2024年淄博市高三一模英語高考模擬試卷試題（含答案詳解）

試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁淄博市2023-2024學年度高三模擬考試英語2024年3月第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AGoodeveningeveryone!Ihopetopickyourbrainonpotentialadvertisingstrategiesandgainingnewcustomersformyboyfriend’scarrepairshop.Hehasbeeninbusinessfor3yearsandisfairlysuccessful,butwearetryingtoincreasethenumberofchargeablehours.Whilehewasdoingrepairwork,Itookoveralltheadministrativeduties.Thefirstthingonmyto-dolistwastogethimonsocialmedia.Iwasflooredthathehadnosocialmediapresence,whichisnotsurprisingconsideringheisoldschool.Now,hehasabusinessFacebookpageandanInstagramaccount,althoughitmaynotbeworthmuchyet.Weareworkingonaweekly“feature”forbothplatformsinordertocreatesomeinterest.Hedoesn’twanttodocoupons(優(yōu)惠券)ordiscountsoranythinglikethat,andIunderstandwhy.Hislaborrateisalreadysignificantlylowerthananyoneelseinthearea,andhisoverallcostsareloweraswell.ThisiswhereIamabitlost——howcanweeffectivelyattractmorecustomerswithoutahook?Myguesswouldbefocusingonthevalue,butI’mnotsurehowwellthatwillworkout.Weareconsideringsendingpostcardsaswellsincehealreadycooperateswithafewlocalshopswhosendtheirlargejobstohimandsuch.However,IamunsureaboutFacebookmarketing,butdefinitelyopen.1．Whatwasscheduledfirsttopromotebusiness?A．Workingoutaweeklyfeature. B．Increasingchargeablehours.C．Establishinghispresenceonline. D．Visitinghisoldschool.2．Howmighttheyattractnewclients?A．Byraisinglaborrates. B．Byofferingdiscountsandcoupons.C．Bycuttingoverallcosts. D．Byhighlightingthevalueofservices.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toofferinformation. B．Toseekadvice.C．Toshowadvantages. D．Tofindcooperation.BTherewasnowaytoescapewhentheyspottedapolarbear.VerenaMohauptandahandfulofcolleaguesweretrappedonafloatingseaicewhilethebeargazedatthem,smellingtheair,adangeroussign.“That’swheneverythingkicksin,”Mohauptsays,“andyoufocusonwhat’simportant.”Asacolleaguefiredintotheskyasawarningshot,Mohauptradioedtheirresearchshipafewkilometresaway,whosehelicopterluckilyarrivedquicklyandMohauptdidn’thavetousethegunthatwashangingoverhershoulder.KeepingalookoutforbearswasaregulardutyforMohaupt,thelogisticscoordinator(后勤協(xié)調(diào)員)forayear-longmissionknownastheMOSAiC——thelargestArcticresearchexplorationinhistory.Theproject,consistingofroughly300scientists,ledbyscientistMarkusRex,hascollectedmassivemeasurementsthatwillhelpbetterforecasthowwarmingwilltransformtheglobeinthecomingdecades.Formonths,theexplorationoperatedinconstantdarknesswhilepolarbearswanderednearby,stormsrockedtheshipandtheiceshiftedandcracked.Then,whentheSunreturned,theicebegantomelt,creatingalife-threateningriskandanightmareforresearcherswhoneededtokeeptheirinstrumentsfromsinking.Taskedwiththesecurityofthemission,Mohauptdesignedanextensivetrainingcoursefortheparticipantsinwhichtheylearnthowtoavoidthedanger,likestorm-rockingandice-cracking.TheyjumpedintoaNorwegianchannelintheirsurvivalsuitsandclimbedoutofthefreezingwatersusingonlytheiricepicks.Theylearnthowtoescapefromacrashedhelicopter.Andtheydiscussedthepsychologicaleffectsofbeingfarfromhome.Mohauptbroughtknittingequipment,yogamatsandaviolinfortheirmentalhealth——althoughhavingbeenpreparedfortheisolation.Mohauptdidn’texpectacareerinpolarregions,butsaysshehasalwaysbeendrawntothenorth.“Shewastheretomakesurethatwewereprotected,”saysMarkusRex,“Mohauptiscertainlythechampioninthefield.”4．Whydoestheauthormentionapolarbearinthebeginning?A．Toshowthethreatofbears. B．Totellaninterestingstory.C．TointroduceMohaupt’sjob. D．Todescribethepolarscenery.5．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?A．Theworkingconditionsweretough. B．Mohaupthelpedtocollectmassivedata.C．Theexplorationwentonintotaldarkness. D．Mohaupt’sdutywastoprotectpolarbears.6．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMohaupt?A．Ambitiousandbrave. B．Passionateanddependent.C．Considerateandmodest. D．Professionalandresponsible.7．Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．APotentialDangerintheExploration. B．AGuardianAngelofPolarResearchers.C．AGreatScientificExplorationinHistory. D．AGreatFemaleScientistinPolarResearch.CChancesareyou’veheardthephrase“l(fā)ikeamothtoaflame”——andprobablyseenitinactionatanighttimefireorbarbecue,too.Itturnsout,however,thisage-oldsayingmaynotbequiteright.Ratherthanbeingattractedtolight,moths’tendencytoflytowardbrightnessisabehavioralresponsetohelpthemdeterminewhichwayisup,suggestsanewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications.Toavoidfallingdowntotheground,insectsneedtoknowwhichwayisup,saysstudycoauthorYashSondhi,aNationalGeographicExplorer.Withoutsystemstomaintainspatial(空間的)orientation,thebrightnessofthesky,evenatnight,hasalwaysbeenastrongindicatorof“up”——untilartificiallightscamealong.Iftheymessthatup,theystartplummeting.Sondhiandateamofresearcherssetupexperimentstoinvestigatehowdifferentlightsinfluenceflightbehavior.First,theresearcherssuspendedalightbulbfromaropebetweentwotrees——resemblingatypicaldownward-pointinglight——andinaseparatetest,theyturnedthelightupwardbymountingitonatripod(三腳架).Inbothcases,insectsleanedtheirwingedbackstothebulb.Butwhenthelightwaspointedup,theinsectsoftenbumpedtotheground.Whatifthelightisspreadoverawidearea?TheresearchersstretchedalargewhitesheetacrossthetreeandprojectedaUVlightonit.Iftheinsectsweretruly“attracted”tothelight,theyshouldflyuptowardit.Instead,theinsectscruised(巡航)straightthroughthisilluminatedcorridor,flyinghowtheywouldduringtheday.Theteamthenplacedthesheetonthegroundandshinedthelightonit,whichiswhensomethingtrulyoddhappened:Allthesemothsflyingoveritturnedupsidedownandcrashedoutofthesky.Directionalityoflightisahugefactorinthepatternwehaveseen,notjustbrightnessorcolor.“Artificiallightsmaycauseamismatchbetweentheinsect’ssenseofwhichwayisupandtruedirectionofgravity,whichspellstroubleforinsectspopulation.”saysSondhi.8．Whatcanbeinferredabout“l(fā)ikeamothtoaflame”inthenewstudy?A．Amothisgenerallyattractedbyaflame. B．Artificiallightsarevaluableforamoth.C．Brightnessindicatesupforamoth. D．Amothhasasenseofdirection.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plummeting”inparagraph2mean?A．Crashing. B．Speeding. C．Freezing. D．Suspending.10．Whatlightsinfluenceinsectsmostintheexperiments?A．UVlightsonthetree. B．Upward-pointinglights.C．Downward-pointinglights. D．Lightsofdifferentcolors.11．WhatisSondhi’sattitudetowardartificiallights?A．Concerned. B．Dismissive. C．Doubtful. D．Neutral.DWouldyouratherwatchanewmovie,oranoldfavorite?Wouldyourathertryadishyou’veneverhadatarestaurant,orstickwithsomethingyouknowyou’lllike?Researchersstudyingthe“mereexposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliaroverthenovel.Peopledidn’tneedtoexperiencearewardorpositiveoutcomewhilearoundtheobject—simplybeingexposedtotheobjectwouldbeenoughtomakepeoplelikeit.Totestthis,socialpsychologistRobertZajonchadparticipantsreadwordsinaforeignlanguageoutloudandvariedhowoftenparticipantsreadeachword(upto25repetitions).Next,afterreadingthewords,participantswereaskedtoguessatthemeaningofeachwordbyfillingoutaratingscale(indicatinghowpositiveornegativetheythoughtthemeaningofthewordwas).Hefoundthatparticipantslikedwordsthattheyhadsaidmoreoften,whilewordsthatparticipantshadn’treadatallwereratedmorenegatively,andwordsthathadbeenread25timeswereratedhighest.Justthemereexposuretothewordwasenoughtomakeparticipantslikeitmore.Oneplacewherethemereexposureeffectoccursisinadvertising.Itexplainswhyseeingthesameadvertisementmultipletimescouldbemoreconvincingthanjustseeingitonce.Ofcourse,there’sacautionhere:themereexposureeffectdoesn’thappenforthingsweinitiallydislike.Researchershavefoundthatourlikingforavarietyofthings(includingpictures,sounds,foods,andsmells)canbeincreasedwithrepeatedexposure,suggestingthatthemereexposureeffectisn’tlimitedtojustoneofoursenses.Additionally,researchershavefoundthatthemereexposureeffectoccursinstudieswithhumanresearchparticipantsaswellasinstudieswithnon-humananimals.Anotherkeyfindingfromthisanalysiswasthatparticipantseventuallystartedtolikeobjectslessaftermanyrepeatedexposures.Inotherwords,asmallernumberofrepeatedexposureswillmakeyoulikesomethingmore——but,iftherepeatedexposurescontinue,youcouldeventuallygettiredofit.12．WhatisthekeyfactorinRobertZajonc’stest?A．Frequency. B．Preference. C．Originality. D．Achievement.13．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofmere-exposureeffect?A．Wefavoranadvertisementatthefirstsight.B．Astudentjoinedintheclubbecauseoflove.C．Wearemoreconvincedofwhatwemetbefore.D．AstudentreadasmanyEnglishwordsaspossible.14．Whatcanwelearnabout“mereexposureeffect”accordingtoparagraph4?A．Itistheresultofadvertising. B．Ithasnothingtodowithanimals.C．Itistrueofwhatwedislikeatfirst. D．Itcanbeappliedtomultiplesenses.15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Morelovebecauseofmoreexposures. B．Thestudyonmereexposureeffect.C．Betterresultsfromtheearlierexposures. D．Theapplicationofmereexposureeffect.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThePowerofPeersDobirdsofafeatherreallyflocktogether?Peopledotendtochoosefriendswhoaresimilartothem.Manybehaviorsspreadsocially.Activitiesincertainbrainareaschangewhenotherpeoplearearound.16Youcanusethepowerofsocialrelationshipstogainhealthierhabits—andmotivateotherstodothesame.17Teensareespeciallyresponsivetopeerinfluence.Atthesametime,therewardsystemintheteenbrainbecomesextrasensitive.Teensarejustlearningtoexplorethesocialworld.Understandingotherpeople’svaluesandbeinginfluencedbythemareimportantpartsofsocializing.Aresearchshowsthatevenjusthavinganotherpeeraroundcanchangetherewardresponseinthebrainandalsotherisk-takingtendenciesofteenagers.Somepeopleseemtobemoreeasilyinfluencedthanothersandmoresensitivetofeelingincludedorexcludedbyothers.18Butit’salsoatimethatpeerinfluencecanhelpteensthriveifitgetsthemmoreinvolvedwiththeircommunityorhelpsthemlearnbehaviorstogetalongwithothers.It’sthequalityoffriendships—notquantity—thatreallymakesthedifference.Friendshipsyoufeelyouwanttoletgoofmaybelowquality.19

Highqualityfriendshipsprovideunderstanding,support,andrecognitionofyourself-worth.Thesetypesoffriendshipsaremoresteadyandsatisfying.Spendingtimewithfriendscanbeespeciallyhelpfulforpeople.Noticingthatourbehaviorisinfluencedbyotherpeople,wecanbeintentionalandtrytofocusonthepeoplewhoaredoingthethingswewanttogetintoourselves.20A．Adolescenceissuchariskyperiod.B．Thatcanaffectwhatyouchoosetodo.C．Peerpressurecansometimesleadtocompetition.D．Peoplecareaboutwhatothersthinkacrossalldifferentagegroups.E．Theyarelinkedtopooracademicperformanceandbehavioralissues.F．Sharingyourhealthyhabitscouldalsomakearealdifferencetoothers.G．Thenumberoffriendsyouhavedeterminesyourlevelofsocialinfluence.第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MatthewWeihmuller,ablindjazzinstructor,hasbeenteachingpeopleofdifferentabilitiesinTampafor10years.Hehas21performanceatusinghisdisabilityasateachingtool.Oneofhisteachingmethodsistotakeawayoneofthefive22,requiringperformerstoleanmoreheavilyonothers.“SomethingthatIdois23thelights.Theyhavetolistenand24theirinstrumentwiththeirfingersandhands.Inthisway,thestudents25thematerialbetterinthedark,”explainedWeihmuller.BeingblindhasneverstoppedWeihmullerfromseekinghis26formusic.Whenhestartedplaying,he27braille(布萊葉盲文)sheetmusic,andpieceswouldtakemonths,evenyearstolearn.28,fewprofessionalswerecapableofprovidingthismusicthen,sohe29to“braille”hisown,allthewaythroughcollege.Andhis30paidoff.Hisnotbeingabletoseeandreadtraditionalsheetsofmusichasallowedhimto31hisothersenses,whichisoneofthemain32he’ssotalentedatplayingjazzmusicandthe33thatcomeswithit.Asaneducatorwithblindness,Weihmuller34turninganydisadvantageintoanadvantage.Hehopesthathecan35otherstodealwiththeirbarriersandchallengesinthesamewaythathehas.Andwhentheyleavehisclassroomthey’renotonlybettermusiciansbutbetterpeople.21．A．independent B．outstanding C．entertaining D．ordinary22．A．skills B．chances C．responsibilities D．senses23．A．takeover B．putaway C．turnoff D．breakup24．A．feel B．search C．study D．perform25．A．enjoy B．realize C．recognize D．learn26．A．courage B．passion C．spirit D．concern27．A．a(chǎn)fforded B．recommended C．demanded D．presented28．A．Moreover B．Instead C．Meanwhile D．Otherwise29．A．happened B．refused C．failed D．managed30．A．services B．efforts C．promises D．beliefs31．A．refuse B．a(chǎn)bandon C．perfect D．complete32．A．reasons B．results C．functions D．purposes33．A．invention B．revolution C．introduction D．innovation34．A．regrets B．emphasizes C．ignores D．imagines35．A．a(chǎn)muse B．a(chǎn)llow C．inspire D．persuade第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。語法填空Associalmediahasskyrocketedinpopularityinthepastyears,36(it)lightning-fastdevelopmenthascausedpublicconcern.Overusingmayleadtomanyseriousproblems,suchasmentalhealthproblems,37(reduce)learningtimeandpoorinterpersonalquality.Moreandmorekidsofallagesareexperiencingunease,anxietyandevendepressionifthey’reseparatedfromtheirphones.YouTubeboasts(吹噓)many“funny”videosofkidslosingtheirtemperwhenscreens38(take)away.Soit’simportanttokeepabalancebetweenourlifeonthescreen39thatintherealworld.TryingtheseunpluggedDosmayhelp.First,setascheduletoputadults,teensandkidsbacktogetherwithfamily,friendsandneighbors40person.Youcantryboardgamesinsteadofvideogames.Second,getoutside41(regular)todohide-and-seek,plantagarden,orjustsitandwatchthebirds.42(build)ourrelationshipwithnatureincreasesourpeace,positivityandwell-being,43bringsmuchbenefit.Third,getoffthechairorsofatowalk,bike,stretchanddance!Remindyourbodyitcanmoveintoother44(position)besides“LookingatScreen”.Last,practicemindfulnessandacceptance.Mindfulnessistheactofpayingattentiontothepresentmoment,withoutjudgment.Acceptanceincreasespeacewithinus,unlikesocialmediainteraction,which45(promote)self-judgmentandother-judgment.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46．學校英語俱樂部正在舉辦線上論壇。本期主題是Einstein的名言“Trynottobecomeamanofsuccess,butrathertrytobecomeamanofvalue.”。請你用英語寫一篇短文參與網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖活動,內(nèi)容包括:1.解釋這句話的含義;2.給合事例談一下你的理解。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Beingapersonofvalue_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwastheseconddayIleftmylovelyhometownforthecitytolivewithmygrandfather,whowastakingmetothesupermarketforthefirsttime.“Iforgot.You’veneverseenasupermarketbefore,haveyou?”Ishookmyhead,indicatingindifferencetothesurroundings.“Imagineitlikethis,”Grandfathersaid,“Thisstore’sspeakingtoyou.Itistellingyousomeofthenewthingsthatyou’veneverlearned.”Ididnotunderstand.“Atradingpostinaremotetownonlyshowsyouasmallpartoftheworld.Thisstorespeaksofaworldthatisaverybigplace.”“SoIshouldjustforgetmyroots,isthatit?”Angryandupset,Iwasexpressingmyreluctancetolivehere.“Absolutelynot.Carryitwithyou,sothatyoumayfreelynavigateinbothworlds,bigandsmall.”Ignoringwordsfromhim,mygazefellonawomanselectingsomegreenapples.Ithoughtsowhatifit’sabigworld,butI’dratherpurchasewhateverinatradingpostfortheyonlystockedonetypeofapples,atleastallripe!Noticingtheexpressionsonmyface,Grandfatherchuckled.Hegracefullywalkedovertothetablewherethegreenappleswereandselectedhalfadozen.“You’llgetastomachacheifyouconsumegreenapples,”Isaid.Grandfatherappearedasthoughhewasgoingtolaughagain,buthedidn’t.Therewasnowordanymore.IfollowedhimwhileGrandfatherfilledthecartwithournecessities,encounteringnumerousnewitems.Iwasburningtoaskhimwhatthosestrangefoodswere,andwhattheirflavorsandoriginswere.However,IkeptitinmymindthatIwassupposedtobeboredanduninterestedinanything,thus,keepingsilentalltheway.Asweexitedthesupermarket,Grandfatherwassmilingasifheunderstoodsomeprivatejokes.Abouthalfwayback,hegesturedformetostop,bendingovertofindtheplasticbag.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Paragraph1:Hepickedoutagreenapple._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:WithhiswordsinmindIcouldn’thelptakingabite,too._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁1．C2．D3．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了作者的廣告策略和為男朋友的汽車修理店爭取新客戶所做出的努力，并向讀者就潛在的廣告策略和為男朋友的汽車修理店爭取新客戶尋求建議。1．推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Thefirstthingonmyto-dolistwastogethimonsocialmedia.

Iwasflooredthathehadnosocialmediapresence,whichisnotsurprisingconsideringheisoldschool.(我要做的第一件事就是讓他上社交媒體。我很驚訝他沒有社交媒體，考慮到他是一個守舊的人，這并不奇怪。)”和第四段“Now,hehasabusinessFacebookpageandanInstagramaccount,althoughitmaynotbeworthmuchyet.

Weareworkingonaweekly“feature”forbothplatformsinordertocreatesomeinterest.(現(xiàn)在，他有了一個商業(yè)Facebook頁面和一個Instagram賬戶，盡管它可能還不值錢。我們正在為這兩個平臺每周推出一個“特色”，以引起人們的興趣。)”可知，作者首先安排了在網(wǎng)上建立男朋友的形象來促進業(yè)務(wù)。故選C。2．細節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段中“ThisiswhereIamabitlost——howcanweeffectivelyattractmorecustomerswithoutahook?

Myguesswouldbefocusingonthevalue,butI’mnotsurehowwellthatwillworkout.(這是我有點困惑的地方——我們?nèi)绾卧跊]有鉤子的情況下有效地吸引更多客戶?我的猜測是關(guān)注價值，但我不確定這能有多好。)”可知，他們通過強調(diào)服務(wù)的價值吸引新客戶。故選D。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Ihopetopickyourbrainonpotentialadvertisingstrategiesandgainingnewcustomersformyboyfriend’scarrepairshop.(我希望就潛在的廣告策略和為我男朋友的汽車修理店爭取新客戶向你請教。)”可知，這篇文章的目的是尋求建議。故選B。4．C5．A6．D7．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了一名負責歷史上最大的北極研究探險隊安全任務(wù)的后勤協(xié)調(diào)員VerenaMohaupt。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“KeepingalookoutforbearswasaregulardutyforMohaupt,thelogisticscoordinator(后勤協(xié)調(diào)員)forayear-longmissionknownastheMOSAiC——thelargestArcticresearchexplorationinhistory.”（Mohaupt是一名后勤協(xié)調(diào)員，負責為期一年的MOSAiC任務(wù)，這是歷史上最大的北極研究探險。），并結(jié)合前兩段對遇到北極熊時，Mohaupt應(yīng)對方式的描述可知，作者在開頭提到北極熊，是為了介紹Mohaupt的工作內(nèi)容。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Formonths,theexplorationoperatedinconstantdarknesswhilepolarbearswanderednearby,stormsrockedtheshipandtheiceshiftedandcracked.Then,whentheSunreturned,theicebegantomelt,creatingalife-threateningriskandanightmareforresearcherswhoneededtokeeptheirinstrumentsfromsinking.”（幾個月來，探險一直在黑暗中進行，北極熊在附近游蕩，風暴搖晃著船，冰在移動和破裂。然后，當太陽返回時，冰開始融化，對需要防止儀器下沉的研究人員來說，這是一場危及生命的危險和噩夢。）可知，探險工作的條件非常惡劣。故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Taskedwiththesecurityofthemission,Mohauptdesignedanextensivetrainingcoursefortheparticipantsinwhichtheylearnthowtoavoidthedanger,likestorm-rockingandice-cracking.”（為了確保任務(wù)的安全，Mohaupt為參與者設(shè)計了一個廣泛的培訓(xùn)課程，讓他們學習如何避免危險，比如風暴搖晃和冰裂。）和“Theylearnthowtoescapefromacrashedhelicopter.Andtheydiscussedthepsychologicaleffectsofbeingfarfromhome.Mohauptbroughtknittingequipment,yogamatsandaviolinfortheirmentalhealth——althoughhavingbeenpreparedfortheisolation.”（他們學會了如何從墜毀的直升機中逃生。他們還討論了遠離家鄉(xiāng)的心理影響。Mohaupt帶來了編織設(shè)備、瑜伽墊和一把小提琴，以幫助他們的人保持心理健康——盡管他們已經(jīng)為隔離做好了準備。）可知，Mohaupt有著過硬的專業(yè)知識和技能，對工作認真負責。故選D。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段““Shewastheretomakesurethatwewereprotected,”saysMarkusRex,“Mohauptiscertainlythechampioninthefield.””（“她在那里確保我們受到保護，”MarkusRex說，“Mohaupt無疑是這個領(lǐng)域的冠軍?！保┖腿膬?nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了Mohaupt這名負責歷史上最大的北極研究探險隊安全任務(wù)的優(yōu)秀的后勤協(xié)調(diào)員，她是保護北極探險隊成員的天使。故選B。8．C9．A10．B11．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項科學研究表明蛾類向明亮方向飛行的傾向不是被光吸引，而是一種行為反應(yīng)，幫助它們確定向上的方向。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Ratherthanbeingattractedtolight,moths’tendencytoflytowardbrightnessisabehavioralresponsetohelpthemdeterminewhichwayisup,suggestsanewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications.(發(fā)表在《自然通訊》雜志上的一項新研究表明，蛾類向明亮方向飛行的傾向不是被光吸引，而是一種行為反應(yīng)，幫助它們確定向上的方向)”以及第二段的“Toavoidfallingdowntotheground,insectsneedtoknowwhichwayisup,saysstudycoauthorYashSondhi,aNationalGeographicExplorer.(該研究的合著者、國家地理探險家YashSondhi說，為了避免摔倒在地，昆蟲需要知道哪條路是向上的)”可知，昆蟲需要知道哪條路是向上的，而光能夠幫助它們確定向上的方向。由此可推知，在新的研究中，“飛蛾撲火”意味著光能夠暗示飛蛾向上飛。故選C。9．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“Withoutsystemstomaintainspatial(空間的)orientation,thebrightnessofthesky,evenatnight,hasalwaysbeenastrongindicatorof“up”——untilartificiallightscamealong.(沒有系統(tǒng)來維持空間方向，即使在晚上，天空的亮度也一直是“向上”的強烈指示——直到人造燈出現(xiàn))”可知，飛蛾不能辨別方向，天空的亮度一直指示著它向上飛行。人造燈的出現(xiàn)讓他們出現(xiàn)了混亂，所以看到燈光，他們就會撞上去。所以劃線單詞的意思為“碰撞”。故選A。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“First,theresearcherssuspendedalightbulbfromaropebetweentwotrees——resemblingatypicaldownward-pointinglight——andinaseparatetest,theyturnedthelightupwardbymountingitonatripod(三腳架).Inbothcases,insectsleanedtheirwingedbackstothebulb.Butwhenthelightwaspointedup,theinsectsoftenbumpedtotheground.(首先，研究人員將一個燈泡懸掛在兩棵樹之間的繩子上——類似于典型的向下指向的燈——在另一項測試中，他們將燈泡安裝在三腳架上，將其向上轉(zhuǎn)動。在這兩種情況下，昆蟲都把它們的翅膀背靠在球莖上。但當光線指向上方時，昆蟲經(jīng)常會撞到地上)”可知，向上指示的光線最能影響昆蟲。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后第一段““Artificiallightsmaycauseamismatchbetweentheinsect’ssenseofwhichwayisupandtruedirectionofgravity,whichspellstroubleforinsectspopulation.”saysSondhi.(“人造光可能會導(dǎo)致昆蟲對向上方向和真實重力方向的感覺不匹配，這給昆蟲種群帶來了麻煩?！盨ondhi說)”可推知，Sondhi對人造光對昆蟲的影響是擔心的。故選A。12．A13．C14．D15．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了曝光效應(yīng)，即一種我們會偏好自己熟悉的事物心理現(xiàn)象。本文闡述了曝光效應(yīng)的提出，應(yīng)用以及原理。12．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Totestthis,socialpsychologistRobertZajonchadparticipantsreadwordsinaforeignlanguageoutloudandvariedhowoftenparticipantsreadeachword(upto25repetitions).(為了驗證這一點，社會心理學家RobertZajonc讓參與者大聲朗讀一門外語中的單詞，并改變參與者閱讀每個單詞的頻率（最多重復(fù)25次）)。”可知，RobertZajonc測試的關(guān)鍵因素是頻率。故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchersstudyingthe“mereexposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliaroverthenovel.(研究“曝光效應(yīng)”的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們往往更喜歡熟悉的東西，而不是新奇的東西。)”可知，C選項“我們更相信以前遇見的”是曝光效應(yīng)的例子。故選C。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Researchershavefoundthatourlikingforavarietyofthings(includingpictures,sounds,foods,andsmells)canbeincreasedwithrepeatedexposure,suggestingthatthemereexposureeffectisn’tlimitedtojustoneofoursenses.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們對各種事物（包括圖片、聲音、食物和氣味）的喜愛程度可以通過反復(fù)接觸而增強，這表明重復(fù)接觸效應(yīng)并不局限于我們的一種感官。)”可知，“曝光效應(yīng)”可以應(yīng)用于多種感官。故選D。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Wouldyouratherwatchanewmovie,oranoldfavorite?Wouldyourathertryadishyou’veneverhadatarestaurant,orstickwithsomethingyouknowyou’lllike?Researchersstudyingthe“mereexposureeffect”havefoundthatweoftenpreferthefamiliaroverthenovel.(你想看一部新電影，還是老電影？你是寧愿嘗試你從未在餐館吃過的菜肴，還是堅持吃你知道你會喜歡的東西？研究“曝光效應(yīng)”的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們往往更喜歡熟悉的東西，而不是新奇的東西。)”結(jié)合本文介紹了曝光效應(yīng)，即一種我們會偏好自己熟悉的事物心理現(xiàn)象。本文闡述了曝光效應(yīng)的提出，應(yīng)用以及原理。可知，這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是曝光效應(yīng)的研究。故選B。16．B17．D18．A19．E20．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了同齡人的力量，青少年可以利用這種社會關(guān)系的力量來養(yǎng)成更健康的習慣。16．上文“Peopledotendtochoosefriendswhoaresimilartothem.(人們確實傾向于選擇與自己相似的朋友)”和“Activitiesincertainbrainareaschangewhenotherpeoplearearound.(當其他人在身邊時，某些大腦區(qū)域的活動會發(fā)生變化)”講志趣相投的朋友在身邊，你的某些大腦區(qū)域的活動會發(fā)生變化，該空應(yīng)該承接上文講發(fā)生變化后會產(chǎn)生什么樣的結(jié)果，才能引出下文“Youcanusethepowerofsocialrelationshipstogainhealthierhabits—andmotivateotherstodothesame.(你可以利用社會關(guān)系的力量來養(yǎng)成更健康的習慣，并激勵他人也這樣做)”講人們可以選擇利用此類社會關(guān)系的力量改變自己、于自己有益，B選項“這會影響你的選擇。”切合語境。故選B項。17．由下文“Teensareespeciallyresponsivetopeerinfluence.(青少年對同伴的影響特別敏感)”和常識可知，人敏感是因為在意別人的看法，結(jié)合下文出現(xiàn)了“青少年”，該空應(yīng)該引出各年齡階段都會有因在意別人看法而變得敏感的人的內(nèi)容，D選項“不同年齡段的人都關(guān)心別人的想法。”切合語境。故選D項。18．由上文“Aresearchshowsthatevenjusthavinganotherpeeraroundcanchangetherewardresponseinthebrainandalsotherisk-takingtendenciesofteenagers.Somepeopleseemtobemoreeasilyinfluencedthanothersandmoresensitivetofeelingincludedorexcludedbyothers.(一項研究表明，即使身邊有另一個同伴，也會改變大腦中的獎勵反應(yīng)，以及青少年的冒險傾向。有些人似乎比其他人更容易受到影響，對被他人包容或排斥的感覺更敏感)”可知，青少年有冒險傾向，易受影響，對被他人包容或排斥的感覺更敏感，這都是在講青少年時期不好的地方，A選項“青春期是一個非常危險的時期?！鼻泻险Z境，與下文“Butit’salsoatimethatpeerinfluencecanhelpteensthriveifitgetsthemmoreinvolvedwi