2024屆湖南省邵陽市高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考（一模）英語試題【含答案解析】

2024年邵陽市高三第一次聯(lián)考試題卷英語本試卷8頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級、考號填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡上“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆在答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.保持答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡，試題卷自行保存。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthechairmadeof?A.Wood. B.Metal. C.Plastic.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Thischairisunusual.Canyouguesswhatmaterialitismadeof?M:Possiblyalightmetal.W:No,anewkindofplastic.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthefoodintherestaurant?A.Boring. B.Special. C.Great.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Howwasyourfirstdayhereintherestaurant?M:Great.I’veenjoyedit.Butthefoodweserveseemsabitboring.W:Whatfooddoyouthinkpeopleliketoeat?M:Well,Icantryoneofmyspecialmealsifyoulike.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoesthemancomefrom?A.NewYork. B.Washington. C.LosAngeles.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whereareyoufrom,Karl?NewYorkorLosAngeles?M:Ijusttoldyouyesterday,I’mfromWashington,acityclosetoNewYork.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhatisthenextTVprogram?A.Thenews. B.Aquizshow. C.Adocumentaryaboutanimals.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Doyouknowwhat’sonafterthenews?Isitaquizshow?W:No,it’sadocumentaryaboutanimals.M:Oh,Iliketowatchprogramsaboutanimals.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Inalibrary. B.Inabookstore. C.Atacoffeeshop.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:I’dliketocheckoutthesefourbooks,please.Bytheway,isthereanicecoffeeshoparoundhere?M:Yes,there’sonerightdownthestreet.Well,I’dliketoremindyouthatyourbooksaredueintwoweeksandpleasereturnthemintime.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cooking. B.Working. C.Eating.7.Whatwasputontheman’sfinger?A.Cream. B.Bandage. C.Ice.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Well,thesalad’salmostready.How’sthebeefgoing?I’mstarving.M:SoamI.Thebeeflooksjustaboutready.Justoneminute.Wow!W:What’sthematter?M:Oh!Myfinger!Ihaveburnedmyfinger!W:That’sterrible!I’llgetsomeiceandputitonyourfinger.M:OK!W:There!M:Ah...ah...muchbetter.Theicereallyworks.W:Howdoesitfeel?M:Oh!Ifeelwellnow!Thanks!Let’seat.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whodoesthebookbelongto?A.David. B.Mary. C.Nancy.9.Whatcanbeknownaboutthebook?A.Itsellsverywell.B.Itcanbefoundinafewbookstores.C.Thebookisaimedatstudents.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Lookforthebookinabookstore.B.GiveMaryacall.C.Bringthebookrightnow.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoureading,David?M:TheHeroTwoDoorsDown.Ireallyloveit.W:DoyouthinkIcouldborrowitwhenyou’vefinishedwithit?I’vebeenlookingalloverforacopy,butapparently,it’ssoldoutatallthebookstores.M:Oh,yeah.It’sbeensellingreallywell.Butthiscopyisn’tmine.ItbelongstoMary.W:Whendoyouthinkyou’llfinishreadingit?M:Tomorrow,Ithink.W:So,I’llcallMaryandseewhatshesays.M:OK,Nancy.LetmeknowifshesaysyessothatIcangiveittoyouassoonasI’mdone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheskiplace?A.Thesnowisnotgood. B.It’sverycrowded. C.She’sbeentotheplacetwice.12.Whatdidthestupidskierdotothewoman?A.Hetookapictureofher. B.Hestolehernewgloves. C.Hedroveherintoatree.13.Howcanthewomanrecognizethestupidskier?A.Byhisclothing. B.Byhiscrazylaugh. C.Byhishairandeyes.14.Whatistheendofthestory?A.Thespeakersfindtheybothlikejazz.B.Themanseemstobethestupidskier.C.Themanwillteachthewomantoski.【答案】11.B12.C13.A14.B【解析】【原文】M:Whew!It’sprettycoldtoday.Miss,doyouoftenskihere?W:No,thisismyfirsttime.Actually,thisismyfirsttimeskiingever.M:Howdoyoulikeitsofar?W:Thesnowisgreat,butit’stoocrowded.Youknow,twopeoplecrashedintomeonmyfirstrun,andsomestupidskierwasgoingtoofastanddrovemeintoatree.Icrashedandlostmygloves.M:Wow,didtheskierstopandapologize?W:No,hejustlaughedatme.Humph!YoujustwaituntilIfindthatguy.M:Uh,whatareyougoingtodotohim?W:First,I’mgoingtobreakhisskis.AndthenIwilltakeapictureofhimandpostitonFacebook.M:Buthowareyougoingtoidentifyhim?W:Oh,that’seasy.Hewaswearingbrightredbootsandapurplehat,um…justlikeyours.M:Wait,wait!Whatdoyoumean?Whyareyoulookingatme?Youdon’tthinkitwasme,doyou?Um...doyoulikejazzmusic?聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】15.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inacar. B.Inatrain. C.Inabus.16.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atraveltoanewcity. B.Alightrailtrain. C.Atrafficaccident.17.Whooperatesthetrain?A.Theman. B.Thetrainitself. C.Operators.【答案】15.A16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Lookout!M:Don’tworry.That’sanewlightrailtrain.Thenewlightrailsystemsharestheroadwithstreettraffic.W:Forasecond,Ithoughtourcarwasgoingtorunintoit.M:Didn’tyouseetheoperatorseatedatthefrontofthetrain?Shewatchesoutforotherdrivers.W:Ididn’tknowthetrainhaveoperators.Ithoughttheywereautomatic.M:No.They’renotlikesomeformsofrapidtransit.W:Iseethatthetrainsrideontracksandarepoweredbyoverheadelectriclines.M:That’sright.W:I’dliketohaveatryonthelightrailtrain.M:OK,I’lltakeyoutotheneareststop.There’stheplatformoverthere.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Howoldisthespeakernow?A.12yearsold. B.15yearsold. C.17yearsold.19.WhatdidLisasaywhenshewasinvitedtoamovie?A.Shehadtostudy.B.Shehadwatchedthemovie.C.Shehadtoseeanotherfriend.20.WhatdoweknowaboutthewomanandLisanow?A.Theyhardlyseeeachother.B.Theyremaintobegoodfriends.C.Theyhavefewerfriends.【答案】18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】Lisaismybestfriend.ShemovedtoChicagofromLondonwithherfamilyataveryyoungage.Wefirstmetwhenwewerebothjustfiveyearsold.Herfamilylivednexttomine,andwebecamefriendsassoonaswekneweachother.Wewenttothesamekindergartenandalwaysplayedtogether.Nowtwelveyearshaspassed.Wehavebeenfriendsalltheseyearsandwearestillneighbors.However,atthebeginningofthisyearIfoundthatLisadidn’thangoutwithmeasmuchasbefore.WhenIaskedhertohangoutwithme,shesaidshewasbusy.Oneday,Iaskedhertogotoamoviewithme,butshesaidshebadtostudyforanexamathome.However,laterthatday,Isawherwalkingonthestreetwithanothergirl.Ibecameangry,ranuptoherandaskedherwhysheliedtome.Thatnight,Lisaapologized.Shesaidshewantedtomakemorefriends.Shedidn’ttellmethetruthbecauseshewasafraidshe’dbreakmyheart.Afterknowingthereason,Itoldheritwasalright.Everyoneneedsnewfriends.Ihavealsomadesomenewfriends.NowLisaandIarestillgoodfriends.Butwebothhavemorefriendsthanbefore.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWelcometoAmericanUnitedTravelCompany.We’llhelpyouspendaperfectholiday.Forover6years,wehavebeenorganizingvalueformoneysummerholidays,whetherit’salateholidaydealoryourmainsummerholiday.Whetheryou’relookingforaromanticgetaway,aluxury5-starholiday,oryoujustwanttorelaxandsoakupthesun,we’vegotaccesstotheverybestflightandhoteldealsthroughouttheworld.Weareproudtoofferyouvariousservicesunlikeothertourcompanieswhereweofferone-stopshopforcompletetourism.OurServicesIncludeTours.Meet&AssistServices.AirportTransfer.MICE(Meeting,Incentive,Conferences,Exhibitions)privateJets.Groundhandling(24hours)VIPservicesonarrival&departure.AdventureTour.MeansofTransportationReservationsWeoperateforallmeansoftransportationavailableinthecountry,startingwithbusesforgroupstocarrentaltoindividuals.GuidanceWehavethemostqualifiedguideswhospeakFrench,English,German,Italian,andSpanish.Webankontheircommunicationskillsaswellastheirknowledgeinvariousfields.FancyDinnersWeprepareoutdoordinnersinparticularplacessuchascastles,beaches,oldandtraditionalhouses,etc.Usually,thesedinnersarearrangedaccordingtotheclients’choices.LuggageConciergeDon’tworryaboutluggagesizeandweightwhentravelling.GiveyourbagstoLuggageConciergeinadvanceandtheywillbewaitingforyouatyourdestinationwhenyouarrive.Calloneofourexperiencedtravelconsultantsoosecureoneofthesefantasticdeals.21.WhatisspecialaboutUnitedTravelcompany?A.Itprovidesone-stopcompletetourism. B.Itsuppliesthebestflightandhotels.C.Itofferstransferservice. D.Itsguidesspeakvariouslanguages.22.Whatcanyoudowithyourluggagebeforetravelling?A.Sendittoyourdestinationdirectly. B.Carryitbyyourself.C.Keepitaslightaspossible. D.HandittoLuggageConcierge.23.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Todiversifytheeconomy. B.Toattracttourists.C.Toconservetheenvironment. D.Toentertainreaders.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服務(wù)內(nèi)容?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“weareproudtoofferyouvariousservicesunlikeothertourcompanieswhereweofferone-stopshopforcompletetourism.”（我們很自豪地為您提供各種服務(wù)，不像其他旅游公司，我們提供一站式的完整旅游。）可知，與其他旅行公司不同，美國旅行公司提供一站式完整的旅游服務(wù)。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章LuggageConcierge中的內(nèi)容“GiveyourbagstoLuggageConciergeinadvanceandtheywillbewaitingforyouatyourdestinationwhenyouarrive.”（提前把你的行李交給行李禮賓部，當(dāng)你到達(dá)目的地時，他們會在你的目的地等你。）可知，在旅游前，你可以把行李提前給行李部。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了美國旅行公司提供的旅游一站式服務(wù)內(nèi)容。故這篇文章的目的是在為美國旅游公司做廣告宣傳，旅游廣告的目的是吸引游客。故選B。BEverwonderwhathappenstospacecraftaftertheygetlaunchedtospace?Well,thatiswheremyjobasaninstrumentoperationengineercomesin.Myjobconsistsofplanning,generating,andoperatingscientificinstrumentsin-flight.IamgratefulforhavingworkedonmissionsatSaturn,theMoon,andourownplanetEarth.WhenIwasahigh-schooler,IwasunsureofwhatcollegeIwantedtoattend,orwhatmajorIwantedtochoose.AfterreceivinganemailfromacollegecalledMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),Idecidedtoapplytoasummerprogramtheywereofferingwiththeencouragementofmymom.Afterparticipatinginthatprogram,IknewthatMITwastherightuniversityforme.Thepassionatestudentsandboundlessopportunitiesdevelopedafeelingofbelonginginmethatledmetoapplyandeventuallygetaccepted.ThemostexcitingandfulfillingpartofbeinganengineeristhatIamabletoworkonprojectsthatbenefithumanity.Whenpeoplethinkofthespaceindustry,theypicturetheouterreachesofoursolarsystem.Whattheymaynotimagineisthegreatbodyofworkbeingdonetostudyourownhome—Earth.Iamthankfultohaveacareerthatallowsmetocommitmyselftothatresponsibility.ThehighlightofmycareerhasbeenwitnessingtheendoftheCassinimissiontoSaturn.AndwhentheCassinispacecrafthadrunoutoffuel,Iquicklylearnedthatitwasnotjusttheendofthemission,buttheendofateam.ThenightwewatchedwithbittersweetlongingasitssignalfadedtonothingissomethingthatIwillalwayskeepinmymemories.AndwhileCassiniwillberememberedforitshistoriccontributions,whatIwillrememberitforistheteamitbroughttogether.Myfriendsoftenaskwhyagirlcouldachieveallthese.Ialwaysgrewupabigfanoffiction.Irealizedthatacommonthemeofherostoriesisthattheheromustalwaysmakeachoicetostarttheiradventure.Ifyoudon’tpickuptheswordinyourownstorybecauseyouareafraidofwhatmayhappennext,yourisknothavingastoryatall.24.WhydidtheauthorapplytoMIT?A.Shesetthisgoalasahigh-schooler. B.AsummerprogrammadeherloveMIT.C.ThemajorsinMITinterestedher. D.HermotherurgedhertogotoMIT.25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofheroccupation?A.Sheisproudtoworkforhumanwell-being. B.It’shardforagirltohavesuchacareer.C.Sheisannoyedbybeingmisunderstood. D.It’seasytopredictwhatshedoes.26.WhatdoestheauthortreasuremostintheCassinimission?ABreathtakingimagesoftheplanet. B.Theopportunitytooperatethecameras.C.Itshistoriccontributions. D.Theteamitbroughttogether.27.Whatcanweincludefromthestory?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Wellbegunishalfdone.C.Nowayisimpossibletocourage. D.Timelostcannotbewonagain.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主題語境是人與自我。文章主要講述了作者是一名工程師，工作包括規(guī)劃、制作和操作飛行中的科學(xué)儀器。作者認(rèn)為自己從事有益于人類的項(xiàng)目，感到感激和滿足。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AfterreceivinganemailfromacollegecalledMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),Idecidedtoapplytoasummerprogramtheywereofferingwiththeencouragementofmymom.Afterparticipatinginthatprogram,IknewthatMITwastherightuniversityforme.(在收到一封來自麻省理工學(xué)院的電子郵件后，在我媽媽的鼓勵下，我決定申請他們提供的暑期項(xiàng)目。在參加了這個項(xiàng)目之后，我知道MIT是適合我的大學(xué))”可知，作者申請麻省理工學(xué)院是因?yàn)橐粋€暑期項(xiàng)目使她愛上了麻省理工學(xué)院。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThemostexcitingandfulfillingpartofbeinganengineeristhatIamabletoworkonprojectsthatbenefithumanity.(作為一名工程師,最令人興奮和滿足的部分是我能夠從事有益于人類的項(xiàng)目)”以及“Whattheymaynotimagineisthegreatbodyofworkbeingdonetostudyourownhome-Earth.Iamthankfultohaveacareerthatallowsmetocommitmyselftothatresponsibility.(他們可能無法想象的是，研究我們自己的家園地球的大量工作正在進(jìn)行。我很感激有這樣一份工作，能讓我承擔(dān)起這樣的責(zé)任)”可知，作者因?yàn)樽约簽榱巳祟惛ｌ淼墓ぷ鞫院?。故選A?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AndwhileCassiniwillberememberedforitshistoriccontributions,whatIwillrememberitforistheteamitbroughttogether.(雖然卡西尼號將因其歷史性貢獻(xiàn)而被銘記，但我將銘記的是它所凝聚的團(tuán)隊(duì))”可知，在卡西尼號任務(wù)中，作者最看重的是它所凝聚的團(tuán)隊(duì)。故選D。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Irealizedthatacommonthemeofherostoriesisthattheheromustalwaysmakeachoicetostarttheiradventure.Ifyoudon’tpickuptheswordinyourownstorybecauseyouareafraidofwhatmayhappennext,yourisknothavingastoryatall.(我意識到英雄故事的一個共同主題是，英雄必須總是做出選擇，開始他們的冒險。如果你在自己的故事中因?yàn)楹ε陆酉聛砜赡馨l(fā)生的事情而不拿起劍，你就有可能根本沒有故事)”可知，作者通過這篇文章闡述了要勇往直前，不要害怕冒險，因此推斷我們能從這個故事中學(xué)到“勇者無懼”的道理。故選C。CListeningtoanaudiobook(有聲書)beforebedaffectsaperson’sbrainactivityaftertheynodoffaswellasthecontentoftheirdreams.Betterunderstandingthiseffectcouldhelptreatcertainmentalhealthconditionsbytargetingmemoryprocessingduringsleep.Whenwesleep,ourbrainspontaneously(自發(fā)地)“replays”,orreactivatespatternsofelectricalactivitythatarerelatedtolearningtotransferimportantnewinformationtolong-termmemorystorage.Ithasbeensuggestedthatdreamsmayreflectthisreactivation,butexactlyhowisunclear.Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopletolistentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.TheseincludedTheMysteryoftheBlueTrainbyAgathaChristieandInkheartbyCorneliaFunke.Amongtheparticipantswhorememberedtheirdreams,theresearcherscouldidentifywhichaudiobookeachhadheardfromtheirdescriptionsofthedreams.Whiletheparticipantsslept,theresearchersalsousedanEEG(腦電圖)capthatdetectselectricalactivitytorecordtheirbrainwaves.Thisshowedthatthewavepatternsduringtherapideyemovementphaseofsleep,whendreamsoccurred,weremoresimilarbetweenthosewhohadheardthesameaudiobookthanthosewhohadhearddifferentones,suggestingthatthelisteningexperienceshapedthebrainactivity.Furtheranalysisofthepatternsrevealedthathigh-frequencybetawaves—between18and30hertz—weremoststronglyassociatedwiththeparticipantsrecallingtheaudiobook-relatedcontentoftheirdreams.Thefindingssuggestthatdailylifeexperiencescanshapedreamcontentviamemoryreactivation,accordingtotheresearchers.Butwhiledreamingmayserveadistinctpurposeinmemoryformation,itcouldalsobeaby-productofmemoryprocessing.“Daytimeexperiencesarerarelyreplayedasexperienced,butarealmostalwaysmodifiedorsurfaceindifferentcontexts,”saysKumral.“Individualswithcertainpsychologicalconditionsormentalproblemsmightbenefitfromtailoredstrategiesthatenhancememoryprocessingortreatdisordersofdreamingduringsleep,potentiallycontributingtoimprovedmentalandemotionalhealth.”28.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?A.Recordtheirdreamseverynight. B.Listentoaudiobooksduringtheday.C.Listentoaudiobooksjustbeforesleep. D.WearanEEGcapduringtheday.29.WhydidDenizKumralandhercolleaguesdotheresearch?A.Toknowhowpeopleprocessinformation.B.Tofindoutthecontentsofpeople’sdreams.C.Torevealthesecretofimprovingpeople’smemory.D.Toinvestigatehowdreamsreplaypatternsofelectricalactivity.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modified”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Changed. B.Stored C.Strengthened. D.Forgotten.31.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ListeningexperiencesinfluencingbrainactivityB.Listeningtoaudiobooksbeforebedshapingone’sdreamC.TheimportanceofdreamsinmemoryformationD.Integrationofdailyexperiencesintodreams【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了睡前聽有聲書會影響人在入睡后的大腦活動以及夢的內(nèi)容?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopletolistentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.(為了進(jìn)行調(diào)查，德國弗賴堡大學(xué)的丹尼斯·庫姆拉爾和她的同事們讓20個人在睡覺前聽不同的有聲讀物)”可知，研究人員要求參與者在睡前聽不同的有聲讀物。故選C?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenwesleep,ourbrainspontaneously(自發(fā)地)“replays”,orreactivatespatternsofelectricalactivitythatarerelatedtolearningtotransferimportantnewinformationtolong-termmemorystorage.Ithasbeensuggestedthatdreamsmayreflectthisreactivation,butexactlyhowisunclear.(當(dāng)我們睡覺時，我們的大腦會自發(fā)地“重放”，或者重新激活與學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)的腦電活動模式，將重要的新信息轉(zhuǎn)移到長期記憶存儲中。有人認(rèn)為，夢可能反映了這種重新激活，但具體是如何反應(yīng)的還不清楚)”以及第三段“Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopletolistentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.(為了進(jìn)行調(diào)查，德國弗賴堡大學(xué)的丹尼斯·庫姆拉爾和她的同事們讓20個人在睡覺前聽不同的有聲讀物)”可推知，該研究是為了調(diào)查夢是如何重現(xiàn)腦電波活動模式的。故選D。【30題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句子的前半句話“Daytimeexperiencesarerarelyreplayedasexperienced(白天的經(jīng)歷很少作為經(jīng)歷被重播)”以及“orsurfaceindifferentcontexts(不同的環(huán)境中出現(xiàn))”可知，白天的經(jīng)歷很少在夢境中被回放，但是總是在不同的環(huán)境中被修改或者出現(xiàn)。所以劃線單詞的意思為“修改，改變”，與changed意思接近。故選A。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Listeningtoanaudiobook(有聲書)beforebedaffectsaperson’sbrainactivityaftertheynodoffaswellasthecontentoftheirdreams.(睡前聽有聲書會影響人在打盹后的大腦活動以及夢的內(nèi)容)”以及全文可知，本文講述了睡前聽有聲書會影響人在入睡后的大腦活動以及夢的內(nèi)容。由此可知，Listeningtoaudiobooksbeforebedshapingone’sdream(睡前聽有聲讀物塑造一個人的夢)適合作本文的標(biāo)題。故選B。DSomepeopleworrythatthere’stoomuchtechnologyinourlives.Andtheymayhaveapoint,givenhowcountlesspeoplenowcarrytheinternetaroundintheirpocketanduseitasaprimaryformofcommunication.It’spracticallydifficulttoshuntechnologyinourworld.Therearecomputermicrochips(微芯片)inourwatches,ourcars,lightswitches,evenourpets!Wherewillitend?Well,ifcertainpeoplehavetheirway,it’llgoevenfurther.We’llhavemicrochipsimplanted(植入)intoourbrainsthatcaninteractwiththecomputersbythoughtalone.Itmaysoundlikesomethingfromthesciencefiction,butinmanyways,thingslookquitepromising.Thankstotheabilitytosendandreceiveinformationremotelyviacomputers,microchipsandotherrelateddeviceshavelongbeenputintobrains.Forexample,electrodeshavebeenimplantedinthebrainsofepilepsypatientstobetterrecordandevenpredicttheabnormalneurologicalactivity.Similarly,deep-brainstimulation,throughimplanteddevicesthatcauseactivityinkeybrainregions,isanestablishedtreatmentforthingslikeParkinson’sdisease,andisevenbeinglookedintoforillnesseslikedepression.However,it’sanotherthingtoplacesuchdevicesinhealthyindividuals.Therearethepracticalconcerns,notleastofwhichiswhatthesechipswillbemadeof.Theinsideofthebrainisamassofhighlyreactivechemicalsandelectricalactivity.Implantswouldneedtobeinert(靜止的)enoughtonotupsetthedelicateprocessesbytheirpresence,butalsosensitiveenoughtoreadandprocesstheactivityaroundthem.Currenttechnologyhasmadeimpressiveprogresswiththis,butifitweretoberolledouttomillionsofpeople,we’dneedtobe100percentcertainthatit’ssafe.Howmanypeoplewillactuallywanttohavetechnologyliterallyputintotheirbrain?Asurprising60percentofAmericanssaythey’dbeokaywithit,butthat’swhenit’spurelytheoretical.Inreality,thepossibilityofhavingstrangersstickchipsinyourbrainislikelytoproveunattractive,especiallyforapopulationwheremillionsgetmadatfictionalmicrochipsinvaccines(疫苗),andevenmorearefrightenedofdentists.Ultimately,thetechnologyofcomputer-braininterface(接口)implantsisstillfarawayfromus.32.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Asummaryofthearticle. B.Anintroductiontothemaintopic.C.Anoverviewofthewholearticle. D.Anargumentoverthemaintopic.33.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbytheexamplesinparagraph3?A.Theprocessofhuman-computerinteraction.B.Thepossibletreatmentforparticulardiseases.C.Thefutureofmicrochipsanddevicesalike.D.Theexistingapplicationofmicrochipimplants.34.HowmaymostAmericansreacttoimplantingchipsinthebraininreality?A.Theymayrejectit. B.Theymayexpectit.C.Theymayadjusttoit. D.Theymayfeelcuriousaboutit.35.Whichwordcanbestdescribethetechnologyofcomputer-braininterfaceimplants?A.Imaginary. B.Practical. C.Unfulfilled. D.Impossible.【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。在我們的世界里，幾乎很難避開科技。我們的手表、汽車、電燈開關(guān)，甚至我們的寵物里都有計(jì)算機(jī)微芯片。文章主要探討了將微芯片植入人類大腦的可能性。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Therearecomputermicrochips(微芯片)inourwatches,ourcars,lightswitches,evenourpets!(我們的手表，汽車，電燈開關(guān)，甚至我們的寵物里都有電腦芯片!)”提到電腦芯片在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪幸呀?jīng)是普遍存在，從這些事實(shí)引發(fā)思考：“Wherewillitend?(它將在哪里結(jié)束？)”從而引出本文的話題：將微芯片植入人類大腦的可能性。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thankstotheabilitytosendandreceiveinformationremotelyviacomputersmicrochipsandotherrelateddeviceshavelongbeenputintobrains.(由于能夠通過計(jì)算機(jī)遠(yuǎn)程發(fā)送和接收信息，微芯片和其他相關(guān)設(shè)備早已被植入大腦)”和第三段“Forexample,electrodeshavebeenimplantedinthebrainsofepilepsypatientstobetterrecordandevenpredicttheabnormalneurologicalactivity.Similarly,deep-brainstimulation,throughimplanteddevicesthatcauseactivityinkeybrainregions,isanestablishedtreatmentforthingslikeParkinson’sdisease,andisevenbeinglookedintoforillnesseslikedepression.(例如，電極已經(jīng)植入癲癇患者的大腦，以便更好地記錄甚至預(yù)測異常的神經(jīng)活動。類似地，通過植入設(shè)備引起大腦關(guān)鍵區(qū)域活動的深部腦刺激，是治療帕金森氏癥等疾病的既定方法，甚至正在研究治療抑郁癥等疾病)”可推知，作者想通過例子說明微芯片植入的現(xiàn)有應(yīng)用。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inreality,thepossibilityofhavingstrangersstickchipsinyourbrainislikelytoproveunattractive,especiallyforapopulationwheremillionsgetmadatfictionalmicrochipsinvaccines(疫苗),andevenmorearefrightenedofdentists.(事實(shí)上，讓陌生人在你的大腦里植入芯片的可能性很可能被證明是沒有吸引力的，尤其是對于一個數(shù)百萬人對疫苗中虛構(gòu)的微芯片感到憤怒的人群，對于害怕牙醫(yī)的人群來說更多)”可知，在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，大多數(shù)美國人可能會拒絕對在大腦中植入芯片。故選A。35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ultimately,thetechnologyofcomputer-braininterface(接口)implantsisstillfarawayfromus.(最終，計(jì)算機(jī)與大腦接口植入技術(shù)離我們還很遙遠(yuǎn))”可推知，計(jì)算機(jī)與大腦接口植入技術(shù)還未實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Roadsystemsarenecessaryforpublictransport.Streetnetworkisindeedconvenientforhumans.Butroadsandhighwayshavedonemoreharmthangoodtoanimals.Everyweek,millionsofwildanimalsdiefromvehiclecollisions(碰撞).Despitethenumerousroadsigns,theincreasingnumberofanimalroadkillskeepsonincreasingeachyear.Eversinceroadsystemswereconstructed,animalshavebeenexposedtodangerfrommovingfromoneplacetoanother.___36___Wildlifecrossingsareintheformofbridges,overpassesandunderpasstunnels.___37___Withthesesaferoutes,wildanimalswon’thavetoaccessthebusyroadsandhighwaysanymore.Theycansafelycrossoverorunderthesestructurestomoveontotheirpath.Thefirstwildlifecrossingevermadewasintheformofbridgesforanimals.Inthe1950’s,Franceconstructedseveralanimalbridgestoprotectbothanimalsandhumansfromvehiclecollisions.___38___ApartfromFrance,theNetherlandsalsofeatures600overpassesandecoducts(生態(tài)通道)fordeer,boars,andbadgers.Asamatteroffact,theNetherlandstakesprideinhavingthelongestwildlifeoverpassintheworld.TheNatuurbrugZanderijCrailoostretches800metersinlength,overpassingthemassiveN525roadwayandnearbyraillines.___39___Therecouldbeafewunintendedconsequencesofthewildlifecrossingsbasedontheirdesign.Thebridgescanincreasethespreadofinvasive(入侵的)species,forexample.Predation(捕食)ratescouldincreaseasthepredatorscaneasilyhuntdowntheprey(捕獲物)throughthebridges.However,theimportanceofecologicalcrossingscannotbedenied.Regardlessofthenegativeimpacts,theyplayavitalroleinthepreservationandrestorationofhabitatandspecies.___40___A.Diseasesmayalsousethecrossingstospread.B.Thewildlifebridgescanhavenegativeresultsaswell.C.Europesurelyleadsthewayintermsofwildlifebridges.D.Thesecrossingsareusedbyanincreasingnumberofmammals.E.Thesestructuresprovidesafepassagewaysforpassinganimals.F.Moreecoductsshouldbebuilttoprovideasafespaceforthespecies.G.Forthisreason,wildlifebridgesarebuilttoallowwildanimalstocrossman-maderoadssafely.【答案】36.G37.E38.C39.B40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了為保護(hù)動物而建立起的許多生態(tài)通道，如動物橋梁等，以及它們的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?6題詳解】本句位于段尾，是本段的結(jié)論句，同時承上啟下。上文“Eversinceroadsystemswereconstructed,animalshavebeenexposedtodangerfrommovingfromoneplacetoanother.(自從道路系統(tǒng)建成以來，動物們就會因?yàn)閺囊粋€地方移動到另一個地方而面臨危險。)”指出，為了保護(hù)動物安全，建造野生動物橋很有必要。下文“Wildlifecrossingsareintheformofbridgesoverpassesandunderpasstunnels.(野生動物道口的形式是橋梁、立交橋和地下通道、隧道)”。選項(xiàng)G“Forthisreason,wildlifebridgesarebuilttoallowwildanimalstocrossman-maderoadssafely.(因此，建造野生動物橋是為了讓野生動物能夠安全地穿越人造道路。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】上文“Wildlifecrossingsareintheformofbridgesoverpassesandunderpasstunnels.(野生動物過境點(diǎn)采用橋梁、立交橋和地下通道隧道的形式。)”指出橋梁、立交橋和地下通道隧道被使用。選項(xiàng)E“Thesestructure