單臺(tái)儀表的校準(zhǔn)和試驗(yàn)方案中英樣本

單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)方案1、編制闡明：1.1、單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)老式稱(chēng)為一次調(diào)校，即儀表安裝前校驗(yàn)，它是在規(guī)定條件下，為擬定測(cè)量?jī)x器儀表或測(cè)量系統(tǒng)示值、實(shí)物量具或原則物質(zhì)所代表值與相相應(yīng)由參照原則擬定量值之間關(guān)系一組操作。其目是：檢查計(jì)分表在運(yùn)送途中有無(wú)損傷；核對(duì)儀表規(guī)格型號(hào)及功能與否符合設(shè)計(jì)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定；儀表精密度與否符合制造廠技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定。因而，它是一項(xiàng)技術(shù)含量高，工作規(guī)定細(xì)，范疇比較廣工作。這一工作質(zhì)量好壞，將直接影響系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)和裝置產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量及運(yùn)營(yíng)安全，對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)儀表工程施工質(zhì)量具重大影響。為了保證單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)質(zhì)量，特編制此方案。1.2、由于工業(yè)自動(dòng)化儀表工業(yè)發(fā)展不久，新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品不斷浮現(xiàn)，故單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)工作涉及面極廣，作為方案不也許面面具到。關(guān)于DCS、PLC系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)前功能測(cè)試和某些輔助儀表校準(zhǔn)，本方案不再闡述，常規(guī)儀表也只能以常用儀表為例闡述，特此闡明。2、編制根據(jù)：2.1、工程承包合同或合同（詳細(xì)到文號(hào)）。2.2、儀表設(shè)計(jì)施工圖及其他設(shè)計(jì)文獻(xiàn)。2.3、儀表制造廠提供技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)。2.4、國(guó)家現(xiàn)行《自動(dòng)化儀表工程施工及驗(yàn)收規(guī)范》及其驗(yàn)評(píng)原則。2.5、依照該項(xiàng)目施工組織設(shè)計(jì)編制《儀表工程施工進(jìn)度籌劃》。2.6、公司質(zhì)量體系文獻(xiàn)。2.7、化學(xué)工業(yè)計(jì)量檢定人員管理辦法。3、工程概況：3.1、工程特點(diǎn)（含工程名稱(chēng)、范疇、地點(diǎn)、規(guī)模、特點(diǎn)、重要技術(shù)參數(shù)、重要實(shí)物工程量、工期規(guī)定及投資等）。3.2、工程量。（見(jiàn)下表）儀表設(shè)備分類(lèi)登記表（樣表）序號(hào)儀表設(shè)備名稱(chēng)單位數(shù)量備注1溫度儀表涉及：①、雙金屬溫度計(jì)支②、壓力式溫度計(jì)支③、熱電偶支④、熱電阻支⑤、溫度變送器臺(tái)⑥、盤(pán)裝溫度儀表臺(tái)2壓力儀表涉及：①、②、③、3流量?jī)x表涉及：①、②、③、4物位儀表涉及：①、②、③、5成分儀表涉及：①、6調(diào)節(jié)儀表涉及：①、7旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械量?jī)x表8執(zhí)行器4、儀表校準(zhǔn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)程序：（見(jiàn)程序圖）GeneralProceduresforSingleInstrumentationCalibrationandTesting(refertothefollowingprograms):單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)程序圖核對(duì)儀表選型與否滿(mǎn)足工藝規(guī)定核對(duì)儀表選型與否滿(mǎn)足工藝規(guī)定核對(duì)設(shè)備匯總表與明細(xì)表與否吻合配備合格計(jì)量器具設(shè)立合格計(jì)量器具室設(shè)立合格校準(zhǔn)間編制必要儀表搬運(yùn)、貯存方案儀表設(shè)備出庫(kù)開(kāi)箱驗(yàn)收熟悉制造廠技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)入現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備庫(kù)（建帳、標(biāo)位號(hào)）編制單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)方案技術(shù)交底作原始狀態(tài)和調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程記錄填寫(xiě)校驗(yàn)成績(jī)單告知供貨方退貨制造廠現(xiàn)場(chǎng)服務(wù)標(biāo)記、隔離收資料員存檔熟悉圖紙貼“產(chǎn)品合格”標(biāo)記防護(hù)NYNYNYNNYToverifywhetherthesumequipmentlistmeetsubdrawingsDeployqualifiedmeteringdevicesDeployqualifiedmeteringroomsDeployqualifiedcalibrationroomsroomsPrepareinstrumenthandlingandstorageschemesTotakeoutinstrumentationfromthewarehouseO.B.I.Familiarwithvendorsdoc.Enteringjobsiteequipmentwarehouse(Accountcreationandlabelmarking)ToprepareInst.Calib.SchemeTechnicalinductionTorecordoriginal&adjustingprocessstatusTofillincalibrationrecordsheetToinformthevendorsatonceTore-supplyVendor’sjobsiteserviceMarking&SegregationArchivescreationbydocumenterTostick“ProductQualified”labelInstrumentsprotectionmeasureNYYNToverifywhetherthedesignedinstrumentmeettheprocessrequirements規(guī)定Familiarwithconstructiondrawings5、校準(zhǔn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)辦法及質(zhì)量規(guī)定：CalibrationandTestingMethodologyandtheQualityRequirement:5.1、普通規(guī)定：GeneralRegulationsandRequirements:5.1.1、實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境條件：Conditions：儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)（不含執(zhí)行器）應(yīng)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)進(jìn)行。實(shí)驗(yàn)室應(yīng)具備下列條件：Thecalibrationandtestingworksforinstrumentations(excludingactuatingdevices)shallbeexecutedinthedesignatedcleanlaboratoryrooms.Thelaboratoryroomsshallmeetfollowingconditions:室內(nèi)清潔、安靜，光線充分，無(wú)振動(dòng)，無(wú)對(duì)儀表及線路電磁場(chǎng)干擾。Thelaboratoryroomsshallbeclean，quite，sunlightabundant，withoutvibration，withoutelectronicandmagneticinterferenceforinstrument.室內(nèi)溫度保持在10~35℃。Theambienttemperatureshallbearound10~35℃.電源電壓穩(wěn)定，交流電源及60V以上直流電源電壓波動(dòng)不應(yīng)超過(guò)±10%。60V如下直流電源電壓波動(dòng)不應(yīng)超過(guò)±5%。Thepowersupplyshouldbestable，thevoltagewavesforalternativecurrentpoweranddirectcurrentpowerabove60voltsshouldnotmorethan±10%，fordirectcurrentpowerbelow60voltsshouldnotmorethan±5%.d、氣源應(yīng)清潔、干燥，露點(diǎn)比最低環(huán)境溫度低10℃以上，氣源壓力穩(wěn)定，調(diào)壓設(shè)施完備。Airsourceshouldbeclean，dry，withstableairpressureandwellestablishedregulators.Thedewpointshouldbelower10℃thanthelowestambienttemperature.5.1.2、儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)用原則儀器儀表，應(yīng)具備有效計(jì)量檢定合格證明，其基本誤差絕對(duì)值不適當(dāng)超過(guò)被校準(zhǔn)儀表基本誤差絕對(duì)值1/3。 Thestandardinstrumentsandmetersforinstrumentationcalibrationandtestingshallhaveeffectivemeteringcertificateofconformance.Theabsolutevalueforbasicerrorsshouldnotbemorethanone-thirdoftheabsolutevaluesforbasicerrorsofthecalibratedinstrumentations5.1.3、儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)條件、項(xiàng)目、辦法應(yīng)符合制造廠技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定和設(shè)計(jì)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定，并應(yīng)使用制造廠已提供專(zhuān)用工具和實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備。 Theconditions，items，methodsforinstrumentationcalibrationandtestingshallfullymeetthetechnicalregulationsofvendorsandthedesigndocumentations，andthespecialtoolsandtestingdevicesprovidedbyvendorsshallbeutilized5.1.4、從事校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)工作人員，應(yīng)具備相應(yīng)資質(zhì)和省級(jí)以上化工主管部門(mén)頒發(fā)檢定證件，并能純熟地掌握實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目操作技能，對(duì)的使用、維護(hù)所用計(jì)量器具。 Thestaffsandpersonnelforinstrumentationcalibrationandtestingshallbequalifiedwithcorrespondingcertification，havecalibrationandtestingcertificateissuedbyprovincialgovernmentdepartmentinchargeofpetro-chemicalindustry，beproficientinoperationskillsfortestingitems，properlyuseandmaintainthemeteringdevices5.1.5、單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)應(yīng)在全量程范疇內(nèi)均勻選用，普通不應(yīng)少于5點(diǎn)。 Thecalibrationpointsshallbeevenlyselectedwithinfullrangescope，generallytheselectedpointsshallnotbelessthanfivepoints5.1.6、儀表校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)前應(yīng)對(duì)儀表進(jìn)行外觀檢查，其內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及： Appearanceinspectionforallinstrumentationsshallbeexecutedbeforecalibrationandtesting儀表型號(hào)、規(guī)格、材質(zhì)、防爆級(jí)別等應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定。Type，specification，materialandexplode-proofclassshouldbeaccordedwithdesignrequirement.無(wú)變形、損傷、油漆脫落、零件丟失等缺陷，外形重要尺寸、連接螺紋符合設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)定。Withoutdisfigurementsuchasshapedamage，paintingcoatdamage，accessoriesbeloseetc.Mainsizeofshapeandconnectingscrewthreadshouldbeaccordedwithdesignrequirement.銘牌標(biāo)志、附件、備件齊全。Nameplate，accessoriesandsparepartarewhole.產(chǎn)品技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)和質(zhì)量證明書(shū)齊全。Techno-fileandquantitycertificatearewhole.5.1.7儀表經(jīng)校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)后，應(yīng)達(dá)到下列規(guī)定： Theinstrumentationsaftercalibrationandtestingshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:基本誤差、回差應(yīng)符合儀表容許誤差Basicerrors，returnerrorsshallwithintheallowanceerrorsofinstrumentations.儀表零位對(duì)的，偏差值不超過(guò)容許誤差1/2。 Zeropointofinstrumentsshallbeaccurate.Thediscrepancyvaluesshallnotexceedone-secondoftheallowableerrors.報(bào)警、聯(lián)鎖設(shè)定偏差不超過(guò)儀表容許誤差，其設(shè)定值符合設(shè)計(jì)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定。 Thedeviationvaluesforalarmandinterlocksettingvaluesshallnotexceedtheallowableerrors.Therelatedsettingvaluesshallmeetthedesigndocumentations.指針在整個(gè)行程中無(wú)抖動(dòng)、摩擦和跳動(dòng)現(xiàn)象。 Duringallmeterrangethepointersofinstrumentationshouldbestablewithoutvibration，frictionandjumping.可調(diào)部件應(yīng)留有再調(diào)節(jié)余地。Theadjustablecomponentsshallhavesomeadjustableareaandspace.數(shù)字顯示儀表無(wú)閃爍現(xiàn)象。Noflashingappearancefordigitalindicationinstrumentsshalloccur.記錄儀表劃線或打字應(yīng)清晰，記錄紙移動(dòng)正常。記錄誤差符合儀表精度規(guī)定 Thelineationrecordsortypingshouldbeclearandreadable，themovementsforpapersofrecordersshallbeinnormalconditions.Alloftheerrorsofrecordedvaluesshallmeettheaccuracyrequirementsofinstrument.5.1.8、儀表校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)后，應(yīng)及時(shí)填寫(xiě)校驗(yàn)記錄，并規(guī)定數(shù)據(jù)真實(shí)、項(xiàng)目齊全、筆跡清晰、簽字完備，并在表體明顯位置貼上“產(chǎn)品合格”標(biāo)記和標(biāo)注位號(hào)。Thecalibrationrecordsshallbefilledinontimeaftercalibrationandtesting.Therecordeddatashouldbegenuine，withfullitems，explicithandwritings，completedsignatures.Aftertesting，the“producteligible”labelsshallbestuckontheinstrumentbodies，andtagnumbersalsoshallbemarked5.1.9、校準(zhǔn)合格儀表應(yīng)按公司物質(zhì)貯存程序關(guān)于規(guī)定妥善保管。經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)不合格儀表應(yīng)通報(bào)設(shè)備籌劃員和工號(hào)工程師會(huì)同監(jiān)理、業(yè)主等關(guān)于人員檢查、確認(rèn)后，退庫(kù)解決。 ThequalifiedinstrumentsshallbewellstoredandprotectedasperELECO’sMaterial&EquipmentStorageProcedure.Unqualifiedinstrumentsshallbereportedtoequipmentplanner，fieldengineer，managementsuperviser，andclient，aftertheirinspectionandconfirmationtheinstrumentsshallbesentbacktowarehouseandbeproperlydealedwith.5.2、溫度儀表：TemperatureInstrumentation:5.2.1、雙金屬溫度計(jì)、壓力式溫度計(jì)應(yīng)進(jìn)行示值校準(zhǔn)，普通校驗(yàn)點(diǎn)不少于兩點(diǎn)。 Thebimetalandpressuretypethermometersshallbecalibratedasperdisplayedvalues，generallythetestingpointsshallnotbelessthantwopoints如被校儀表已批示環(huán)境溫度，可將環(huán)境溫度當(dāng)作一種校準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，另取一種點(diǎn)即可。在二個(gè)校準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)中，若有一點(diǎn)不合格，則應(yīng)判被校表不合格。該實(shí)驗(yàn)操作要點(diǎn)是將溫包或雙金屬溫度計(jì)感溫元件與原則水銀溫度計(jì)感溫液置于同一環(huán)境溫度中，注意控制被測(cè)介質(zhì)溫度變化緩慢而均勻。Ifthetestinginstrumentshowstheambienttemperature，theambienttemperatureshallbeselectedasonecalibrationpoint，thenanothertemperaturepointcanbeselectedatyourease.Forthetwoselectedpoints，ifanyoneofthemcannotmeettheaccuracyrequirements，thisinstrumentshallbejudgedunqualified.Theoperationessentialsforthiscalibrationaretomaintainthethermobulbsorthetemperatureelementsandthestandardmerculythermometeratthesameenvironmentaltemperature.Becareoftokeepthetestingmediatemperaturechangeslowlyandevenly.如多支雙金屬溫度計(jì)或壓力式溫度計(jì)同步校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)按正、反順序檢測(cè)兩次，取其平均值。Ifseveralbimetalorpressuretypethermometersarecalibratedsimultaneously，calibrationprocessshallbetwiceasperpositiveandnegativesequences，theaveragevaluescouldbeprocured.5.2.2、熱電偶、熱電阻應(yīng)作導(dǎo)通和絕緣檢查，并應(yīng)進(jìn)行常溫下mv、電阻測(cè)試，普通不再進(jìn)行熱電性能實(shí)驗(yàn)。 Conductivecontinuityandinsulationtestsshallbeundertakenandmv-potentialandresistancetestingatambienttemperatureshallbedone.Generally，thermo-electricalcharacteristictestingwillnotbeexecutedforthermometersthemselves.如業(yè)主堅(jiān)持對(duì)裝置中重要檢測(cè)點(diǎn)和有特殊規(guī)定檢測(cè)點(diǎn)熱電偶、熱電阻進(jìn)行熱電性能實(shí)驗(yàn)，原則上不超過(guò)總量10%。Iftheclientrequirestoexecutethermo-electricalcharacteristictestingforimportantandspecificmeasuringpointsofthermocoupleandresistancetemperaturediode，theamountoftestingshouldnotexceedtenpercentofgross.熱電偶、熱電阻熱電特性容許誤差分別見(jiàn)表1、表2。Allowableerrorofthermocoupleandresistancecharacteristicisflowingtable1and2慣用熱電偶容許誤差表表一： AllowableerrorofgeneralthermocoupleTable1分度號(hào)graduationnumber級(jí)別class使用溫度范疇（℃）rangeofusingtemperature允許偏差（℃）allowableerror技術(shù)原則號(hào)standardcodeSⅠ0~1100±1JJG141-831100~1600±[1+(t-1100)×0.003]Ⅱ0~600±1.5600~1600±0.25%tKⅠ-40~1100±1.5℃或±0.75%tGB2614-85Ⅱ-40~1300±2.5或±0.4%tⅢ-200~40±2.5或±1.5%tEⅠ-40~800±1.5或±0.4%tGB4993-85Ⅱ-40~900±2.5或±0.75%tⅢ-200~40±2.5或±1.5%tTⅠ-40~350±0.5或±0.4%tGB2903-82Ⅱ-40~350±1.0或±0.75%tⅢ-200~40±1.0或±1.5%tJⅠ-40~750±1.5或±0.4%tGB4994-85Ⅱ-40~750±2.5或±0.75%t注：①、t為被測(cè)溫度；②、容許偏差以℃或?qū)嶋H溫度百分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)，應(yīng)采用其中計(jì)算數(shù)值較大值（分度號(hào)為S熱電偶除外）。Note：①、tistemperaturebemeasured；②、Allowableerrorisdenotebymeansof℃orpercentofpracticalityrealtemperature（exceptforthermocouplewhichgraduationnumberisS）慣用熱電阻容許誤差值A(chǔ)llowableerrorofgeneralresistance表二：table2名稱(chēng)name級(jí)別class分度號(hào)R0（Ω）容許誤差（℃）allowableerror鉑熱電阻resistancemadeofplatinumA級(jí)ClassAPt1010±(0.15+0.002|t|)Pt100100±(0.15+0.002|t|)B級(jí)ClassBPt1010±(0.30+0.005|t|)Pt100100±(0.30+0.005|t|)銅熱電阻resistancemadeofcopperCu5050±(0.30+0.006|t|)Cu100100±(0.30+0.006|t|)注：①、R0為0℃時(shí)原則電阻；②、t為被測(cè)溫度；Note：①、R0isstandardresistancevalueatthetemperatureis0℃②、tisthetemperaturethatbemeasured5.2.3、動(dòng)圈儀表校驗(yàn)應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Testofwind-movedinstrumentshouldbeaccordedwithflowingrequirementa、儀表實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目應(yīng)涉及：示值基本誤差、回差、傾斜誤差、設(shè)定點(diǎn)偏差。配熱電偶動(dòng)圈儀表還應(yīng)進(jìn)行“斷偶保護(hù)”實(shí)驗(yàn)。Testingitemincludebasicerror，returnerror，gradienterror，settingvalueerror.Thewind-movedinstrumentmountedthermocoupleshouldbetestedthatdisconnectthermocouple.b、配熱電偶動(dòng)圈校驗(yàn)時(shí)，在測(cè)量回路中應(yīng)加儀表規(guī)定外阻±0.1Ω外接電阻，配熱電阻動(dòng)圈儀表應(yīng)做三個(gè)外接電阻同增同減示值誤差實(shí)驗(yàn)。如附加誤差很小，經(jīng)業(yè)主批準(zhǔn)可取消外接電阻，但校準(zhǔn)時(shí)從原則電阻箱到儀表連接應(yīng)選用同截面、同長(zhǎng)度多股銅芯塑料線。Connecttheallowableresistancethatitserroris±0.1Ωintestingloopwhentestforthewind-movedinstrumentmountedthermocouple，andtestfor3times.Disconnecttheexcessresistanceapprovedbyowneriftheerrorisverysmall，butmulticopper-coreplasticwirewhichsamesectionareaandsamelengthshouldbeusedwherestandardresistanceboxtoinstrument.c、傾斜誤差實(shí)驗(yàn)在上限值、下限值兩個(gè)刻度線上進(jìn)行，但對(duì)有前置放大器儀表，可在量程10%、90%兩點(diǎn)附近進(jìn)行。傾斜角度為50~100，傾斜方向?yàn)榍?、后、左、右四個(gè)方向，傾斜誤差規(guī)定不太于儀表容許誤差。Testofgradienterroratmin.valueandmax.value，andtestatabout10%and90%rangefortheinstrumentmountedpreamplifier.Gradientangleis50~100anddirectionisfront,behind，left，andright，theerrordon’tbiggerthanallowance.設(shè)定點(diǎn)偏差實(shí)驗(yàn)應(yīng)在相稱(chēng)于標(biāo)尺弧長(zhǎng)10%、50%、90%附近刻度線上進(jìn)行，也可以依照設(shè)計(jì)提供聯(lián)鎖、報(bào)警值實(shí)驗(yàn)。設(shè)定點(diǎn)偏差應(yīng)不不不大于儀表容許誤差。Testofsettingvalueerroratabout10%、50%、and90%ofstaffguagearc-length，andalsoatinterlockvalueandalarmvaluethatprovidedbydesign.theerrordon’tbiggerthanallowance.5.2.4、數(shù)字溫度批示調(diào)節(jié)儀：figuretemperatureshowregulator儀表實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目應(yīng)涉及：批示基本誤差、穩(wěn)定度誤差、設(shè)定點(diǎn)誤差及PID特性實(shí)驗(yàn)等。Testingitemincludebasicerror，stabilizationerror，settingvalueerrorandPIDcharacteristictestetc.批示基本誤差實(shí)驗(yàn)宜采用輸入基準(zhǔn)法校準(zhǔn)，但需重復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)兩次，取其最大差值作為被校儀表在該點(diǎn)誤差。Testfordisplaybasicerrorbymeansofinputbenchmarkandtakebiggervalueaserroratthevalueofthetestedinstrumentaftertestfortwotimes.儀表穩(wěn)定度實(shí)驗(yàn)涉及顯示波動(dòng)量和示值漂移量測(cè)定，做為評(píng)價(jià)儀表品質(zhì)參數(shù)，普通儀表顯示波動(dòng)量不得不不大于其辨別力，1小時(shí)內(nèi)示值漂移量不得不不大于儀表容許誤差1/4。Testofstabilizationincludemeasurethedisplayfluctuantvalueandshowvalueexcursion.Thedisplayfluctuantvaluenotbiggerthandistinguishandshowvalueexcursionnotbiggerthan25%ofallowableerrorinonehour.帶調(diào)節(jié)功能儀表，應(yīng)在量程10%、50%、90%附近，實(shí)驗(yàn)校準(zhǔn)設(shè)定點(diǎn)偏差及比例積分微分功能檢定，設(shè)定點(diǎn)偏差應(yīng)不不不大于儀表容許誤差，實(shí)際比例帶應(yīng)在刻度值±25%范疇內(nèi)，積分時(shí)間固定儀表，實(shí)際積分時(shí)間應(yīng)在（1±0.5）Ti范疇內(nèi)。積分微分時(shí)間可調(diào)儀表，實(shí)際積分微分時(shí)間與積分微分時(shí)間刻度值容許偏差為±50%。TestforsettingvalueerrorandPIDfunctionshouldatabout10%,50%,and90%ofrangewhentestforinstrumentwithadjustfunction.Thesettingvalueerrornotbiggerthanallowance，andrealproportionrangeshouldin±25%ofscale.Therealintegraltimeshouldin（1±0.5）Tirangefortheinstrumentthatintegraltimeissettled.TherealIDtimeallowableerroris±50%rangeofscalefortheinstrumentthatIDtimeisbeadjusted.5.2.5、溫度變送器：TemperatureTransmitter:a、按照儀表銘牌標(biāo)志輸入、輸出信號(hào)范疇和類(lèi)型進(jìn)行輸入、輸出特性校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)，其校準(zhǔn)接線辦法應(yīng)符合制造廠技術(shù)文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定。Thecalibrationandtestingofinputandoutputsignalrangesandstylesfortemperaturetransmittersshallbeexecutedaspertheinstrumentnameplatemarks.Thecalibration，testingandterminationmethodologyshallmeetvendorstechnicaldocumentations’requirements.b、與感溫元件一體化溫變校準(zhǔn)和實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，應(yīng)斷開(kāi)感溫元件，并由此輸入模仿信號(hào)。DisconnectthesensorelementandinputanalogsignalswhentestforthesensorintegrativewithtemperatureTransmitter：5.2.6、電子電位差及電子平衡電橋：Electricalpotentiometerandelectricalbalancebridge檢查儀表可動(dòng)某些，并向同步電機(jī)、可逆電機(jī)、減速箱、切換開(kāi)關(guān)和各軸承注油。Inspecttheinstrumentmovabilitypart，andfillingoiltosynchronousmotor，contradictorilymotor，speed-downbox，changerswitchandbearing.給儀表通電30分鐘后，調(diào)節(jié)儀表敏捷度，致使指針擺動(dòng)兩個(gè)半周期后穩(wěn)定，然后，進(jìn)行刻度校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)。Atfirst，poweroninstrumentfor30minutes，adjustdelicacyinordertomakefingertostabilizationafterfingerswingtwoandhalfcyclethenadjustscale多點(diǎn)儀表應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)至數(shù)碼或顏色與切換開(kāi)關(guān)和接線端子編號(hào)一致。Numbercodeorcolorsamewithnumbercodeofchangerswitchandterminalformulti-pointinstrument5.3、壓力儀表：PressureInstrumentation:5.3.1、彈簧壓力表校準(zhǔn)：CalibrationforSpringPressureGauge:普通彈簧壓力表校準(zhǔn)宜用活塞壓力計(jì)加壓，被試儀表應(yīng)與原則壓力表或原則砝碼相比較。當(dāng)使用砝碼時(shí)，應(yīng)在砝碼旋轉(zhuǎn)狀況下讀數(shù)。Generallypistonpressuretestingbenchandgaugeshallbeutilizedforcalibrationforspringpressuregauges.Thetesting，standardpressuregaugeandstandardweightsshallbecompared.Thereadingnumbersshallbeprocuredduringfreerotationstatusofstandardweights.b、校驗(yàn)真空壓力表時(shí)，應(yīng)用真空泵產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓，被校表與原則真空表或原則液柱壓力計(jì)比較。Forvacuumpressuregauges，minuspressureshallbeproducedwithvacuumpump，thecalibratedgaugesshallbecomparedwiththestandardvacuumgaugeorstandardcolumnmanometer.禁油壓力表校驗(yàn)時(shí)，禁止壓力表與油接觸，滿(mǎn)量程不大于1.6Mpa儀表校準(zhǔn)宜采用氣壓，而滿(mǎn)量程不不大于1.6Mpa儀表校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)加裝油、水隔離器，其構(gòu)造如圖所示：Itisprohibitthatpressuregaugestouchoilwhentestforoil-preventpressuregauges.Airpressureshouldbeprovidedwhentestforinstrumentthatfullrangelessthan1.6Mpa，Oil/waterseparatorshouldbeprovidedwhentestforinstrumentthatfullrangebiggerthan1.6Mpa，thestructureofseparatorisflowingdrawing油油水壓力計(jì)接頭視被校表連接螺紋而定接氧用表M20×1.5接活塞式壓力計(jì)200100真空壓力表壓力某些校驗(yàn)點(diǎn)不應(yīng)少于三點(diǎn)，其中真空某些校驗(yàn)點(diǎn)不少于兩點(diǎn)，但壓力某些測(cè)量上限值超過(guò)0.3Mpa時(shí)，真空某些可只校一點(diǎn)。 Thecalibrationpointsforpressurerangespanofvacuumgaugesshallnotbelessthanthreepoints，thecalibrationpointsforvacuumrangespanofvacuumgaugesshallnotbelessthantwopoints.Ifthehighlimitvaluesofpressurerangespanexceed0.3mega-pascals，onecalibrationpointcouldbetestedforvacuumrangespan.e、彈簧壓力表校準(zhǔn)過(guò)程中如需啟封調(diào)節(jié)，校準(zhǔn)合格儀表應(yīng)重新鉛封。Iftheleadsealingneedtoberemovedduringcalibrationprocessforspringpressuregauges，newleadsealingneedtobeaddedafterinstrumentationcalibrationwhichmeetrequirements.5.3.2、微壓計(jì)在指值校準(zhǔn)前應(yīng)先進(jìn)行傾斜誤差實(shí)驗(yàn)（傾斜角度為50）和機(jī)械零位調(diào)節(jié)。Tilterrortesting，fivedegreesangleofinclinationandmechanicalzeropointadjustingformicromanometersbeforedisplaycalibrationandtestingshallbeexecuted.5.3.3、電動(dòng)壓力變送器（電Ⅲ型）：ElectronicPressureTransmitter(style-Ⅲ)：a、基本誤差（容許誤差），回差調(diào)校按下圖配線、配氣，并通電預(yù)熱不少于15分鐘，Calibrationandtestingforfundamentalerrorsorallowableerrorsandreturnerrorsshallbeterminated，suppliedwithair，poweredandperheadednotlessthanfifteenminutes(seefollowingdrawing).數(shù)字電壓表（0.05級(jí)）數(shù)字電壓表（0.05級(jí)）250Ω250Ω電阻0.1級(jí)壓力信號(hào)發(fā)生器手持通訊機(jī)0.25級(jí)壓力變送器24VDC24VDC電源Portable(smart)CommunicatorPortable(smart)CommunicatorPressuresignalgeneratorDigitalVoltageMeter(Class-0.05）250ΩResistance(Class-0.1)24VDCPowerSupplyPressureXTR.(Class-0.25)b基本誤差校準(zhǔn)前應(yīng)先調(diào)好零點(diǎn)和量程，然后依次做上升和下降五點(diǎn)校準(zhǔn)。Zeropointandspanadjustmentshallbedonebeforecalibrationforbasicerror，thenevenlyascendinganddescendingfivepointscalibrationshallbeundertakensequentially.c、智能變送器單臺(tái)儀表校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)，當(dāng)采用模仿信號(hào)法校準(zhǔn)后，還通過(guò)手持通訊器實(shí)驗(yàn)其操作功能Forcalibrationandtestingofsinglesmarttransmitter，functionaltestingwithportarblecommunicatorshallbeundertakenaftercalibrationofanalogsignalmethodd、變送器應(yīng)進(jìn)行氣密性檢查，將額定工作壓力加入變送器測(cè)量室，再切斷壓力源，用壓力表觀測(cè)氣密性。在前10分鐘內(nèi)容許壓力值稍有變動(dòng)，在后5分鐘內(nèi)壓力下降不得超過(guò)額定工作壓力2%Airtightnessinspectionshallbeundertaken.Firstsupplyratingpressureairintosensingandmeasuringchamberoftransmitter，thenswitchoffpressuresource，inspectairtightnessviaonepressuregauge.Withinfirsttenminutes，certainpressurefluctuationshallbeallowed，pressuredeclinationshallnotexceed2%ofratingpressurewithinfollowingfiveminutes.5.3.4、氣動(dòng)壓力變送器：Airpressuretransmittera、基本誤差校準(zhǔn)前應(yīng)先調(diào)好零點(diǎn)和量程，然后依次做上升和下降五點(diǎn)校準(zhǔn)。Adjustmentofzeropointandspanshallbedonebeforecalibrationforbasicerror，thenascendinganddescendingfivepointscalibrationshallbeundertaken.b、變送器應(yīng)進(jìn)行氣密性檢查，將額定工作壓力加入變送器測(cè)量室，再切斷壓力源，用壓力表觀測(cè)氣密性。在前10分鐘內(nèi)容許壓力值稍有變動(dòng)，在后5分鐘內(nèi)壓力下降不得超過(guò)額定工作壓力2%Airtightnessinspectionshallbeundertaken.Firstsupplyratingpressureintosensingandmeasuringchamberoftransmitter，thenswitchoffpressuresource，inspectairtightnessviaonepressuregauge.Withinfirsttenminutes，certainpressurefluctuationshallbeallowed，pressuredeclinationshallnotexceed2%ofratingpressurewithinfollowingfiveminutes.變送器輸出信號(hào)由0~0.16Mpa，0.25級(jí)原則壓力表或0~2Mpa，0.1級(jí)數(shù)字壓力表檢測(cè)。Outputsignaloftransmittershouldbemonitoredby0~0.16Mpa，0.25classstandardpressuregaugeor0~2Mpa，0.1classfigurepressuregauge.5.3.5、壓力開(kāi)關(guān)：Pressureswith依照《儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書(shū)》查出被試儀表動(dòng)作整定值。Switchingsetpointsforpressureswitchesshallbecheckedasperdesignedspecificationofinstrumentation.b、選用恰當(dāng)壓力信號(hào)源向被試表加壓，并用量程恰當(dāng)原則壓力計(jì)檢測(cè)信號(hào)壓力，用萬(wàn)用表測(cè)量接點(diǎn)通、斷狀態(tài)。Suitablepressuresignalsourceshallbeconnectedwiththetestinginstruments，thenstandardmanometerwithsuitablerangeshallbeusedtomeasuresignalpressure，itsconnectionandunconnectionstatusshallbemeasuredviamultimeter.高報(bào)開(kāi)關(guān)，應(yīng)從低向高緩慢升壓，觀測(cè)萬(wàn)用表，當(dāng)萬(wàn)用表批示突變時(shí)，原則壓力表達(dá)值即高報(bào)值；再緩慢下降壓力。當(dāng)萬(wàn)用表批示再次突變時(shí)，原則壓力表達(dá)值即復(fù)位值。Forhighlimitalarmswitches，pressureshallbeincreasedgradually，examinewithmultimeter.Whilethemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenly，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallbehighlimitalarm.Thendecreasepressuregradually，whenthemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenlyagain，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallberestorationvalue.d、對(duì)低報(bào)開(kāi)關(guān)，應(yīng)先將實(shí)驗(yàn)壓力升至設(shè)定值以上，再緩慢下降，當(dāng)萬(wàn)用表批示突變時(shí)，原則壓力表達(dá)值即低報(bào)值；再緩慢加壓，當(dāng)萬(wàn)用表批示再次突變時(shí)，原則壓力表達(dá)值即復(fù)位值Forlowlimitalarmswitches，pressureshallbeincreasedgraduallyabovesetpointvalue,thendecreaseslowlyandexaminewithmultimeter.Whilethemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenly，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallbelowlimitalarm.Thenincreasepressuregradually，whenthemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenlyagain，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallberestorationvalue.5.4、流量?jī)x表：FlowInstrumentation:5.4.1、差壓變送器：DifferentialPressureTransmitter:儀表差壓范疇?wèi)?yīng)以《孔板計(jì)算書(shū)》為準(zhǔn)。ThedifferentialpressurerangeforinstrumentshallbeverifiedasperOrificeCalculationSheet.校準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目含基本誤差、回程誤差和測(cè)量室密封檢查。Standardcalibrationitemsshallincludebasicerrors，returnerrorsandsealinginspectionofsensingchambers.校準(zhǔn)辦法，電動(dòng)差壓變送器同電動(dòng)壓力變送器，氣動(dòng)差壓變送器同氣動(dòng)壓力變送器。Calibrationmethodshallbeasfollows：electronicdifferentialpressuretransmitterssameaselectronicpressuretransmitters，pneumaticdifferentialpressuretransmitterssameaspneumaticpressuretransmitters.5.4.2、轉(zhuǎn)子流量計(jì)、電磁流量計(jì)、質(zhì)量流量計(jì)、超聲流量計(jì)、渦街流量計(jì)、靶式流量計(jì)、均速管流量計(jì)和容積流量計(jì)等應(yīng)核定出廠檢定報(bào)告和出廠合格證。當(dāng)合格證和檢定報(bào)告在有效期內(nèi)時(shí)，可不再進(jìn)行精度校準(zhǔn)，但應(yīng)通電或通氣檢查各部件工作與否正常。Forotherflowinstrumentslikefloatflow-meters，electronicflow-meters，massflow-meters，supersonicflow-meters，turbine&vortexflow-meters，targetflow-meters，annubarflow-meters，displacementflow-meters，etc.，thefactorycalibrationandinspectionreportsandthecertificatesofconformitypreparedbyvendorsshallbeverified.Ifthefactorycalibrationandinspectionreportsandthecertificatesofconformityarestillintheperiodofvalidity，accuracycalibrationcouldbeleaveoutwhilepoweringandpneumaticinspectionshallbeundertaken.帶遠(yuǎn)傳功能，應(yīng)做模仿實(shí)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)合格證及出廠檢定報(bào)告超過(guò)有效期時(shí)，應(yīng)重新進(jìn)行計(jì)量標(biāo)定，但依照關(guān)于文獻(xiàn)規(guī)定，標(biāo)定工作應(yīng)由業(yè)主負(fù)責(zé)，施工單位予以配合。Analogtestingforinstrumentswithremotefunctionsshallbeundertaken.Oncethefactorycalibrationandinspectionreportsandthecertificatesofconformityarebeyondtheperiodofvalidity，theseflowinstrumentsshallberecalibratedandretested.Asperassociatedtradestipulationsandregulationsofdocuments，thispartofworksshallberesponsiblebytheclient，assistantbythesubcontractor.5.5、物位儀表：LevelInstrumentation:5.5.1、單、雙法差壓變送器校準(zhǔn)：CalibrationandtestingforsingleordualflangetypeDPtransmitters校驗(yàn)辦法、項(xiàng)目基本同壓力、差壓變送器，此外尚需考慮ThecalibrationandtestingmethodologyanditemsforsingleordualflangetypeDPtransmittersareassameasthoseofpressuretransmittersandDPtransmitters.Inaddition，followingitemsshallbetakeintoconsideration:ⅰ、依照《儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書(shū)》認(rèn)真核算變送器量程；TherangesoftransmittersshallbecalculatedandverifiedasperSpecificationSheetofInstrumentation.ⅱ、制作校驗(yàn)用輔助設(shè)施；Manufacturingauxiliarydevicesforcalibrationandtesting.ⅲ、考慮遷移并計(jì)算遷移量。Consideringrangeshiftandcalculatingshiftingvalues.電動(dòng)法蘭差壓變送器校準(zhǔn)可按下圖連接。校準(zhǔn)時(shí)可把“+”、“-”壓法蘭置同一平面，也可以模仿現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝把“-”法蘭升高到與“+”法蘭設(shè)計(jì)高差。前者應(yīng)在“+”壓側(cè)加負(fù)遷移信號(hào)后調(diào)零，而后者可直接調(diào)零。Thecalibrationandtestingplanshallbeasfollowingprograms：the+flangeand–flangecouldbeplacedatthesameelevationorplacedatcertainelevationsimulatingworksiteinstallationconditionsthroughraising+flangetodesignedelecation，zeropointcalibrationshallbeexecutedafterminusshiftingsignalsareaddedto+flanges，whileforlatterconditionszeropointcouldbeadjusteddirectly.壓力信號(hào)發(fā)生器（0壓力信號(hào)發(fā)生器（0.05級(jí)）-+250Ω原則電阻0.1級(jí)24VDC電源變送器變送器法蘭精密數(shù)字電壓表（0.25級(jí)）自備校驗(yàn)用法蘭--+PressureSignalGenerator(0.05）PrecisionDigitalVoltageMeter（Class-0.1）250Ωstandardresistance(C-0.1）24VDCPowerDPTransmitterXTR.FlangeMatingFlange5.5.2、浮筒液位變送器：a、內(nèi)浮筒液位計(jì)宜采用干校法（掛重法）校準(zhǔn)，即將液面所處位置如0%、25%、75%、100%浮子自身重量減其所受浮力之差值，G1、G2、G3、G4、G5掛在浮筒變送器連桿上，然后對(duì)輸出進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。Drycalibrationorhangingweightscalibrationmethodshallbeutilizedforcalibrationandtestingworksforinteriordisplacerleveltransmitters.TheoutputofTransmittersshallbeadjustedthroughrespectivelyhangingweightsofG1，G2，G3，G4，G5whicharecalculatedaspertheirdifferencesbetweenweightsandbuoyancyforcescorrespondingtotheheightsofdisplacerof0%，25%，50%，75%，100%.外浮筒液位（界位）計(jì)宜采用灌液法（水校法），其校準(zhǔn)采用如圖所示辦法。 Hydrauliccalibrationorpouringliquidcalibrationmethodshallbeutilizedforcalibrationandtestingworksforexteriordisplacerleveltransmitters.ccaabpefHa.手操壓力泵（西安儀表廠產(chǎn)）；b.密閉小容器（自己制作）c.容器加水口（3/4”NPT絲堵）d.浮筒變送器e.透明軟管液位批示計(jì)f.1/4”球閥用手操壓力泵或氣動(dòng)定值器給密閉容器加壓，由于P存在使水經(jīng)球閥上升浮筒內(nèi)H高度，緩慢加壓泄壓，便可控制H值高度。a.Pressurepumpoperatedbymanual（providedbyxi’aninstrumentfactory）；b.sealedsmallvesselc.fillwater（3/4”NPTthreadblock）d.floattransmitterse.transparentflexibletubelevelindicatorf.1/4”ballvalue用手操壓力泵或氣動(dòng)定值器給密閉容器加壓，由于P存在使水經(jīng)球閥上升浮筒內(nèi)H高度，緩慢加壓泄壓，便可控制H值高度。Inputairtosealedvesselbypressurepumpoperatedbymanualorpneumaticsetvaluedevice，DuetohaspressureinvesselsothatcontrolhighofH.采用水代替設(shè)計(jì)介質(zhì)校準(zhǔn)浮筒液位計(jì)時(shí)，灌液高度計(jì)算公式是：h=(P介/P水)×H×XWhenusingwaterascalibrationmediafordisplacerliquidleveltransmitters，thecalculationformularforheightofwatershallbe:h=(ρm/ρwater)×H×X采用水代替設(shè)計(jì)介質(zhì)校準(zhǔn)浮筒界位計(jì)時(shí)，灌液高度計(jì)算工時(shí)：h=P輕/P水*H+(P重-P輕)/P水*H*XWhenusingwaterascalibrationmediaasreplacementfordisplacermassboundaryleveltransmitters，thecalculationformularforheightofwatershallbe:h=ρl/ρwater*H+(ρh-ρl)/ρwater*H*X式中：h為被?？潭裙嘁焊叨龋籜為被校刻度比例；hshallbetheheightoffillingwater，Xshallbethepercentageofcalculatedscale.P介為設(shè)計(jì)介質(zhì)介質(zhì)密度（查儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書(shū)可得）；ρmshallbethedensityofprocessmediafromSpecificationofInstrumentation.P水為水密度（1000kg/m3）ρwatershallbethedensityofwater(1000kg/m3).H為浮筒最高液位；Hshallbehighestlevelofdisplacer.P重為設(shè)計(jì)重液密度（查儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書(shū)可得）；ρhshallbethedensityofheavymediafromSpecificationofInstrumentation.P輕為設(shè)計(jì)輕液密度（查儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書(shū)可得）；ρlshallbethedensityoflightmediafromSpecificationofInstrumentation.5.5.3、浮球式液位變送器：Floatballleveltransmittersa、氣割一片可與儀表法蘭連接簡(jiǎn)易特制法蘭，將其焊接在預(yù)制平臺(tái)一角，模仿安裝被校儀表，并向儀表供電（氣），此時(shí)儀表應(yīng)指“零”，否則應(yīng)調(diào)“零”。Makeafacilityflangethatconnectwithflangeofinstrument，andjointatcornerofpre-makeplatroofandsimulateinstalltestedinstrument，supplyairorpowertoinstrumentandindicatorofinstrumentshouldbe”zero”b、平緩操作平衡桿使浮球上移，當(dāng)平衡桿處在水平狀態(tài)時(shí)，儀表輸出應(yīng)為50%，否則應(yīng)調(diào)量程。Operatethebalancingpoleslowlyandmakefloatballmovedgoup，outputofinstrumentis50%whenthebalancingpoleathorizontalposition，otherwiserangeshouldbeadjusted.c、如此重復(fù)實(shí)驗(yàn)，直至示值誤差符合容許誤差規(guī)定。Testfortimesuntiltheindicatevalueerrorshouldbeaccordedwithallowance.d、平衡桿由水平位置再繼續(xù)上移，輸出信號(hào)應(yīng)均勻上升，當(dāng)輸出信號(hào)達(dá)100%時(shí)，測(cè)量由平衡桿移動(dòng)角度應(yīng)為11.50。Movethebalancingpolefromhorizontalpositionsothatmaketheoutputsignalriseuniformity，theanglethatbalancingpolemoveis11.50whentheoutputsignalis100%.e、檢查平衡桿與浮球連接必要緊固，無(wú)松動(dòng)，防松配件齊全。Theconnectionofbalancingpoleandfloatballmusttighten，andloose-prooffittingsiswhole.5.5.4、貯罐液位計(jì)、料面計(jì)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)不具備單臺(tái)校準(zhǔn)條件，因而，在安裝邁進(jìn)行外觀檢查外，還應(yīng)通電檢查批示和變送某些，確認(rèn)其基本功能與否完好。Onjobsitetheconditionsfortankgaugesandlevelgaugescannotmeetthecalibrationrequirements，butappearanceinspection，poweringinspectionshallbeexecutedforindicationfunctionandtransmitterpartstoascertainwellfunctionofinstruments.5.5.5、放射性同位素液位計(jì)校準(zhǔn)見(jiàn)《放射性同位素液位計(jì)校準(zhǔn)、安裝方案》，此不再敘。CalibrationandtestingforradioisotopelevelgaugespleaserefertotheCalibrationandInstallationSchemeforRadioisotopeLevelGaugesfordetails.5.5.6、超聲波物位計(jì)校準(zhǔn)時(shí)，通電后液晶顯示板及狀態(tài)批示燈工作應(yīng)正常，參數(shù)設(shè)立開(kāi)關(guān)應(yīng)符合工藝測(cè)量規(guī)定。Forcalibrationofsupersoniclevelgauges，LEDorliquid-crystaldisplayandindicationlightsshallfunctionnormally.Thesettingparametersforswitchesshallmeetprocessrequirements.5.5.7、浮球式液位開(kāi)關(guān)安裝前校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)用手平緩操作浮球，使其上、下移動(dòng)，觀測(cè)微動(dòng)開(kāi)關(guān)動(dòng)作，并用萬(wàn)用表監(jiān)測(cè)接點(diǎn)通斷。Forcalibrationoffloattypelevelswitchesbeforeinstallation，thefloatsshal