高中英語(yǔ)完形填空小專題

完形填空英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)小專題完形填空特點(diǎn)一、選材原汁原味，表達(dá)跨文化意識(shí)。其文章多數(shù)改編自原汁原味的英文報(bào)刊或英文網(wǎng)站上的文章。二、文章載體以故事類為主。分析近幾年的高考真題可以得出，完形填空的材料多為勵(lì)志類小故事，多采用記敘的手法，有時(shí)也采用夾敘夾議的敘事方法。文章一般是從交代背景開始，首句一般不設(shè)空，整篇文章行文連貫，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，條理清楚。從題材分布上看，個(gè)人經(jīng)歷、親情故事、生活感悟等文章占多數(shù)。三、所選命題文章長(zhǎng)度及難度根本穩(wěn)定。高考命題短文的長(zhǎng)度及難易度與我們平時(shí)所學(xué)高中教材根本一致，大約在250~300個(gè)單詞左右。全文保持一定的挖空密度。四、命題文章以考查語(yǔ)境為主，極少考查語(yǔ)法。高考中的完形填空要求學(xué)生通過(guò)文章語(yǔ)境，抓住文章的主題大意，從文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容的邏輯關(guān)系去選擇符合命題的最正確答案。因此，其選項(xiàng)往往具有共性，其時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、詞性甚至是詞數(shù)都保持一致或至少兩兩一致，而不單純地考查語(yǔ)法。

完形填空

6大能力訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)：語(yǔ)篇理解能力詞語(yǔ)辨析能力語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力邏輯推理能力文化背景透析能力生活常識(shí)等綜合運(yùn)用能力解題方法總的原那么:“先完意，后完形”八字方針：上下求索，瞻前顧后如何做好完形填空題?

正確的答題步驟恰當(dāng)?shù)慕忸}技巧適量的實(shí)踐訓(xùn)練三步答題Step1Skip(跳讀)thepassagetogetthegeneralideaandpayattentiontothefirstsentencewhichhelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomestrategies.(在把握語(yǔ)篇大意的根底上，借助于一些恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ㄟx擇最正確答案)Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.〔將所選定的詞放到文章中復(fù)讀檢查〕七步巧解完形填空一、研究首尾——找主題二、上下聯(lián)系——尋信息三、左顧右盼——找搭配四、思前想后——覓邏輯五、語(yǔ)境分析——辨詞義六、集中精力——破難題七、回讀檢查——補(bǔ)漏缺完形填空解題技巧1.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)。[例1]

WhenAlicestartedtocyclehomefromJenny’shouse,shewasn’tnervous.Shewascertainlynotafraidofthedark._____,itwasonlya15-minuteridehome.A.HoweverB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.Otherwise[例2]Itwastakingupagreatdealofmytime,andtheheadmasterofmyschoolgavemeachoice;stayinschool47leavetoworkonmymagazine.47.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or[例3]

Infact,shewassopleasedwithMay’sworkthatshelateracceptedtwootherdeafwomenasstudentnurses.The35wasMissMarianFinch,whowashardofhearing.ThesecondwasMissLillieBessie.35.A.firstB.oneC.otherD.others1.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)。[例4]

Theforeignresearchscholarusuallyisolates(孤立)himselfinthelaboratoryasameansofprotection;37,whatheneedsistobefittedintoahighlyorganizeduniversitysystem…37.A.otherwiseB.moreoverC.howeverD.also

[例5]

ClearlyIhadmade_____.Ihadstartedtheeveningwantingtohaveahappytimewithmydaughterbuthadallowedmydesiretowintobecomemoreimportantthanmyrelationshipwithmydaughter…SoIhadtochange.A.amistakeB.adecisionC.anattemptD.aneffort1.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)。

[例6]Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother1,specificallyherhearing,todeterminewhereshewasandhowtoadapttohernew2.1.A.feelingB.organsC.skillsD.senses2.A.positionB.environmentC.statusD.role1.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項(xiàng)。[例1]Onemanwastomeethiswifedowntownandspendsometimeshoppingwithher.Hewaited

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for15minutes.Thenhewaitedimpatientlyfor15minutesmore.Afterthat,hebecame

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.〔浙江06〕21.A.proudly

B.respectfully

C.patiently

D.curiously22.A.angry

B.hungry

C.frightened

D.thirsty2.根據(jù)人物或作者的態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，情緒來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。

[例2]

Inthedepthsofmymemory,manythingsIdidwithmyfatherstilllive.Thesethingscometorepresent,infact,whatIcall__21__andlove.21．A.desire B.joyC.anger D.worry2.根據(jù)人物或作者的態(tài)度，觀點(diǎn)，情緒來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。

利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)[例1]

TheotherdayIwassittinginasmallrestaurant1(having)aquietdrinkandatalkwithafewfriendswhenitsuddenly

2methatalmosteveryoneintherestaurantwassmoking.Itwasn’tlong3thewholeroomwasfilledwithsmoke.2.A.seemedB.struckC.sankD.showed3.A.agoB.after

C.beforeD.now3.根據(jù)詞組搭配或固定句型來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例2]He’d

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hislifebrewing(釀造)beerforlocalbreweriesonlytomakealiving,

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hadhisfatherandgrand-fatherbeforehim.36．A.costB.spentC.takeD.paid37．A.likeB.asif

C.so

D.nor3.根據(jù)詞組搭配或固定句型來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例3]

Sherodetherestofthewayhome___ahappysmile,withthemoneyshe’dlostearlierforgotten.A.givingB.wearingC.takingD.forcing[例4]

Dearson,Iwanttothankyouforteachingmeaveryvaluablelessoninmylifebythegreatexampleyou____.

A.followedB.gaveC.setD.took3.根據(jù)詞組搭配或固定句型來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例1]Howdoesatoothgobad?The51beginsinalittlecrackintheenamel(琺瑯〕coveringofthetooth.Thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere.Thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth.Intheend,poisongoesintoblood,andwemayfeelquiteill.(2002,上海春季招生〕51.A.destructionB.decayC.faultD.hurt4.根據(jù)復(fù)現(xiàn)詞(同義詞或反義詞)來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。

[例2]

WhileIstudiedatschool,IfeltagreatdifficultyinlearningmyLatintranslations.Iwasalwaysveryslow(原36題)inusingadictionary,andfound(原37題)itmostdifficult,whiletootherboysitseemedno38.(06江西)A.troubleB.difference

C.laborD.worry4.根據(jù)復(fù)現(xiàn)詞(同義詞或反義詞)來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例3]

Ilearnedhowtoacceptlifeasitisfrommyfather.However(原36題),hedidnotteachmeacceptancewhenhewasstrongandhealthy,butratherwhenhewas37andill.(06北京)A.tiredB.weak

C.poorD.slow4.根據(jù)復(fù)現(xiàn)詞(同義詞或反義詞)來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。

Ifyouaskedhighschoolgirlstonametheirfavoritesports,mostwouldprobablysaybasketballorvolleyball.Ihappentobeoneofthefewgirlswhowould36:surfing(沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)).Butisn’tthataboything?Somepeople37.Certainlynot.Istartedsurfingaboutfiveyearsagoand38inlovewiththesportontheveryfirstday.Ridingthatfirst39wasthebestfeelingIhadeverexperienced.

36.A.tell B.answerC.give D.realize37.A.wonderB.understandC.replyD.believe38.A.stayedB.came C.droppedD.fell39.A.waveB.stormC.sail D.boat[例4]______利用詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。許多詞匯在上下文中以不同形式反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，如：(1)同一詞(原詞〕上下文復(fù)現(xiàn)：很多正確選項(xiàng)常是上文或下文中出現(xiàn)的詞。(2)同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：如and連接兩同義的詞或句子。happyandgay；unhappyanddisappointed.(3)反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：but連接兩個(gè)含義相對(duì)的詞：smallbutneat；expensivebuttasty(4)詞匯鏈即不同詞類的聯(lián)想：如：believe和belief；think和thought；repairman和fixone'scar.5.通過(guò)詞義辨析來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例1]Hewrotehiswife’snameonthebackofthephotosandhandedthemtoaclerkbehindthedeskinthebooth(攤位).“Ifyouseeasmall,darkladywithbrowneyesandanapologeticexpression,obviously28someone,wouldyoupleasegiveherthis?”(06浙江卷)28.A.lookingforB.workingforC.sendingforD.payingfor[例2]Shenoticedhownervoushewasandsuggestedheshouldstandnearthestagewherehecouldwatchandfollowtheplay.

Itwasagood

1

ofgettingridofhisnervousness,shesaid.Shewasright,itseemedto

2

.

1.A.idea

B.way

C.path

D.plan

2.A.do

B.win

C.work

D.act5.通過(guò)詞義辨析來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。

[例1]…themotherwasholdingtheirbabydaughter,Ally.Thelittlegirlhadsomefoodstuckinherthroat,andcouldhardlybreathe.Mr.Whitedrovethemtothe2hospital.Theambulancewasrunningveryfastalongtheroad.2.A.best

B.biggestC.nearest

D.Children’s6.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)或文化背景來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例2]Anditdid.Suddenly,thelighteningflashedthroughtheclouds,nearly39Raul.(06四川卷)39.A.beatingB.blinding

C.burningD.touching6.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)或文化背景來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。[例3]OneofthemostfamousstatuesintheworldstandsonanislandinNewYorkHarbor.Thisstatueis,ofcourse,theStatueofliberty.TheStatueoflibertyisa(an)1whoholdsa2uphigh.1.A.manB.womanC.childD.old2.A.caneB.candleC.torchD.lamp6.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)或文化背景來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。

[例4]

Shewascompetingagainstverytalentedgirls,andsheknewitwouldbedifficultforhertobeselected.Twohourslater,the_____readalistofthegirlsforasecondtryout.A.editorB.bossC.candidateD.judge6.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)或文化背景來(lái)確定選項(xiàng)。Description

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練Thisisthestoryoftwolovers,whofinallygotmarried.Bothofthemwereromanticatfirst,

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onthewalkoflife,problems,quarrels,professioncameintotheirlife.Oneday,shefinallydecided“Iwanttobreakup”.“Why?”heasked.“Iam

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.”sheanswered.Hekeptsilentthewholenight,seeminglyindeep

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.finallyheasked,“WhatcanIdoto

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yourmind?”Lookingintohiseyesshesaid,“Answermyquestion.Ifyoucan

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myheart,Iwillchangemymind.Let’ssay,Iwantaflower

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onthefaceofamountaincliff(懸崖),webotharesurethatpickingtheflowerwillcauseyour

27

.willyoudoitforme?”Hesaid,“Iwillgiveyoumy

28

tomorrow.”Shewokeupthenextmorning,foundhimgone,andsawapieceofpaperonherbed,which

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“Mydear,Iwouldnotpickthatflowerforyou,the

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are…”“Whenyouusethecomputeryoualways

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thesoftware,andyoucryinfrontofthescreen.IhavetosavemyfingerssothatIcanhelptorestorethe

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.Youalwaysleavethehousekeysbehind,thusIhavetosavemy

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torushhometoopenthedoorforyou.Youlovetravelingbutalwaysloseyourwayina(n)

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city.Ihavetosavemyeyestoshowyoutheway.Youalways

35

atthecomputer,andthatwilldonothinggoodforyoureyes.Ihavetosavemyeyes

36

whenwegrowold,Icanhelptoclipyournailsandhelptoremovethose

37

whitehairs.”“Thus,mydear,unlessIamsurethatthereissomeonewholovesyou

38

Ido…Icouldnotpickthatfloweryet,anddie…”That’slife,and

39

.flowers,andromanticmomentsareonlyusedandappearonthe

40

oftherelationship.Underallthis,thepillaroftruelovestands.

(杭州市2013第二次高考科目教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))

21．A．but

B．a(chǎn)nd

C．or

D．so22．A．lonely

B．shamed

C．tired

D．worried23．A．space

B．thought

C．shade

D．impression24．A．speak

B．change

C．blow

D．keep25．A．represent

B．expand

C．a(chǎn)dmit

D．convince26．A．growing

B．falling

C．living

D．waiting27．A．a(chǎn)ttention

B．satisfaction

C．interest

D．death28．A．a(chǎn)greement

B．a(chǎn)nswer

C．a(chǎn)nnouncement

D．judgment29．A．writes

B．informs

C．prints

D．goes30．A．meanings

B．messages

C．reasons

D．purposes31．A．turnup

B．putup

C．useup

D．messup32．A．structures

B．programs

C．balance

D．position33．A．legs

B．patience

C．energy

D．dollars34．A．a(chǎn)ncient

B．new

C．modern

D．underground35．A．shout

B．jump

C．knock

D．stare36．A．a(chǎn)sif

B．nowthat

C．sothat

D．incase37．A．a(chǎn)nnoying

B．enjoyable

C．dusty

D．a(chǎn)musing38．A．lessthan

B．ratherthan

C．morethan

D．otherthan39．A．determination

B．love

C．progress

D．power40．A．surface

B．way

C．principle

D．nature角度題號(hào)備注

,,

,

,omitted

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,,,omitted

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293138262733341.行文邏輯2.情感態(tài)度3.詞組搭配4.詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)5.字詞辨析6.生活常識(shí)2736

Whenyou…………IhavetosavemyfingerssothatIcanhelptorestore……You……Ihavetosave….…,……foryou.You…....Ihavetosave……,showyoutheway.You…....Ihavetosavemyeyes…….Thus,…….Icouldnot...…die.”

…………“Mydear,Iwouldnotpickthatflowerforyou,the________are:

……Bothofthemwereromanticatfirst,______onthewalkoflife,problems,quarrels,professioncameintotheirlife.A.butB.andC.orD.sobut21Para.1Para.7轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系總分關(guān)系因果關(guān)系〔36〕Para.8Para.930reasons

…….She……said,“Iwanttobreakup.”“Why?”heasked.“Iam_______,”sheanswered.A.lonelyB.shamedC.tiredD.worried22tiredPara.2Para.3Para.8……Icanhelptoclipyournailsandhelptoremovethose__________whitehairs.A.annoyingB.enjoyableC.dustyD.amusing37annoying

Hekeptsilentthewholenight,……Finallyheasked,“WhatcanIdoto_______yourmind?”Lookinginto……shesaid,“Answermyquestion.Ifyoucan…….,Iwillchangemymind.”Let’ssay,Iwantaflower…….amountaincliff.Webotharesurethatpickingtheflowerwillcauseyour_______.Willyoudoitforme?”Hesaid,“Iwillgiveyoumy______tomorrow.”