著成長而進步。她的性格、她的力量和她的領導能力都隨著她的成長而成長。)”可知，收到牙仙子的回復，Meegan非常激動，并把她的話記在心里去實施，努力做到。C項“Shewasmotivatedtodevelopfinequalities.(她被激勵去培養(yǎng)優(yōu)秀的品質。)”與原文意思一致。故選C。C（2023·江蘇蘇州·統(tǒng)考模擬預測）Rushupthestairs.Playgameswithyourkids.Increasingthevigor(活力)ofourdailyactivitiescouldhaveahugeimpactonourlonglife,accordingtoanewstudyofmovementintensityanddeathrate.Thestudyfindsthatasfewasthreeminutesadayofvigorouseverydayactivityislinkedtoa40percentlowerriskofearlydeathinadults,evenwhentheydonotexerciseatall.“Itisfantastic”research，saidUlrikWisloff,thedirectoroftheK.G.JebsenCenterforExerciseinMedicineattheNorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology.Thestudy’sresultsjoinrisingscientificevidencethataddingalittleintensitytoourlivespaysbigdividendsforourhealth,withoutrequiringextraequipment,instruction,gymmembershipsortime.Theideathathowwemoveinfluenceshowlongweliveishardlynew.Plentyofresearchlinksregularexercisewithlongevity(長壽),includingtheformalpublichealthexerciseguidelines,whichrecommendatleast150minutesaweekofmoderate(適度的)exerciseforhealthandlongevity.More-focusedresearch,though,suggestsintensifyingsomeofourexerciseincreasesthehealthbenefits.Ina2006studyfromWisloff’slab,forinstance,just30minutesaweekofintenseexercisedroppedtheriskofdyingfromheartdiseasebyabouthalfinmenandwomen,comparedtopeoplewhoweresittinglong.Similarly,astudypublishedlastyearinJAMAInternalMedicineconcludedthatpeoplewhooccasionallypushedthemselvesduringexercisewereabout17percentlesslikelytodieearlythanpeoplewhodidthesameamountofexercise,butatagentler,mildpace.Bothofthesestudies,though,werebasedonpeople’srecallofhowmuchandhowhardtheyexercised.Theyalsowereexercisestudies,makingthemofinterestmostlytopeoplewhoexerciseorwouldliketo,whichdoesnotrepresentthegreaterpartofhumanity.“Ifwe’rehonest,mostpeopleareallergic(過敏)totheword‘exercise,’”saidEmmanuelStamatakis,aprofessorofphysicalactivityandhealthstudiesattheUniversityofSydney,wholedthenewstudy.28．Whatisthemainfindingofthenewstudy?A．There’saconnectionbetweenexerciseintensityandlonglife.B．Increasingtheintensityofdailyactivitymayaffectourlife.C．Vigorouseverydayactivityisbetterthanmoderateexercise.D．Thewaypeoplechoosetoexercisedeterminespeople’shealth.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“paysbigdividendsfor”meaninparagraph3?A．Bringsgreatbenefitsto. B．Causesseriousharmto.C．Takesoffthepressurefrom. D．Raisesbigmoneyfor.30．WhydoestheauthormentionthestudyfromWisloff’slabinparagraph4?A．Toexplaintherightamountofexerciseimproveshealth.B．Toshowenergeticexerciseraisesheartratesandbreathing.C．Toproveaddingsomeintensitytoexercisebringsmorebenefits.D．Todemonstrateexerciseinagentlerwaybenefitspeoplemore.31．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．People’ssubjectiverecallisreliable.B．Mostpeoplelikeexercisetoacertaindegree.C．Thenewstudyinvolvesagreatmajorityofpeople.D．Thenewstudyhassomelimitationsaspreviousones.【答案】28．A29．A30．C31．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現，該研究結果表明增加我們日?；顒拥幕盍赡軐ξ覀兊拈L壽產生巨大影響。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段“Increasingthevigor(活力)ofourdailyactivitiescouldhaveahugeimpactonourlonglife,accordingtoanewstudyofmovementintensityanddeathrate.(根據一項關于運動強度和死亡率的新研究，增加我們日?；顒拥幕盍赡軐ξ覀兊拈L壽產生巨大影響。)”以及第二段“Thestudyfindsthatasfewasthreeminutesadayofvigorouseverydayactivityislinkedtoa40percentlowerriskofearlydeathinadults,evenwhentheydonotexerciseatall.(研究發(fā)現，即使成年人根本不運動，每天只要進行三分鐘的劇烈運動，就能將他們早死的風險降低40%。)”可知，該研究結果表明運動強度和長壽之間存在聯系。故選A。29．詞義辨析題。根據劃線單詞下文“Theideathathowwemoveinfluenceshowlongweliveishardlynew.Plentyofresearchlinksregularexercisewithlongevity(長壽),includingtheformalpublichealthexerciseguidelines,whichrecommendatleast150minutesaweekofmoderate(適度的)exerciseforhealthandlongevity.(我們的行動方式會影響我們的壽命，這一觀點并不新鮮。大量的研究將有規(guī)律的運動與長壽聯系起來，包括正式的公共衛(wèi)生運動指南，建議每周至少進行150分鐘的適度運動，以保持健康和長壽。)”可知，劃線單詞指的是運動有好處。選項A“Bringsgreatbenefitsto.(給……帶來巨大的好處。)”；選項B“Causesseriousharmto.(對……造成嚴重傷害。)”；選項C“Takesoffthepressurefrom.(減輕……的壓力。)”；選項D“Raisesbigmoneyfor.(為……籌集大筆資金。)”。故選A。30．推理判斷題。根據文章第四段“More-focusedresearch,though,suggestsintensifyingsomeofourexerciseincreasesthehealthbenefits.Ina2006studyfromWisloff’slab,forinstance,just30minutesaweekofintenseexercisedroppedtheriskofdyingfromheartdiseasebyabouthalfinmenandwomen,comparedtopeoplewhoweresittinglong.(然而，更有針對性的研究表明，加強一些運動可以增加健康益處。例如，在維斯洛夫實驗室2006年的一項研究中，與久坐不動的人相比，每周只進行30分鐘的劇烈運動就能使男性和女性死于心臟病的風險降低約一半。)”可知，第四段提到維斯洛夫實驗室的一項研究，是為了證明上一句——加強一些運動可以增加健康益處。故選C。31．推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Bothofthesestudies,though,werebasedonpeople’srecallofhowmuchandhowhardtheyexercised.Theyalsowereexercisestudies,makingthemofinterestmostlytopeoplewhoexerciseorwouldliketo,whichdoesnotrepresentthegreaterpartofhumanity.(然而，這兩項研究都是基于人們對他們鍛煉的次數和強度的回憶。它們也是運動研究，使它們主要對那些運動或想要運動的人感興趣，這并不代表人類的大部分。)”可知，這項研究也存在一定的局限性。故選D。D（2023·江蘇鹽城·統(tǒng)考三模）Bothhumansandanimalspossesstheabilitytocryoutforhelpwhenendangeredorthreatened.Plants,asitturnsout,cantoo.“Wefoundthatplantsusuallyemit(發(fā)出)soundswhentheyareunderstressandthateachplantandeachtypeofstressisassociatedwithaspecificidentifiablesound,”researchersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsraelwroteintheirfindings,publishedinthescientificjournalCell.“Whileundetectabletothehumanear,thesoundsemittedbyplantscanprobablybeheardbyvariousanimals,suchasbats,mice,andinsects.”Stressorslikedehydration(脫水)anddamagetoleavesgaverisetotheplants’high-pitched(尖聲的)cries,whichrangedfrom20to250kHz.Thebiggerthedanger,themorefrequentaplant’ssignals.“Unstressedplantsemittedlessthanonesoundperhour,onaverage,”researcherLilachHadanysaid,“whilethestressedplants—bothdehydratedandinjured—emitteddozensofsoundseveryhour.”Tocatchthesesounds,Hadany’steamsurroundedtomatoandtobaccoplantswithsuper-sensitivemicrophones.Theythenfedthedataintoanartificialintelligenceprogramthatcouldtellthedifferencebetweenthespeciesofplantandthetypesofsoundsproduced.“Ourfindingssuggestthattheworldaroundusisfullofplantsounds,andthatthesesoundscontaininformation,”Hadanywrote.Sheaddedthattotranslatethatinformation,wejustneedthe“righttoolssuchassensorsthattellgrowerswhenplantsneedwatering.”Doingso,researchersnoted,mayallowfarmerstojudgeexactlywhenandwheretowatercrops.Savingwater,increasingharvests,andloweringstressforbothplantandhumankind.32．WhatdidresearchersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsraelfind?A．Creaturestendtocryoutforhelpwhenindanger.B．Plantscangiveoffsoundswhentheyarestressed.C．Plantsoundscanbeheardbybothanimalsandhumans.D．Plantsmakethesamesoundwhatevertypeofstresstheyhave.33．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinparagraph3?A．Theinfluenceofstressonplants.B．Theurgencyofrelievingstressofplants.C．Thepossibilityofplantsemittingsounds.D．Theimportanceofconductingtheresearch.34．Whywasanartificialintelligenceprogramusedintheresearch?A．Tohelpgetridofplantstress.B．Toidentifythetypesofstress.C．Tocollectsoundsemittedbyplants.D．Toanalyzethecollectedsoundsofplants.35．WhatcanwelearnfromHadany’swordsinthelastparagraph?A．Theresearchisofpracticalvalue.B．It’sdifficulttounderstandplantsounds.C．Furtherresearchisneededinthefuture.D．It’saseasyaspieforfarmerstogrowcrops.【答案】32．B33．A34．D35．A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于植物會發(fā)聲的研究。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“‘Wefoundthatplantsusuallyemit(發(fā)出)soundswhentheyareunderstressandthateachplantandeachtypeofstressisassociatedwithaspecificidentifiablesound,’researchersfromTelAvivUniversityinIsraelwroteintheirfindings,publishedinthescientificjournalCell.(以色列特拉維夫大學的研究人員在發(fā)表在科學雜志《細胞》上的研究結果中寫道：“我們發(fā)現，植物在受到壓力時通常會發(fā)出聲音，每種植物和每種類型的壓力都與一種特定的可識別聲音有關?！?”可知，以色列特拉維夫大學的研究人員發(fā)現植物在有壓力時會發(fā)出聲音。故選B項。33．推理判斷題。根據第三段“Stressorslikedehydration(脫水)anddamagetoleavesgaverisetotheplants’high-pitched(尖聲的)cries,whichrangedfrom20to250kHz.Thebiggerthedanger,themorefrequentaplant’ssignals.‘Unstressedplantsemittedlessthanonesoundperhour,onaverage,’researcherLilachHadanysaid,‘whilethestressedplants—bothdehydratedandinjured—emitteddozensofsoundseveryhour.’(脫水和葉片受損等壓力因素會導致植物發(fā)出20至250千赫的高分貝叫聲。危險越大，植物發(fā)出的信號就越頻繁。研究人員LilachHadany說：“沒有受到壓力的植物平均每小時發(fā)出不到一個聲音，而受到壓力的植物——無論是脫水的還是受傷的——每小時發(fā)出幾十個聲音?！?”可推知，作者想在第三段主要想介紹壓力對植物的影響。故選A項。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段中“Theythenfedthedataintoanartificialintelligenceprogramthatcouldtellthedifferencebetweenthespeciesofplantandthetypesofsoundsproduced.(然后，他們將數據輸入一個人工智能程序，該程序可以分辨出植物種類和發(fā)出的聲音類型之間的差異)”可知，在研究中使用人工智能是為了分析收集到的植物聲音。故選D項。35．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Sheaddedthattotranslatethatinformation,wejustneedthe‘righttoolssuchassensorsthattellgrowerswhenplantsneedwatering.’Doingso,researchersnoted,mayallowfarmerstojudgeexactlywhenandwheretowatercrops.Savingwater,increasingharvests,andloweringstressforbothplantandhumankind.(她補充說，要翻譯這些信息，我們只需要合適的工具，比如傳感器，告訴種植者植物何時需要澆水。研究人員指出，這樣做可以讓農民準確地判斷何時何地給作物澆水。節(jié)約用水，增加收成，減輕植物和人類的壓力。)”可推知，Hadany的話表明該研究具有一定的實用價值。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考二模）LifelonglearningandtheFutureofWork:ChallengesandOpportunitiesOurworldisundergoingdramaticandtransformativechangetechnological,organizational,andclimaticpresentingnewchallengestothefutureofwork.Theseglobaltrendsarehavingasignificantimpactonskills.36.Thatisbecauseskillsacquiredtodaymayquicklybecomeobsolete(淘汰的).TheconceptoflifelonglearninghasbeenaroundfordecadesandtheILO(InternationalLabourOr