2023北京清華附中高三三模英語(yǔ)（教師版）

2023北京清華附中高三三模英語(yǔ)第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1．（15分）WhenIwasinthirdgrade，myfamilymovedfromahouseinthecountrysidetoahouseintown.Myparentssoldthefirsthousebeforetheyboughtthesecond，sowewere（1）forthreemonths.Duringthattime，afamilyfriend（2）ustheirverysmallfishingcabin.Thecabinhadonebedroom，asmalllivingroom，a（3）kitchen，andaloungewheremybrotherandIsleptinabunkbed（雙層床鋪）.Itwasa（n）（4）timeformyparents.Allofourroutinesweredisrupting.ButIlovedit.Ilovedthebunkbed，whereIknewmybrotherwasrightaboveme，closeenoughformeto（5）andgrabifneedbe.Ilovedthattherewerenoother（6）anywherenearby，somybrotherhadtoplaywithme.IlovedthatasIwenttosleepatnight，thelightfromthelivingroomandthe（7）ofmyfatherwatchingTVwerejustafewfeetaway.Inthatperiodofdisruption，Ilovedtheclosenessthatwerelieduponoursmallcabin.Inournormallives，Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskmybrothertoplaywithmeinsteadofhisfriends.Icouldn'thave（8）toshareabedroomwithhim.（9），myparentsfoundanewhouseandwemovedintoit.Itwasbiggerthanouroldhouseandmuchbiggerthanthecabin.ButImournedthelossofthecabinand，particularly，thelossofthe（10）.（1）A.houselessB.joblessC.helplessD.speechless（2）A.awardedB.showedC.returnedD.offered（3）A.spaciousB.narrowC.qualityD.unique（4）A.emergentB.happyC.stressfulD.relaxing（5）A.settledownB.reachupC.benddownD.showup（6）A.relativesB.playersC.classmatesD.neighbours（7）A.voiceB.memoryC.soundD.argument（8）A.requestedB.decidedC.refusedD.troubled（9）A.NaturallyB.EventuallyC.InitiallyD.Urgently（10）A.closenessB.brotherhoodC.friendshipD.transformation第二節(jié)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作答。2．（15分）ANotlongago，mydaughter'sshoes（1）（damage）withaknife.Sheburstintotears.Itookthemtotheshoemaker's.Themansaidhewouldaddmorescratchesonbothshoesasiftheopeningsweremadeonpurposeforaspecialstyle.Ididn'tfullyunderstandhim，butIdecidedtoleavetheshoes.TwodayslaterIdroppedbyfromwork（2）（collect）theshoes.Ifoundmorescratchesoneachshoe，butalltheopeningswerepatchedbyredleatherandthestitchesweretwisted.Theappearancelooked（3）（interesting）thanever.BTheAfricanpenguinisexpectedtogoextinctinthewildinjustoveradecade，givenitscurrentpopulationdecline.Themainreasonisalackoffoodcausedbydisturbancetooceanconditionsfromglobalheatingand（4）（compete）fromthecommercialfishingindustry.Accordingtoastudy，recentlyscientists（5）（identify）apossibleadditionalcause，onethatisanentirelynewthreatandthatfurther（6）（prevent）thepenguinsfromfindingfood：noisepollutionfrommarineshipsinabay.CCryingisanaturalresponsetoemotions.Regardlessof（7）causesthetearstoflow，thephysicalreactionisusuallythesamewithpuffycheeksandtighteyes（8）（lead）tostreamingtearsdownone'sface.Despiteitsstigma（污名），cryingcanbeanact（9）relievestensionandclearsfeelingsofnegativityandsadness.Cryingcancommunicateouremotionstoothersandfostergreaterunderstandingandcompassion.Ultimately，cryingisapowerfultoolweoughttousetofreeourselves（10）negativity.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。3．（6分）Spendsixnightsworkingwithrangers（護(hù)林員）whilehelpingtopreserveYosemiteNationalPark!Yosemiteisoneoftheworld'smostbelovednationalparks.AsvolunteersinYosemiteValley，wehelprangersfixtrailsandrepairfragilenaturalresources.Nopreviousexperiencenecessary，ourleadersprovidethetrainingweneedtocompletetheworkathand.ActivitiesVolunteersshouldbecomfortablehikinguptotwomileseachday.Toassessyourfitness，youarerequiredtohikestairsfor2﹣3mileswithadaypackweighing10﹣15poundsatthefitnesstest.What'sIncludedAllmealsfromdinneronDay1throughbreakfastonDay7；campgroundreservations；grouptools；transportationfromcampgroundtoworksites；orientationandtraining；parkentrancefees.AccommodationsCamping，6nights（bringyourowntent）.YourAdventureItinerary（日程）Day1Meetfororientationandenjoyawelcomedinner.Anorientationmeetingwillbeconductedtoprovidevolunteerswithanoverviewofthescheduledworkprojectsaswellastraininginpropertooluseandsafety.Days2﹣5Workingwithparkrangers，assistintrailmaintenanceandrestoration.Duringthesethreedays，weplantoworkfrom9a.m.﹣4p.m.withanhourscheduledforlunch.WereturntoYellowPinesCampgroundeacheveningfordinnerandrelaxation.Day6ExploreYosemiteNationalParkonyourmuchdeservedrestday.ChallengeyourselfonahikeuptheMistTrail，relaxbytheMercedRiver，orreadabookinapeacefulmeadow—thisdayisallyours.Day7DepartYosemiteforhome.Volunteerswishingtostaylongermaymakereservationsatothercampgroundsorlodginginthepark.（1）IntheYosemiteVolunteerProject，volunteersaresupposedto.A.replacetherangersB.helptouristscarrydaypacksC.haverelevantworkingexperienceD.restoreeasilydamagednaturalresources（2）Whatisincludedinthevolunteerprogrampackage？A.Personalcampingequipment.B.Transportationfromhometoworksites.C.Allmealsandaccommodationinahotel.D.Campgroundbookingsandparkadmissionfees.（3）Whatistherecommendedactivityduringtherestdayoftheproject？A.Relaxingbyariver.B.Guidingareadingactivity.C.Participatinginaguidedhike.D.Assistingatanorientationmeeting.4．（8分）Thestudentarrivedearly，satfrontandcenter，andstoodoutinmyclassroominmorewaysthanone.I'dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions，withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.Andhewasalwaysrespectfuloftheotherstudents'perspectives，asifeachofthemwereateacher.JerryValenciawalkedinwithasmile—andheleftwithonetoo."ThesestudentsgavemetheconfidencethatIdidn'tneedtofeelbadaboutmyage，"Valenciasays.Oneday，IspottedValenciaoncampus.Hesaidhewouldhavetostoptakingclassesthatsemesterandreapplyfornextyear.Bythen，hehopedtohaveearnedenoughmoneyandhavehisstudent﹣loanpapersinorder.Heaskedseriouslywhetherhecouldstillsitinonmycommunicationsclass.Sure，Isaid.Buthewouldn'tgetanycredit.Noproblem，hesaid.Soontherehewasagain，backathisolddesk，jumpingintoourdiscussionsonhowtofindandtellstoriesinLosAngeles—a63﹣year﹣oldmanwithasmuchenergyandcuriosityasanyoftheyoungstersinclass.AlotofValencia'sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn'taffordthatsemester'stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework."Hereheis，willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning，"saysJessicaEspinosa，a25﹣year﹣oldjunior.Afterward，IoverheardValenciawantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster'sdegree，butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege，sohehadalongwaytogo.ThereissomethingsplendidlyunreasonableaboutValencia'sdeterminationtogetafour﹣yeardegreeandthenamaster's.Athiscurrentpace，he'llbe90whenhefinallyhangsallthatpaperonthewall.Butthatdoesn'tseemespeciallyrelevant.He'sfoundalltheyouthfulenergyandacademicopportunitystimulating.Valencia'sgradeinmyclassthissemesterwillnotshowuponhistranscripts（成績(jī)單）.ButI'mgivinghimanA—andinthemostimportantways，itcounts.（1）WhatmadeValenciadifferentfromhisclassmates？A.Hewasrespectfultotheteacher.B.Heactivatedtheclassatmosphere.C.Hewaseagertolearndespitehisage.D.Heoftenputforwarddifferentopinions.（2）Accordingtotheauthor，whydidValenciacontinuetoattendclasses？A.Hetreasuredthechanceoflearning.B.Hewishedtoshowhisdetermination.C.Heneededthecreditstofurtherhisstudy.D.HedesiredtohaveanAonhistranscripts.（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesValencia？A.Modestandindependent.B.Energeticandgenerous.C.Enthusiasticandmotivated.D.Considerateandintelligent.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Nopains，nogains.B.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Striketheironwhileitishot.D.Wherethereislife，thereishope.5．（6分）Aheavyfeelingonthechest.Athroatthat'sleaden.Anoverwhelmingfeelingofisolation.Lonelinesshurts—and，overtime，itcanputthebodyintoastatethatincreasesourriskofeverythingfromheartattackandstroketodiabetesandcancer.So，evolutionarilyspeaking，whydoweexperienceit？StephanieCacioppo，aneuroscientistattheUniversityofChicagoPritzkerSchoolofMedicine，saysthatcountlessstudieshavehelpedresearchersformulateaholistic（全面的）purposeforloneliness."Oursocialstructuresevolvedhandinhandwithneural，hormonalandgeneticmechanismstosupportthesesocialstructures—likecouples，tribesandcommunities—thathelpussurviveandreproduce，"saysCacioppo.Becausewhilelonelinessmaybepainfultoexperiencetoday，forourprehistoricancestorsthatpainwouldhavebeenafarbetteralternativetobeingcaughtalonewithapredatorontheprowl（潛行）.Beingsocialhaditsdownsidesevenbackthen—competitionforfood，forexample，orcontributiontothespreadofpathogens（病原體）.Butscientiststhinkweevolvedtofeellonelinessbecauseitwasmoreimportanttoworkwithoneanothertoaccomplishtasksandtoprotecteveryone."Thepainoflonelinesspromptedustorenewthesocialstructuresowecouldsurviveandpromotekeyfeaturesliketrust，cooperationandcollectiveaction，"explainsCacioppo.Foryears，researchersthoughtoflonelinessasadisease.Butnow，they'rerealizingthatit'smoreofabiologicalhungersignalthatremindsuswhenit'stimetoreconnectwiththosearoundustopromoteourshort﹣termsurvival.Iftheoutcomesoflonelinesswereentirelynegative，itwouldnolongerbeapartofourDNA."Hungerandthirstprotectourphysicalbodywhilelonelinessprotectsoursocialbody，"saysCacioppo.Lonelinessimpactsusalldifferently.Someofusmayfindcertainsituationslonelyevenwhileothersdon't.There'salsoageneticcomponent：Someofusareborntofeellonelierthanothers.Otherfactorsplayarole，too.Thewayweweretreatedaschildrencanalsoinformhowlonelywefeelasadults.Lonelypeoplespendmostoftheirtimedeepwithintheirownimaginations；theymayconceptualizesocialencounterssomuch，infact，thatthispartoftheirbrainisinoverdrive.Thatmeanseventhoughtheymaybedesperatetoformconnections，whenthey'rearoundotherpeople，they'reactuallylesslikelytobepresent.（1）Asforloneliness，whichwouldtheauthoragreewith？A.Itcanleadtoseriousmentalproblemsinadulthood.B.Itholdspotentialrisksanddisadvantagestoindividuals.C.Itmayreflectaperson'sstrongdesiretohavesocialbonds.D.ItisperceivedinthesamewayasitisdemonstratedbyourDNA.（2）Scientistsbelievethatlonelinessis.A.beneficialbutriskyB.painfulbutnecessaryC.naturalandpowerfulD.personalandharmful（3）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.Humansevolvedtobelonely.B.Lonelinessisacurabledisease.C.Lonelinessisapersonalfeeling.D.Humansneedtoaddressloneliness.6．（8分）Avideocirculatedonsocialmediaearlierthisyear，showingatouristopeningthedoorofavehicle，reachingoutanarmandattemptingtostrokeapassinglioness.Thelionessshruggedhimoff，butitcouldhaveeasilygonehorriblywrong.Recklessbehaviouraroundwildliferisksthesafetyofbothpeopleandanimals.Peopleriskbeingattacked，mauled（撕咬）andpossiblykilled，whileanimalscanbeharmed，removedorputdown，irrespectiveofwhethertheywereonlydefendingthemselves.Animalattackscanalsocastadestinationinanegativelight，causingtemporaryclosuresorscaringoffvisitors.Alljustsosomeonecouldboastthattheyhadstrokedalionorcapturedamomentonacameraphone."Touristsaregettingmoreandmorerecklessaroundwildlifeandthesourceoftheproblemissocialmedia."sayswildlifephotographerAnetteMosshachers."Peopleriskingtheirlivesordoingstupidthingswithwildlifeareafter'likes'andfollowers，somethingtoshowoffonsocialmedia，"saysMossbacher."Thegreatertherisk，themore'likes'theyget.Withsomeclients，itseemslikeasicknessoraddiction."Yetsocialmediaisnotentirelytoblame.Peoplehavealwaystakenrisksforanexperience.Foolishbehaviorandatendencytogetcockyarounddangerousanimalsmusthavebeenaroundsincethedawnofhumanity.Ahungerforattentiononlinemightdrivesomeofthecurrentmadness，butsomeindividualsmightbetryingtorecreateapieceoftheactiontheyhaveseenontelevision.Perhapstheadrenaline（腎上腺激素）rushwhenclosetowildanimalscausesanevaporationofcommonsense."There'saworryinglackofawarenessthatanimalsseveraltimesoursize，weight，speedandstrengthcaneasilyhurtus，"sayswildlifephotographerDavidLloyd."Idon'tthinkparksaredoingenoughtoraiseawareness.Touristsneedtoknowhowtheirpresencecanaffectwildlife.Agoodexampleischeetahs（獵豹）onvehiclerooftops.Itmaybeathrillforthebystanders，buttheconsequencesifamothercheetahfallsoffwouldbesevere.Shewouldnolongerbeabletohunt，sohercubscouldeasilystarve.""Peoplearen'tgettingtheeducationaboutwhytheyneedtostayawayfromwildlife，includingavoidingdiseases，keepingpeoplesecureandlettingwildlifebewild，"saysPhilipMuruthi，vicepresidentofspeciesconservationandsciencefortheAfricanWildlifeFoundation."Weneedtoeducatetouriststhroughsigns，pamphletsandfrontlinedrivers.Weshouldsticktoguidelines，andthereneedstobeenforcementthroughthelaw."（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutrecklessbehaviouraroundwildlife？A.Itharmstouristsmorethananimals.B.Itenablestouriststogetintimatewithanimals.C.Itmaybringmoreprofitstoatouristdestination.D.Itmaygetanimalskilledfordefendingthemselves.（2）AsforMossbacher'sopiniononwhatdrivespeople'srecklessbehavior，theauthoris.A.sympatheticB.disapprovingC.doubtfulD.indifferent（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cocky"inParagraph4probablymean？A.Selfish.B.Frightened.C.Arrogant.D.Shocked.（4）Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage？A.Parksareexpectedtotakemoreresponsibilitiesforeducatingtourists.B.Raisingtourists'awarenessmeansstressingthedangerofanimalstothem.C.Moreregulationofthetouristindustryisthekeytoraisingtourists'awareness.D.Penaltiesratherthaneducationcanstoppeopletakingsillyrisksaroundwildlife.第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。7．（10分）Howdoesitfeelwhenyousolveyourproblembyyourself？Thingsmaynotalwaysgoasplanned.（1）Beingresourcefulmeansfindingsmartandcreativewaystosolveaproblem，usingwhateverresourcesyouhaveatthetime.（2）Theycanalsobeanythingelsethat'suseful，suchasinformation，adviceoryourownexperience.Italsomeanstrustingyourinstincts，theabilityyou'rebornwith，ratherthanthroughtrainingandbeingconfidentaboutyourabilitytofacechallenges.Aresourcefulpersonisnottheonegettingcrossorpanickingwhensomethinggoeswrong.They'rethinkingabouthowtosolvetheproblem.（3）Whenwelearntosolveproblemsforourselvesratherthanimmediatelygoingtoothersforhelp，itcanhelptobuildourconfidence，helpusfeelmoreindependent，andfeelbetteraboutmakingdecisions.Beingresourcefulmaynothelpyouavoidproblems，butthinkingcreativelyabouthowyoucandealwiththemwillmakeyoufeellessstressedandmorepreparednexttime.（4）Thiscanboostself﹣esteem，thatis，howyoufeelaboutyourself.Whenyou'refacingachallenge，trytofocusontheactualproblemratherthanhowyoufeelaboutit.Thinkaboutwhereandwhenithappenedandwhatthecausesare.Next，thinkupasmanysolutionstotheproblemasyoucan.（5）Finally，reviewwhathasandhasn'tworked，soyou'reequippedtodealwithasituationnexttime.Andremember，nooneisexpectedtosolveallproblemsbythemselves.Ifyouhaveatrickyproblemthatyou'reunabletosolve，thenaskatrustedadultforhelp.A.Youalsolearnwhatyou'regoodat.B.Hereishowyoucanbemoreresourceful.C.Theycanbepracticalthingslikepensandpaper.D.Resourcefulnessisaskillthat'sgoodforyouinlotsofways.E.Thesemaybefamousmottosthatalwaysinspireustomoveon.F.Weighupwhat'sgoodandbadabouteachoneandchoosethebest.G.Butbeingresourcefulcanhelpyoustaycalmanddealwithtrickysituations.第三部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共1小題；共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作答。8．（12分）Foryears，psychologistshaveknownhowtomeasuretheintelligenceofindividuals，butonlyrecentlyhavetheybeguntoinvestigatetheissueofgroupintelligence.Thisnotionstemsfromtheobservationthatsomegroupsseemtoworkfantasticallyacrosstasks，eventasksthatarenotverysimilar.Earlyinvestigationssuggestthatgroupintelligenceisnotthesumoftheintelligenceoftheindividualsinit.Sowhatisthesecrettotheirsuccess？ResearchersatGooglehavetackledthisquestion.Theycollectedthousandsofdatapointsonhundredsofgroupsandcombedthroughthemtryingtofindpatterns.Arethemembersofeffectivegroupsfriendsoutsideofwork？Dogroupswhosemembershavesimilarpersonalitiesorbackgroundsworktogetherbest？Theyputforwardmanytheoriesbutfoundnopatternstosupportthem.Infact，whowasinthegroupapparentlydidnotseemtomakeadifference；instead，thedifferencebetweenmoreandlesseffectivegroupsseemedtolieintheinteractionamongthemembers.Ineffectivegroups，membersspokeforaroughlyequalamountoftime—notateverymeetingorinteraction，butacrossthecourseofaproject.Additionally，ineffectivegroups，membersfaceoneanotherdirectlywhentheyspeak，usingenergeticandenthusiasticgestures.Moreover，sideconversationsbetweenindividualmembersduringmeetings.farfrombeingadistraction，actuallyincreasedthegroup'sproductivity.Thepositivebehaviorsuncoveredinthestudyoccurexclusivelyinface﹣to﹣faceinteraction.Onemightarguethatmostofthesefindingsareextremelyobvious，andneedlesstosay，goodmanagershaveprobablyalwaysunderstoodtheprinciples.However，understandinggroupintelligencecanhelpbusinessandotherorganizationsmakethefundamentalchangesnecessarytoimprovegroupperformance.Thereasonisthatoursocialandprofessionallivesarenotalwaysstructuredinwaysthatfacilitatethekindofinteractionthatapparentlyunderlineseffectivegroupperformance.（1）Whatisthefindingofpreviousstudiesongroupintelligence？（2）Whyisitimportantforpeopletounderstandgroupintelligence？（3）Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.Althoughsideconversationsdistractmembersduringmeetings，theycanhelptoboostthegroup'sefficiency.（4）Apartfromwhatismentionedinthepassage，whatotherway（s）canweusetoimprovegroupintelligence？（Inabout40words）第二節(jié)（20分）9．（20分）假如你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。上周末你班到光明農(nóng)場(chǎng)參加了公益勞動(dòng)。你的英國(guó)朋友Jim想了解相關(guān)情況，請(qǐng)你給他寫封郵件分享此活動(dòng)，內(nèi)容包括：（1）活動(dòng)目的和活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；（2）活動(dòng)反響和收獲。注意：（1）詞數(shù)100左右；（2）開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。提示詞：公益勞動(dòng)voluntarylabourDearJim，Yours，LiHua

參考答案第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1．【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在沒有房子住的時(shí)候家庭關(guān)系發(fā)生的變化?！窘獯稹浚?）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.houseless沒有房子的；B.jobless沒有工作的；C.helpless無助的；D.speechless無語(yǔ)的。根據(jù)上句Myparentssoldthefirsthousebeforetheyboughtthesecond可知我父母在買第二套房子之前賣掉了第一套房子，所以我們有三個(gè)月沒有房子住。故答案為A。（2）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.awarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.showed展示；C.returned回來；D.offered提供。根據(jù)下句Thecabinhadonebedroom，asmalllivingroom，a（3）kitchen，andaloungewheremybrotherandIsleptinabunkbed（雙層床鋪）.可知小屋有一個(gè)臥室，一個(gè)小客廳，一個(gè)狹窄的廚房，還有一個(gè)休息室，我和弟弟睡在那里的一個(gè)雙層床上。說明在那段時(shí)間，一個(gè)家庭朋友給我們提供了他們非常小的釣魚小屋。故答案為D。（3）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.spacious寬敞的；B.narrow狹窄的；C.quality質(zhì)量；D.unique獨(dú)特的。根據(jù)上句Duringthattime，afamilyfriend（2）ustheirverysmallfishingcabin.可知在那段時(shí)間，一個(gè)家庭朋友給我們提供了他們非常小的釣魚小屋。說明廚房非常狹窄。故答案為B。（4）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.emergent緊急的；B.happy高興的；C.stressful有壓力的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根據(jù)下句Allofourroutinesweredisrupting.可知我們所有的日?；顒?dòng)都被打亂了。說明對(duì)我父母來說，那是一段壓力很大的時(shí)期。故答案為C。（5）考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.settledown定居下來；B.reachup伸手夠；C.benddown彎腰；D.showup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上句Ilovedthebunkbed，whereIknewmybrotherwasrightaboveme可知我喜歡上下鋪，我知道我哥哥就在我上面，離我很近，如果需要的話，我可以伸手去抓。故答案為B。（6）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.relatives親戚；B.players運(yùn)動(dòng)員；C.classmates同學(xué)；D.neighbours鄰居。根據(jù)常識(shí)和空后anywherenearby，somybrotherhadtoplaywithme.可知我喜歡附近沒有其他鄰居，所以我哥哥只能和我一起玩。故答案為D。（7）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.voice嗓音；B.memory記憶；C.sound聲音；D.argument爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)空后ofmyfatherwatchingTVwerejustafewfeetaway.可知我喜歡晚上睡覺時(shí)，客廳的燈光和父親看電視的聲音就在幾英尺之外。故答案為C。（8）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.requested要求；B.decided決定；C.refused拒絕；D.troubled惹麻煩。根據(jù)上句Inournormallives，Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskmybrothertoplaywithmeinsteadofhisfriends.可知在我們平時(shí)的生活中，我是不敢讓我哥哥和我一起玩，而不是和他的朋友玩。說明我不可能要求和他共用一間臥室。故答案為A。（9）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Naturally自然地；B.Eventually最后；C.Initially最初地；D.Urgently緊急地。根據(jù)下句myparentsfoundanewhouseandwemovedintoit.可知最后，我父母找到了一所新房子，我們搬進(jìn)去了。故答案為B。（10）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.closeness親密關(guān)系；B.brotherhood兄弟情誼；C.friendship友誼；D.transformation轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)前文Inthatperiodofdisruption，Ilovedtheclosenessthatwerelieduponoursmallcabin可知在那段混亂的日子里，我喜歡我們依賴小木屋的那種親密感。說明我為失去小屋，尤其是失去親密感而悲傷。故答案為A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】完形填空題的解題步驟：1.通讀全文，理解大意。重視首句信息，跳過空格，瀏覽全文，從整體上感知全文，理解文章大意，這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。2.瞻前顧后，避難就易。在理解文章大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和用法，遵循先易后難的原則，先解決那些自己有把握的問題。對(duì)少數(shù)難題，暫時(shí)跳過，或許在上文中難以判斷的題在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示，或許一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開朗。3.復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵。借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格，對(duì)全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺留的少數(shù)疑難問題。4.再次復(fù)讀，彌補(bǔ)疏漏，全部做好后，務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。第二節(jié)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}紙指定區(qū)域作答。2．【分析】文章A講述了作者女兒的鞋子破了，作者拿去修后結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)鞋子的外觀更有趣了。文章B介紹了由于缺乏食物，非洲企鵝數(shù)量下降，預(yù)計(jì)十多年后野生非洲企鵝將滅絕。文章C介紹了哭泣的好處，我們可以利用哭泣來緩解自己的消極情緒?！窘獯稹浚?）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：不久前，我女兒的鞋子被刀弄壞了。根據(jù)句意，此處表示"被破壞"，短文時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（was/weredone），主語(yǔ)shoes為復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用were，動(dòng)詞damage用過去分詞，故填weredamaged。（2）考查不定式。句意：兩天后我下班過來取鞋。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填tocollect。（3）考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：這個(gè)外觀看起來比以往任何時(shí)候都有趣。根據(jù)than可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí)，故填moreinteresting。（4）考查名詞。句意：主要原因是全球變暖對(duì)海洋環(huán)境的干擾和商業(yè)捕魚業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)造成了食物短缺。并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)，competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，故填competition。（5）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，最近科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)可能的額外原因，這是一個(gè)全新的威脅，進(jìn)一步阻止企鵝尋找食物：海灣中船舶的噪音污染。根據(jù)recently可知，時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（have/hasdone），主語(yǔ)scientists為復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用have，動(dòng)詞identity用過去分詞形式。故填haveidentified。（6）考查動(dòng)詞。句意：根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，最近科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)可能的額外原因，這是一個(gè)全新的威脅，進(jìn)一步阻止企鵝尋找食物：海灣中船舶的噪音污染。本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為指示代詞that，為單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用三單形式，故填prevents。（7）考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：不管什么原因?qū)е卵蹨I流出來，身體上的反應(yīng)通常都是一樣的，面頰浮腫，眼睛緊繃，導(dǎo)致眼淚從臉上流下來。介詞of后接賓語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞表示"什么"，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，故填what。（8）考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：不管什么原因?qū)е卵蹨I流出來，身體上的反應(yīng)通常都是一樣的，面頰浮腫，眼睛緊繃，導(dǎo)致眼淚從臉上流下來。cheeks和eyes與動(dòng)詞lead之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作后置定語(yǔ)，故填leading。（9）考查限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管覺得丟臉，但哭泣可以緩解緊張情緒，消除消極和悲傷情緒。先行詞是anact，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，可用which或that引導(dǎo)，故填which/that。（10）考查介詞。句意：最終，哭泣是一種強(qiáng)大的工具，我們應(yīng)該用它來擺脫消極情緒。freeoneselffromsth.使某人擺脫某事，故填from。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】語(yǔ)法填空考查學(xué)生英語(yǔ)綜合知識(shí)的運(yùn)用，做題時(shí)要首先明確短文大意，從詞語(yǔ)搭配，固定句型，語(yǔ)法，時(shí)態(tài)等方面綜合考慮，結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境找出正確答案。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題6分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。3．【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了一個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目，即在優(yōu)勝美地國(guó)家公園與護(hù)林員一起工作，幫助保護(hù)這個(gè)著名的國(guó)家公園?！窘獯稹浚?）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段AsvolunteersinYosemiteValley，wehelprangersfixtrailsandrepairfragilenaturalresources.（作為約塞米蒂山谷的志愿者，我們幫助護(hù)林員修復(fù)小徑，修復(fù)脆弱的自然資源。）可知優(yōu)勝美地志愿者項(xiàng)目中，志愿者的任務(wù)是修復(fù)容易被破壞的自然資源。故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What'sIncluded部分AllmealsfromdinneronDay1throughbreakfastonDay7；campgroundreservations；grouptools；transportationfromcampgroundtoworksites；orientationandtraining；parkentrancefees.（從第1天的晚餐到第7天的早餐的所有餐費(fèi)；露營(yíng)地預(yù)訂；團(tuán)體工具；從露營(yíng)地到工作地點(diǎn)的交通；指導(dǎo)和培訓(xùn)；公園門票。）可知志愿者項(xiàng)目包包括露營(yíng)地預(yù)訂和公園入場(chǎng)費(fèi)。故選D。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day6部分ExploreYosemiteNationalParkonyourmuchdeservedrestday.ChallengeyourselfonahikeuptheMistTrail，relaxbytheMercedRiver，orreadabookinapeacefulmeadow—thisdayisallyours.（在您應(yīng)得的休息日探索約塞米蒂國(guó)家公園。在薄霧小道上徒步挑戰(zhàn)自己，在默塞德河邊放松，或者在寧?kù)o的草地上讀一本書——這一天都是你的。）可知項(xiàng)目休息日的推薦活動(dòng)是在河邊放松。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。4．【分析】這篇短文主要講述了一位名叫JerryValencia的63歲老人在大學(xué)里堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)的故事。【解答】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段I'dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions，withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.（我得說，他比我本科傳播學(xué)班上的同學(xué)大40歲左右。他以他的幽默和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的智慧，熱心地參加課堂討論。）可知瓦倫西亞和他的同學(xué)的不同之處是：盡管年紀(jì)大了，他還是渴望學(xué)習(xí)。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第七段AlotofValencia'sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn'taffordthatsemester'stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework."Hereheis，willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning，"saysJessicaEspinosa，a25﹣year﹣oldjunior.（瓦倫西亞的很多同學(xué)顯然知道他付不起那學(xué)期的學(xué)費(fèi)，但仍然在做作業(yè)。25歲的大三學(xué)生杰西卡?埃斯皮諾薩（JessicaEspinosa）說："他在這里，為了學(xué)習(xí)的樂趣和益處而自愿上課。"）可知他繼續(xù)上課是因?yàn)樗玫搅藰啡げ⒄湎W(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。（3）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文第一段Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions，withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.（他帶著自己的幽默和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，熱心地投入到課堂討論中。）可知他是熱情且積極的。故選C。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段Afterward，IoverheardValenciasayhewantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster'sdegree，butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege，sohehadalongwaytogo.（后來，我無意中聽到巴倫西亞說，他想繼續(xù)留在學(xué)校直到獲得碩士學(xué)位，但他花了12年時(shí)間才完成社區(qū)大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)，所以他還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。）以及最后一段的Twelveyears？Hewasinandoutofschool，hesaid，subjecttohisworkscheduleandwhetherhehadmoneyforclasses.Hehadearnedhisassociateofartsdegreeoverthesummer，thentransferredtoCalStateLAtostartonhisbachelor's.（十二年？他說，他進(jìn)出學(xué)校，取決于他的工作時(shí)間表，以及他是否有錢去上課。他在夏天獲得了副學(xué)士學(xué)位，然后轉(zhuǎn)到加州州立大學(xué)洛杉磯分校開始攻讀學(xué)士學(xué)位。）可知一個(gè)63歲的大學(xué)生尚有如此的學(xué)習(xí)興趣一直往下學(xué)。可知本文講述了學(xué)習(xí)永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太遲，即使我們開始的有點(diǎn)晚，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。5．【分析】本文是一篇說明文。作者講述了人類進(jìn)化孤獨(dú)感的好處，認(rèn)為孤獨(dú)并不是一種疾病?！窘獯稹浚?）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段they'rerealizingthatit'smoreofabiologicalhungersignalthatremindsuswhenit'stimetoreconnectwiththosearoundustopromoteourshort﹣termsurvival（他們現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到孤獨(dú)感是一種生物學(xué)的饑餓信號(hào)，提醒我們何時(shí)重新與周圍的人聯(lián)系，以促進(jìn)我們的短期生存）以及第五段Thatmeanseventhoughtheymaybedesperatetoformconnections（盡管他們渴望與他人建立聯(lián)系）可知，孤獨(dú)感實(shí)際也反映了人們渴望建立社交聯(lián)系。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Thepainoflonelinesspromptedustorenewthesocialstructuresowecouldsurviveandpromotekeyfeaturesliketrust，cooperationandcollectiveaction（雖然孤獨(dú)感會(huì)讓我們感到痛苦，但它也促使我們重新建立社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)，以便我們能夠生存并促進(jìn)信任、合作和集體行動(dòng)等關(guān)鍵特征）可知，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為孤獨(dú)是痛苦的，但也是必要的。故選B。（3）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段Butscientiststhinkweevolvedtofe