高中英語選擇性必修一大串講學(xué)案Unit4MeetingthemusePeriod2Usinglanguage

Unit4MeetingthemusePeriod

2

Usinglanguage

知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理單元語法精講精練－非謂語動(dòng)詞作表語I.語法感知感知以下課文原句，補(bǔ)全方框下的小題1．Everyartist’swishistocreatesomethingthatexpressesanidea.2．Onewayforhimtofindinspirationisturningtohischildren’stoys.3．Hewasparticularlyinterestedintheoldstoryabout...4．TolistentoTan’smusicistoexperienceamixofChinesemusicaltraditionsandWesterninfluences.5．...shehasbeenknownasthe“PeacockPrincess”．動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞ing形式、動(dòng)詞ed形式都可以在句中作表語。句1和句4中是動(dòng)詞不定式作表語；句2中是動(dòng)詞ing形式作表語；句3和句5中是動(dòng)詞ed形式作表語。II.語法精析動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)詞ing形式、動(dòng)詞ed形式作表語一、動(dòng)詞不定式作表語1．表示目的。Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是發(fā)展兒童完美的品格。2．表示事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預(yù)期的結(jié)果或預(yù)言。Youmusttellmeaboutit，ifwearetoremainfriends.如果我們還想繼續(xù)做朋友的話，你就必須告訴我那件事。3．用于第一人稱疑問句，表示征求意見。WhatamItosayiftheyaskmethequestion?要是他們問我這個(gè)問題，我該怎么回答呢？4．用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于can/could，should，oughtto，must，具有情態(tài)意義。Youaretoberewarded.你應(yīng)該受到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。(should)Thesebooksarenottobesold.這些書不應(yīng)該賣掉。(oughtnottobe)5．表示“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止”等。Theyaretomarrynextweek.他們將在下周結(jié)婚。(安排)Childrenarenottosmoke.兒童不準(zhǔn)吸煙。(禁止)Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouaretosucceed.想要成功，你就必須有耐心和毅力。(愿望)二、動(dòng)詞ing形式作表語1．動(dòng)詞ing形式可以在句中作表語，說明主語“是什么”。作表語時(shí)句子主語常是表示無生命的事物的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語動(dòng)名詞與主語通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，主語、表語可互換位置。Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。(＝Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.)WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被別人嘲笑．(＝BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.)2．不定式作表語和動(dòng)詞ing作表語的區(qū)別不定式作表語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一次性、具體的、將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；而動(dòng)名詞作表語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一般性、抽象的、經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Theoldman’sjobtodayistopaintthewalls.老人今天的工作是粉刷這些墻。Theoldman’sjobispaintingthewalls.老人的工作是粉刷墻。注意：這種區(qū)別并不是絕對(duì)的。例外的情況也不少，用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)，有時(shí)意思區(qū)別很小。3．動(dòng)名詞作表語、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語和現(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。動(dòng)名詞作表語說明主語“是什么”，現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，說明主語的特征?，F(xiàn)在分詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)，說明主語正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Herworkistakingcareofthesechildren.她的工作是照顧這些孩子。Herworkisveryinteresting.她的工作很有趣。Sheistakingcareofthesechildren.她正在照顧這些孩子。三、動(dòng)詞ed形式作表語1．動(dòng)詞ed形式可以在句中作表語，說明主語的狀態(tài)。Allthefansareveryexcited.所有粉絲都很興奮。Itisobviousthattheboyisinterestedinthismachine.顯然，這個(gè)男孩對(duì)這臺(tái)機(jī)器感興趣。2．現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都可以作表語，現(xiàn)在分詞作表語說明主語的特征，而過去分詞作表語說明主語的狀態(tài)。Thedogisfrightening.這條狗是可怕的。Thedogisfrightened.這條狗很害怕。3．過去分詞作表語和過去分詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別。過去分詞作表語說明主語所處的狀態(tài)，過去分詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)說明主語所承受的動(dòng)作。Thecupisbroken.杯子碎了。ThecupwasbrokenbyLucy.杯子被露西打碎了。III.高考鏈接A.選詞填空1．Formostofus，theexperiencewasreally_________(exciting/excited)．2．Whenhearingthenews，thegirlbecamevery_________(shocking/shocked)．3．Allofuswere_________(surprising/surprised)atthenewshetoldus.4．WhenIwas_________(walking/walked)inthestreet，Iheardalargenoise.5．Hewaslateforworkagainandhisbosswasvery_________(annoying/annoyed)．答案：1.exciting2.shocked3.surprised4.walking5.annoyedB.完成句子1．Youare_________yourworkbeforeFriday.你們應(yīng)該在周五前交作業(yè)。2．Tochangeyourattitudeis_________yourlife.改變態(tài)度就是改變?nèi)松?．Therealproblemis_________theneedsofthecustomers.真正的問題是要了解顧客的需要。4．Thespeakeris_________thesituationatthemoment.此刻演講者正在談?wù)撔蝿?shì)。5．Unfortunately，theboy_________inthefinalmatch.不幸的是，男孩在決賽中受傷了。6．Icouldtellfromhisfacethathe_________whatIhaddone.我從他臉上可以看出，他對(duì)我做的很滿意。7．WhatamI_________ifIrunoutofallthemoney?如果把這些錢都用光了，我該怎么辦？8．Thecarelessdriveris_________theterribleaccident.這個(gè)粗心的司機(jī)應(yīng)該為這起可怕事故負(fù)責(zé)任。答案：1.tohandin2.tochange3.gettingtoknow4.talkingabout5.gotinjured6.wassatisfiedwith7.todo8.toblameforC.根據(jù)提示完成單句寫作1．你看上去非常失望。發(fā)生了什么事？(disappoint)_________________________________________________________________2．當(dāng)他想到那位勇敢的年輕人時(shí)，他很受鼓舞。(inspire)_________________________________________________________________3．我進(jìn)去時(shí)，他依然站在桌子旁。(stand)_________________________________________________________________4．當(dāng)時(shí)的情形是非常尷尬的，我不知道怎么辦。(embarrass)_________________________________________________________________5．昨天我去看那部電影了。它非常乏味。(bore)_________________________________________________________________6．他們的工作是為殘疾人制造輪椅。(make)_________________________________________________________________7．我的主要目的是指出這個(gè)問題的困難。(pointout)_________________________________________________________________8．他喜歡的是每天晚飯后散步。(take)_________________________________________________________________9．從他的表情我可以推斷，他對(duì)此事感到非常吃驚。(surprise)_________________________________________________________________10．這個(gè)女孩的理想是長大后當(dāng)醫(yī)生。(wish)_________________________________________________________________11．老人告訴我們，那次經(jīng)歷是非?？膳碌摹?frighten)_________________________________________________________________12．這個(gè)男孩的愛好是收集所有的舊報(bào)紙。(collect)_________________________________________________________________答案：1.Youlooksodisappointed.Whathappened?2.Whenhethoughtofthebraveyoungman，hebecameveryinspired.3.WhenIentered，heremainedstandingbesidethetable.4.ThesituationwasveryembarrassingandIdidn’tknowwhattodo.5.Iwenttoseethefilmyesterday.Itwassoboring.6.Theirjobismakingwheelchairsfordisabledpeople.7.Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.8.Whathelikesistakingawalkaftersupper