（江蘇專用）高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 真題研練 牛津譯林版-牛津版高三英語(yǔ)試題

真題研練Week1MondayTask1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2016·江蘇，B)Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways，likegatheringinwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.Butbeyondtheminimumrequirementsassocialbeings，theyhavelittleinstinct(本能)tohelponeanother.Chimpsinthewildseekfoodforthemselves.Evenchimpmothersregularlydeclinetosharefoodwiththeirchildren，whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.Inthelaboratory，chimpsdon’tnaturallysharefoodeither.Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor，withnogreatereffort，aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage，hewillpullatrandom—hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.Chimpsaretrulyselfish.Humanchildren，ontheotherhand，arenaturallycooperative.Fromtheearliestages，theydesiretohelpothers，toshareinformationandtoparticipateinachievingcommongoals.ThepsychologistMichaelTomasellohasstudiedthiscooperativenessinaseriesofexperimentswithveryyoungchildren.Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor，almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.Thereareseveralreasonstobelievethattheurgestohelp，informandsharearenottaught，butnaturallypossessedinyoungchildren.Oneisthattheseinstinctsappearataveryyoungagebeforemostparentshavestartedtotraintheirchildrentobehavesocially.Anotheristhatthehelpingbehaviorsarenotimprovedifthechildrenarerewarded.Athirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive(認(rèn)知的)skills，atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.IntestsconductedbyTomasello，thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimpsonthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld.Thecoreofwhatchildren’smindshaveandchimps’don’tiswhatTomasellocallssharedintentionality.Partofthisabilityisthattheycaninferwhatothersknoworarethinking.Butbeyondthat，evenveryyoungchildrenwanttobepartofasharedpurpose.Theyactivelyseektobepartofa“we”，agroupthatintendstoworktowardasharedgoal.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇科技說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比了黑猩猩與人類在相互幫助的本能方面的巨大不同。黑猩猩沒(méi)有相互幫助的本能，根本就不懂合作，而人卻從小就知道幫助他人，善于與他人合作，這是人類獨(dú)有的天性。1．Whatcanwelearnfromtheexperimentwithchimps?A．Chimpsseldomcareaboutothers’interests.B．Chimpstendtoprovidefoodfortheirchildren.C．Chimpsliketotakeintheirneighbors’food.D．Chimpsnaturallysharefoodwitheachother.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一、二段可知，黑猩猩很少關(guān)心其他的黑猩猩，比如第二段中的例子：把鄰居的食物占為己有，根本不關(guān)心鄰居是否有東西吃。]2．MichaelTomasello’stestsonyoungchildrenindicatethatthey________．A．havetheinstincttohelpothersB．knowhowtoofferhelptoadultsC．knowtheworldbetterthanchimpsD．trustadultswiththeirhandsfull答案A[細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Humanchildren，ontheotherhand，areextremelycooperative.Fromtheearliestages，theydecidetohelpothers可判斷出，孩子有幫助他人的本能。]3．Thepassageismainlyabout________．A．thehelpingbehaviorsofyoungchildrenB．waystotrainchildren’ssharedintentionalityC．cooperationasadistinctivehumannatureD．thedevelopmentofintelligenceinchildren答案C[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)黑猩猩沒(méi)有相互幫助的本能，根本就不懂合作，而人卻從小就知道幫助他人，善于與他人合作，這是人類獨(dú)有的天性。故C項(xiàng)為最佳答案。]Task2：詞匯積累1．cooperatevi.合作，配合2．territoryn．領(lǐng)土，范圍3．oneanother彼此4．declinev．謝絕，減少5．a(chǎn)trandom隨便地6．ontheotherhand另一方面7．participatein參加，分享8．nobetterthan不比……好；幾乎等于Task3：攻克長(zhǎng)難句1．Ifachimpisputinacagewherehecanpullinoneplateoffoodforhimselfor,withnogreatereffort,aplatethatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage,hewillpullatrandom—hejustdoesn’tcarewhetherhisneighborgetsfedornot.分析：這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，主句是hewillpullatrandom，破折號(hào)后的句子對(duì)主句作進(jìn)一步的解釋；在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾acage；該定語(yǔ)從句又包含定語(yǔ)從句thatalsoprovidesfoodforaneighborinthenextcage，修飾a__plate。2．Hefindsthatifbabiesaged18monthsseeanunrelatedadultwithhandsfulltryingtoopenadoor,almostallwillimmediatelytrytohelp.分析：在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，aged18months作定語(yǔ)，修飾babies；withhandsfull是with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ)，修飾an__unrelated__adult。Week1TuesdayTask1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2014·浙江，C)Lastsummer，twonineteenth－centurycottageswererescuedfromremotefarmfieldsinMontana，tobemovedtoanArtDecobuildinginSanFrancisco.Thehousesweremadeofwood.ThesecottagesoncehousedearlysettlersastheyworkedthedryMontanasoil；nowtheyholdTwitterengineers.Thecottagescouldbeanexampleoftheindustry’soddloveaffairwith“l(fā)owtechnology”，aconceptassociatedwiththenaturalworld，andwithold－schoolcraftsmanship(手藝)thatexistslongbeforetheInternetera.Lowtechnologyisnotvirtual(虛擬的)—so，totakeadvantageofit，Internetcompanieshavehadtogetcreative.Therescuedwoodcottages，fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen－h(huán)undreds，areanobviousexample，butTwitter’sdesignslieontheextremeend.Othercompaniesareusingabroaderinterpretation(闡釋)oflowtechnologythatfocusesonnature.Amazonisbuildingthreeglassspheresfilledwithtrees，sothatemployeescan“workandsocializeinamorenatural，park－likesetting.”AtGoogle’soffice，anentireflooriscarpetedingrass.Facebook’ssecondMenloParkcampuswillhavearooftopparkwithawalkingtrail.OlleLundberg，thefounderofLundbergDesign，hasworkedwithmanytechcompaniesovertheyears.“Wehavelosttheconnectiontothemakerinourlives，andourtechengineersaretheoneswhofeelmostimpoverished(貧乏的)，becausethey’resurroundedbythedigitalworld，”hesays.“They’relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity，andwe’vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat.”Thiscraft－basedtheoryisrootedinhistory.WilliamMorris，theEnglishartistandwriter，turnedbacktopre－industrialartsintheeighteen－sixties，justaftertheIndustrialRevolution.TheArtsandCraftsmovementdefineditselfagainstmachines.“Withoutcreativehumanoccupation，peoplebecamedisconnectedfromlife，”Morrissaid.Researchhasshownthatnaturalenvironmentscanrestore(恢復(fù))ourmentalcapacities.InJapan，patientsareencouragedto“forest－bathe，”takingwalksthroughwoodstolowertheirbloodpressure.Thesehealthbenefitsapplytotheworkplaceaswell.RachelKaplan，aprofessorofenvironmentalpsychology，hasspentyearsresearchingtherestorativeeffectsofnaturalenvironments.Herresearchfoundthatworkerswithaccesstonatureattheoffice—evensimpleviewsoftreesandflowers—felttheirjobswerelessstressfulandmoresatisfying.Iflow－techofficescanpotentiallynourishthebrainsandimprovethementalhealthofemployeesthen，fine，bringonthecottages.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。向人們說(shuō)明了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的一種新現(xiàn)象。越來(lái)越多的人認(rèn)為終日和高新科技、虛擬世界打交道的現(xiàn)代人越來(lái)越?jīng)]有創(chuàng)造力，而古舊的東西更能使人接近大自然，從而使人們?cè)谏眢w上和頭腦上都能得到益處。1．Thewritermentionsthetwonineteenth－centurycottagestoshowthat________．A.TwitterishavingahardtimeB．oldcottagesareinneedofprotectionC．earlysettlersoncesufferedfromadryclimateinMontanaD．Internetcompanieshaverediscoveredthebenefitsoflowtechnology答案D[文章前三段通過(guò)舉例引出說(shuō)明話題，說(shuō)明高科技的公司已開發(fā)出了低技術(shù)的有用之處，根據(jù)第四自然段Lundberg的話：“They’relookingforawaytoregaintheirindividualidentity，andwe’vefoundthatintroducingrealcraftsisonewaytodothat”可知。]2．Lowtechnologyisregardedassomethingthat________．A．isrelatedtonature B．isoutofdatetodayC．consumestoomuchenergy D．existsinthevirtualworld答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二自然段最后一句話：“Othercompaniesareusingabroaderinterpretationoflowtechnologythatfocusesonnature”可知答案選A。]3．ThemainideaofParagraph5isthathumanbeings________．A．havedestroyedmanypre－industrialartsB．haveatraditionofvaluingartsandcraftsC．canbecomeintelligentbylearninghistoryD．canregaintheirindividualidentitybyusingmachines答案B[歸納總結(jié)題。第五自然段第一句話是該段中心句，提到這種崇尚工藝美術(shù)的理論有歷史根源，然后舉例說(shuō)明該陳述，故選B。]4．Thewriter’sattitudeto“l(fā)owtechnology”canbestbedescribedas________．A．positive B．defensiveC．cautious D．doubtful答案A[作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章用夾敘夾議的方式通過(guò)舉例闡明了低技術(shù)的東西讓人更接近自然，從而對(duì)人身心產(chǎn)生益處的觀點(diǎn)，可以看出作者對(duì)此是積極樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度，故選A。]5．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PastGlories，F(xiàn)utureDreams.B．TheVirtualWorld，theRealChallenge.C．High－techCompanies，Low－techOffices.D．TheMoreCraftsmanship，theLessCreativity.答案C[主旨大意題。一個(gè)題目要很好地闡明文章中心，文章通過(guò)高科技公司引進(jìn)低技術(shù)的東西使職工獲得身心益處的例子闡明了人們對(duì)“低技術(shù)”的新的功能的開發(fā)利用，該題目既體現(xiàn)出文章的中心，又通過(guò)high－tech，low－tech的對(duì)照吸引讀者眼球，故選C。]Task2：用英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)要概述本文大意答案Authenticthingscanmakepeoplegetclosetonature,whichisbeneficialtouswhilemodernpeoplewhoenjoyvirtualrealityarelackingincreativity.Task3：詞匯積累1．beassociatedwith與……有關(guān)系2．takeadvantageof利用3．creativeadj.創(chuàng)造性的4．focuson集中于5．regainv．恢復(fù)；重新獲得6．turnbackto重新提到7．a(chǎn)pplyto適用于8．a(chǎn)ccessto接近；有權(quán)使用9．potentiallyadv.可能地，潛在地10．bringon導(dǎo)致，引起Task4：攻克長(zhǎng)難句Therescuedwoodcottages，fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen－h(huán)undreds，areanobviousexample，butTwitter’sdesignslieontheextremeend.分析：本句是一個(gè)由but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句。其中的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)fittedbyhandinthelateeighteen－h(huán)undreds作定語(yǔ)。Week1WednesdayTask1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2015·江蘇，A)VisitorCode●ArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealandIfyouarearrivingfromoverseas，bringnofood，animalorplantmaterialintothecountry.IfindoubtdeclareittoCustoms.●ProtectplantsandanimalsNeverallowdogsorotherpetstorunfreelyinareasofnestingbirds，otherwildlife，orwheresignposted.●GetridofrubbishAlwaysgetridofyourrubbishproperlyandrecyclewaste(e.g.，glass，paper)wherepossible.●BeconsideratewithotherwasteIfusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastestation.Inthebackcountry，buryyourtoiletwasteinashallowholeawayfromwaterways.●KeepNewZealand’swatercleanBecausesoapsandotherwastescanharmwaterways，becarefulyourwashingwaterdoesn’tpollutethesea，lakesandrivers.●TakecarewithfireAlwaysobservedistrictfirebans.Becarefulifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue—makesureashesarecoldbeforeleaving.●CamporpicniccarefullyWhencampingorpicnicking，usefacilitiesprovided.●KeeptothetrackKeeptothetrack，whereoneexists，soyoulessenthechanceofdamagingfragileplants.●BeconsiderateWhendriving，minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章介紹去新西蘭旅游要保護(hù)動(dòng)物，處理好垃圾，注意路標(biāo)等注意事項(xiàng)。1．AccordingtotheCode，visitorsshouldact________．A．withcareandrespect B．withreliefandpleasureC．withcautionandcalmness D．withattentionandobservation答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容可知，游客去新西蘭時(shí)，要當(dāng)心，不要帶入有可能對(duì)新西蘭產(chǎn)生破壞的物品，也要尊重自然、保護(hù)環(huán)境，文中的各個(gè)小標(biāo)題均是對(duì)該內(nèi)容的體現(xiàn)，因此選A。]2．WhatareyouencouragedtodowhentravellinginNewZealand?A．Takeyourowncampingfacilities.B．Buryglassfarawayfromrivers.C．Followthetrackforthesakeofplants.D．Observesignstoapproachnestingbirds.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Keeptothetrack部分中的內(nèi)容可知，游客要沿著路徑行走，減小破壞脆弱的植物的幾率，因此選C。]Task2：詞匯積累1．indoubt不能肯定的2．getridof擺脫；除去3．considerateadj.體貼的；考慮周到的4．portableadj.輕便的5．picnicv．去野餐n．野餐6．facilityn．設(shè)施7．lessenv．減少8．fragileadj.易碎的9．minimizev．使減到最少Task3：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(限填一詞)1．ArrivewithnothingthatcanharmNewZealand.→ArrivewithnothingthatcanbeharmfultoNewZealand.2．Ifyouuseaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastestation.→Ifusingaportabletoiletalwaysthrowawayyourtoiletwasteataproperwastestation.3．Takecareifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue.→Becarefulifyousmokeorhaveanoutdoorfireorbarbecue.4．Whendriving,reducenoisetothesmallestdegreeandobservenosmokingsigns.→Whendriving,minimizenoiseandobservenosmokingsigns.Week1ThursdayTask1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2015·江蘇，C)Supposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso，itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample，peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness，toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences，andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds，peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers，youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice，someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately，theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternalfactor(e.g.，“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternalfactor(e.g.，“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”)．Whenthathappens，peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer，whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion，researchershaveconductedfollow－upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance，onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou，itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”．Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations，theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相關(guān))betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults，onceagain，leadtoconcreteadvice：“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering，continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT－shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文講述了志愿者為什么自發(fā)地去服務(wù)社會(huì)，并通過(guò)三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析志愿者的意圖。1．Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof________．A．a(chǎn)cademicrequirementsB．socialexpectationsC．financialrewardsD．internalneeds答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段內(nèi)容可知，人們從事志愿活動(dòng)出于幾個(gè)動(dòng)機(jī)，如表達(dá)個(gè)人價(jià)值觀、豐富個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、增強(qiáng)社會(huì)關(guān)系等，如果志愿工作的崗位不能滿足這些需求，人們或許就不愿參加了。由此可推知，人們從事志愿活動(dòng)主要是出于個(gè)人的內(nèi)在需求，故D項(xiàng)符合題意。]2．WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A．Follow－upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B．Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C．Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D．Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento‘trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience’．”可知，研究者指出，應(yīng)該注意讓志愿者對(duì)棘手的情形有所準(zhǔn)備，給他們提供應(yīng)對(duì)困難的策略。故B項(xiàng)符合題意。]3．Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A．Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B．PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT－shirts.C．Roleidentityasavolunteer.D．Practicaladvicefromresearchers.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段第二句中的“Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemorelikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.”可知，志愿者的角色認(rèn)同感才是他們繼續(xù)從事志愿活動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵。故C項(xiàng)符合題意。]4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB．HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC．HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD．HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities答案A[標(biāo)題歸納題。文章先由“為什么人們會(huì)做志愿者”開始，然后結(jié)合兩組調(diào)查研究說(shuō)明了人們能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做志愿者工作的原因，其最終目的是為了使人們參與到志愿者工作當(dāng)中去，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。]Task2：用英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)要概述本文大意答案Thepassagetellsuswhyvolunteersarewillingtoservethecommunity,andwhatgetstheminterestedinthework.Task3：詞匯積累1．undertakev．承擔(dān)；從事2．identifyvt.鑒定；辨認(rèn)出3．motivatevt.激發(fā)(興趣或欲望)；給與動(dòng)機(jī)4．launchv．發(fā)起；推出；發(fā)射；使(船)下水n．發(fā)射5．externaladj.外來(lái)的；外部的6．besensitiveto對(duì)……感到敏感7．strategyn．策略；戰(zhàn)略8．copewith對(duì)付9．individualn．個(gè)人adj.個(gè)人的10．roleidentity角色認(rèn)同Task4：攻克長(zhǎng)難句Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.分析：本句中it是句子的形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。forwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentity是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thosepeople。Week1FridayTask1：請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2015·江蘇)IwasrequiredtoreadoneofBernieSiegel’sbooksincollegeandwashookedonhispositivityfromthatmomenton.Thestoriesofhisunconventional__1__andtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutwereso__2__tomeandhadsuchabig__3__onhowIsawlifefromthenon.WhoknewthatsomanyyearslaterIwouldlooktoDr.BernieandhisCDsagainto__4__myowncancerexperience?I’manambitious__5__，andwhenIstartedgoingthroughchemo(化療)，eventhoughI’mavery__6__person，Ilostmydrivetowrite.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthe__7__．Oneday，whilewaitingtogoinfor__8__，IhadoneofDr.Bernie’sbooksinmyhand.Anotherpatient__9__whatIwasreadingandstruckupaconversationwithme__10__hehadoneofhisbookswithhimaswell.It__11__thatamongotherthings，hewasaneighty－year－oldwriter.Hewas__12__apublishedauthor，andhewascurrently__13__onanewbook.Wewouldseeeachotheratvarioustimesand__14__friends.Sometimesheworeaduckhat，andIwouldtellmyself，hewasdefinitelya(n)__15__ofDr.Bernie.Hereallyputa__16__onmyface.Heunfortunately__17__lastyearduetohiscancer，__18__heleftadeepimpressiononmeandgavemethe__19__topickupmypenagain.I__20__tomyself，“Ifhecandoit，thensocanI．”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章講述作者讀了BernieSiegel的書，深受書中積極人生的影響。在不幸患癌癥之后，他最初一度想放棄寫作，但在治療期間結(jié)識(shí)了一位80歲的病友，這位病友以其雖患疾病但堅(jiān)持寫作的精神和態(tài)度深深感染了作者，使其得到了鼓舞。在這位病友去世后，作者決定重新拿起紙筆繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作。1．A.tastes B．ideasC．notes D．memories答案B[該空所在句意：他的故事里不落俗套的想法和筆下不尋常的患者讓我如此驚嘆……。聯(lián)系空前的stories及unconventional(新奇的，不落俗套的)可知，ideas最合語(yǔ)境。taste味道，志趣；note筆記，便條；memory記憶。]2．A.amazing B．shockingC．a(chǎn)musing D．strange答案A[句意參見上題。amazing令人驚嘆的；shocking令人震驚的；amusing逗人發(fā)笑的，有意思的；strange奇怪的。amazing含有“欽佩”之意，shocking沒(méi)有此義，故選A。]3．A.strike B．pushC．challenge D．impact答案D[由并列連詞and可知空格處所在部分應(yīng)該和“令人驚嘆”意義一致，即“對(duì)我如何看待人生產(chǎn)生了很大的影響”。haveanimpacton對(duì)……有影響，是固定短語(yǔ)。]4．A.learnfrom B．gooverC．getthrough D．referto答案C[此處應(yīng)該是承接上文意思，即：誰(shuí)會(huì)知道多年后我又要依賴Dr.Bernie和他的光盤來(lái)熬過(guò)我自己的癌癥經(jīng)歷？getthrough(使某人)熬過(guò)(困難時(shí)期)。]5．A.reader B．writerC．editor D．doctor答案B[聯(lián)系后文中的“Ilostmydrivetowrite(我失去了寫作的動(dòng)力)”可知，作者是一名作家。]6．A.positive B．a(chǎn)greeableC．humorous D．honest答案A[聯(lián)系后文所說(shuō)的“我失去了寫作的動(dòng)力”，并結(jié)合eventhough表示讓步可知，此處意為“即使我是一個(gè)積極樂(lè)觀的人”。]7．A.mood B．positionC．state D．way答案A[由and前面的“Iwasjusttootired”及常識(shí)可知當(dāng)人很疲倦時(shí)，他的心情會(huì)很糟。notinthemood心情不好。]8．A.advice B．referenceC．protection D．treatment答案D[聯(lián)系本段開頭的“whenIstartedgoingthoughchemo”可知，作者是在等待治療，故選D項(xiàng)。]9．A.viewed B．knewC．noticed D．wondered答案C[聯(lián)系本句中的“whenIwasreading”和“struckupaconversation”可知，另一個(gè)病人應(yīng)該是注意到作者讀的書了，然后才和作者聊天。notice注意到，符合語(yǔ)境。]10．A.while B．becauseC．a(chǎn)lthough D．providing答案B[前文說(shuō)他注意到作者讀的書并開始和作者聊天，后面提到“他也有Dr.Bernie的一本書”，由此可知兩者是因果關(guān)系，故選because。]11．A.cameout B．workedoutC．provedout D．turnedout答案D[由空格后的提示“除此之外，他還是一位80歲的作家”可知這是作者后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)事實(shí)，用Itturnedoutthat...句型是最合適的，即：結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)……。]12．A.naturally B．merelyC．hopefully D．a(chǎn)ctually答案D[該空所在句句意：事實(shí)上，他是一名發(fā)表過(guò)作品的作家。actually事實(shí)上，符合語(yǔ)境。]13．A.deciding B．investingC．working D．relying答案C[聯(lián)系上文的“他是一個(gè)出版作家”可知，此處表示目前他在寫一本新書。workon從事，忙于。]14．A.became B．helpedC．missed D．visited答案A[聯(lián)系and前面的“我們經(jīng)常在不同的時(shí)間見面”可知，兩人應(yīng)該是成了(became)朋友。]15．A.patient B．operatorC．fan D．publisher答案C[聯(lián)系前文可知，作者的這位病友作家也喜歡Dr.Bernie的書，由此可推測(cè)此處意為：無(wú)疑他就是Dr.Bernie的一個(gè)粉絲。]16．A.sign B．smileC．mark D．mask答案B[聯(lián)系前文可知，“我們”兩個(gè)經(jīng)常見面，慢慢地成了朋友，而且“我們”都喜歡Dr.Bernie的書，由此可推知他讓“我”很開心。putasmileonone’sface是一個(gè)常用短語(yǔ)，意為“臉上綻放笑容”。]17．A.showedup B．setoffC．felldown D．passedaway答案D[聯(lián)系本句中的“unfortunately”和“duetohiscancer”可知作者的這位病友因癌癥去世了。passedaway去世。]18．A.since B．butC．so D．for答案B[前文講作者的病友因癌癥去世，后文說(shuō)“給我留下了很深的印象……”，可見前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選but。]19．A.guidance B．trustC．opportunity D．inspiration答案D[聯(lián)系后面的“pickupmypenagain”和“Ifhecandoit，thensocanI．”可知這位病友給了作者鼓舞，讓作者重新開始寫作。]20．A.promised B．sworeC．thought D．replied答案C[聯(lián)系后面的話可知，此處應(yīng)該是作者自己的感慨：我心想，“如果他能做到，那么我也能。”thinktooneself意為“心中想”。]Task2：用英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)要概述本文大意答案AfterreadingthebookwrittenbyBernieSiegel,theauthorwasgreatlyaffectedbytheactivelifeinthebook.Andencouragedbythespiritandattitudeofapatient,theauthordecidedtopickupthepenandcontinuedtowrite.Task3：詞匯積累1．positivityn．積極性2．exceptionaladj.異常的；例外的3．fromthenon從那時(shí)起4．a(chǎn)mbitiousadj.有雄心的5．strikeupaconversation攀談6．leaveadeepimpressionon給……留下深刻印象Task4：攻克長(zhǎng)難句ThestoriesofhisunconventionalideasandtheexceptionalpatientshewroteaboutweresoamazingtomeandhadsuchabigimpactonhowIsawlifefromthenon.分析：本句是主從復(fù)合句。主語(yǔ)是Thestoriesofhisunconventionalideasandtheexceptionalpatients，hewroteabout是定語(yǔ)從句；weresoamazingtomeandhad是并列謂語(yǔ)。Week2MondayTask1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2016·江蘇，C)ElNi?o，aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild，”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern，whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears，reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNi?oseeswarmwater，collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific，flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken，orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad，arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNi?os，onbalance，thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNi?oin1997—98helpedAmerica’seconomygrowby$15billion，partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests：farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti－yeardrought(干旱)insouth－eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNi?omayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia，theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNi?o，in1997—98，killedaround21，000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNi?oscomewithmonthsofwarning，andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI)，however，just12%ofdisaster－relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance，ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk－reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道)makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco－authors，civilconflictisrelatedtoElNi?o’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry，thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal，helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNi?o，reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象名字的得來(lái)、影響、危害等相關(guān)情況，希望人們對(duì)厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，以減少損失。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutElNi?oinParagraph1?A．ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B．Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C．ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D．Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的ElNi?oseeswarmwater，collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific，flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken，orsometimestheotherwayround可知，在海洋厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象引起水流方向的改變。]2．WhatmayElNi?osbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A．Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B．Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C．Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D．Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.答案C[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNi?os，onbalance，thantheylose.可知，富裕國(guó)家的收獲要比損失大。]3．ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat________．A．moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB．governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC．victimsofElNi?odeservemorecompensationD．recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的however，just12%ofdisaster－relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance可判斷出，應(yīng)該加大投資以降低厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象造成的損失。]4．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．TointroduceElNi?oanditsorigin.B．ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNi?o.C．ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNi?o.D．TourgepeopletoprepareforElNi?o.答案D[目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是最后一段中的helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetherisk...可判斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是督促人們?yōu)槎驙柲嶂Z現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好準(zhǔn)備。]Task2：詞匯積累1．normallyadv.正常地2．theotherwayround相反3．bringabout引起，導(dǎo)致4．disastern．災(zāi)難5．inadvance提前6．recoveryn．恢復(fù)7．reconstructionn．重建8．makeupfor補(bǔ)償9．priorityn．優(yōu)先權(quán)Task3：攻克長(zhǎng)難句ElNi?o，aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild，”wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern，whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears，reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.分析：ElNi?owasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermen是主句；aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”作同位語(yǔ)，對(duì)ElNi?o作進(jìn)一步的解釋；在who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，又包含定語(yǔ)從句whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears，修飾theglobalweatherpattern。Week2TuesdayTask1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2014·江蘇，A)NeverbeforehadaKitchensomuchofaHistoryIttellsofFreedom，Success，andoftheArchitectureofbigAmericancities.Becausethatiswhereitstarted：inthesecondhalfofthe19thcentury!WelcometoanewEraofKitchenInteriorDesignBackthen，aGenerationofsuccessfulAmericanEntrepreneursdreamtofanewstyleofArchitecturetoexpresstheirpersonalwealth.ThisdreamwasrealizedbyyoungarchitectssuchasDanielBurnhamandStanfordWhite.TheyallhadstudiedattheEcoledesBeaux－ArtsinParis.AndtheycreatedanewstyleforArchitectureandInteriorDesign，namedafterthefamousFrenchArtInstitute：Beaux－Arts.SieMaticBeauxArtsBreaksandCreatesInfactitwasnotanewsty