軍隊(duì)文職人員招聘英語(yǔ)言文學(xué)(習(xí)題卷3)

試卷科目：軍隊(duì)文職人員招聘英語(yǔ)言文學(xué)軍隊(duì)文職人員招聘英語(yǔ)言文學(xué)(習(xí)題卷3)PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages軍隊(duì)文職人員招聘英語(yǔ)言文學(xué)第1部分：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇題，共260題，每題只有一個(gè)正確答案,多選或少選均不得分。[單選題]1.Mostofthepracticalworkofthegovernmentisdoneby_____.A)thePrimeMinisterB)theCabinetministersC)thecivilservantsD)theheadsofdepartments答案:C解析:C項(xiàng)文官辦理政府的具體事務(wù)，作為文官的人員不隨政黨的更迭而變化。B項(xiàng)內(nèi)閣成員為首相任命的重要部門(mén)的部長(zhǎng)。D項(xiàng)為各部部長(zhǎng)。[單選題]2.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesConstitution,thelegislativepowerisinvestedin_____.A)TheFederalGovernment.B)TheSupremeCourt.C)TheCabinet.D)TheCongress.答案:D解析:美國(guó)的立法權(quán)屬國(guó)會(huì)（TheCongress）掌管。theFederalGovernment聯(lián)邦政府。SupremeCourt最高法院。Cabinet內(nèi)閣。[單選題]3.Nowhereelse_____suchanoldbuilding.A)onecanseeB)youwillobserveC)couldonediscoverD)willyoufind答案:D解析:句意：這里簇立著1887年建造的著名的圖書(shū)館，你在其他任何地方都找不到這么古老的建筑了。句中采用nowhere放在句首，所以句子要采用倒裝形式，找到古老的建筑要用find，discover指發(fā)現(xiàn)新鮮事物。[單選題]4.Sheis_____capableoftakingcareofherself.A)perfectlyB)defectivelyC)partiallyD)unruly答案:A解析:perfectly完美地，完全地。defectively不完善地。partially部分地。unruly難駕馭地。[單選題]5.Hismasterpiece?Ulysses?recordsthementalactivitiesofthree_____peopleinaboutnineteenhours.A)BritishB)AmericanC)IrishD)French答案:C解析:《尤利西斯》是愛(ài)爾蘭作家詹姆斯·喬伊斯的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)，小說(shuō)描述了三位普通的都柏林（愛(ài)爾蘭）人在1904年六月6日早上八點(diǎn)到晚上2點(diǎn)鐘一天之內(nèi)在都柏林的種種經(jīng)歷。[單選題]6._____hundredsofpiecesoflitter.A)WerelyingbesidetheroadB)WerebesidetheroadlyingC)BesidetheroadlyingwereD)Lyingbesidetheroadwere答案:D解析:句意：在道路兩旁放著數(shù)百塊垃圾。這里采用倒裝形式，故D正確。[單選題]7.Inordertohelpthestudentsgetabetterunderstandingofthenewconception,theprofessor_____itwithmanyexamples.A)enchantedB)displayedC)eliminatedD)stated答案:D解析:句意：為了使學(xué)生更好地理解這個(gè)新概念，教授舉了很多例子來(lái)說(shuō)明。state說(shuō)明，陳述。enchant迷住。display展示，展覽。eliminate消除。[單選題]8.IliveinthelandofDisney,Hollywoodandyear-roundsun.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchaglamorous,fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.Ifso,youhavesomemistakenideasaboutthenatureofhappiness.Manyintelligentpeoplestillequatehappinesswithfun.Thetruthisthatfunandhappinesshavelittleornothingincommon.Funiswhatweexperienceduringanact.Happinessiswhatweexperienceafteranact.Itisadeepermoreabidingemotion.Goingtoanamusementparkorballgame,watchingamovieortelevision,arefunactivitiesthathelpusrelax,temporarilyforgetourproblemsandmaybeevenlaugh.Buttheydonotbringhappiness,becausetheirpositiveeffectsendwhenthefunends.IhaveoftenthoughtthatifHollywoodstarshavearoletoplay,itistoteachusthathappinesshasnothingtodowithfan.Theserich,beautifulindividualshaveconstantaccesstoglamorousparties,fancycars,expensivehomes,everythingthatspells?happiness?.Butinmemoiraftermemoir,celebritiesrevealtheunhappinesshiddenbeneathalltheirfun:depression,alcoholism,drugaddiction,brokenmarriages,troubledchildrenandprofoundloneliness.Askabachelorwhyheresistsmarriageeventhoughhefindsdatingtobelessandlesssatisfying.Ifhe?shonest,hewilltellyouthatheisafraidofmakingacommitment.Forcommitmentisintactquitepainful.Thesinglelifeisfilledwithfun,adventureandexcitement.Marriagehassuchmoments,buttheyarenotitsmostdistinguishingfeatures.Similarly,couplesthatchoosenottohavechildrenaredecidinginfavorofpainlessfunoverpainfulhappiness.Theycandineoutevertheywantandsleepaslateastheywant.Coupleswithinfantchildrenareluckytogetawholenight?ssleeporathree-dayvacation.Idon?tknowanyparentwhowouldchoosethewordfuntodescriberaisingchildren.Understandingandacceptingthattruehappinesshasnothingtodowithfunisoneofthemostliberatingrealizationswecanevercometo.Itliberatestime:nowwecandevotemorehourstoactivitiesthatcangenuinelyincreaseourhappiness.Itliberatesmoney:buyingthatnewcarorthosefancyclothesthatwilldonothingtoincreaseourhappinessnowseemspointless.Anditliberatesusfromenvy:wenowunderstandthatallthoserichandglamorouspeopleweweresosurearehappybecausetheyarealwayshavingsomuchfunactuallymaynotbehappyatall.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A)Funcreateslong-lastingsatisfactionB)Funprovidesenjoymentwhilepainleadstohappiness.C)Happinessisenduringwhereasfunisshort-lived.D)Funthatislong-standingmayleadtohappiness.答案:C解析:文章第二段，作者告訴我們樂(lè)趣和幸福有很大的不同。樂(lè)趣是我們?cè)诨顒?dòng)的過(guò)程中所享受到的，而幸福是活動(dòng)結(jié)束之后內(nèi)心的感受，是更深更持久的感情。A、B、D在文中并沒(méi)有提到。C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。[單選題]9.Ithinkbeingaloneisneverreallyabadthing,_____you?vegotsomethingpositivetodo.A)butforB)providedthatC)inthatD)incase答案:B解析:句意：我認(rèn)為如果你手頭有一些有意義的事情可以做的話，獨(dú)處也未嘗不是件好事。Butfor要不是。Providedthat假如。Inthat因?yàn)?。Incase萬(wàn)一。[單選題]10.TheAmericanpreacher_____iscreditedwithbringingthe?GreatAwakening?toAmericawithhissermontitled,?SinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod?.A)WilliamGrahamB)EdwardEverettC)RogerWilliamsD)JonathanEdwards答案:D解析:JonathanEdwards喬納森·愛(ài)德華茲（1702-1758），美國(guó)詩(shī)人、神學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家，十八世紀(jì)北美殖民地時(shí)期大覺(jué)醒運(yùn)動(dòng)代表人之一；其代表作為《發(fā)怒上帝手中的罪人》。[單選題]11.WhicharethenationalflagandthecoatofarmsofAustralia?A)AB)BC)CD)D答案:D解析:D項(xiàng)為澳大利亞國(guó)旗與國(guó)徽。國(guó)旗左上角英國(guó)米字旗下面為一顆較大的白色七角星，象征組成澳大利亞聯(lián)邦的六個(gè)州和聯(lián)邦政府。旗的右邊為五顆白色的星，其中一顆小星為五角，其余均為七角。五顆小星代表南十字星座（澳大利亞能看得最清楚的星座）。盾形徽章上方是一個(gè)藍(lán)、白相間的花環(huán)和一顆七角星；兩側(cè)各有一只袋鼠和鴯鹋站在綠色桉樹(shù)枝上，代表澳大利亞特有的珍稀動(dòng)物。A項(xiàng)國(guó)旗與國(guó)徽屬于斐濟(jì)群島共和國(guó)（TheRepublicoftheFijiIslands），該國(guó)位于南太平洋，首都蘇瓦（Suva）。B項(xiàng)徽章為加拿大國(guó)徽，C項(xiàng)國(guó)旗與國(guó)徽屬于新西蘭。[單選題]12.Somebodyhasleftit_____.A)who?scandleisthis;burningB)whosecandleisthis;burntC)who?scandlethisis;burnD)whosecandlethisis;burning答案:D解析:句意：我不知道這是誰(shuí)的蠟燭，已經(jīng)有人把它點(diǎn)燃了。本題考的是whose在從句中的用法，whose引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。[單選題]13.Neverbefore_____wongoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.A)suchmanyChineseathleteshaveB)havesomanyChineseathletesC)havesuchmanyChineseathletesD)somanyChineseathleteshave答案:B解析:句意：這是有史以來(lái)中國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲得金牌最多的一次奧運(yùn)會(huì)。當(dāng)such后的名詞有many，much，little等修飾時(shí)，就不能用such，只能用so。[單選題]14.Thecommunitycollegeembodies_____beliefthataneducationshouldbepracticalaswellasliberal.A)GeorgeWashington?sB)ThomasJefferson?sC)AbrahamLincoln?sD)FranklinRoosevelt?s答案:B解析:社區(qū)學(xué)院代表了托馬斯·杰斐遜的教育不僅要自由還要實(shí)用的思想。[單選題]15.Semantictriangleismadeupofreference，symboland()A)referentB)meaningC)thoughtD)wordsorphrases答案:A解析:語(yǔ)言學(xué)基本知識(shí)。題目考查semantictriangle(語(yǔ)義三角)的構(gòu)成，即reference(概念，也可稱為thought)，symbol(語(yǔ)言成分，如單詞和短語(yǔ)，即form)和referent(概念的所指，即感官世界中的真實(shí)物體)。[單選題]16.Acloserobserverofthesmallscreenoncecalledita?vastwastelandofviolence,sadismandmurder,privateeyes,gangstersandmoreviolence-andcartoons.?ThatishowNewtonMinow,aUStelevisionregulator,describeditin1961.Sincethantelevisionlanguagehasbecomemorecolourful,violencemoreexplicitandsexmoreprevalent.?LadyChatterley?sLoverhasmovedfromthebannedbookshelftoaclassicBBCserial.Concernoversuchchangingstandardshasshapedourviewoftelevision-andmaskeditsbroaderinfluenceindevelopingcountries.Toillustrateitseffects,KennycitesthecaseofBrazil.Whentelevisiontherebegantoshowasteadydietoflocalsoapsinthe1970s,Brazilianwomentypicallyhadfiveormorechildrenandweretrappedinpoverty.Asthepopularityofthesoapsgrew,birthratesfellAccordingtoresearchers,72%oftheleadingfemalecharactersinthemainsoapshadnochildrenandonly7%hadmorethanone.Onestudycalculatedthatsuchsoapshadthesameeffectonfertilityratesaskeepinggirlsinschoolforfiveyearsmorethannormal.Itisnotjustbirthratesthatareaffected.Kennynotes:?KidswhowatchTVoutofschool,accordingtoaWorldBanksurveyofyoungpeopleintheshantytownsofFortalezainBrazil,areconsiderablylesslikelytoconsumedrugs.?TelevisionappearstohavemorepowertoreduceyouthdrugusethanthestricturesofaneducatedmotherandBraziliansoapspresentingeducatedurbanwomanrunningtheirownbusinessesarethoughttobecompellingrolemodels.Televisioncanalsoimprovehealth,InGhanaasoapoperalinethatwarnedmotherstheywerefeedingtheirchildren?morethanjustrice?iftheydidnotwashtheirhandsafterdefecatingwasfollowedbyaseeminglypermanentimprovementinpersonalhygiene.Whydosuchchangeshappen?Simple,saysKenny:soapoperas,whetherlocalversionsofUglyBettyorvintageimportsofBaywatch,openupnewhorizons.?Somehourscouldhebetterspoutplantingtrees,helpingoldladiesacrosstheroadorplayingcricket,?hesaid.?ButwatchingTVexposespeopletonewideasanddifferentpeople.Withthatwillcomegreateropportunity,growingequalityandabetterunderstandingoftheworld.Notbad.?WhydoestheanthermentionLadyChatterley?sLover?A)Toshowtelevisionhasgreatinfluenceonourdailylife.B)Toshowthattelevision?scontenthasnewchanges.C)Toshowthatviolenceandsexareacceptedbytheaudience.D)ToshowthestandardsofTVregulationhavechanged答案:D解析:A項(xiàng)過(guò)于籠統(tǒng)，是對(duì)全文主旨的概括。B項(xiàng)?表明電視內(nèi)容產(chǎn)生了新的變化?意思正確，但不是作者提及LadyChatterley?sLover的根本原因。由第三段開(kāi)頭?suchchangingstandards?知?這些變化的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?指的就是第二段提到的內(nèi)容。C項(xiàng)不能從文中找到根據(jù)，文章提到電視內(nèi)容涉及暴力和性愛(ài)，但并沒(méi)說(shuō)人們已經(jīng)接受了這些。[單選題]17.JeanWagner′smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatit()inareligious，aswellasworldly，frameofreference.A)istobeanalyzedB)hasbeenanalyzedC)beanalyzedD)shouldhavebeenanalyzed答案:C解析:考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。名詞insistence后面的同位語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。故本題選C。句意：吉恩·瓦各納對(duì)美國(guó)黑人詩(shī)歌研究的最杰出的貢獻(xiàn)是：他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為不僅要以世俗的觀點(diǎn)而且還要以宗教的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)分析他們的詩(shī)。[單選題]18._____thenoteyouleft,Iwouldhaveforgottentoclosethedoor.A)WithB)IncaseofC)BecauseofD)Butfor答案:D解析:句意：要不是你給我留了便條，我肯定會(huì)忘記關(guān)門(mén)。wouldhavedone本該做某事但沒(méi)做，虛擬語(yǔ)氣。butfor要不是，位于句首時(shí)句子用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其它選項(xiàng)無(wú)此用法。Incaseof假設(shè)，以防。[單選題]19.Theuniversehasmorethan100billionseparatesystemsofstarsandgasknownas_____.A)galleriesB)gangstersC)galaxiesD)garments答案:C解析:galaxy銀河系。gallery畫(huà)廊。gangster歹徒。garment服裝。[單選題]20.Acloserobserverofthesmallscreenoncecalledita?vastwastelandofviolence,sadismandmurder,privateeyes,gangstersandmoreviolence-andcartoons.?ThatishowNewtonMinow,aUStelevisionregulator,describeditin1961.Sincethantelevisionlanguagehasbecomemorecolourful,violencemoreexplicitandsexmoreprevalent.?LadyChatterley?sLoverhasmovedfromthebannedbookshelftoaclassicBBCserial.Concernoversuchchangingstandardshasshapedourviewoftelevision-andmaskeditsbroaderinfluenceindevelopingcountries.Toillustrateitseffects,KennycitesthecaseofBrazil.Whentelevisiontherebegantoshowasteadydietoflocalsoapsinthe1970s,Brazilianwomentypicallyhadfiveormorechildrenandweretrappedinpoverty.Asthepopularityofthesoapsgrew,birthratesfellAccordingtoresearchers,72%oftheleadingfemalecharactersinthemainsoapshadnochildrenandonly7%hadmorethanone.Onestudycalculatedthatsuchsoapshadthesameeffectonfertilityratesaskeepinggirlsinschoolforfiveyearsmorethannormal.Itisnotjustbirthratesthatareaffected.Kennynotes:?KidswhowatchTVoutofschool,accordingtoaWorldBanksurveyofyoungpeopleintheshantytownsofFortalezainBrazil,areconsiderablylesslikelytoconsumedrugs.?TelevisionappearstohavemorepowertoreduceyouthdrugusethanthestricturesofaneducatedmotherandBraziliansoapspresentingeducatedurbanwomanrunningtheirownbusinessesarethoughttobecompellingrolemodels.Televisioncanalsoimprovehealth,InGhanaasoapoperalinethatwarnedmotherstheywerefeedingtheirchildren?morethanjustrice?iftheydidnotwashtheirhandsafterdefecatingwasfollowedbyaseeminglypermanentimprovementinpersonalhygiene.Whydosuchchangeshappen?Simple,saysKenny:soapoperas,whetherlocalversionsofUglyBettyorvintageimportsofBaywatch,openupnewhorizons.?Somehourscouldhebetterspoutplantingtrees,helpingoldladiesacrosstheroadorplayingcricket,?hesaid.?ButwatchingTVexposespeopletonewideasanddifferentpeople.Withthatwillcomegreateropportunity,growingequalityandabetterunderstandingoftheworld.Notbad.?Whatdoes?it?refertointhefirstparagraph?A)Thesmallscreen.B)Avastwasteland.C)Televisionlanguage.D)LadyChatterley?sLover.答案:A解析:定位至第一段句首?Acloserobserverofthesmallscreenoncecalledita?vastwastelandofviolence,??一個(gè)對(duì)電視進(jìn)行過(guò)仔細(xì)觀察的人曾稱它為…?得知?它?指的是電視。A項(xiàng)正確。第二段第一句中提到?televisionlanguage…,violence...andsex...?其中，televisionlanguage與后面的violence,sex一起構(gòu)成對(duì)電視的描述，所以C項(xiàng)?televisionlanguage?不符合。[單選題]21.Iguessthenewly-wedsneedaperiodof_____.A)adjustmentB)admissionC)admirationD)automation答案:A解析:adjustment調(diào)整。admission接納。admiration欽佩，羨慕。automation自動(dòng)化。[單選題]22.Belloncetoldhisfamilythathewouldratherberememberedasateacherofdeafpeople_____ofthetelephone.A)thattheinventionB)thanastheinventorC)fortheinventionD)astheinventor答案:B解析:句意：貝爾曾對(duì)他的家人說(shuō)過(guò)他寧愿人們把他當(dāng)作聾人教師而不是電話的發(fā)明者來(lái)懷念。rather…than…是……而不是……。[單選題]23._____isthelastimportantnovelistandpoetofthe19thcentury.A)ThomasHardyB)GeorgeEliotC)AlfredTennysonD)RobertBrowning答案:A解析:托馬斯·哈代（1840-1928）英國(guó)詩(shī)人、小說(shuō)家，代表作品《德伯家的苔絲》《無(wú)名的裘德》，哈代是橫跨兩個(gè)世紀(jì)的作家，早期和中期的創(chuàng)作以小說(shuō)為主，繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)了維多利亞時(shí)代的文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)，晚年以其詩(shī)歌開(kāi)拓了英國(guó)二十世紀(jì)的文學(xué)。[單選題]24.Governmentreports,examinationcompositions,legaldocumentsandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations_____formallanguageisused.A)inwhichB)onwhichC)inthatD)atwhat答案:A解析:句意：政府報(bào)告、考試作文、法律文件和大多數(shù)商貿(mào)信函都使用正式語(yǔ)言。該題考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句。從該句結(jié)構(gòu)看。句中需要填入一個(gè)介詞與關(guān)系代詞（指代先行詞situations），而且要求介詞與situations構(gòu)成固定表達(dá)并使該句在語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上都符合要求。因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。[單選題]25.Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we_____soformally.A)neednothavedressedB)mustnothavedressedC)neednotdressD)mustnotdress答案:A解析:句意：結(jié)果是那只是一個(gè)小型的家庭聚會(huì)而已，我們本可以不打扮得如此正式的。neednot不必（做某事）。mustnot禁止，不準(zhǔn)（做某事）。此句表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，因此用完成時(shí)，隱含一種后悔的心情。[單選題]26.WhichAmericanuniversityiswiththelongesthistory？A)YaleB)OxfordC)HarvardD)Stanford答案:C解析:美國(guó)文化。題目問(wèn)美國(guó)哪所大學(xué)歷史最悠久，答案是Harvard(哈佛大學(xué))，創(chuàng)建于1636年。Yale(耶魯大學(xué))創(chuàng)建于1701年；Oxford(牛津大學(xué))在英國(guó)，創(chuàng)建于1167年；Stanford(斯坦福大學(xué))創(chuàng)建于1891年。[單選題]27.Duringthesix-month_____betweenhisarrestandthetrial,newevidencecametolight.A)breakB)gapC)intervalD)interruption答案:C解析:interval間隔，間隙。break裂口，休息，中斷的時(shí)間。gap裂縫，缺口。interruption打岔，中斷。[單選題]28.Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedintostops，fricative，nasalsect.，intermsof()A)opennessofmouthB)mannerofarticulationC)placeofarticulationD)voicing答案:B解析:考查語(yǔ)音學(xué)。爆破音、摩擦音和鼻音是根據(jù)發(fā)聲的方式進(jìn)行分類的，[單選題]29.Althoughtheteacherhasexplainedtous，themeaningofthearticleisstill()tome.A)faintB)obscureC)ambiguousD)vague答案:C解析:考查形容詞辨析。雖然老師已經(jīng)向我們解釋過(guò)了，但這篇文章的意思對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)仍然模糊不清。[單選題]30.SisterCarrieisamasterpieceof()work.A)romanticB)classicC)neoclassicD)naturalistic答案:D解析:考查美國(guó)作家及其代表作?！都卫蛎妹谩肥亲匀恢髁x中最偉大的作品。[單選題]31.Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutharmfulactionscommittedagainstthemselvesorothershasbeenthefocusofrecentresearchintothemoraldevelopmentofchildren.Untilrecently,childpsychologistssupportedpioneerdevelopmentalistJeanPiagetinhishypothesisthatbecauseoftheirimmaturity,childrenunderagesevendonottakeintoaccounttheintentionsofapersoncommittingaccidentalordeliberateharm,butrathersimplyassignpunishmentfortransgressionsonthebasisofthemagnitudeofthenegativeconsequencescaused.AccordingtoPiaget,childrenunderagesevenoccupythefirststageofmoraldevelopment,whichischaracterizedbymoralabsolutism(rulesmadebyauthoritiesmustbeobeyed)andimminentjustice(ifrulesarebroken,punishmentwillbemetedout).Untilyoungchildrenmature,theirmoraljudgmentsarebasedentirelyontheeffectratherthanthecauseofatransgression.However,inrecentresearch,Keaseyfoundthatsix-year-oldchildrennotonlydistinguishbetweenaccidentalandintentionalharm,butalsojudgeintentionalharmasnaughtier,regardlessoftheamountofdamageproduced.Bothofthesefindingsseemtoindicatethatchildren,atanearlieragethanPiagetclaimed,advanceintothesecondstageofmoraldevelopment,moralautonomy,inwhichtheyacceptsocialrulesbutviewthemasmorearbitrarythandochildreninthefirststage.Keasey?sresearchraisestwokeyquestionsfordevelopmentalpsychologistsaboutchildrenunderageseven:dotheyrecognizejustificationsforharmfulactions,anddotheymakedistinctionsbetweenharmfulactsthatarepreventableandthoseactsthathaveunforeseenharmfulconsequences?Studiesindicatethatjustificationsexcusingharmfulactionsmightinclude?public?duty,self-defense,andprovocation.Forexample,NesdaleandRuleconcludedthatchildrenwerecapableofconsideringwhetherornotanaggressor?sactionwasjustifiedbypublicduty:fiveyearoldsreactedverydifferentlyto?BonniewrecksArm?spretendhouse?dependingonwhetherBonniedidit?sosomebodywon?tfalloverit?orbecauseBonniewanted?tomakeAnnfeelbad?.Thus,achildoffivebeginstounderstandthatcertainharmfulactions,thoughintentional,canbejustified;theconstraintsofmoralabsolutismnolongersolelyguidetheirjudgments.Psychologistshavedeterminedthatduringkindergartenchildrenlearntomakesubtledistinctionsinvolvingharm.Darleyobservedthatamong-actsinvolvingunintentionalharm,six-year-oldchildrenjustenteringkindergartencouldnotdifferentiatebetweenforeseeable,andthuspreventable,harmandunforeseeableharmforwhichtheperpetratorcannotbeblamed.Sevenmonthslater,however,Darleyfoundthatthesesamechildrencouldmakebothdistinctions,thusdemonstratingthattheyhadbecomemorallyautonomous.Accordingtothepassage,Darleyfoundthataftersevenmonthsofkindergartensixyearoldsacquiredwhichofthefollowingabilities?A)DifferentiatingbetweenforeseeableandunforeseeableharmB)IdentifyingwiththeperpetratorofaharmfulactionC)JustifyingharmfulactionsthatresultfromprovocationD)Evaluatingthemagnitudeofnegativeconsequencesresultingfromthe-breakingofrules答案:A解析:由上文couldnotdifferentiatebetweenforeseeable…andunforeseeableharm可知，7個(gè)月后，兒童會(huì)有辨別可預(yù)知和不可預(yù)知傷害行為的能力。[單選題]32.()laidthefoundationsofEnglishstate.A)CeltsB)TheAnglo-SaxonsC)TheRomansD)TheNormans答案:B解析:考查英國(guó)歷史。盡管盎格魯·撒克遜人是野蠻民族，征戰(zhàn)不休，但他們?yōu)橛?guó)國(guó)家的形成打下了基礎(chǔ)。[單選題]33.TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnisa_____storyofavoyageontheMississippi.A)picaresqueB)loveC)tragicD)comic答案:A解析:《哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》是十九世紀(jì)后期美國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義作家馬克·吐溫的著名作品，被海明威稱為?現(xiàn)代美國(guó)文學(xué)之源?。這部小說(shuō)描寫(xiě)主人公哈克和黑奴吉姆的流浪故事。白人少年哈克為了追求自由的生活，逃到密西西比河上。途中，遇到了從主人家中出逃的黑奴吉姆。他們一起漂流在密西西比河上，過(guò)著自由自在的生活。[單選題]34.It()wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks()Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A)wasuntil；whenB)wasuntil；thatC)wasn?t；whenD)wasn?tuntil；that答案:D解析:考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句糅合了not...until的結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks，后面填that。故本題選D。句意：我們?cè)谝黄鸫藥字?，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有很多相同之處。[單選題]35.Inayearwhensomanypeoplelamentedthedeclineinmoralvaluesormadeexcusesforbadbehavior,heforcefullyset_____hisvisionofthegoodlifeandurgedtheworldtofollowit.A)backB)upC)downD)forth答案:D解析:句意：當(dāng)人們?yōu)榈赖禄掳@或?yàn)槌髳旱男袨殚_(kāi)脫時(shí)，他強(qiáng)有力地提出對(duì)美好生活的設(shè)想，并且鼓勵(lì)人們?yōu)橹畩^斗。setforth宣布，提出，發(fā)表；動(dòng)身。setback受挫。setup設(shè)置，樹(shù)立。setdown放下，制定。[單選題]36.Exaltationofemotionabovereasonisaprincipleof_____.A)RomanticismB)RealismC)NaturalismD)Modernism答案:A解析:浪漫主義者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是情感，直覺(jué)和想象。他們更注意的是人的精神和感情生活層面，而非理性。故選A。[單選題]37.TenamendmentsintroducedbyJamesMadisonin1789wereaddedtotheConstitution，whichareknownas()A)theBillofRightsB)theCivilRightsC)FederalistPapersD)theArticlesofConfederation答案:A解析:美國(guó)歷史。題目考查1789年加入美國(guó)憲法的十條修正案叫什么，它們其實(shí)就是通常所說(shuō)的theBillofRights(《人權(quán)法案》)。[單選題]38.Theadoptionofthenewpolicywouldrelievethefactories_____atremendousburden.A)awayB)ofC)upD)in答案:B解析:relievesb.of解除，解救，免于。[單選題]39.Beginnersshouldlearntoreadinsensegroupsbypracticing_____,sothattheycanapplyitautomatically.A)consciouslyB)hardlyC)effortlesslyD)gradually答案:A解析:consciously有意識(shí)地，自覺(jué)地。hardly幾乎不。effortlessly毫不費(fèi)力地。gradually逐漸地。[單選題]40.Youshouldchooseadentistin_____thesamewayasyouchooseaphysician,getthenamesoftwoorthreedentistsfromfriendsandrelativesandhaveapreliminaryvisitwitheach.A)veryB)exactC)generallyD)much答案:D解析:句意：你可以像選擇物理學(xué)家一樣選擇牙醫(yī)，從朋友和親戚那里了解到幾個(gè)牙醫(yī)的名字，然后逐個(gè)進(jìn)行初步的訪問(wèn)。inthesamewayas與…用同樣的方法，也可以用much來(lái)修飾，即inmuchthesamewayas。[單選題]41._____hasbeenknownastheautomobilecapitaloftheworld.A)NewYorkB)AtlantaC)PhiladelphiaD)Detroit答案:D解析:底特律有世界?汽車之城?的美稱。[單選題]42.Printbooksmaybeundersiegefromtheriseofe-books,buttheyhaveatenaciousholdonaparticulargroup:childrenandtoddlers.Theirparentsareinsistingthisnextgenerationofreadersspendtheirearlyyearswithold-fashionedbooks.Thisisthecaseevenwithparentswhothemselvesaredie-harddownloadersofbooksontoKindles,iPads,laptopsandphones.Theyfreelyacknowledgetheirdigitaldoublestandard,sayingtheywanttheirchildrentobesurroundedbyprintbooks,toexperienceturningphysicalpagesastheylearnaboutshapes,colorsandanimals.Parentsalsosaytheylikecuddlingupwiththeirchildandabook,andfearthatashinygadgetmightgetalltheattention.Also,iflittleJoeyisgoingtospitup,abookmaybeeasiertocleanthanatabletcomputer.Astheadultbookworldturnsdigitalatafasterratethanpublishersexpected,salesofe-booksfortitlesaimedatchildrenunder8havebarelybudged.Theyrepresentlessthan5percentoftotalannualsalesofchildren?sbooks,severalpublishersestimated,comparedwithmorethan25percentinsomecategoriesofadultbooks.Manyprintbooksareboughtasgifts,sincethedelightsofanAmazongiftcardarelostonmost6-year-olds.Children?sbooksarealsoabrightspotforbrick-and-mortarbookstores,sinceparentsoftenwanttoflipthroughanentirebookbeforebuyingit,somethingtheyusuallycannotdowithe-bookbrowsing.AstudycommissionedbyHarperCollinsin2010foundthatbooksboughtfor3-to7-year-oldswerefrequentlydiscoveredatalocalbookstore-38percentofthetime.Andhereisaquestionforadigitaleradebate:isanythinglostbytakingapicturebookandconvertingittoane-book?JunkoYokota,aprofessoranddirectoroftheCenterforTeachingThroughChildren?sBooksatNationalLouisUniversityinChicago,thinkstheanswerisyes,becausetheshapeandsizeofthebookareoftenpartofthereadingexperience.Widerpagesmightbeusedtoconveybroadlandscapes,oratallerformatmightbechosenforstoriesaboutskyscrapers.Sizeandshape?becomepartoftheemotionalexperience,theintellectualexperience.There?salotyoucan?tstandardizeandstickintoanelectronicformat,?saidMs.Yokota,whohaslecturedonhowtodecidewhenachild?sbookisbestsuitedfordigitalorprintformat.Publisherssaytheyaregraduallyincreasingthenumberofprintpicturebooksthattheyareconvertingtodigitalformat,eventhoughitistime-consumingandexpensive,anddevelopershavebeenbusycreatinginteractivechildren?sbookapps.WhiletheentryofnewtabletdevicesfromBarnes&NobleandAmazonthisfallisexpectedtoincreasethedemandforchildren?se-books,severalpublisherssaidtheysuspectedthatmanyparentswouldstillprefertheprintversions.?There?sdefinitelyapredispositiontoprint,?saidJonYaged,presidentandpublisherofMacmillanChildren?sPublishingGroup.?Andtheparentsarethesamefolkswhowillhavenoqualmsaboutbuyingane-bookforthemselves,?headded.ThatistheeaseinthehomeofAriWallach,atech-obsessedNewYorkentrepreneurwhohelpscompaniesupdatetheirtechnology.HehimselfreadsonKindle,iPadandiPhone,buttheroomofhistwingirlsispackedwithonlyprintbooks.?IknowI?maLudditeonthis,butthere?ssomethingverypersonalaboutabookandnotoneofonethousandfilesonaniPad,somethingthat?sconnectedandemotional,somethingIgrewupwithandthatlwantthemtogrowupwith,?hesaid.?Irecognizethatwhentheyaremyage,it?llbedifficulttofinda?dead-treebook,?headded.?Thatbeingsaid,Ifeelthatlearningwithbooksisasimportantariteofpassageaslearningtoeatwithutensilsandbeingpotty-trained.?Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethepublishers?opinion?A)Theywillconvertmorepicturebookstodigitalformatbecauseoftheincreaseddemandforchildren?se-booksB)Theywillincreasethenumberofprintpicturebooksbecausemanyparentswanttheirchildrentobesurroundedbyprintbooks.C)Printbooksarereducedtogift.D)Parentswouldchangetheirreadinghabitsduetotheirconcernfortheirchildren.答案:B解析:本題需要綜合文章第五，第六段，第七段的信息來(lái)回答。第五段提出，盡管費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力，出版商們將增加紙質(zhì)書(shū)籍的數(shù)量。而文中沒(méi)有提到這是因?yàn)?children?se-books?需求增加，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。第五段提到許多出版商認(rèn)為家長(zhǎng)?prefertheprintversion?，第六段中麥克米倫兒童出版社董事?JonYaged?指出?There?sdefinitelyapredispositiontoprint?。由此可以推斷，出版商們會(huì)增加?picturebooks?的產(chǎn)量。緊接著在第七段給出一個(gè)紐約企業(yè)家的例子，他希望自己的孩子可以?growupwith?紙質(zhì)書(shū)籍。因此可以看出B選項(xiàng)說(shuō)出版商將會(huì)增印紙質(zhì)書(shū)籍由于家長(zhǎng)希望孩子?besurroundedbyprintbooks?是正確選項(xiàng)。C和D選項(xiàng)不是?publisher?sopinion.?，因此可以排除。[單選題]43.IntheCanadianparliamentarysystem，()holdsthehighestposition.A)TheBritishCrownB)ThePresidentC)TheGovernorGeneralD)ThePrimeMinister答案:C解析:考查加拿大政治。加拿大國(guó)會(huì)最高職位是總督。[單選題]44.Thecrowdcheered_____asshetookthesmoke-blackenedbundleoutofmyarms-Ihadsavedherbaby!A)cheerfullyB)wildlyC)happilyD)outwardly答案:B解析:句意：當(dāng)她從我手上接過(guò)被煙熏黑的襁褓時(shí)，人們激動(dòng)地歡呼--我救了她的孩子！wildly激動(dòng)地。cheerfully高興地。happily快樂(lè)地，幸福地。outwardly表面地，外觀上。[單選題]45.Wearegoingtoreferbackthisimportantmatter_____thedepartmentconcerned.A)toB)onC)forD)against答案:A解析:referbackto把（申請(qǐng)等）打回或轉(zhuǎn)給（回），重新提及。[單選題]46.Thereissubstantialevidencethatby1926,withthepublicationofTheWearyBlues,LangstonHugheshadbrokenwithtwowell-establishedtraditionsinAfricanAmericanliterature.InTheWearyBlues,HugheschosetomodifythetraditionsthatdecreedthatAfricanAmericanliteraturemustpromoteracialacceptanceandintegration,andthat,inordertodoso,itmustreflectanunderstandingandmasteryofWesternEuropeanliterarytechniquesandstyles.Necessarilyexcludedbythisdecree,linguisticallyandthematically,wasthevastamountofsecularfolkmaterialintheoraltraditionthathadbeencreatedbyBlackpeopleintheyearsofslaveryandafter.Itmightbepointedoutthateventhespiritualsor?sorrowsongs?oftheslaves-asdistinctfromtheirsecularsongsandstories-hadbeenEuropeanizedtomakethemacceptablewithintheseAfricanAmericantraditionsaftertheCivilWar.In1862northernWhitewritershadcommentedfavorablyontheuniqueandprovocativemelodiesofthese?sorrowsongs?whentheyfirstheardthemsungbyslavesintheCarolinaseaislands.Butby1916,tenyearsbeforethepublicationofTheWearyBlues,HurryT.Burleigh,theBlackbaritonesoloistatNewYork?sultrafashionableSaintGeorge?sEpiscopalChurch,hadpublishedJubileeSongsoftheUnitedState