安徽省名校2020-2021學(xué)年高二12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

名校聯(lián)盟2020?2021學(xué)年高二12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷考生注意:1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。4.本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Countnumbers. B.Makethebed. C.Hideherself.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Five,four,three,two,one...HereIe!Now,wherecouldyoube?Notunderthetable…notunderthebed…notinthecloset…Thereyouare—behindthedoor!M:Youfoundme,Mommy!Nowit’syourturntohide.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whowillgoskiingduringwinterbreak?A.Theman. B.Thewoman. C.Theman'sdog.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Areyouingskiingwithusduringwinterbreak?M:No.Unfortunately,Ihavetostayathomewithmydog.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Astudent. B.Agardener. C.Astoreowner.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Didyoubuyallofthosevegetablesatthestore?M:No.Igotthemfromthemunitygarden.Ivolunteerthereafterschooltwodaysaweek.SoIamallowedtotakethesehomeforfree!4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howmanylettersdidthemangetthisweek?A.Eight. B.Two. C.None.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Igottwolettersandeightemailsfrommyoldfriendsthisweek.M:Oh,really?Ineverhearfromanyone.ButIneverwrite,either.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanewrestaurant. B.Inadepartmentstore. C.Inalocalbank.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme.Doyouhavethisdressinalargersize?M:Whatsizeisthatyouhavenow?W:Medium.Butitisalittlebittightforme.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?ASalesmanandcustomer. B.Reporterandpasserby. C.Bossandsecretary.7.WhatdoesthewomandotocelebrateChristmas?A.Haveafamilydinner. B.WorkattheCityHall. C.Meetwithforeignpeople.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,thisisCharlesRichardfromChannel7News,andwe'redownhere,uh,attheCityMall,interviewingpeopleonhowtheycelebrateChristmas.And,uh,hi,younglady,whatisyourname?W:ElizabethCarter.M:And,uh,Elizabeth,howdoesyourfamilycelebrateChristmas?W:Wegoskiing,andwegoovertomygrandparents'housetohavedinnerwiththem.M:AnddoesyourfamilyeatanythingparticularforChristmas?W:Turkey…M:Oh,thatsoundsgreat.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhatwastheweatherlikeinMexicowhenthespeakerswerethere?A.Veryhot. B.Prettycool. C.Extremelycold.9.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutgoingbacktoMexico?A.Excited. B.Annoyed. C.Worried.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Wherewillwegoduringthisbreak?M:IwasthinkingofaplaceinMexico.Doyourememberwhenwewenttothatreallyhotplaceseveralyearsago?Wherethewaterwasalmostaswarmastheairandwehadahardtimesleepingatnight?W:Yeah…M:I’dliketogobackthere.W:But…M:Don’tworry,though.Wewentduringthesummerlasttime,August,Ithink.Thistime,it’llbewinter.It’sperfectweatherthereinJanuary.Andwe’llbeabletowatchthewhalesthatlivetherefromDecembertoFebruary.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatisknownaboutthewoman?A.Shehasfinishedreadingthebook.B.Shewillreadanewbookquitesoon.C.Sheenjoysreadingthebookverymuch.11.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Readalittleofthebookdaily.B.Putdownthebookrightaway.C.Readthebookagainandagain.12.Whydoesthewomanfailtoremembercertainpartsverywell?A.Shereadstoofast.B.Shehastroublewithmemory.C.Shehardlyunderstandsthem.【答案】10.C11.A12.A【解析】【原文】M:Didn'tyoujustgetthatbookfromthelibrary?W:Yes,afewdaysago.M:Itlookslikeyou'realmostfinishedwithit.Whyareyoureadingitsofast?W:IlikethestorysomuchthatIcanhardlyputitdown.M:Well,wecan'tgettothelibraryuntiltheweekend.So,youwon'thaveanythingnewtoreaduntilthen.Youshouldreadonlyafewchapterseachday.W:I'lldothatwiththenextbook.Thisoneistooexciting.M:Whatareyougoingtodofortherestoftheweek?TherearefourdaysleftbeforeSaturdayarrives.W:IthinkI'llreadthisbookagain.WhenIreadquickly,Idon'tremembercertainpartsverywell.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Approachestodevelopingsomeotherhobbies.B.Planstocelebratetheirson’singbirthday.C.Preparationsforvarietiesofshoppingactivities.14.Whatdothespeakersplantodofortheirson?A.Buyhimsometoys. B.Drivehimonaplane. C.Helphimmakeboats.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Monday. B.Wednesday. C.Friday.16.WherewillthespeakersgoonSaturdaymorning?A.ToaKFC. B.Tothemuseum. C.Tothezoo.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Ourson’sbirthdayisinthreedays’time.Howshallwecelebrateit,dear?M:Ithinkweshouldbuysometoysforhim.W:Doyouthinkso?M:Yes,heenjoysplayingwithplanes,modelcarsandboats.Howaboutbuyingsomeforhim?W:Yes,Iagree.M:ButIdon’tthinkit’senoughonlytobuysomethingforhim.W:Whatelsedoyouwanttodoforhim?M:Youknow,it’srightonSaturday.Weareallfreethatday.Let’stakehimtothezoo.W:Goodidea.It’salongtimesincewewentouttogether.M:Let’stakehimtothezoointhemorningandthenhaveourlunchtogetherinaKFC.W:Oursonwillbemadwithjoytohearit.M:Ithinkhewill.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whywasapetitionheld?A.Totestallthecityplanners.B.Tochoosethegreatestland.C.Tofindabuildingdesigner.18.WhendidtheconstructionoftheWhiteHousestart?A.In1700. B.In1792. C.In1800.19.WhathappenedtotheWhiteHousein1812?A.Itwasbadlydestroyed. B.Itwasburntpletely. C.Itwasofficiallynamed.20.What'sthepartoftheWhiteHouseknownasinPresidentFranklinRoosevelt'stime?A.ThePresident'sHouse. B.TheExecutive【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】ThefirstAmericanPresident,GeorgeWashington,workedwiththecityplannerPierreL'Enfanttochoosethelandforthenewpresidentialhome.Apetitionwasheldtofindabuildingdesigner.Nineplanswereconsidered,andthearchitectJamesHobanwon.Constructionbeganin1792.ThefirstpresidenttolivetherewasJohnAdams.HeandhiswifeAbigailmovedintotheWhiteHousein1800.Duringthewarof1812,BritishtroopsburnedmostoftheinsideoftheWhiteHouse.JamesHobanhelpedrebuildit.Overtheyears,eachpresidenthasmadechangesoradditionstothebuilding.TheWhiteHousewallsaremadeofstonethatispaintedwhite.Butthefamousbuildinghashadothernamesovertime,includingthePresident'sHouseandtheExecutiveInthe1930s,PresidentFranklinRooseveltdecidedtorebuildandexpandpartofthebuildingthatbecameknownastheWestWing.SomeofthepublicroomsintheWhiteHousearenamedaftercolors.ThereistheBlueRoom,theGreenRoomandtheRedRoom.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASummerCampJobsLookingtohavethebestsummerexperienceever?Ourcampsemploystaff(員工)foranumberofroles,includingcampcounselors(顧問(wèn)),waterandsportsspecialists,andarts,theatreandoutdooradventurespecialists.Itwouldbebetterifyouhaveanyexperienceinworkingwithchildren!JCUSA(JewishCampsUSA)willworkwithyoutofindthemostsuitableroleandcampforyou.WhatyouaregoingtodoThisisajoblikenoother;wepersonallygettoknowyouandourmostimportantthingistomakesurethatyougotoacampthatsuitsallofyoursituations.★Therightovernightcampyoucanselectthiskindofcamptohaveastart.Don’tworry,youwillfeelfortableandrightathome.★ThecorrectroleAtcamptherearemanydifferentrolesandwewilldecidetogetherfromyourapplicationandinterviewwhatwillsuityoubest.Wewilllookintoyourpreviousexperiencesandfocusonwhatyouneedforyourfuturetogiveyouthechancetodosomethingyouloveeveryday.★Campreadyyouwillhavespecifictrainingforyourroleatcampsoyouwillgofullypreparedforyourjob.Youwillbepartofagroupgoingtocampandwillknoweveryonebeforegoing.Whatweoffer★Youwillgetpaidinyourfirstyearbetween$1,650and$2,400uponpletionofyourcamptask.★ThechancetogowithagroupofJCUSAstaffandtomeetthembeforeyouarriveatyourowncamp.★TravelaroundtheUSAforupto60days!Whatweask★Atleastfinishedhighschoolyoumustbe18by2020.★Youaresomeonewhoisenergetic,outgoingandlookingforaculturalsummerexperience.★YoudonotneedtobeJewishtoapplytoworkataJewishsummercamp.21.Whichofthefollowingexperienceisanadvantageforanapplicanttogetthejob?A.Havinganightjob. B.Workingwithkids.C.Studyingabroad. D.Beingagardener.22.Whatwillthenewstaffget?A.Anewspecifictrainingcard.B.Asalaryofmorethan$2,400amonth.C.Achancetotravelaroundtheworldfor60days.D.AchancetoworkwithagroupofJCUSAstaff.23.Whichisunnecessaryforthenewstaff?A.Theymustbe18orolderby2020.B.Theyshouldatleastgraduatefromhighschool.C.TheyneedtobeJewishforaJewishsummercamp.D.Theyshouldbeoutgoingandwillingtocamp.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章為招聘廣告，主要內(nèi)容為招募夏令營(yíng)員工的信息。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Itwouldbebetterifyouhaveanyexperienceinworkingwithchildren!(如果你有和孩子在一起的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)就更好了!)”可知申請(qǐng)工作的優(yōu)勢(shì)是有和孩子在一起的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題Whatweoffer的第二段“ThechancetogowithagroupofJCUSAstaffandtomeetthembeforeyouarriveatyourowncamp.(有機(jī)會(huì)與一群JCUSA的工作人員一起去，并在到達(dá)自己的營(yíng)地之前與他們見(jiàn)面。)”可知新員工有機(jī)會(huì)與JCUSA的工作人員一起工作。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句話“YoudonotneedtobeJewishtoapplytoworkataJewishsummercamp.(申請(qǐng)?jiān)讵q太人夏令營(yíng)工作，你不需要是猶太人。)”可知申請(qǐng)這份工作不一定要是猶太人，所以C項(xiàng)表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，是不必要的，故選C。BChristmascameearlythisyearforthechildrenlivingintheselowineneighborhoodsinHarrisonburg,That’sbecauseaformerresident(居民)oftheareareturnedtothestreetswherehegrewupsohecouldhandoutmorethan$12,000worthoftoystothelocalchildrenearlierthisweek.AdamArmstronggrewuppoorinHarrisonburg.Whenhewasjust18yearsold,hewassenttoprisontoserveathreemonthsentenceforbreakingthelaw.Bythetimehewassetfree,heknewthatitwastimetoturnhislifearound.Armstrong,whoisnowthefatherofathreeyearoldgirl,endedupmovingtoBaltimoreanddoingdifferentjobsuntilhefinallygotintotheinternationalbusiness.AsArmstrongbecamemoreandmoreeconomicallyfortable,hefeltmoreandmoreeagertohelppeoplelivinginpoverty,sohebegandonating(捐贈(zèng))toystolocalneighborhoodeveryholidayseason.Thisweek,the35yearoldmandrovetohisformerneighborhoodina26footmovingtruckpackedwith1,327toystogiveawaytoallofthechildren.SaraLewisWeeks,anoldneighborthere,saidthatwhenArmstrongspoketoheraboutthegiftslastweek,shewasnotsureofhisplan.Tohersurprise,however,Armstrongmadegoodonhispromise.“Itwasn’tlikesimpleanimaltoys—hewasgivingawaybikes,selfcontrolledcars,realBarbiedolls—notDollarStoreBarbiedolls,”saidLewisWeeks.“Hedidn’tmissanybody.Hisheartwastrulyinthis.”ArmstrongsimplytoldTheWashingtonPostthathewashappytobringjoytolittlekidsfortheholidayseason.“Thekidsweresopureandsweet,”Armstrongsaid.“Youcan’tputapriceonlookingatthesekids’happyfaces.Someofthemhavenothing,andtobeabletogivethemasmalltoy…therewardandthepleasurewasmine.”24.WhatdoweknowaboutAdamArmstrong’schildhoodfromthetext?A.Heandhisfamilyledapoorlife.B.Hedidmanydifferentjobstosupporthisfamily.C.HisparentswerealwaysbusyduringChristmas.D.HeoftenreceiveddonatedtoysbeforeChristmas.25.WhendidAdamArmstrongdecidetoliveadifferentlife?A.Afterhavingachild. B.Duringhischildhood.C.Afterfindingagoodjob. D.Afteringoutofprison.26.WhatwasSaraLewisWeeks’attitudetowardsArmstrong’splanatfirst?A.Doubtful. B.Amazed. C.Uncaring. D.Grateful.27.WhatcanwelearnaboutAdamArmstrong’sdonationaccordingtoparagraph5?A.Armstrongwantedarewardforhisdonations.B.Onlyafewchildrencouldreceivethedonations.C.Armstrong’sdonationswerereallygreattoys.D.Armstrongwaspersuadedtodonatebyhisdaughter.【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.C【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道了AdamArmstrong從小在貧窮的家庭長(zhǎng)大，甚至違法入獄，在出獄后改變了生活方式，在經(jīng)濟(jì)上寬裕之后，為自己曾經(jīng)居住的貧民區(qū)的孩子捐贈(zèng)玩具的事情。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“AdamArmstronggrewuppoorinHarrisonburg.”（AdamArmstrong在Harrisonburg的貧窮之家長(zhǎng)大。）可知，AdamArmstrong的家境貧寒，由此可知，在AdamArmstrong的童年時(shí)期，他和他的家人過(guò)著貧窮的生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段關(guān)鍵句“Bythetimehewassetfree,heknewthatitwastimetoturnhislifearound.”（當(dāng)他被釋放的時(shí)候，他知道是時(shí)候改變他的生活了。）可知，當(dāng)AdamArmstrong從監(jiān)獄出來(lái)之后，他決定改變他的生活。由此可知，出獄后，AdamArmstrong決定過(guò)一種不同的生活。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“SaraLewisWeeks,anoldneighborthere,saidthatwhenArmstrongspoketoheraboutthegiftslastweek,shewasnotsureofhisplan.”（那里的一個(gè)老鄰居SaraLewisWeeks說(shuō)，當(dāng)Armstrong上周和她談到禮物時(shí)，她對(duì)他的計(jì)劃并不確定。）可知，當(dāng)SaraLewisWeeks一開(kāi)始聽(tīng)到Armstrong有關(guān)禮物的計(jì)劃時(shí)，她對(duì)他的計(jì)劃是否能實(shí)現(xiàn)是不確定的，Doubtful意為“懷疑的，不確定的”，符合SaraLewisWeeks一開(kāi)始對(duì)Armstrong的計(jì)劃的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“Tohersurprise,however,Armstrongmadegoodonhispromise.“Itwasn’tlikesimpleanimaltoys—hewasgivingawaybikes,selfcontrolledcars,realBarbiedolls—notDollarStoreBarbiedolls,”saidLewisWeeks.”（然而，令她吃驚的是，Armstrong兌現(xiàn)了諾言。“這不像是簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)物玩具，他送自行車，自動(dòng)控制的汽車，真正的芭比娃娃，而不是美元商店芭比娃娃，”LewisWeeks說(shuō)。）可知，Armstrong送的玩具不是簡(jiǎn)單的玩具，而是很棒的玩具，比如自行車，自動(dòng)控制的汽車，和真正的芭比娃娃。由此可知，Armstrong捐贈(zèng)的確實(shí)是很棒的玩具。故選C項(xiàng)。CWithattractivenessinitsstructure(結(jié)構(gòu))andinitspresence,theEiffelTowerhasbeeagreatsiteofFranceandGustaveEiffel'sarchitecturalwonder.AlsoknownasLaTourEiffel,theEiffelTowerisclimbedbymillionsofvisitorseveryyear.DoyouknowhowtalltheEiffelToweris?Standingat1,063feettall,thisisthesecondtallestbuildinginFranceaftertheMillauViaduct,aroadbridgeacrosstheriverThetowerwasbuiltbetween1887and1889astheentrancefortheWorldFair.Thiseventwastomarkthe100thcelebrationofthestormingoftheBastilleandtheFrenchRevolution.Ironically,atfirst,thetowerwasconsideredunpleasantbyalotofartenthusiasts.SeveralmembersfromtheartsmunitysaiditonlyruinedtheemptyskylineofthePariscity.FrenchnovelistGuydeMaupassantexpressedhisdislikeforthetowerbyeatingluncheverydayatthetower'srestaurant—hisexplanationwasthatitwastheonlyplaceinPariswhereonecouldnotseethestructure!Whatevermayhavebeentheopinionaboutthestructureatthetime,thefactremainsthatitbecameanobjectthatattractedmanypeoplearoundtheworld.Thetower,weighing10,000tons,includesseveralnonmetallic(非金屬的)partsaswell.Themetallicpartsusedinthestructureweigh7,300tons,which,ifmelted(熔化),willfillupa125metersquarewithadepthof6cm.Atthetimewhenthetowerwasbuilt,thegreatstructureamazedlotsofengineersandmonpeople.TheEiffelTowerneeds50~60tonsofpainteverysevenyearstokeeptherust(鐵銹)away.ThestructuredecoratestheParisianskyline.Beingoneofthemostvisitedsitesintheworld,theEiffel28.Whatdoes“theironlady"refertoinparagraph1?A.GustaveEiffel. B.TheEiffelC.MillauViaduct. D.TheriverTarn.29.Theunderlinedword“Ironically"inthesecondparagraphmeans“______________".A.impolitely B.impossibly C.unexpectedly D.cautiously30.Howmuchpaintwasprobablyusedfrom1996to2017onthetower?A.170tons. B.220tons. C.5,500tons. D.10,000tons.31.Whatisthepurposeofthethirdparagraph?A.ToshowhowhugetheEiffelB.ToshowtheEiffelC.ToshowthematerialsusedtobuildtheEiffelD.ToshowhowdifficultitistocleantheEiffel【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.A【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了法國(guó)名勝景點(diǎn)埃菲爾鐵塔的由來(lái)，規(guī)模和人們對(duì)于鐵塔的態(tài)度的變化。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“NicknamedLaDamedeFer,ortheironlady,thistowerisasymbolofFranceeventoday.(這座名為“鐵娘子”的塔甚至在今天仍是法國(guó)的象征)”可知，“鐵娘子”指的是埃菲爾鐵塔。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whatevermayhavebeentheopinionaboutthestructureatthetime,thefactremainsthatitbecameanobjectthatattractedmanypeoplearoundtheworld.(無(wú)論當(dāng)時(shí)人們對(duì)這座建筑的看法如何，事實(shí)是它吸引了世界各地的許多人)”可知，很多人都是被埃菲爾鐵塔所吸引。文章第二段“atfirst,thetowerwasconsideredunpleasantbyalotofartenthusiasts(起初，許多藝術(shù)愛(ài)好者認(rèn)為這座塔令人不快)”說(shuō)明在一開(kāi)始，這座鐵塔使人不快，這與現(xiàn)在很多人的觀點(diǎn)不同，因此是令人想不到的，從而猜測(cè)Ironically為“未料到地”。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“TheEiffelTowerneeds50~60tonsofpainteverysevenyearstokeeptherustaway.(埃菲爾鐵塔每七年需要50~60噸的油漆來(lái)防止生銹)”可知，7年需要50~60噸的油漆。題中1996年至2017年，之前共21年，需要三個(gè)七年的量，因此這21年里共需油漆150~180噸。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Atthetimewhenthetowerwasbuilt,thegreatstructureamazedlotsofengineersandmonpeople.(在這座塔剛建成的時(shí)候，這個(gè)宏偉的建筑令許多工程師和普通人感到驚奇)”可推斷，第三段主要通過(guò)材料消耗量大來(lái)說(shuō)明這個(gè)建筑的宏偉。A選項(xiàng)ToshowhowhugetheEiffelToweris.(展示埃菲爾鐵塔有多巨大)符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。DBeneficialalgae(藻類)helpfeedthecoralsandgivethemtheircolor.Buthigherthannormaloceantemperaturescancausesomecoralstobleach(白化),whichmeanstheylosethosehelpfulalgae.Affectedcoralscanbeebonewhiteandmaystruggletosurvive.Butwhentheybleach,somecoralsturnfromredtobluetopurple.Accordingtoanewstudy,thoseflashycolorsmayhelpcoralswinbacktheirlostalgaepartnersandthiscanhelpthecoralsrecoverfrombleaching.ElenaBollati,abiologistwhocarriedoutthestudy,turnedtoexperimentstoseewhatconditionscause“colorfulbleaching”.Inthelab,sheputcoralstoaslowriseintemperature.Astheteamturneduptheheat,theamountofalgaedropped.Theyalsosawaredcoloredfluorescence(熒光)thealgaegaveoutwhenlitwithcertainwavelengths.Afewweeksaftertheheatstress,thisredfluorescencejumped.Theteamalsomonitoredfluorescencefromthecoralitself.Thatlightiscausedbythepigment(色素)thatgivesthecoralscolor.Thescientistsalsofoundthatanimbalanceofcertainnutrientscouldleadtocolorfulbleaching.Healthy,unbleachedcoralsrelyontheiralgaetoabsorbsomesunlight.Thealgaeusessomeofthislighttomakefoodforthecoral.Italsohelpsscreenthecoralsfromsomeofthatsunlight.Afterlosingthosealgae,thecoralsfaceexposuretomoresunlight.Thatlight—includingitsbluewavelengths—canenterandbouncearoundinsidethecorals.Thosereflectionsboostthecoraltissue’sexposuretothebluelight,thusmakingthebleachedcoralspumpoutmorepigments.Likethepigmentsthatcolorskin,coralpigmentsareprotective.Theyactlikeasunscreen.Bybumpinguppigmentproduction,thecoralsmaybemakingafriendlierhomeforreturningalgae.Theteamalsoobservedthatvividlycoloredareasofthecoralsmorequicklyregainedtheiralgaethanareaswithlesspigment.32.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperimentinthetext?A.Toprovetheharmfuleffectofbleaching.B.Tolookforeffectivewaystostudycorals.C.Toshowtheimportanteffectofpigmentoncorals.D.Tofindoutthereasonforbleachingcoralschangingcolors.33.Whatcausedthedecreaseofthealgaeinthestudy?A.Thepigments. B.Theheat.C.Sunlight. D.Thenutrients.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph5referto?A.Thecoral. B.Thealgae. C.Thefood. D.Thelight.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MoreCoralsAreSufferingFromBleachingB.HighTemperaturesIsCausingCoralstoBleachC.GoingColorfulMayBeCorals’FightAgainstBleachingD.BleachingIsMakingCoralsDisappearFromtheEarth【答案】32.D33.B34.B35.C【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了珊瑚的“彩色白化”現(xiàn)象及為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這種現(xiàn)象?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“ElenaBollati,abiologistwhocarriedoutthestudy,turnedtoexperimentstoseewhatconditionscause“colorfulbleaching”.(開(kāi)展這項(xiàng)研究的生物學(xué)家ElenaBollati求助于實(shí)驗(yàn)，為了找出是什么條件導(dǎo)致了“彩色白化”)”可知，文中提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是找出白化的珊瑚變色的原因。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段關(guān)鍵句“Inthelab,sheputcoralstoaslowriseintemperature.Astheteamturneduptheheat,theamountofalgaedropped.(在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，她把珊瑚放在緩慢上升的溫度下。隨著溫度的升高，藻類的數(shù)量減少了)”可知，在研究中，導(dǎo)致藻類減少的是高溫。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句“Italsohelpsscreenthecoralsfromsomeofthatsunlight.(它還能幫助珊瑚遮擋陽(yáng)光)”及前句“Healthy,unbleachedcoralsrelyontheiralgaetoabsorbsomesunlight.Thealgaeusessomeofthislighttomakefoodforthecoral.(健康的未白化的珊瑚依靠藻類吸收陽(yáng)光。藻類利用一些光線為珊瑚提供食物)”可知，這里講的是藻類對(duì)珊瑚的作用，劃線單詞It指代的上文提到的Thealgae。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要講述了珊瑚的“彩色白化”現(xiàn)象及為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這種現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Bybumpinguppigmentproduction,thecoralsmaybemakingafriendlierhomeforreturningalgae.”可知，珊瑚白化后之所以會(huì)變色，是通過(guò)增加色素的產(chǎn)量，吸引藻類的回歸，藻類增加后，就可以改善白化現(xiàn)象?！癎oingColorfulMayBeCorals’FightAgainstBleaching(變得色彩斑斕可能是珊瑚對(duì)抗白化的斗爭(zhēng))”能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howcanyougetaperfectholiday?___36___Buttravelingorsometimesevenplanningatripcanbeastress.Herearesometipstomakeyourholidayamemorableone.?Planahead.Thefirstthingyouneedtodoistobesureofwhatyouneedfromthistrip.Doyouwanttoexperiencethelocalcultureorjusthavefunonthosesandybeaches?____37____?Readupbeforeyougo.___38___Buyagoodguidebookandreadupontheculture,historyandlocalattractionsoftheplace.YoucanreadthelocalpublicationsonlineorsurftheInternetformoreinformation.Themoreyouknow,thebetteryoucanenjoytheplaceanditstraditions.?Packlightandright.Packonlytheimportantthings.____39____Aheavyluggage(行李)maysometimesinfluenceyourholidayspirit.Carryclothesthatarefortableandrightfortheseason.Trytoputeverythingimportantinasinglecarryonbag.?____40____Unreasonableexpectationscanleadtounwantedstress,soenjoytheholidaybymanagingwhatyoucanwiththetimeyouhave.Enjoyeachmoment?Whethergoodorbad.A.Alwaysbookyourstay.B.Haverealisticexpectations.C.Peopleoftendreamofawonderfulholiday.D.Avoidcarryingunnecessarythingsaround.E.Planyourtripaccordingtoyourneedsandlikes.F.Prepareyourselfbeforevisitinganunknownholidayplace.G.Allyouneedistogetawayfrombusypeopleandtheworld.【答案】36.C37.E38.F39.D40.B【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了四個(gè)使得假期過(guò)的完美的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Howcanyougetaperfectholiday?(怎樣才能有一個(gè)完美的假期？)”說(shuō)明文章講述的主要內(nèi)容是有一個(gè)完美的假期。文章第一句引起下文，所以與美好假期有關(guān)。C選項(xiàng)Peopleoftendreamofawonderfulholiday.(人們經(jīng)常夢(mèng)想有一個(gè)美好的假期)符合文章主旨，引出下文怎樣擁有美好的假期。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thefirstthingyouneedtodoistobesureofwhatyouneedfromthistrip.Doyouwanttoexperiencethelocalcultureorjusthavefunonthosesandybeaches?(你要做的第一件事就是確定你需要從這次旅行中得到什么。你是想體驗(yàn)當(dāng)?shù)匚幕€是只想在沙灘上玩樂(lè)？)”可知，首先明確假期目標(biāo)。E選項(xiàng)中Planyourtripaccordingtoyourneedsandlikes.(根據(jù)你的需要和喜好來(lái)計(jì)劃你的旅行)中“needs”和“l(fā)ikes”與上文“whatyouneedfromthistrip”和“havefun”相對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Readupbeforeyougo.(在你走之前把事情了解清楚)”可知，旅游前應(yīng)做好相應(yīng)的準(zhǔn)備。下文“Buyagoodguidebookandreadupontheculture,historyandlocalattractionsoftheplace.YoucanreadthelocalpublicationsonlineorsurftheInternetformoreinformation.(買一本好的旅游指南，仔細(xì)閱讀當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕?、歷史和當(dāng)?shù)匚说牡胤?。你可以在網(wǎng)上閱讀當(dāng)?shù)爻霭嫖锘蛏暇W(wǎng)查詢更多信息)”主要說(shuō)明了解的具體方法，因此空格處是對(duì)下文了解具體方法的總領(lǐng)句，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)Prepareyourselfbeforevisitinganunknownholidayplace.(在去一個(gè)陌生的度假地點(diǎn)之前做好準(zhǔn)備)符合上下文意。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Packlightandright.Packonlytheimportantthings.(輕裝上路。只打包重要的東西)”可知，想要一場(chǎng)完美的旅游不能帶太多不必要的物品?？崭裉?，是對(duì)于上文的補(bǔ)充。D選項(xiàng)Avoidcarryingunnecessarythingsaround.(避免隨身攜帶不必要的物品)與上文相符。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Unreasonableexpectationscanleadtounwantedstress,soenjoytheholidaybymanagingwhatyoucanwiththetimeyouhave.(不合理的期望會(huì)導(dǎo)致不必要的壓力，所以好好利用你所擁有的時(shí)間來(lái)享受假期吧)”可知，不要抱有不合理期望，因此期望要切實(shí)合理。B選項(xiàng)Haverealisticexpectations.(有切合實(shí)際的期望)符合下文文意。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThisFederalExpress(FedEx)driverisbeing___41___forgoingaboveandbeyondthecallofdutytohelpoutaneighborduringaneverydaydeliveryrun.JodiLafreniereisakindergartenteacherwhowas___42___herhomeinManistique,Sinceherdoorbellsecuritycamerawasactivated,shegotanotification___43___onhercellphoneaboutsomeone___44___herhome.Uponlookingatthevideofrom____45____,shesawaFedExdrivercarryinga___46___uptoherdoor.Whenhe____47____sightofallthesnowonherdoorstep,however,he____48____thepackage,tookashovel,andbeganclearingawaythe___49___.“Althoughweseemanyactsof____50____inthisarea,itwasstill____51____toseethathewenttheextrastep,"LafrenieretoldCNN.“I___52___itwithmycoworkersimmediately___53___Icouldn'tbelieveit.It____54____myday.”Thedeliverydriver,MelvinJ.Marlett,hasreportedlybeenworkingforFedExfor23years.AlthoughLafreniereisusuallyneverhometogreethimduringhisdeliveries,herhusbandsaidhewas___55___tosharemanyconversationswiththedriver.LafrenierelaterreachedouttoMarlettandaskedforhis___56___topostthevideointhehopethatitwould____57____othersonsocialmedia—andherwishhasnowetrue,sinceherFacebookvideooftheincidenthasbeen____58____viewedmorethan57,000times.“Iwouldhopeit's___59___thatanybodywouldhavedone,"Marlettsaid.“Ifyoutakecareofyour____60____,theytakecareofyou."41.A.blamed B.praised C.demanded D.applied42.A.backto B.awayfrom C.aheadof D.nextto43.A.mark B.book C.signal D.message44.A.knocking B.breaking C.robbing D.approaching45.A.neighbor B.radio C.camera D.TV46.A.package B.gift C.dog D.hammer47.A.caught B.lost C.held D.kept48.A.tookup B.brokedown C.madeup D.putdown49.A.deliveries B.leaves C.snow D.tracks50.A.kindness B.celebration C.justice D.appreciation51.A.worrying B.surprising C.embarrassing D.annoying52.A.informed B.learned C.refused D.shared53.A.so B.because C.but D.unless54.A.worked B.did C.made D.left55.A.delighted B.afraid C.proud D.difficult56.A.suggestion B.order C.direction D.permission57.A.inspire B.shock C.amuse D.puzzle58.A.really B.normally C.constantly D.sincerely59.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything60.A.passengers B.customers C.workers D.colleagues【答案】41.B42.B43.D44.D45.C46.A47.A48.D49.C50.A51.B52.D53.B54.C55.A56.D57.A58.C59.C60.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了快遞司機(jī)MelvinJ.Marlett在給JodiLafreniere送快遞時(shí)，主動(dòng)幫她家鏟雪，這一舉動(dòng)被Lafreniere通過(guò)門口的監(jiān)控看到，讓Lafreniere很開(kāi)心，她將這段視頻發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上，希望以此激勵(lì)更多的人?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位聯(lián)邦快遞司機(jī)因?yàn)樵诿刻斓目爝f工作中盡心盡力幫助鄰居而受到了表