全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試《英語(yǔ)一》真題模擬卷一

全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試《英語(yǔ)一》真題模擬卷一

材料題根據(jù)下面資料，回答1-20題

BillGates,whoco-foundedMicrosoftandledthecompanyasitbecame

atechnologyjuggernaut,issteppingdownfromthecompany'sboardtospend

moretimeonhisphilanthropicwork.

Gates,whomadethe]Fridayafternoon,saidinaLinkedInpostthat

hewantsto''dedicatemoretimetophilanthropicpriorities2global

healthanddevelopment,education,andmyincreasingengagementin3

climatechange."Hedeclinedtocommentbeyondthepost,hisspokeswoman

BridgittArnoldsaid.

Gates4Microsoftin1975withhishighschoolfriendPaulAllen,

5diedinOctober2018.His6zealhelpedcreateacompanythat

dominatesthepersonalcomputing7.Intheprocess,Gatesamasseda

8.Heisthesecond-wealthiestpersonintheworld,withatotalnet

worthof$102billion,9onlyAmazonfounderJeffBezos,according

totheBloombergBillionairesIndex.

GatesbeganmovingawayfromMicrosoftin2000,10hegaveupthe

chiefexecutiveposthehadlongheld.SteveBallmer11therole,with

Gatesservingaschiefsoftwarearchitectandchairman.In2008,hestepped

downaschiefsoftwarearchitecttospendthebulkofhisworktimeat

theBillandMelindaGates12.HesteppeddownasMicrosoft,schairman

in2014.

Gateswill13toserveastechnologyadvisertoMicrosoftchief

executiveSatyaNadellaandothersatthecompany.Microsoftisnot14

Gates,sseatontheboard.''15Microsoft,steppingdownfromthe

board16meanssteppingawayfromthecompany,z，Gateswrote.

Inastatement,Nadellasaidhe17continuingtoworkwithGates.

MicrosoftdeclinedtomakeNadella18forfurthercomment.

Gateswillalsostepawayfromhisoneotherboardposition,atBerkshire

Hathaway,thecompany19byhislongtimefriendWarrenBuffett.

z,WarrenandIwerethebestoffriendslong20Ijoinedandwillbe

longafter,“Gateswrote.

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1.【完形填空】第（1）題選

A.advertisement

B.announcement

C.request

D.comment

正確答案：B

參考解析：［A］advertisement"廣告"，［B］announcement"宣布"，［C］request

"請(qǐng)求"，［D］comment“評(píng)論”

定語(yǔ)從句，Who指代前面的Gates,空格處填寫(xiě)一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)后面，hewantsto

"dedicatemoretimetophiIanthropicpriorities....,他想要投入更多的

時(shí)間在慈善事業(yè)，maketheannouncement,宣布。B正確。

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2.【完形填空】第（2）題選

A.including

B.consisting

C.excluding

D.excepting

正確答案：A

參考解析：［A］including"包括"，［B］consisting"組成"，［C］excluding

“排除”，［Dlexcepting“不包括”

根據(jù)后面的globalhealthanddevelopment,education,全球健康、發(fā)展、教

育等問(wèn)題，與PhiIanthrOPiCPrioritieS是一個(gè)包含關(guān)系，這里用一個(gè)

including,他想要把更多的時(shí)間優(yōu)先放在慈善事業(yè)上，比如全球健康、發(fā)展、

教育....

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3.【完形填空】第（3）題選

A.tackling

B.avoiding

C.attacking

D.pursing

正確答案：A

參考解析：［A］tackling”處理,解決"，［B］avoiding"避免"，［C］attacking

"攻擊"，［D］pursing“追求”

and連接兩個(gè)并列的句子，dedicatemoretimetophiIanthropicpriorities

投入更多時(shí)間來(lái)從事慈善，myincreasingengagementin一climatechange,

所以后面應(yīng)該是做慈善以及解決氣候變化。A正確。

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4.【完形填空】第（4）題選

A.found

B.closed

C.founded

D.installed

正確答案：C

參考解析：[A]found''發(fā)現(xiàn)"，[B]closed“關(guān)閉”，[C]founded“建立"，[D]installed

“安裝”，

主語(yǔ)gates,賓語(yǔ)MiCroSOft,中間填寫(xiě)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，然后in1975,withwith

hishighschoolfriendPaulAllen,常識(shí)，比爾蓋茨1975年創(chuàng)立的微軟公司，

C正確。

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5.【完形填空】第（5）題選

A.who

B.which

C.whom

D.what

正確答案：A

參考解析：定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為逗號(hào)的前一個(gè)，PaUIAIIen是一個(gè)人名，所以A

選項(xiàng)正確。

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6.【完形填空】第（6）題選

A.indifferent

B.Unenthusiastic

C.competitive

D.competent

正確答案：C

參考解析：[A]indifferent”冷漠的",[B]unenthusiastic“不熱心的”，

[C]competitive”有求勝心的"，[D]competent“有能力的"

空格處填寫(xiě)一'個(gè)形容詞，根據(jù)helpedcreateacompanythatdominatesthe

personalCOmPUting幫助他創(chuàng)造了一家雄霸私人電腦行業(yè)的公司，可得出是正面

積極的形容，competitivezeal符合題意。

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7.【完形填空】第（7）題選

A.business

B.industry

C.factory

D.device

正確答案：B

參考解析：[A]business“商業(yè)"，[B]induqtry,[C]factory“工廠”，[D]device

“裝置”

personalcomputingindustry”私人電腦行業(yè)”，為固定搭配

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8.【完形填空】第（8）題選

A.property

B.wealth

C.fortune

D.treasure

正確答案：C

參考解析：[A]property"財(cái)產(chǎn)"，[B]wealth"財(cái)富"，[C]fortune"財(cái)富"，

[D]treasure"寶藏"

因此根據(jù)語(yǔ)意推測(cè)空格所填詞應(yīng)為“財(cái)富”。此外，amassafortune為固定搭

配，意為“積累財(cái)富”。

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9.【完形填空】第（9）題選

A.between

B.behind

C.beside

D.around

正確答案：B

參考解析：[A]between”在...中間”，[B]behind"在...后面"，[C]beside

“在……旁邊”，[D]around"在……周圍”

根據(jù)Heisthesecond-wealthiestpersonintheWOrld他是世界第二富有的

人，常識(shí)推測(cè)JeffBeZOS為當(dāng)時(shí)的世界首富。故根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)選[B]behind

“在……后面”。

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10.【完形填空】第（IO）題選

A.where

B.why

C.when

D.which

正確答案：C

參考解析：[A]where表地點(diǎn)，[B]why表原因，[C]when,[D]which為關(guān)系代詞

空格處前面提到蓋茨在2000年離開(kāi)微軟，后面提到蓋茨放棄了他執(zhí)行總裁的職

位，這也是蓋茨在2000年做的事情。因此應(yīng)為When（表時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞）引導(dǎo)的

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

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11.【完形填空】第（11）題選

A.tookup

B.tookon

C.tookoff

D.tookin

正確答案：B

參考解析:[A]tookup"占據(jù)"，[B]tookon"接任...的角色"，[C]tookoff

“起飛"，MtOOkin“吸收”

hegaveupthechiefexecutiveposthehadlongheld蓋茨放棄?,他長(zhǎng)期擁

有的執(zhí)行總裁的職位.主語(yǔ)SteVeBaIImer賓語(yǔ)therole（指代執(zhí)行總裁

的職位），空格填寫(xiě)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，所以應(yīng)為SteVeBaiIer接任了蓋茨的執(zhí)行總裁

的位置，tookontherole為固定搭配，意為“接任……的角色”

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12.【完形填空】第（12）題選

A.Constitution

B.Corporation

C.Foundation

D.Institution

正確答案：C

參考解析：[A]Constitution”憲法,體制"，[B]Corporation"公司",

[C]FOUndation"基金會(huì)"，[D]Institution“機(jī)構(gòu)”

BillandMelindaGatesFoundation“比爾和梅林達(dá)?蓋茨基金會(huì)”為專有名

詞

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13.【完形填空】第（13）題選

A.complete

B.continue

C.decline

D.stop

正確答案：B

參考解析：[A]complete"完成"，[B]continue"繼續(xù)"，[C]decline"拒絕"，

[D]stop“停止”

根據(jù)上下文，蓋茨辭掉了首席軟件架構(gòu)師，也辭掉了微軟主席的職位，Microsoft

isnotGates,sseatontheboard,微軟會(huì)保留蓋茨的董事會(huì)席位，所以

空格處意為“蓋茨會(huì)繼續(xù)作為微軟公司首席執(zhí)行官和其他人的技術(shù)顧問(wèn)”，B正

確。

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14.【完形填空】第（14）題選

A.filling

B.taking

C.removing

D.emptying

正確答案：A

參考解析:[A]filling“填補(bǔ)”，[B]taking"就座"，[C]removing“移動(dòng)”，

[D]emptying"卸空"

GateswillcontinuetoserveastechnologyadvisertoMicrosoftchief

executive,蓋茨會(huì)繼續(xù)作為微軟公司首席執(zhí)行官的技術(shù)顧問(wèn)，所以空格處句意

“微軟仍然在董事會(huì)留給蓋茨一席之地”，A正確。

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15.【完形填空】第（15）題選

A.Inadditionto

B.Inlinewith

C.Withrespectto

D.Inreferenceto

正確答案：C

參考解析：[A]Inadditionto”除...之外解[B]Inlinewith"與.....致考

[C]Withrespectto"就...而言"，[D]Inpreferenceto"優(yōu)于..."

據(jù)前后語(yǔ)意和邏輯推斷，無(wú)兩者比較之意，故只有[C]Withrespectto正確，排

除其他選項(xiàng)。

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16.【完形填空】第（16）題選

A.inaway

B.innoway

C.intheway

D.ontheway

正確答案：B

參考解析:[A]inaway”在...程度上"，[B]innoway"絕不"，[C]inthe

way"妨礙"，[D]ontheway"在路上”

前文提到蓋茨會(huì)繼續(xù)作為微軟公司首席執(zhí)行官和其他人的技術(shù)顧問(wèn)，所以對(duì)微軟

來(lái)說(shuō)，離開(kāi)董事會(huì)并不一定意味著離開(kāi)公司，空格處表否定，B正確。

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17.【完形填空】第（17）題選

A.looksUPto

B.looksdownupon

C.looksforwardto

D.comesupwith

正確答案：C

參考解析:[A]looksupto"欽佩"，[B]looksdownupon"輕視"，[C]looks

forwardto"盼望"，[D]comesupWith"想起"

空格處主語(yǔ)Nadella，賓語(yǔ)continuingtoworkwithGates,納德拉是微

軟的首席執(zhí)行官，因此他希望與蓋茨繼續(xù)工作是合理的；此外，lookforwardto

中to為介詞,后面加doing。

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18.【完形填空】第(18)題選

A.advisable

B.available

C.valuable

D.reliable

正確答案：B

參考解析：[Aladvisable“明智的”，[B]“available”，[C]valuable“有價(jià)

值的“，Mreliable“可信賴的”

Inastatement,Nadellasaidhelookforwardtocontinuingtoworkwith

Gates.在一次陳述中，納德拉說(shuō)他很期待繼續(xù)與蓋茨共事，declinedto表否

定，forfurthercomment進(jìn)一步評(píng)論，可得，應(yīng)該是蓋茨離開(kāi)微軟，微軟拒絕

讓納德拉做過(guò)多評(píng)論，所以選[B]available

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19.【完形填空】第(19)題選

A.functioned

B.run

C.worked

D.watched

正確答案：B

參考解析：[A]functioned"運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)"，[B]run"經(jīng)營(yíng)"，[C]worked"工作"，[D]watched

“看”

空格所在句提到“蓋茨將會(huì)辭掉他在伯克希爾?哈撒韋公司董事會(huì)的職位。這家

公司被他的老朋友沃倫?巴菲特O主語(yǔ)為公司，公司只能被經(jīng)營(yíng)，故選

[B]runo

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20.【完形填空】第(20)題選

A.before

B.after

C.as

D.until

正確答案：A

參考解析：[A]before"之前"，[B]after"在……之后"，[C]as"在……時(shí)候”，

[D]until“直到...”

”前文提到沃倫是蓋茨的longtimefriend”長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的好朋友”。故應(yīng)選[A]before,

即句子意為“在加入公司很久以前就是好朋友”。

材料題根據(jù)下面資料，回答21-25題

The￡1.57bnrescuepackagefortheartsthattheUKgovernmentannounced

on5Julywasbothabsolutelynecessaryandrightlywelcomed.Thefunds

oughttobesufficienttosustainBritain,sartisticandcultural

infrastructureuntilthespring.Hadtheynotmaterialised,institutions

suchastheRoyalOperaHousewouldhavefacedcollapsebyChristmas.

Yettheatres,concerthalls,operahousesandartscentresareonlythe

pipesthroughwhichartflows.Whileitisclearlyimportanttokeepthis

infrastructurefunctioning,itisofabsolutelynouseonitsown.Indeed,

thepurelyphysicalinfrastructureis,byandlarge,theprobleminterms

ofCOVID-19,sinceitpresentstheissueofmassgatheringsindoors.It

isthework—artmadebyfreelancers—thatmatters,andthataudiences

paytosee.

Freelancers,however,weremissingfromtheannouncement,andabsentfrom

RishiSunak,ssupposedlyjobs-focusedsummerstatement.Theoverwhelming

majorityoftheculturalworkforceinBritainisfreelance,morethan70%

intheatrealone:self-employedsetdesigners,artists,musicians,

technicians,actors,directors,composers,soundengineers,stage

managersandmanymorekindsofcreatorsandskilledworkers.Thiscompares

with15.3%acrossthewholeeconomy.Thegovernment,ssupportschemefor

theself-employedjudderstoahaltattheendofOctober(andasmanyas

oneinthreeintheatre,andthesameproportionofmusicians,isanyway

ineligibleforit)

Sofar,rhetoricaroundculturalfreelancers,prospectshascentredon

gettingvenuesworkingagain.Buttheatresandconcerthallshavenoidea

whentheywillbeallowedtoreopen,andwhentheydowillnotbepermitted

tooperateatfullcapacity.Thoseintheperformingartsfacea

potentiallygrimfuture,effectivelypreventedfromworkingaftermost

otherpartsoftheeconomyhavebeguntofunctionagain.

Therearewaystoalleviatethesituation.Venuescouldbequicklyallowed

toopensuchthatfreelancerscanbeemployedagain一butthatisclearly

dependentonthegovernment,swidersuccess,orotherwise,ingrappling

withthepandemic,andcannothappenuntilitisabsolutelysafe.Plenty

ofartistsarewilling,evendesperate,tobringforwardinventivenew

waysofmakingworkandtakingitmoresatelyoutdoors,intocommunities,

ontostreets—anoptionnowopeninEngland,whereoutdoor,socially

distancedperformancesarepermittedfromSaturday.Organisations

receivingemergencyfundingcouldbeobligedtocommissionandfacilitate

workbeyondtheirownwalls,ratherthantousethemoneytomothbal1（封

存）themselves;oraportionoftheemergencyfundscouldbefunnelled

towardsfreelancers.

Doingnothingisnotanoption.Itisfreelancerswhomakeart.Itisart

thathaspublicvalue—thatbringsbenefitsforciviccohesion,education

andwellbeing.Itisartthatwillcontributetotheeconomicrecovery

fromthecrisis.Itisartinwhichaudiencesfindsolace,provocation

andjoy.

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21.【閱讀理解PartA10ncetherescuepackagefortheartsisimplemented,

Britishartsandculturalinstitutions

A.willhaveameaningfulChristmas.

B.canmaintainforaperiodoftime.

C.wouldrestorethegloryofthepast.

D.canavoidthefateofcollapse.

正確答案：B

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：當(dāng)一旦藝術(shù)救助計(jì)劃得以實(shí)施，英國(guó)的藝術(shù)文化機(jī)構(gòu).

ThefundsoughttobesufficienttosustainBritain,sartisticandcultural

infrastructureuntilthespring.Hadtheynotmaterialised,institutions

suchastheRoyalOperaHousewouldhavefacedcollapsebyChristmas.這

筆資金應(yīng)該足以支撐英國(guó)的藝術(shù)和文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施直到明年春季。如果計(jì)劃沒(méi)有實(shí)

現(xiàn)，像英國(guó)皇家歌劇院這樣的機(jī)構(gòu)將在圣誕節(jié)前面臨倒閉。B選項(xiàng)“可以維持一

段時(shí)間”正確。

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22.【閱讀理解PartA】Itisuselesstokeepartsandcultural

infrastructurefunctioningbecause

it,stheworkmadebyfreelancersthatcounts.

B

Caudiencesaremostlyhardupformoney.

Dlargeindoorgatheringsarenotallowedatpresent.

itwillbeusedasalarge-scalemeetingplace.

正確答案：C

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：維持藝術(shù)和文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的正常運(yùn)行沒(méi)有作用，因?yàn)?/p>

Indeed,thepurelyphysicalinfrastructureis,byandlarge,theproblem

intermsofCOVID-19,sinceitpresentstheissueofmassgatherings

indoors.盡管維持此基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施正常運(yùn)行很重要，但就其本身而言是絕對(duì)沒(méi)有用

處的。實(shí)際上，就新冠肺炎疫情而言，純粹的實(shí)體基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施大體上就是問(wèn)題所在，

因?yàn)樗鼛?lái)了室內(nèi)大規(guī)模集會(huì)的問(wèn)題。C選項(xiàng)“目前不允許大型室內(nèi)集會(huì)”正確。

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23.【閱讀理解PartA]Theword"grim"mostprobablymeans

A.gloomy.

B.bright.

C.foreseeable.

D.indefinite.

正確答案：A

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：?jiǎn)卧~“grim”最有可能的意思是

Sofar,rhetoricaroundculturalfreelancers(prospectshascentredon

gettingvenuesworkingagain.Buttheatresandconcerthallshavenoidea

whentheywillbeallowedtoreopen,andwhentheydowillnotbepermitted

tooperateatfullcapacity.Thoseintheperformingartsfacea

potentiallygrimfuture,effectivelypreventedfromworkingaftermost

otherpartsoftheeconomyhavebeguntofunctionagain.到目前為止，

圍繞文化自由職業(yè)者前景的言論集中在讓場(chǎng)館重新運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)上。但是劇院和音樂(lè)廳不

知道什么時(shí)候可以重新開(kāi)放，而當(dāng)它們重新開(kāi)放的時(shí)候也不能以其最大容納量營(yíng)

業(yè)。表演藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的從業(yè)者面臨著潛在的嚴(yán)峻前景，在大多數(shù)其他經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域開(kāi)始

恢復(fù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后，他們實(shí)際上已經(jīng)無(wú)法工作。A選項(xiàng)“黑暗的”正確。

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24.【閱讀理解PartA]Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingis

true?

A.Artistsshouldhavethecouragetobringforthnewideas.

B.Theartisticprocesscaneasethefreelancers'emotions.

C.Somethingmustbedonetohelpfreelancersout.

D.Thegovernmentisresponsibleforthestatusoffreelancers.

正確答案：C

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：在作者看來(lái)，下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？

Doingnothingisnotanoption.Itisfreelancerswhomakeart.Itisart

thathaspublicvalue—thatbringsbenefitsforciviccohesion,education

andwellbeing.Itisartthatwillcontributetotheeconomicrecovery

fromthecrisis.Itisartinwhichaudiencesfindsolace,provocation

andjoy.什么都不做不是一個(gè)選擇。創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)的是自由職業(yè)者。只有具有公眾

價(jià)值的藝術(shù)才能為公民凝聚力、教育和福祉帶來(lái)好處。藝術(shù)將有助于經(jīng)濟(jì)從危機(jī)

中復(fù)蘇。藝術(shù)能讓觀眾找到慰藉、刺激和快樂(lè)。換言之，一定要做些什么，C項(xiàng)

符合文意，故為正確答案。

查看材料

25.【閱讀理解PartA]Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.TheBleakOutlookforFreelancers

B.UK,sRescuePackagefortheArts

C.TheImportanceofArttoaCountry

D.FreelancersMustNotBeForgotten

正確答案：D

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：以下哪項(xiàng)是本文的最佳標(biāo)題？

本文首段指出英國(guó)政府的藝術(shù)救助計(jì)劃足以支撐英國(guó)的藝術(shù)和文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施直

到明年春季。第二段指出維持藝術(shù)文化的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施正常運(yùn)行很重要，但沒(méi)有用。

第三段指出政府忽略了自由職業(yè)者的重要性。第四段指出讓場(chǎng)館重新運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不能解

決自由職業(yè)者的困境。第五段指出有一些方法可以緩解自由職業(yè)者的困境。最后

一段作者呼吁一定要做些什么，什么都不做不是一個(gè)選擇。綜上，本文的關(guān)鍵是

“自由職業(yè)者”，從文章后面幾段可以看出自由職業(yè)者的重要性，因此D項(xiàng)總體

來(lái)說(shuō)符合文意，故為正確答案。

材料題根據(jù)下面資料，回答26-30題

Aristotlereckonedthefacewasawindowontoaperson'Smind.Cicero

agreed.Twomillenniaon,facialexpressionsarestillcommonlythought

tobeauniversallyvalidwaytogaugeotherpeople,sfeelings,

irrespectiveofage,sexandculture.Araisedeyebrowsuggestsconfusion.

Asmiledenoteshappiness.Afrownindicatessadness.

Ordothey?Ananalysisofhundredsofresearchpapersthatexaminedthe

relationshipbetweenfacialexpressionsandunderlyingemotionshas

uncoveredasurprisingconclusion:thereisnogoodscientificevidence

tosuggestthattherearesuchthingsasrecognisablefacialexpressions

forbasicemotionswhichareuniversalacrosscultures.Justbecausea

personisnotsmiling,theresearchersfound,doesnotmeanthatperson

isunhappy.

AsLisaFeldmanBarrett,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,publishedin

PsychologicalScienceinthePublicInterest,toldtheAAASmeetingin

Seattle,“Wesurprisedourselves”.DrFeldmanBarrettisapsychologist

atNortheasternUniversityinBoston,Massachusetts,andalongwithher

colleaguesshefoundthat,onaverage,adultsinurbanculturesscowled

whentheywereangry30%ofthetime.Whichmeantthatsome70%ofthe

timetheydidnotscowlwhenangry.Instead,theydidsomethingelsewith

theirfaces.Peoplealsoscowledwhentheywerenotangry.z,Theyscowl

whenthey,reconcentrating,theyscowlwhensomeonetellsthemabadjoke,

theyscowlwhentheyhavegas,theyscowlforlotsofreasons,,,saysDr

FeldmanBarrett.

Ascowl,theresearchersconcluded,iscertainlyoneexpressionofanger.

Butitisnottheonlywaypeopleexpressthatemotion.Theambiguousnature

offacialexpressionswasnotrestrictedtoanger,butseemedvalidfor

allsixoftheemotionalcategoriesthattheyexamined:anger,disgust,

fear,happiness,sadnessandsurprise.

Facialexpressionisbutoneofanumberofnon-verbalcues,suchasbody

posture,thatpeopleusetocommunicatewitheachother.Machine

recognitionofemotionneedstotakeaccountoftheseaswell.ButConteXt

Canreachfurtherthanthat.DrMartinezcitedanexperimentinwhich

participantswereshownaclose-uppictureofaman,sface,whichwas

brightredwithhismouthopeninascream.Basedonthisalone,most

participantssaidthemanwasextremelyangry.Thentheviewzoomedout

toshowafootballplayerwithhisarmsoutstretched,celebratingagoal.

Hisangry^lookingfacewas,infact,ashowofpurejoy.

Giventhatpeoplecannotguesseachother,semotionalstatesmostofthe

time,DrMartinezseesnoreasoncomputerswouldbeableto."Thereare

companiesrightnowclaimingtobeabletodothatandapplythistoplaces

Ifindreallyscaryanddangerous,forexample,inhiringpeople,z,hesays.

,,SomecompaniesrequireyoutosubmitavideoCV,andthenthisisanalysed

byamachine-learningsystem.Anddependingonyourfacialexpressions,

theyhireyouornot,whichIfindreallystunningandnotonlybasedon

thewronghypothesis,butadangeroushypothesis.,,

查看材料

26.【閱讀理解PartA]Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,

A.thatfacialexpressionscanexpressemotionsistime-tested.

B.people,sperceptionoffacialexpressionsiswrongovertheyears.

C.thestatementofoutstandingpeopleissometimeswrong.

D.theemotionsrepresentedbyfacialexpressionsaffectedbyculture.

正確答案：B

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：根據(jù)前兩段，

thereisnogoodscientificevidencetosuggestthattherearesuchthings

asrecognisablefacialexpressionsforbasicemotionswhichareuniversal

acrosscultures.Justbecauseapersonisnotsmiling,theresearchers

found,doesnotmeanthatpersonisunhappy.沒(méi)有充分的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，

在不同文化中，基本情緒都有可識(shí)別的面部表情。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個(gè)人沒(méi)有微

笑并不意味著他不快樂(lè)。所以B選項(xiàng)“多年來(lái)人們對(duì)面部表情的認(rèn)識(shí)是錯(cuò)的”正

確。

查看材料

27.【閱讀理解PartA]AccordingtoBarrett,sresearch,

A.therearemanywaystoexpressemotions.

B.differentpeoplehavedifferentreasonsforscowl.

C.theexpressionofangerlooksquiteambiguous.

D.oneexpressioncanexpressvariousemotions.

正確答案：D

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：根據(jù)巴雷特的研究，.

先定位到第三段，巴雷特的內(nèi)容，onaverage,adultsinurbanculturesscowled

whentheywereangry30%ofthetime.Whichmeantthatsome70%ofthe

timetheydidnotscowlwhenangry.Instead,theydidsomethingelsewith

theirfaces.Peoplealsoscowledwhentheywerenotangry.z,Theyscowl

whenthey,reconcentrating,theyscowlwhensomeonetellsthemabadjoke,

theyscowlwhentheyhavegas,theyscowlforlotsofreasons,z,saysDr

FeldmanBarrett.通常，城市中的成年人生氣時(shí)平均有30%的時(shí)間會(huì)皺眉。這

意味著大約70%的情況下，他們生氣的時(shí)候不會(huì)皺眉。相反，他們做了其他的表

情。人們?cè)诓簧鷼獾臅r(shí)候也會(huì)皺眉。費(fèi)爾德曼?巴雷特博士說(shuō)：“集中注意力時(shí)一，

他們會(huì)皺眉；有人講了一個(gè)糟糕的笑話時(shí)，他們會(huì)皺眉；放屁時(shí)，他們會(huì)皺眉，

他們皺眉的原因有很多?！保訢選項(xiàng)“同一個(gè)表情可以表達(dá)多種情緒”正

確。

查看材料

28.【閱讀理解PartA]Whatdoes"contextcanreachfurther"mean?

A.Almostallexpressionshaveacertaincontext.

B.Machinerecognitionofemotionneedscontext.

C.Facialexpressionsalsoneedtobeunderstoodincontext.

D.Theexpressionsonthephotosarenotnecessarilytrue.

正確答案：C

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：畫(huà)橫線的句子“Contextcanreachfurther”是什么意思

聯(lián)系上下文，根據(jù)后一段內(nèi)容，DrMartinezcitedanexperimentinwhich

participantswereshownaclose-uppictureofama∏,sface,whichwas

brightredwithhismouthopeninascream.Basedonthisalone,most

participantssaidthemanwasextremelyangry.Thentheviewzoomedout

toshowafootballplayerwithhisarmsoutstretched,celebratingagoal.

Hisangry^lookingfacewas,infact,ashowofpurejoy.在該實(shí)驗(yàn)中，

研究人員給參與者展示了一名男子的臉部特寫(xiě)照片，照片上的人滿臉通紅，嘴巴

張大，發(fā)出尖叫。僅僅根據(jù)這一點(diǎn)，大多數(shù)參與者都說(shuō)那個(gè)人非常生氣。然后畫(huà)

面縮小，顯示為一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員伸出雙臂慶祝進(jìn)球。他那張生氣的臉，實(shí)際上是

在表達(dá)一種純粹的喜悅。C選項(xiàng)“面部表情還需要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境來(lái)理解”正確。

查看材料

29.【閱讀理解PartA]DrMartinez,sattitudetowardapplyingcomputers

torecognizeexpressionsis

A.opposed.

B.objective.

C.unclear.

D.suspicious.

正確答案：A

參考解析：而題：馬丁內(nèi)斯博士對(duì)應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)識(shí)別表情的態(tài)度是

Giventhatpeoplecannotguesseachother,semotionalstatesmostofthe

time,DrMartinezseesnoreasoncomputerswouldbeableto.考慮至IJ人

們大部分時(shí)間里都無(wú)法猜測(cè)彼此的情緒狀態(tài)，馬丁內(nèi)斯博士認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)沒(méi)有理由

能夠做到這一點(diǎn)，所以馬丁內(nèi)斯博士的態(tài)度應(yīng)該是反對(duì)的，A正確。

查看材料

30.【閱讀理解PartA]Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.ASmileDoesNotAlwaysMeanSomeoneIsHappy

B.TheFaceWasNotaWindowontoaPerson,SMind

C.FactorstoBeConsideredinUnderstandingFacialExpressions

D.AccuratelyJudgetheExpressionsofPeopleinPhotos

正確答案：A

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：以下哪項(xiàng)是本文的最佳標(biāo)題？

本題考查文章的主旨大意。前兩段指出人們都認(rèn)為面部表情能夠代表情緒，然而

研究卻發(fā)現(xiàn)并非如此。第三、四段指出面部表情不能代表情緒的證據(jù)。第五段指

出面部表情還需要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境來(lái)理解。最后一段總結(jié)指出計(jì)算機(jī)無(wú)法做到通過(guò)識(shí)別

面部表情來(lái)判斷人的情感，因此將其用于某些領(lǐng)域是很危險(xiǎn)的。由此可見(jiàn)，本文

主要圍繞面部表情不能代表情緒展開(kāi)，即笑并不代表就是快樂(lè)的,A項(xiàng)符合文意，

故為正確答案。

材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答31-35題

ImaginebeingabletotravelfromNewYorktoLosAngeleswithouthaving

tosteponaplane,yetbeabletodosoinafractionofthetimeitwould

taketodrive.LastmonthanewJapanesemaglevtrainreachedatopspeed

ofcloseto400mph,breakingitsownworldrecordintheprocess.And

thesightoffuturisticlookingtrainswhizzingpastplatformsathundreds

ofmilesperhourisn,tconfinedtoJapan:China,FranceandSpain,to

nameafew,havetheirownhigh-speedrailnetworks.Indeed,whilethese

bullettrainsmaylookfuturistic,theyhavebeenaroundfordecades;

they,reatriedandtestedtechnologythattheJapanesedebutedover50

yearsago.

Sosurelyit,sonlyamatteroftimebeforelargenumbersofU.S.

passengersaredoingadailycommutetoNewYorkfromWashingtonandBoston

inaboutthetimeitwouldtakethemtodrivetoworkintheirowncities,

right?Notanytimesoon.Whileseveralcountrieshaveundertakenthe

toughworkofraisingthemoneytoinvestinbullettrains,it'Sunlikely

theUnitedStateswilleverseethevastnetworkofhigh-speedtrainsthat

blanketothercountries.Indeed,passengerrai1serviceintheUnited

Stateslagsbehindmuchoftherestofthedevelopedworld.

MuchoftheUnitedStatesisnotexactlyanidealmarketforhigh-speed

rail.Comparedtoplaceswhererailreallyflourishes—JapanandWestern

Europe,forinstance一theUnitedStatesisgeographicallyvast.Asa

result,inmuchofthecountry,citiesarefarenoughapartthatairtravel

providessignificanttimesavings,evencomparedtosomeofthefastest

trains.

Thelayoutofcitiesmatters,too.WhenyouarriveinTokyo,Parisor

Barcelona,it,softenconvenientandevenpleasanttowalktoyourfinal

destination.Whenit'Snot,afastandfrequentmasstransportationsystem

awaitstowhiskyouaway.ThisisnottheeaseinmanyAmericancities,

wherearrivingbytraintypicallymeansjumpingintoacaborrentinga

carforthelastlegofyourjourney.Simplyput,inmanysprawlingU.S.

cities,gettingtoyourdestinationbytraincanstillmeanyou'vegot

quiteawayyettogethome.Wecouldchangethat.Andweprobablyshould.

Butwe'renotthereyet.

TheNortheastCorridor(Boston-NewYork-Washington)comesinatthetop

ofjustabouteverylistofpotentialcandidatesforhigh-speedrail,with

thedistancesinvolvedbeingconsideredwithinthe"Goldilocks“zonefor

fasttrains.Forexample,atjustover200milesfromNewYorktoboth

BostonandWashington,fasttrainscouldcompetewithevenfaster

airplanesbyofferingcentrallylocatedstationsandprovidingan

alternativetothehassleofairportsecuritylines.Thesecitiesaredense,

havestrongdowntowns,andextensivemasstransitsystemsonceyouarrive.

However,thebiggestbarriertoimprovedrailserviceintheUnitedStates

issimplythelackofpoliticalwill.Atthefederallevel,supportfor

passengerrailservicehaslanguishedandWashingtonhasdevolved

decision-making(andincreasingly,funding)tothestates.Withthe

nation,stransportationtrustfundnearlybrokeandnopermanentsolution

insight,itseemsunlikelythefederalgovernmentwillchampion

high-speedrail—acostlyendeavor—inthenearfuture.

Allthispointstohowhigh-speedrailwilllikelyprogressintheUnited

States:piecemeal.ItisdoubtfulthatWewillhaveanationwidesystem

offasttrainssoon.Andthisisnotnecessarilyabadthing;througha

combinationofprivateandpublicaction,weshouldtargetmarketswhere

high-speedrailmakessense.Thatmeanslookingforshortercorridors

connectingdenseplaceswithexistingmasstransitinfrastructure.

查看材料

31.【閱讀理解PartA]TheJapanesemaglevtrainreleasedlast

month.

A.boastsofthefastestspeedinthewholeworld

B.dependsontechnologyinvented50yearsago

C.isknownforitsfuturistic-lookingdesign

D.surpassesChina,FranceandSpainintermsofinnovation

正確答案：A

參考解析：?jiǎn)栴}：日本上個(gè)月推出的磁懸浮。

LastmonthanewJapanesemaglevtrainreachedatopspeedofcloseto

400mph,breakingitsownworldrecordintheprocess.上個(gè)月，一款新

的日本磁懸浮列車的最高時(shí)速接近400英里，打破了它自己保持的世界紀(jì)錄，說(shuō)

明之前日本高速列車的速度就是世界上最快的，A正確。

查看材料

32.【閱讀理解PartA]ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that.

A.commutersbetweenNewYork,WashingtonandBostonprefertodriveto

work

B.eachstateintheUShastoraisethemoneyonitsowntoinvestin

bullettrains

C.theprospectofahugenetworkofhigh-speedtrainscoveringtheUS

isbleak

D.it,sonlyamat