2024屆江蘇高三開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷（解析版）

2024屆新高三開(kāi)學(xué)摸底考試卷（江蘇專用）01

英語(yǔ)

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮

擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在

試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀

一遍。

l.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?

A.Gotoanothertheatre.B.Gobackhome.C.Changelines.

【答案】C

【原文】

Text1

W:Oh,thislineisforticketstothewrongshow.

M:We,dbettermovetotheotherline.

2.Howwillthemangettotheairport?

A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bycar.

【答案】B

【原文】

W:Willyoudrivetotheairporttomorrow?

M:Whataboutmycar?Idon,twanttoleaveittherelong.I,llprobablytakeataxi.

3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inahospital.B.Atarestaurant.C.Inalibrary.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:TomorrowI,llbringyousomebooks.Isthereanythingspecialyou,dliketoeat?

W:Idon'tfeellikereadingoreating,butbuymyhairbn?shonyourwayhere.

4.Whatdidthewomando?

A.Wentabroad.B.Wentonaholiday.C.Movedherhouse.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Didyoumove?Iwenttoplaywithyouseveraltimes,buttherewasnobodyandallthefurniturewascovered

withwhitecloth.

W:No,Ijustspentmyholidayinthecountryside.Theairiscleaner,andIhelpedmymomwithhouseworkduring

theharvest.

5.What,stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Sisterandbrother.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Friends.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Whatareyoudoing,Mary?

W:Γmwritingalettertomydad.

M:Aren,tyougoingtothecinemawithme?

W:Yes,ofcourse.Γllbereadyinafewminutes.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳

選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀每個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽(tīng)完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至8題。

6.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Saveaseatforher.B.Buyaticketforher.C.Sitbesideher.

7.Whydidn,tthemandoit?

A.Hetotallyforgotit.B.Hewouldn,tliketodoit.C.Someonedidn,tallowhimtodoit.

8.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheresult?

A.Upset.B.Nothing.C.Angry.

【答案】6.A7.C8.B

【原文】

M:You,regoingtobeverydisappointedwithme.

W:Whatmakesyousaythat?

M:Well,rememberIwassupposedtosaveyouaseat?

W:Yes.

M:Well,er...I,mafraidIwasn,tabletodoit.

W:Oh?Whynot?

M:Thetruthis,Itriedbuttheusherwouldn'tletme.

W:Isee.

M:Ifeelbad.Afterall,youwerecountingonmetosaveit.

W:Takeiteasy.Thesethingsoftenhappen.

M:Youaren,tupset?

W:No,that,sOK.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至11題。

9.What,stheboydoingwhentheconversationtakesplace?

A.Sleeping.B.Dressingup.C.Havingbreakfast.

10.Whattimedoesschoolbegin?

A.At7:00.B.At7:15.C.At7:30.

ILWhatfoodwon,ttheboyhaveforhisbreakfast?

A.Rice.B.Milk.C.Bread.

【答案】9.A10.C11.A

【原文】

W:Whyareyoustillinbed,Charlie?Getuprightaway,oryouwillbelateforschool.

M:Letmesleepalittlelonger.I,mtootired.

W:No,youcan,tsleepanymore.Ifstoolate.

M:Toolate?Whattimeisitnow?

W:It,ssevennow.Youhaveonlythirtyminuteslefttogettoschool.

M:Oh,whatshall1do?HowcanIgettoschoolsosoon?

W:Dressyourselfquickly.Andhereisabottleofmilkandsomebreadforyourbreak-fast.Γlltakeyoutoschool

inmycar.

M:Oh,thankyou,mom.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12至14題。

12.Whatisthemangoingtodo?

A.Tofinishthepieceofcigarette.

B.Togiveupsmoking.

C.Tostoptosmoke.

13.Whydoesthemanwanttodoit?

A.Forhishealth.B.Tosavemuchmoney.C.Forsomebodyaroundhim.

14.What,stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Bossandsecretary.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Friends.

【答案】∣2.BI3,B14,C

【原文】

M:Mary,I,mgoingtostopsmokingwhenIfinishthispackofcigarettes.

W:Goodforyou,Bob,butwhyareyoutellingme?

M:Tohelpmestop.

W:Whydoyouwanttostop?1thoughtyoulikedtosmoke.

M:Ido.Butit,sgettingsoexpensiveandnowIhavetosavealotofmoneyformyson'sschooling.

W:I,llhelpyouquit.Wheneveryouwantacigarette,callme,andΓlltakeyourmindoffit.

M:Thanks,Mary.Γlldoit.

W:Bob,whydon,tyoustoprightnow?Youdon,thavetosmoketherestofthepack.

M:Ijustboughtit.Idon,twanttowastemymoney.Γllcallyoutomorrow.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15至17題。

15.Whatisthenewproductusedtodo?

A.Dosomehousework.B.Settlefamilyproblems.C.Managemoneymatters.

16.Whatistherobotprogrammedtodo?

A.Shoppingandfiguring.B.Repairingandguarding.C.Cleaningandwashing.

17.Howdoesthewomanthinkoftheproduct?

A.It,stooexpensive.B.Ifssafeenough.C.It,sworthbuying.

【答案】15.A16.C17.A

【原文】

W:Hello,Mr.Tompkins.Ournewspaperwillcarrysomeinformationaboutnewproducts.Now,willyoutellus

aboutthenewhomeyourcompanyhasbuilt?Itpromisestobeamodelfor（hehousesofthefuture.

M:Certainly.TheideaisnottohaveahousefullOfdifferentthings.Thisisacompletehomesystem.Itwillmake

people'sliveseasier.

W:OK!Sotellmehowthishousewillmakemylifeeasier?

M:Whenyouarriveatthefrontdoor,youwon,tneedakey.Thedoorwillopenwithatouchofyourfinger.You,Il

beabletocallyourrefi*igeratorwhenyou,reintheSupennarketandfindouthowmuchyouneedtobuy.Isn,tit

wonderful?

W:CanIcallthewashingmachineaswell?

M:Sure.Butyouwon,tneedto.Thehouseconieswitharobot.Itisprogrammedtodocleaningandwashing.

W:Andwhat,sthepriceofthenewhome?

M:Amilliondollars.

W:Amilliondollars!Itwillbethe22ndcenturybeforeIcanaffordone!

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkoftakingvitaminpills?

A.Itgivespartofthevitaminsweneed.

B.Itgivesallthevitaminsweneed.

C.Itisawasteofmoney.

19.Whatcanweknowfromthespeaker?

A.VegetablescontainvitaminC.

B.Ourdietcouldn,tprovideuswithenoughvitamins.

C.Westernpeopletakeextravitaminsinpillform.

20.WhatshouldWedoifWewanttokeephealthy?

A.Eatproperly.B.Eatanappleaday.C.Eatslowlyandcarefully.

【答案】18.C19.A20.A

【原文】

W:Yourbody,whichhascloserelationswiththefoodyoueat,isthemostimportantthingyouown,soitneeds

propertreatmentandpropernourishment.Theoldsaying“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway"isnotassilly

assomepeoplethink.ThebodyneedsfruitsandvegetablesbecausetheycontainvitaminC.

Manypeoplelakeextravitaminsinpillform,believingthatthesewillmakethemhealthy.Butagooddietis

madeupofnourishingfoodandthisgivesallthevitaminsyouneed.Thebodydoesn,tneedoruseextra

vitamins,sowhywastemoneyonthem?

Inthemodemwesternworld,manypeoplearetoobusytobotherabouteatingproperly.Theythrowanything

intotheirstomachs,eatinghurriedlyandcarelessly.Thelistofillnessescausedormadeworsebybadeating

habitsisfrightening.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

FrequentlyAskedQuestionsforYellowstoneNationalPark

Howmuchistheentrancefee?

$35-Private,non-commercialvehicle;

$30-Motorcycleorsnowmobile(winter)

$20-Visitors16andolderenteringbyfoot,bike,ski,etc.

*Thisfeeprovidesthevisitorwitha7-dayentrancepermitforbothYellowstoneandGrandTetonNationalParks.

Whereshouldwestay?

Yourdecisionmaydependonhowmuchtimeyouhaveandwhatyouwanttoseethemost.Ifyouplanon

visitingYellowstoneNationalParkforonlyafewdaysandwanttoexperiencesomeofthemainattractionsthen

WestYellowstonewouldbeagoodbase.Fromthere,itisashortdrivetothegeyserbasins,OldFaithfulandthe

GrandCanyon.IfyouwanttohavethefullparkexperiencethenperhapslodgingatOldFaithfulwouldbeagood

choice.Ifyouwanttoviewthemostwildlife,thenwesuggesttheNortheastEntrance.TheSouthEntranceisa

greatoptionifyouhavemoretimeandwanttovisitGrandTetonNationalPark;howeveritisalongerdrivetothe

heartofYellowstoneifyoubaseoutofJackson.TheNorthEntranceisparkheadquartersandhasthemosthistoric

informationonthepark.

Whenisthebesttimetovisitthepark?

Thisdependsonwhatyourinterestsare.Springhasabundantwildlife,roaringwaterfallsandwildweather.

Summerhasitallincludingthemostcrowds,soyou,dbettergetoutearlyandeatyourbreakfastontheroad!Fall

isaspecialtimeofyear.Everythingseemstobediminishingincludingthecrowds.Winterisatimeofbeingabit

ofsocialisolation.InyearsPaStitWaSmore“economical“toViSitmostOfthePaVk.Nowitismorerestricted

unlessyoucanaffordasnow-coachorguidedsnowmobiletour.

Can?getCellandWi-Fi?

FreepublicWi-FiisavailableatAl-brightVisitorCenterandatsomeparklodgesforregisteredguests.Cell

serviceisextremelylimited,withreceptiononlyavailableinornearmajordevelopedareas.Insummer,serviceis

oftenmaxedoutintheseareas.

Yet,itissadtoseethelatestgenerationfadeawayfromnormaleverydayactivitiesandconversation.Get

out,lookaround,admirethewonders.There,replentyofnaturalandhumandistractionsaroundeverycorner.The

lastthingwewanttodoisdivertvisitorsfromYellowstone,swondersespeciallywhiledriving.

2LHowmuchistheentrancefeeintotalifJefferymakesaself-drivingtriptoYellowstonewithhisfatherandhis

16-year-olddaughterduringthewintervacation?

A.$105B.$55C.$35D.$50

22.Theunderlinedsentenceimpliesthat.

A.visitingYellowstoneinwinterispreferredbymostlocalpeople

B.mostoftheparkwasrestrictedtovisitorsinwinterinthepast.

C.nowadaysmostpeoplechoosetotourtheparkonasnow-coachinwinter.

D.winterusedtobeabettertimetovisittheparkintermsofexpenses

23.ltcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.theentranceticketappliestoYellowstoneonly

B.OldFaithfulprovidesafullviewofthepark

C.thewirelessconnectionisnotsatisfactoryinsummer

D.youngergenerationsmakeupthemajorityofparkvisitors

【答案與解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了黃石公園的門票以及可以選擇的住宿及游玩的地方。

2L細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Howmuchistheentrancefee?"下面的”$35-Private,non-commercialVehiCIe;"可

知，私家非商用車輛入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是35美元，沒(méi)有說(shuō)是每個(gè)人35美元，是一輛車35美元。因此，Jeffery帶爸

爸和女兒開(kāi)車去黃石公園的費(fèi)用是35美元。故選C。

22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫線句上文"WinterisatimeofbeingabitOfSOCialiSOIatkm.（冬天是一個(gè)有點(diǎn)社交孤立

的時(shí)期）"和下文“Nowitismorerestrictedunlessyoucanaffordasnow-coachorguidedsnowmobileIoUr.（現(xiàn)在，

除非你能負(fù)擔(dān)得起雪地教練或雪地摩托導(dǎo)游，否則這里的限制就更大了）”可知，公園冬天人很少，基本與

世隔絕。因此在過(guò)去的幾年，在冬天參觀黃石公園是更加經(jīng)濟(jì)的，而現(xiàn)在除非你負(fù)擔(dān)得起滑雪教練等費(fèi)用，

要不然可玩的限制更多。因此畫線句的隱含意思是，就費(fèi)用而言，以前冬天是參觀黃石公園的好時(shí)機(jī)。故

選D。

23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Can?getCellandWi?Fi?”下面的"Cellserviceisextremelylimited,withreception

onlyavailableinornearmajordevelopedareas.Insummer,serviceisoftenmaxedoutintheseareas.（手機(jī)月艮務(wù)

極其有限，只能在主要發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)或其附近接收。在夏季，這些地區(qū)的服務(wù)通常會(huì)達(dá)到最高水平）”可知，在

夏天，游客可能會(huì)遇到無(wú)線網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)問(wèn)題。故選C。

B

About15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessownerandpassionateeyelist,wasridinghisbikein

Austin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutafriend,s12-year-oldson.Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbiking

becausehesufferedfromabrainconditionthatoftencausedbalancedisturbances.

Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelrecumbent（f則臣卜的）bikewitha

seatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Soontheboywascyclingaroundthestreetwithhispeers,having

funandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonlearnedfromhisfriend,sreaction.44Toseehisson

interactingwithotherkidsJMcLindonsays.uΓllneverforgetthesmileonhisface.”

ThatsmilelaunchedtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithpediatric

rehab（小兒康復(fù)）clinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowningbikeandtohelpcrafteachbiketothe

particularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderband,aseatbelt,andacaregiver,ssteering

andbrakingsystemintheback.Thebikesareexpensive-S3,OOOto$4,000,andthat,swiththefoundation,s

largediscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they,realifechanger.

“Weworkedwitha14-year-oldwhohadabackproblem,,,saysMcLindon.Shespentmostdaysonthecouch

watchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforspecial-needstriathlons（鐵人三項(xiàng)）.Inamagazine

interview,shesaid,??Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteme.”

Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat,sjustastart.uIdoalotofthings.Irunalotof

companies.^^McLindonsays.uButgettingthesekidstheirbikesmostimportantthingthatIdo.^^

24.WhatinspiredAndrewMcLindontosearchforaspecialbikeonline?

A.Hisenthusiasmforcycling.B.Hisambitiontostartanewbusiness.

C.Hisgoaltoinventanewtypeofbike.D.Hisdesiretohelpaboywithbalanceissues.

25.WhywasMcLindonFamilyFoundationestablished?

A.Tosponsorspecial-needstriathlons.

B.Toraisemoneyforpediatricrehabclinics.

C.Toprovideadaptivebikesfordisabledchildren.

D.Toofferasocialnetworktochildrenwithspecialneeds.

26.Whatbenefitcanadaptivebikesbring?

A.Theycanoffermedicaltreatment.B.Theycanprovideexerciseandfun.

C.Theycanrelievephysicalsuffering.D.Theycanimproveacademicperformance.

27.WhatdoesMcLindonthinkofhisworkwiththeMcLindonFamilyFoundation?

A.Itisaworthwhileeffort.B.Itisatemporarysolution.

C.Itisfinanciallyrewarding.D.Itistechnicallychallenging.

【答案與解析】本篇為記敘文。文章講述r安德魯?麥克林登建立了一個(gè)基金會(huì)，和小兒康復(fù)醫(yī)院合作，

給身體有殘疾的小孩提供適應(yīng)性自行車來(lái)幫助他們獲得鍛煉和快樂(lè)的故事。

24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“About15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessownerandpassionateeyelist,was

ridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutafriend,s12-year-oldson.Theboyhadneverknownthe

joyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromabrainconditionthatoftencausedbalancedisturbances4安德魯?麥克林

登是一位企業(yè)主，也是一位充滿激情的眼科醫(yī)生。大約15年前，他在德克薩斯州奧斯汀市騎自行車時(shí)，

突然想起了一位朋友12歲的兒子。這個(gè)男孩從來(lái)都不知道騎自行車的樂(lè)趣，因?yàn)樗加薪?jīng)常導(dǎo)致平衡障

礙的腦部疾?。?和第二段"Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheel

recumbent（側(cè)臥的）bikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.（回到家后,現(xiàn)年60歲的麥克林

登在網(wǎng)上找到了一輛帶安全帶的三輪臥式自行車，非常適合有平衡問(wèn)題的孩子）“可知，安德魯?麥克林登

想幫助朋友的兒子，他因腦部疾病在平衡感上有問(wèn)題，因此他上網(wǎng)去搜索適合有平衡問(wèn)題的孩子的特殊自

行車，故選DC

25.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThatsmilelaunchedtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,the

groupworkswithpediatricrehab（ZhJL康復(fù)）clinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowningbikeandto

helpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsoftheChild.（這個(gè)微笑創(chuàng)立了麥克林頓家庭基金會(huì)。在捐款的資助

下，該組織與兒童康復(fù)診所合作，尋找可以從擁有自行車中受益的兒童，并幫助制作每輛自行車，以滿足

孩子的特殊需求）“可知，麥克林登家族基金會(huì)創(chuàng)立是為了滿足孩子的特殊需求，給殘疾兒童提供適合他們

的適應(yīng)自行車。故選C。

26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段aWhenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheel

recumbenl（彳則臣卜的）bikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Soontheboywascyclingaround

thestreetwithhispeers,havingfunandgettingexercise.（回到家后，現(xiàn)年60歲的麥克林登在網(wǎng)上找到了一輛

帶安全帶的三輪臥式自行車，非常適合有平衡問(wèn)題的孩子。很快，這個(gè)男孩就和他的同齡人一起在街上騎

自行車，玩得開(kāi)心，同時(shí)鍛煉了身體）”可知，適應(yīng)性自行車能提供鍛煉和樂(lè)趣。故選B。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthat,sjustastart."Ido

alotofthings.?runalotofcompanies/McLindonsays.?Butgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportant

thingthatIdoJ（至IJ目前為止，該基金會(huì)已經(jīng)贈(zèng)送了450輛自行車，而這僅僅是個(gè)開(kāi)始?！拔易龊芏嗍虑?。麥

克林登說(shuō)，我經(jīng)營(yíng)著很多公司。但讓這些孩子擁有自行車是我做的最重要的事情J）”可知，麥克林登認(rèn)

為給孩子們自行車是他做的最重要的事情，說(shuō)明他認(rèn)為自己付出的努力是值得的。故選A。

C

It'sunlikelythatwe,llseeadodo,aflightlessbird,walkingthisearthanytimeagain,accordingtoBethShapiro,

aevolutionarymolecularbiologist.

“Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutde-extinction,they,reimaginingcloning/5Shapirosaid.Cloning,theapproach

thatcreatedDolly,thesheepin1996andElizabethAnn,theblack-footedferretin2020,createsanidenticalgenetic

copyofanindividualbyputtingDNAfromalivingadultcellintoaneggcellfromwhichthenucleus（細(xì)月包核）has

beenremoved.AdultcellscontainalltheDNAneededtodevelopintoalivinganimal.EggcellsthenusethatDNA

asablueprinttoturnthemselvesintomanykindsofcellsskin,organs,bloodandbonestheanimalneeds.

“Butnolivingcellsfromdodosexist.Instead,,,Shapirosaid,??you,dhavetostartwithacloselyrelated

animal,sgenome（基因組）andthenchangeitintoonesimilartododos."Forexample,mammoths（猛力馬）arealso

extinct,buttheywereverycloselyrelatedtomodernAsianelephants,soresearchersareattemptingtobring

mammothsbackfromextinctionbycreatingahybridmammothwithsomemammothgenesreplacingpartofthe

elephantgenomeinanelephanteggcell.However,therearelikelymillionsofgeneticdifferencesbetweenthe

genomeofanAsianelephantandthatofamammothaccordingtoShapiro.

Asforthedodo,itsclosestlivingrelativeistheNicobarpigeon.MammothsandAsianelephantsarepretty

closelyrelated,whereasithadbeenmorethan20millionyearssincethedodoandtheNicobarpigeonhadany

commonancestors.Geneticdifferencesbetweenthetwobirdspeciesarethereforemuchgreater,makingita

formidabletasktocreateasuccessfulhybridinthelab,Shapirosaid.

Evenifscientistsmanagetobringdodosback,theislandwheretheyoncelivedisaverydifferentplace

nowadays,whichmakeitimpossibletoreintroducedodoswithoutmajorintervention.

28.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.ThespecialroleofDNA.B.Theprocessofcloning.

C.Thedevelopmentofcloning.D.Thecomplexityofcloning.

29.WhatdoesShapirowanttoshowbytheexampleofmammoths?

A.Dodosarehardertobringbacktolife.

B.Theirlivingcellsarehardtopreserve.

C.Cloningcanbeusedtorecreateextinctanimals.

D.TheyshareasimilargenomewithAsianelephants.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“formidable“meaninParagraph4?

A.Urgent.B.Possible.C.Tough.D.Different.

31.WhatisShapiro,sattitudetowardstherebirthofdodos?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Objective.D.Negative.

【答案與解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了進(jìn)化分子生物學(xué)家貝絲?夏皮羅對(duì)復(fù)活渡渡鳥(niǎo)持消極的

態(tài)度。

28.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中'"Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutde-extinction,they'reimaginingcloning,,

Shapirosaid.Cloning,theapproachthatcreatedDolly,thesheepin1996andElizabethAnn,theblack-footed

ferretin2020,createsanidenticalgeneticcopyofanindividualbyputtingDNAfromalivingadultcellintoan

eggcellfromwhichthenucleus（細(xì)胞核）hasbeenremoved.AdultcellscontainalltheDNAneededtodevelop

intoalivinganimal.EggcellsthenusethatDNAasablueprinttoturnthemselvesintomanykindsofcells-skin,

organs,bloodandbones-theanimalneeds.（M?^i?,當(dāng)大多數(shù)人想到滅絕滅絕時(shí)，他們想象的是克隆?？寺?/p>

技術(shù)在1996年創(chuàng)造了多利羊，在2020年創(chuàng)造了黑腳雪貂伊麗莎白?安，它通過(guò)將一個(gè)活的成年細(xì)胞的DNA

放入一個(gè)細(xì)胞核被去除的卵細(xì)胞中，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)完全相同的個(gè)體遺傳副本。成年細(xì)胞含有發(fā)育成活的動(dòng)物

所需的所有DNA。然后，卵細(xì)胞利用這些DNA作為藍(lán)圖，將自己轉(zhuǎn)變成動(dòng)物所需的多種細(xì)胞——皮膚、

器官、血液和骨骼戶可知，第二段主要介紹了克隆的步驟。故選B項(xiàng)。

29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Forexample,mammoths（猛雞）arealsoextinct,buttheywereveryclosely

relatedtomodemAsianelephants,soresearchersareattemptingtobringmammothsbackfromextinctionby

creatingahybridmammothwithsomemammothgenesreplacingpartoftheelephantgenomeinanelephantegg

cell.However,therearelikelymillionsofgeneticdifferencesbetweenthegenomeofanAsianelephantandthat

ofamammothaccordingtoShaPiro.（例如，猛嗎象也已經(jīng)滅絕，但它們與現(xiàn)代亞洲象的親緣關(guān)系非常密切，

因此研究人員試圖通過(guò)創(chuàng)造一種雜交猛雞象，用一些猛嗎象的基因取代大象卵細(xì)胞中的部分大象基因組，

使猛雞象從滅絕中復(fù)活。然而，根據(jù)夏皮羅的說(shuō)法，亞洲象和猛嗎象的基因組之間可能有數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)基因差

異）“可知，猛雞象和亞洲象雖然親緣關(guān)系非常密切，但要利用亞洲象來(lái)復(fù)活猛嗎象也是非常困難的，結(jié)合

第三段中“MammothsandAsianelephantsareprettycloselyrelated,whereasithadbeenmorethan20million

yearssincethedodoandtheNicobarpigeonhadanycommonancestors.Geneticdifferencesbetweenthetwobird

speciesarethereforemuchgreater（猛雞象和亞洲象的親緣關(guān)系非常近，而渡渡鳥(niǎo)和尼科巴鴿子在2000多萬(wàn)

年后才有了共同的祖先。因此，這兩種鳥(niǎo)類之間的遺傳差異要大得多）”可知，渡渡鳥(niǎo)和尼科巴鴿子的差異

遠(yuǎn)比猛嗎象和亞洲象的差異大得多，所以復(fù)活難度會(huì)更大。由此推知，夏皮羅想通過(guò)猛狗象的例子說(shuō)明渡

渡鳥(niǎo)很難復(fù)活。故選A項(xiàng)。

30.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Geneticdifferencesbetweenthetwobirdspeciesarethereforemuchgreater（因此，

這兩種鳥(niǎo)類之間的遺傳差異要大得多）''可知，渡渡鳥(niǎo)和尼科巴鴿子差異非常大，由此推知，復(fù)活渡渡鳥(niǎo)是

艱巨的任務(wù)，劃線詞與tough意思相近，意為“艱難的:故選C項(xiàng)。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Geneticdifferencesbetweenthetwobirdspeciesarethereforemuchgreater,

makingitaformidabletasktocreateasuccessfulhybridinthelab,ShapiroSaid.（夏皮羅說(shuō)，因此,這兩種鳥(niǎo)類

之間的遺傳差異要大得多，這使得在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中創(chuàng)造一個(gè)成功的雜交物種成為一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)）”和第五段中

“Evenifscientistsmanagetobringdodosback,theislandwheretheyoncelivedisaverydifferentplace

nowadays,whichmakeitimpossibletoreintroducedodoswithoutmajorintervention.（即使科學(xué)家們?cè)O(shè)法把渡渡

鳥(niǎo)帶回來(lái)，它們?cè)?jīng)生活的島嶼現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是一個(gè)非常不同的地方，這使得在沒(méi)有重大干預(yù)的情況下不可能

重新引入渡渡鳥(niǎo)）''可推知，夏皮羅對(duì)復(fù)活渡渡鳥(niǎo)持消極的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Recyclingisagreatwayofdoingyourbitfortheenvironmentandhelpingtoprotecttheearth,sprecious

resources.However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoingmoreharmthangood.

AccordingtowastecompanyBiffa,thisisbecauseOf“wish-cycling”—assumingthatitemssuchasdisposable

coffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputintherecyclingbin.Infact,pollutionfromthoseitemsorother

non-recyclablescanresultinrecyclableitemsthathavebeenputinthecorrectbingoingtolandfill.DavidHeaton,

abusinessdirectoratBiffa,said:^Pollutionhappenswhenitemsaredisposedofinthewrongbinsorhaven,tbeen

cleanedbeforebeingrecycled.,,

ExpertsatBiffaanalyzedtheamountsofnon-targetandnon-recyclablematerialsthatenteredUKmaterial

recyclingfacilitiesbetween2016and2020.Itwasfoundthat,in2016,theaveragepollutionrateofrecycling

wastewas13.4percent,risingoverfouryearsto17percentbytheendof2020.Thisshowsthat,evenaspeople

arebecomingmoreeco-conscious,wish-cyclingisincreasingbothinhouseholdsandbusinesses.

TheBiffaexpertssaythatoneofthebestwaystopreventpollutionofrecyclingistocleanrecyclablewaste

beforeputtingitinthebin.Theysuggestcuttingoffthetopofoldpizzaboxesandonlyrecyclingthatpartto

avoidpollutionfromthegrease（油月旨）.Checktheon-packagingrecyclinglabeltocheckitcanactuallybe

recycledWhenitcomestoplastics,Biffarecommendscheckingtheresincode,thenumberintheplastictriangle,

toknowwhetheritshouldgointherecyclingbin.Ingeneral,resincodes1,2,4and5arerecyclable,while3,6

and7arenot.Largeritems,likeelectronics,furnitureandbatteries,canalsoberecycledbutoftencannotgoin

householdrecyclingbinsastheyneedspecialistseparating.Thesewillneedtobetakentorecyclingcentersor

sustainablewastemanagementcompanies.

“It'svitalasanationthatwegetbetterateffective?pre-cycling,—sortingwastecorrectlybeforecollectionto

reducepollutionrates,,,addedMr.Heaton.

32.What,sthetruthof“WiSh-cycling"accordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.Thedesiretoleadasustainablelife.

B.Thegoodintentiontohelprecycling.

C.Thehabitofthrowingitemsthatendupinlandfills.

D.Thepracticeofrecyclingitemsthatcannotberecycled.

33.WhathasexpertsatBiffaconcludedaftertheiranalysis?

A.Peoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious.

B.Wish-cyclingisontheriseinrecentyears.

C.Pollutionhappenslessfrequentlyinrecyclingfacilities.

D.Peopleareusedtocleaningrecyclablewastebeforeputtingitinthebin.

34.Whichofthefollowingisaproperwayofrecycling?

A.Disposeofelectronicstogetherwithhouseholdwaste.

B.Skipthestepofcheckingtheon-packagingrecyclinglabel.

C.Checktheresincodeofplasticstoseewhetheritisrecyclableornot.

D.Cutoffthetopofoldpizzaboxandthrowtheresttotherecyclingbin.

35.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Recycling:aBigProjectB.Wish-cycling:aNewTrend

C.Wish-cycling:aGrowingConcernD.Pre-cycling:anEffectiveMethod

【答案與解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了“希望循環(huán)”所帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題，同時(shí)文章就如何正確回收

提出建議。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,anewstudyhasrevealedthatourdesiretobesustainablemaybedoing

moreharmthangood.（然而，-項(xiàng)新的研究表明，我們對(duì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的渴望可能弊大于利）”和“thisisbecause

Of“wish-cycling“一assumingthatitemssuchasdisposablecoffeecupsandpizzaboxeswillberecycledifputin

therecyclingbin.（這是因?yàn)椤跋Ｍh(huán)”——認(rèn)為一次性咖啡杯和比薩餅盒等物品如果放入回收箱就會(huì)被

回收）”可知，“希望循環(huán)”的真相是人們認(rèn)為把垃圾扔進(jìn)回收箱就會(huì)被回收。由此可推知，這是一種幫助

回收利用的好意。故選B。

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thisshowsthat,evenaspeoplearebecomingmoreeco-conscious,wish-cycling

isincreasingbothinhouseholdsandbusinesses.（這表明，盡管人們?cè)絹?lái)越注重環(huán)保，但在家庭和企業(yè)中，“希

望循環(huán)”的數(shù)量都在增加）“可知，近年來(lái)，“希望循環(huán)”的數(shù)量正在不斷增加。故選B。

34.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Whenitcomestoplastics,Biffarecommendscheckingtheresincode,the

numberintheplastictriangle,toknowwhetheritshouldgointherecyclingbin.（當(dāng)談到塑料時(shí),Bi