2024年高考英語(yǔ)押題卷01（北京專用）（原卷版） - 副本

2024年高考英語(yǔ)押題卷01（北京專用）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔：考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。（2023·北京朝陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模）IgraspedasandwichasItriedtofinishmyworkduringlunch.Mycompany,likemanycompanies,had1costsbynotreplacingpeopleastheyleft.Thesurvivorshadtotakeupthework.Formeandmyco-workers,thismeantnolunchhour.Iwantedtoquit,butgiventheeconomy,itwashardtofindanotherjob.Ifelt2.Thenaconversationwithasix-year-oldgirlchangedmy3.Theyounggirlwasstandinginlinewithhermomatthesupermarket.“Gooddayatschool?”Iasked.Anod.“What’syourfavoritesubject?”“Lunch.”Ismiled.Thathadbeenmy4too.Atlunch,Icouldtalkwithmyfriends,drawpicturesorplaygames.Therewerenoadultstotellmewhattodo.Thetimewasmine.Butwhathappenedtolunchtimenow?IknewIwasentitledtoalunchbreakatwork.SoIdecidedto5it.OurofficewaslocatedinthedowntownandIsetoutto6thearea.Afewblocksawaywasanartmuseumwithfreeadmission.Attheendofanotherstreet,Iwassurprisedtodiscoversomehorseseatinggrassinafield.Atthebeginningofmytoursduringlunch,Ireceivedsome7staresfrommyco-workers,butIchosetoignorethem.Infact,Iwatchedinamazementthatsomeofthemstartedto8theirworkduringlunch.9,westartedinvitingeachotheroutforwalksanddiscoveredwehadothertopicsofconversationbeyondthecommoncomplaintsaboutwork.I’mstilllookingforanewposition,butwithlessanxietythanbefore.Ifwecan’tchangeour10,wecanchangeourattitude.1．A．counted B．cut C．paid D．raised2．A．trapped B．fearful C．shocked D．hurt3．A．work B．way C．view D．plan4．A．decision B．explanation C．secret D．a(chǎn)nswer5．A．take B．make C．find D．stop6．A．explore B．measure C．develop D．identify7．A．innocent B．determined C．sympathetic D．unpleasant8．A．carryon B．takeover C．putaside D．gothrough9．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Accidentally D．Obviously10．A．strategies B．circumstances C．responsibilities D．principles第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A（2023·北京海淀·三模）Facedwithhealthornutritionquestions,itis11(increase)commonforpeopletogoonlineanddiagnosethemselves.ButtheInternetisfullofconflictinghealthwarningswithnoregulationtoremovethewrongadvice,someof12isextremelydangerous!Also,searchenginesrankresultsbypopularityratherthanaccuracy,sosolidfactscanbetrickytofind.Itisworthexamining13thewriterofanonlinepieceisproperlyqualifiedasanexpert.Remember,onlyofficiallyrecognizedpracticingdoctorsaswellasdietitianshavedegreesingivingmedicalsuggestions.B（2023·北京昌平·統(tǒng)考二模）Mynewbookcelebratesthepowerofmathematicalthinkingtogetyoutoyourgoal14(success)withouthoursoflabour.It’syourshortcutthatmathematicians15mehavecomeupwithtoyourdestination.Ofcourse,whileI16(produce)ThinkingBetter:Theartoftheshortcut,Ireadagoodfewbooks.Here’salistofthosethatwerethemostinfluentialinmyjourneytofindthesmartestwaysofthinking.C（2023·北京海淀·統(tǒng)考二模）Thiswasnotmyfirstattempttolearntorideabike.Ihadtriedonseveraloccasionsbutalways17(fail).Butthisshotfeltsomewhatdifferent.Determinedtosucceed,Itooktothestreetsofourquietneighborhood.Thelearningprocessproved18(pain),butIwentatitanyway.Afteramonthoflabor,Imadeit.Ibeganmydailytoursonthebackstreetswithlighttrafficandgraduallycycledtobusierareas19Icouldsharethestreetwithdogwalkers.Icouldalsogreetmyneighbors,appreciatinghoweverythingfunctioned20harmony.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A（2023·北京房山·統(tǒng)考二模）GeneralLRCrulesWehaveanumberofsimplerulestohelpyouusetheLanguageResourceCentre(LRC).Pleasecooperateandenjoyyourvisitwithus.●Noeatingordrinking●Nocopyingofaudiocassettes●YoucanusetheLRCcitheronyourownduringself-accesstimesoryoumayuseitwithyourteacheraspartofalesson.●Ifyouuseitasaself-accessstudent,youmustscanyourborrowerbarcode(issuedbythelibrarystaff)whenenteringandleaving.TheLRCisforusebyLanguageCentrestudentsonly.●Allbagsmustbeputinthebag-rack.Pleaseworkquietly.Thisisalibraryandmanystudentsarestudyingforexams.PhotocopyingWehaveaphotocopieravailable.Pleaseaskthelibrarystafftohelpyou.Thecostis20cforoneA4sheet.BorrowingfromtheLRCLanguageCentrestudentsarepermittedtoborrowmaterialsfromthelibrary.Otherschools’studentsmustusethefacilitiesattheirownschools.Full-timestudents:Giveyourphoto—IDcardtothelibrarianandyouwillgetanLRCnumber.Part-timestudents:Youwillneedtobringyour$50.00depositreceiptfromthecashier.Whenyourcoursefinishes,bringyourlibrarycardbackandyourdepositwillberefundedincash.LoansLanguagestudentscanborrowupto4items(ofwhichnomorethan2canbekits)atonetime.Kitsarebagscontainingbook(s)pluscassette(s).Allteachertraineestudentsmayborrowupto3items:●Testmaterials1week●Listeningkits1week●Mostotherbooks2weeksBooksmarkedREFinredarereferencebooksandcannotbetakenoutofthelibrary.BooksmarkedREFingreenmayberemovedbystaffonly.Mostitemscanberenewedonce.Testmaterialscannotberenewed.21．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．YoucanborrowandcopyaudiocassettesfromtheLRC．B．TheLRCcanonlybeusedbystudentsstudyingforexams.C．StudentsandteacherscanphotocopymaterialsattheLRCforfreeD．TeachersareallowedtousetheLRCwhengivinglessonstostudents.22．Accordingtothepassage,part-timestudentsattheLanguageCenter_________.A．canborrowatleastfouritemsatonetimeB．shouldrenewthetestmaterialsonceaweekC．shouldpayadepositbeforeborrowingmaterialsD．cantakebooksmarkedREFinredoutofthelibrary23．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．ToexplainhowtousetheLRC．B．Torecommendresourcesforlanguagelearning.C．Topresentthedifferentfunctionsofschoolfacilities.D．TointroducehowtoborrowreferencebooksfromtheLRC．B（2023·北京昌平·統(tǒng)考二模）Everwonderwhathappenstospacecraftaftertheygetlaunchedtospace?Well,thatiswheremyjobasaninstrumentoperationsengineercomesin.Myjobconsistsofplanning,generating,andoperatingscientificinstrumentsin-flight.IamgratefulforhavingworkedonmissionsatSaturn,theMoon,andourownplanetEarth.WhenIwasahigh-schooler,IwasunsureofwhatcollegeIwantedtoattend,orwhatmajorIwantedtochoose.AfterreceivinganemailfromacollegecalledMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),Idecidedtoapplytoasummerprogramtheywereofferingwiththeencouragementofmymom.Afterparticipatinginthatprogram,IknewthatMITwastherightuniversityforme.Thepassionatestudentsandboundlessopportunitiesdevelopedafeelingofbelonginginmethatledmetoapplyandeventuallygetaccepted.ThemostexcitingandfulfillingpartofbeinganengineeristhatIamabletoworkonprojectsthatbenefithumanity.Whenpeoplethinkofthespaceindustry,theypicturetheouterreachesofoursolarsystem.Whattheymaynotimagineisthegreatbodyofworkbeingdonetostudyourownhome-Earth.Iamthankfultohaveacareerthatallowsmetocommitmyselftothatresponsibility.ThehighlightofmycareerhasbeenwitnessingtheendoftheCassinimissiontoSaturn.SomeofthepeopleontheteamhadbeenworkingonthemissionforlongerthanIhadbeenalive,buttheystilltreatedmeasoneoftheirown.Iwasgiventheopportunitytooperatethecamerasthatwouldcatchbreathtakingimagesoftheplanet.AndwhentheCassinispacecrafthadrunoutoffuel,Iquicklylearnedthatitwasnotjusttheendofthemission,buttheendofateam.ThenightwewatchedwithbittersweetlongingasitssignalfadedtonothingissomethingthatIwillalwayskeepinmymemories.AndwhileCassiniwillberememberedforitshistoriccontributions,whatIwillrememberitforistheteamitbroughttogether.Myfriendsoftenaskwhyagirlcouldachieveallthese.Ialwaysgrewupabigfanoffiction.IreadtheHarryPotterbooksandlovedanythingfantasy.Irealizedthatacommonthemeofherostoriesisthattheheromustalwaysmakeachoicetostarttheiradventure.Ifyoudon’tpickuptheswordinyourownstorybecauseyouareafraidofwhatmayhappennext,yourisknothavingastoryatall.24．WhydidtheauthorapplytoMIT?A．ThemajorsinMITinterestedher. B．HermotherurgedhertogotoMIT.C．Shesetthisgoalasahigh-schooler. D．AsummerprogrammadeherloveMIT.25．Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutheroccupation?A．It’seasytopredictwhatshedoes. B．It’shardforagirltohavesuchacareer.C．Sheisannoyedbybeingmisunderstood. D．Sheisproudtoworkforhumanwell-being.26．WhatdoestheauthorvaluemostintheCassinimission?A．Itshistoriccontributions. B．Theteamitbroughttogether.C．Breathtakingimagesoftheplanet. D．Theopportunitytooperatethecameras.27．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Practicemakesperfect. B．Nowayisimpossibletocourage.C．Wellbegunishalfdone. D．Timelostcannotbewonagain.C（2023·北京海淀·統(tǒng)考二模）Evenpeoplewhotendtothinkconventionally,suchasaccountants,canbecreative,arecentstudysuggests,iftheycanlookatemotionalsituationsinadifferentlight.Inasetofexperiments,researchersfoundthatconventionalthinkerscameupwithmorecreativeideasthanpeersaftertheypractised“emotionalreappraisal”.Thismeansviewingasituationthroughanotheremotionallens,suchastryingtoseeananger-inducingeventasonethatisneutralorhopeful.Thestudyindicatesthatcreativityissomethingthatcanbetrained.“Wheneverwebreakawayfromourexistingperspectiveandtrytothinkaboutsomethingthat’sdifferentfromourinitialreaction,there’sacreativeelementtoit.Ifwecanpractiseortrainthatflexible-thinkingmuscle,itmayhelpusbemorecreativeovertime,”saidleadauthorLilyZhu,anassistantprofessoratWashingtonStateUniversity.Forthestudy,Zhuandhercolleaguesconductedtwosimilarexperiments.Inthefirstexperimentwith335peoplerecruitedthroughacrowdsourcingplatform,theparticipantswerefirstrankedontheiropennesslevelsandthenshownafilmscenedesignedtoelicit(引起)anger.Whileviewing,theyweregivendifferentinstructions:tosuppresstheiremotions,tothinkaboutsomethingelsetodistractthemselvesortotryemotionalreappraisal—lookingatthescenethroughanotherlens.Somewerealsogivennoinstructiononhowtoregulatetheirfeelings.Afterviewingthefilm,theparticipantswereaskedtocomeupwithanideatouseanemptyspaceintheirbuilding.Thoseideaswerethenevaluatedbyapanelofexpertswhodidnotknowanythingabouttheparticipants.Ideassuchasusingthespacefor“nappingcapsules”wereconsideredhighlycreativewhereasideaslikeopeningasimilarcafeteriaasbeforewereconsideredlowincreativity.Thenextexperimenthadadifferentgroupof177participantswriteaboutanexperiencethatmadethemangry.Theywerethentaskedwitheitherwritingaboutitagainfromadifferentemotionalperspectiveorwritingaboutsomethingelseasadistraction.Inbothexperiments,conventionalthinkingparticipantswhotriedemotionalreappraisalcameupwithmorecreativeideasthanotherconventionalthinkerswhousedsuppression,distractionornoemotionalregulationstrategyatall.Notably,forparticipantswhowereconsideredcreativethinkerstobeginwith,emotionalreappraisaldidnotseemtohavemucheffectontheircreativity.Astotheimplicationsofthestudy,Zhusuggestedthatsupervisorsinworkplaceshoulddeveloptrainingstocultivatecreativethinkingskillsinemployees.Individualscanalsopractiseemotionalreappraisalwhenconfrontedwithacrisisorchallengeinsteadofsuppressingnegativeemotions.28．Whichofthefollowingismostprobablyanexampleofemotionalreappraisal?A．Consideringanoccurrenceobjectively.B．Takingone’ssuccessasanopportunity.C．Distractingoneselffromanannoyingevent.D．Regardingdisappointmentasaturningpoint.29．Fromthestudy,weknowthat________.A．creativethinkers’creativitywasenhancedafterpractisingemotionalreappraisalB．evaluatingexpertshadadequateinformationabouttheresearchsubjectsC．theresearchfindingscouldbeappliedtothetrainingofemployeesD．thefirstexperimentaimedtoselectthemostcreativedesign30．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ChangeFeelingstoBoostCreativityB．EffectiveStrategiestoManageEmotionsC．ThinkOvertoExploreCreativePotentialD．ANewWaytoRemoveNegativeEmotionsD（2023·北京平谷·統(tǒng)考一模）Askasmarthomedevicefortheweatherforecastandittakesseveralsecondsforthedevicetorespond.Thislatency(延時(shí))occursasconnecteddevicesdon’thaveenoughmemoryorpowertostoreandruntheenormousmachine-learningmodelsneededforthedevicetounderstandwhatauserisaskingofit.Themodelisstoredinadatacenterthatmaybehundredsofmilesaway,wheretheansweriscomputedandsenttothedevice.MITresearchershavecreatedanewmethodforcomputingdirectlyonthesedevices,whichdrasticallyreducesthislatency.Theirtechniqueshiftsthestepsofrunningamachine-learningmodeltoacentralserverwherecomponentsofthemodelareencodedontolightwaves.Thewavesaresenttoaconnecteddeviceusingfiberoptics(纖維光學(xué)),whichenablestonsofdatatobesentlightning-fastthroughanetwork.Thereceiverthenemploysasimpleopticaldevicethatrapidlyperformscomputationsusingthepartsofamodelcarriedbythoselightwaves.Thistechniqueleadstomorethanahundredfoldimprovementinenergyefficiencywhencomparedtoothermethods.Itcouldalsoimprovesecurity,sinceauser’sdatadonotneedtobetransferredtoacentrallocationforcomputation.Thismethodcouldenableaself-drivingcartomakedecisionsinreal-timewhileusingjustatinypercentageoftheenergycurrentlyrequiredbypower-hungrycomputers.Itcouldalsoallowausertohavealatency-freeconversationwiththeirsmarthomedevice,beusedforlivevideoprocessing,orevenenablehigh-speedimageclassificationonaspacecraftmillionsofmilesfromEarth.“Everytimeyouwanttorunaneuralnetwork,youhavetoruntheprogram,andhowfastyoucanruntheprogramdependsonhowfastyoucanpipetheprograminfrommemory.Ourpipeismassive—itcorrespondstosendingafullfeature-lengthmovieovertheinterneteverymillisecondorso.Thatishowfastdatacomesintooursystem.Anditcancomputeasfastasthat,”saysprofessorDirkEngland.Theneuralnetworkarchitectureinvolvesstoringweightsinacentralserverthatisconnectedtoanovelpieceofhardwarecalledasmarttransceiver.Thissmarttransceiver,athumb-sizedchip(芯片),canreceiveandsenddata.Movingforward,theresearcherswanttoupdatethesmarttransceiverchiptoachieveevenbetterperformance.31．What’stheparagraph1mainlyabout?A．Thecauseofthelatency.B．Theeffectofthelatency.C．Theadvancedsmartdevice.D．Themodelsstoredinadatacenter.32．Howdoesthisnewmethodreducelatency?A．Byimprovingthepartsofamodel.B．Byusingopticstospeedupcomputations.C．Bycomputingdirectlyinremotedatacenters.D．Byinventinganewmachine-learningmodel.33．Theauthormentionsaself-drivingcarto________.A．introducetheimpactofthelatencyB．explainhowdataisquicklycomputedinthissystemC．demonstratethetechnique’senergysavingandsafetyD．highlighttheuser’ssatisfactionwithmoderntechnology34．Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．Thenewtechniquewillbefurtherimproved.B．Opticsneedstobedevelopedandusedurgently.C．Thenewcomputingarchitectureisveryperfect.D．Thetechniquewasdevelopedtosendmoviesovertheinternet.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2023·北京朝陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考二模）Inourmodernworld,thereareendlessalternatives.Haveyoueverfoundyourselfwonderingwhetheryoushouldquitorstayinyourjob,acceptanofferorgiveitupforanother?Thereisasimpleandpracticalmethodthatsolvesthisproblem.35Whenyouunderstandtheconcept,youhavethepowertomeasureeveryalternativewithprecisionandmaketherightdecision.Inthefieldofeconomics,opportunitycostisthevaluethatyouhavetogiveupwhenyouchooseanoptionoveranothergoodoption.36Everytimeyouchoosesomething,yougiveupotheralternativestogetherwiththeirfinancialbenefits.Itisnotalltheotheroptions,butthemostvaluedonethatisdefinedastheopportunitycost.37Takethesimpleexampleoftryingtodecidewhethertotakepublictransportationfor80minutesortodrivefor40minutes.Youmightsaveonthecostofgaswhileridingthebusbutdoublethetriplengthandmissoutonotherthingsyoucouldhavedoneduringthattime.38Thisishowyoucreateprioritiesinyourdailylife.Thoughusefulindecisionmaking,thebiggestdrawbackofopportunitycostisthatit’softenrelatedtowhat’shardtoquantify.39Afterall,puttinganumbertoyourpeacefulmindorhappinesscanbedifficult.Opportunitycostisn’tcutanddried.Itvariesfrompersontoperson.Attheendoftheday,youareinchargeofwhatyouownandwhatyouwanttogain.A．Itisaboutfindingouttheopportunitycost.B．Weighthelossesandgains,andmakeyourdecision.C．Opportunitycostmattersnotonlyineconomicsbutalsoinreallife.D．Thisisespeciallytruewhentheopportunitycostisofnon-financialbenefit.E．Thekeyprincipleunderlyingtheideaisthatthereisnosuchthingasfreelunch.F．Mostpeopleoverlookopportunitycostbecausethebenefitsareusuallyhiddenfromview.G．Itisthedevelopmentofimportantskillsthatwouldhelpyoumoveforwardinyourdailylife.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。（2023·北京東城·統(tǒng)考二模）Withsociety’shighpressurestoachieve,it’sunderstandablethatindividualsprefertohidetheirweakpoints—butdoingsocomesatacost.IlearnedthatlessonwhenIparticipatedinahikingexpedition.Asanewhiker,Istruggled.Thetripwasdifficulttomeevenwithoutneedingtocarrymyheavycampingpacks.Iwassloweddown,yetIrefusedtotellmyteammatesinhopesthatIwouldseemperseverant.Tomydelightandsurprise,oneofthemoreactivemembersrequestedthatwestopforabreak.IquicklyrealizedIwasn’ttheonlyonehidingmyweaknessesafternoticingtherestoftheteam’sapparentrelief.Formanyofus,authenticity,orbehavingasone’strueselfindailylife,isquitechallenging.Associalbeings,we’velearnedtoadaptandfitintoourenvironment,makingitchallengingtodisplaywhoweareattimes.Yet,theadvantageofauthenticityisevident,drivingitsrecentpopularityamongthoughtleaders.Authenticityevenimprovedmyhikingexperience—themomentmygroupadmittedtoourshortcomingswaswhenwestartedworkingbetterasateam.So,canbeingourselvesnotonlyhelpusworkbetter,buthelpthosewhoworkaroundus?Thetruthis,itcan.Researchershavefoundthatnotonlydidauthenticworkershavehigherworkengagementandlowerworktiredness,buttheirte