英語文化開題報告

某某學(xué)院外語系畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告課題名稱OnCulturalDifferencesinNumberWorshipandNumberTaboosBetweenChinaandWesternCountries姓名某人學(xué)號20100102班級英教四班專業(yè)英語指導(dǎo)教師某某某2013年8月1日論文（設(shè)計）題目OnCulturaldifferencesinNumberWorshipandNumberTaboosbetweenChinaandWesternCountries一、選題意義及研究現(xiàn)狀（文獻綜述）世界各族都有自己的數(shù)字文化，李慶明的《跨文化交際—理論與實踐》一書中提到中西方國家存在不同的數(shù)字文化，指出因為中西方不同民族文化習(xí)俗，宗教信仰，審美觀等形成了各自不同的數(shù)字文化觀；并闡明數(shù)字本身并無兇吉，不同民族對數(shù)字的篤信與禁忌，只反映各民族的不同文化心理，并無科學(xué)依據(jù)。本文以數(shù)字崇拜和數(shù)字禁忌為主線，對中西文化不同的數(shù)字文化傳統(tǒng)進行異同對比：有些數(shù)字在中西方含義表達相似，也存在同一數(shù)字在不同國家所表達含義不同的現(xiàn)象，以及不同國家特別數(shù)字的所表示的獨特意義，產(chǎn)生了不同的數(shù)字崇拜和數(shù)字禁忌現(xiàn)象。對不同文化背景下數(shù)字文化傳統(tǒng)的了解為跨文化交際和諧進行奠定有利基礎(chǔ)，以便避免文化交際中不必要的中西文跨沖突，幫助我們了解英漢國家不同的民族文化取向，讓我們在跨文化交際中避免用自己的文化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來解釋別人的言語行為，防止跨文化交際中的產(chǎn)生沖突，從而達到成功交流的目的。二、研究內(nèi)容（含研究的問題，重點、難點和創(chuàng)新點等）世界各民族都有自己的數(shù)字文化，數(shù)字蘊含的文化信息鮮明地體現(xiàn)了該民族文化的內(nèi)涵與特色。在不同的語言背景下，不同的民族文化中產(chǎn)生各自特有的數(shù)字文化現(xiàn)象。數(shù)字文化最重要的內(nèi)容是數(shù)字崇拜和數(shù)字禁忌。本文著重從這兩方面著手把漢、英數(shù)字文化進行對比，探討中西文化的差異，以期在中西跨文化交際和諧進行。本文在以上觀點的前提下，深入分析英漢文化中的不同的數(shù)字觀，以數(shù)字崇拜和數(shù)字禁忌為主線，對中西文化不同的數(shù)字文化進行異同對比：（研究問題）總結(jié)相同或相似的崇拜現(xiàn)象、對比不同的崇拜現(xiàn)象；（重點）分析英漢文化中不同的禁忌現(xiàn)象。并探引起不同數(shù)字觀的淵源。隨著中國對外開放程度的逐漸深入，西方社會的人和事物越來越多地走進了我們的視野，在這種情況下這就為我們提供了許多與西方人接觸和交往的機會，在與之交往的過程中不同的國家或地區(qū)，乃至不同的民族，對于不同的數(shù)字均賦予了不同的意義，使普通的數(shù)字具有超越語言的靈性，體現(xiàn)出不同的文化類型。（難點）從數(shù)字禁忌和數(shù)字崇拜出發(fā)對比分析中英數(shù)字的文化內(nèi)涵和外延，有助于我們了解中英民族的文化心理，避免在跨文化交際活動中因文化差異而引起誤解和沖突。（創(chuàng)新點）本文從中西方對數(shù)字不同的傳統(tǒng)觀念，探討中西方數(shù)字文化的差異，以求在對外交往中減少誤會與磨擦，達到交際的目。三、研究方法及總體思路通過查閱多方面中西文化交際有關(guān)書籍，獲取中西數(shù)字文化在數(shù)字崇拜和數(shù)字禁忌方面的知識，對比分析其異同，指出不同文化背景下體現(xiàn)出不同的數(shù)字文化觀，得出結(jié)論:數(shù)字的兇吉蘊含不同民族文化心理不具有科學(xué)性，在交際中對此的理解不應(yīng)存在偏見。通過本論文細致的分析和總結(jié)，使讀者獲取關(guān)于中西文化中有關(guān)數(shù)字崇拜和數(shù)字禁忌豐富知識的同時，認識到中西文化交際中應(yīng)尊重各自文化傳統(tǒng)的平等地位，潛意識中提高了自身跨文化交際能力，提醒來自不同國家不同文化背景的人們在進行跨文化交際時應(yīng)追求平等、和諧交際。四、論文提綱（單詞）I.IntroductionThisarticlebrieflyintroducesthewritingbackgroundandpurpose.Inrealitythemorefrequentcross-culturalcommunication,theunderstandingofthedigitalcultureofeachcountryview,promotecross-culturalcommunicationmoreharmonious.Allethnicgroupsintheworldhasitsownnumericalculture,LiQingming's"cross-culturalcommunicationtheoryandpractice"mentionedintheWestaredifferentdigitalculture,pointsoutthatbecauseofdifferentnationalitiesinthewestcultureandcustoms,religiousbeliefs,aestheticvaluesandformedadifferentnumberofculture;andtoelucidatethenumberitselfisnotevilJi,beliefandtabooofdifferentethnicgroupsoffigures,onlyreflectthedifferentethnicculturalpsychology,thereisnoscientificbasisfor.Theaboveview,in-depthanalysisofEnglishandChinesecultureindifferentdigitalview,takingdigitalworshipanddigitaltabooasthemainline,tocomparedifferentdigitalcultureofChineseandWesternCulture:1)summarizedworshipphenomenon,thesameorsimilarworshipdifferentphenomenon;2)analyzingdifferenttaboosinEnglishandChineseculture.Andtheoriginofdifferentdigitalviewcaused.WithChina'sopeninggradually,thewesternsocietyandthingsmoreandmoreintoourfieldofvision,inthiscaseitprovidesuswithmanyWesternerscontactandcommunicationopportunities,differentinassociationwiththecountriesorregions,anddifferentethnicgroups,fordifferentfiguresaregivendifferentmeanings,sothatordinarydigitalhasgonebeyondthelanguageofspirituality,reflectdifferentculturetype.Therefore,fromtheworshipofnumericaltaboosandcomparativeanalysisoftheconnotationandtheextensionofthefigures,andhelpustounderstandtheChinesenationalculturalpsychology,toavoidmisunderstandingandconflictcausedbyculturaldifferencesininterculturalcommunication.Thisarticlefromthewesterntraditionalideasonthenumberofdifferent,toexplorethedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternDigitalCulture,inordertoreducemisunderstandingandfrictionintheforeignexchanges,toachievethecommunicativepurpose.II.BriefIntroductionoftheHistoryofNumbersTheoriginofdigital,digitalisthecombinationofconceptsandsymbols,isderivedfromthehumantotheobjectiveworldobservationandexplorationandunderstandingofthematerialworldsummary.Peopleuseittomeanthatthenumberofthingsororder,butbecauseofdifferentculturalbackgroundgivesthedifferentdigitalculture,digitalcultureformeddifferentview.AnimportantpartofthedigitalcultureistheculturalcomparisonbetweenEnglishandChinesedigitalworshipanddigitaltaboos.Mathematicsasasubjectofthemostancient,ancientChinesethinkershavelongrecognizedthatarelationshipbetweenthenumberandthenatureoftheuniverse.TheHanDynastyofChina'sDongZhongshusaid:"theland,Yin,Yang,fire,wood,gold,waterandpeople,thenumberofdays,sothenumbertotenandcheck.""Fivelines"istheObjectivethemultiplicityofthingsageneralization.Soourancientpeoplehabitsandliketosumthingsinordertoachievetheobjects.Inthewest,thephilosophersintheunderstandingandinterpretationoftheworldwhen,firstmetandneedtosolvetheproblemistoseveralissues,itwasthoughtthat"number"istheoriginofallthings,nonothing;Westernersbelievethat"asource,"saidthemotherofthegodsisacase.TheHannationalitylivinginthemainland,mainlyliveintheCentralPlainsarea,therearecharacteristicsofstablementality,onthelivingenvironmentofthefeelingissafe,fusion,thinkingabout"harmony".Therefore,theunderstandingofnatureisrich,warm,feeltheway,cognitivestylefocusonintuitiveunderstanding,solanguageischaracterizedbyheavy"parataxis",thelanguagehastheconnotationisverydeepthoughts,suchasChineseidiomsare"relateindetail","thefivetencolor","whenallissaidanddone"etc.Thewesternersforislandresidentsornomads,contrarytoChinese,theirwayoflifehascharacteristicsofmobility,stability,thesepeopleacertainindependence,theythinkofnatureashumanoppositeexistence,thinkingform,weightanalysis.Westernersthiswayofthinkingsothattheyusedigitalweight"hypotaxis",virtuallylimitedthedigitalassociativemeaningofplay.III.NumberWorshipThemaindigitalworshipofChineseandWesternculturecomparisonandtrackthecauseofdifferentdigitalworshipphenomenon.3.1NumberworshipofChinaandwesternnations3.1.1SimilarworshipphenomenonofChineseandwesterners3.1.2Chineseandwesternersdifferentworshipphenomenon3.1.3Chineseexclusivenumberworship3.2Reasonsofworldnumberworship3.2.1Widespreadcommercialinterestbroughtbyworldnumberworship3.2.2Regionaldifferencesinnumberworship3.2.3HistoryReasonofnumberworship3.2.4ReligiousReasonofNumberWorshipIV.TheOtherNumeralCulture:NumbertaboosThisdigitaltabooinChineseandWesternculturecomparison.Fromtheintroductionofdigitaltabootaboocultureconcept,aredifferentinChineseandEnglish(cases4and7inChinaisbelievedtobeanunluckynumber,intheAngloAmericancountries,13isconsideredanunluckynumber),andanalysisofthehistoricalreasonsandreligiousreasonsofdifferentdigitaltaboosview.WesterncultureoriginatedinancientGreekculture,Christiancultureisthemainstreamofthesocialculture,ithastheprofoundinfluenceunderstandingofdigitalculture.Forexample,peopleintheWesthave"theTrinity",leadthepeopletothenumber3withtheunderstandingoftheconnotationoftheperfectgeely.InadditiontowesternculturebutalsobytheGreekmythsandthemythofRome'sinfluence,accordingtothelegend,inaparadiseinhonorofthewardeadsoulbanquet,originallythereare12Godsinthedinner,butalsotothebanquet13,therebybringingdisastertothegods.Becauseofthis,theWesternerstaboo13liketoseetheplagueoffear.TheChinesenationalculture,traditionalcultureandreligiouscultureisalsoinextricablylinked.Confucianism,TaoismandBuddhismhasaprofoundimpactonthedigitalcontentinChineseculture."IChing",mentionedin"alifeoftwo,two,three,Sanshengthings",thenumber"three"isconsideredtobetheoriginofallthings4.1SomeunluckyCombinations4.2SomenumbertaboosphenomenoninChina4.3Reasonsfornumbertaboos4.3.1Historyreason4.3.2TheeffectofwesternChristianityonnumeralculture4.3.3Adigitaltaboosdifferentsociallife.V.FundamentalReasonforNumberCultureGapSummarizethemaincauseofdigitalculturaldifferencesinChineseandWesternCulture:Digitalwesterndifferentimportanceanddifferentwaysofthinking.Chinesetraditionalcultureisamajorfeatureoftheinductivemethod,butnodeductionmethod.Itisfromtheconcretepreconditiontogeneralreasoning.Ithastwofunctions,oneissummarizedingeneral,twoistospeculateaboutthefutureresults,theconclusionsarebeyondthescopeofthepremise.Thedeductionisjusttheopposite,itisthepremiseofthetransitionfromthegeneraltothespecificreasoning,itsconclusionisnotbeyondthescopeofthepremise,""heaven"liyifenshu"and"ascience",originatedfromthebookofchangeseachhexagramcontainsheaven,authenticandhumanity,thatdaytheruleoflawisonethingwiththeworld.WesterncultureisdeeplyinfluencedbytheancientGreekculture,manyofthegreatancientGreekculturehasmadeevaluation,Marxsaid:AncientGreekcultureisapermanentcharm,aspecification,anunreachablemodel.Russelloncesaid:theancientGreekculturehasmadeamazingachievementsinthefieldofpureknowledge,creativemathematicsandphilosophy,scienceandhistoryofacademicresearchandscholarship.ItisveryimportantintheeyesofWesternersinancientGreekculture.VI.ConclusionPointsoutthatthedigitalitselfhasnoluck,butindifferentculturalbackgroundoftheformationofadigitalculturedifferentview,onlyreflectthedifferentethnicculturalpsychology,thereisnoscientificbasisfor.Thereforetheanalysisthatsolvetheproblem,notonlytokeepobjectiveandthespiritofseekingtruthfromfacts,butalsotorespectdifferentculturesandcustoms,andpromotetheharmonyofcrossculturalcommunication.Thereisnogoodorbadfortunedigitalandappraiseofsignificance.Butwiththedevelopmentoflanguageandculture,peopleareconstantlyenrichitsconnotation,addcolor.Accordingtothedigitalpronunciation,oronthebasisofreligionSuperstitionsandtheassociationasasymbolofauspiciousorominous,accordingly,thewesternnationandevenworlddifferentwiththeirownfierceandauspiciousnumber.GoodandbadfortuneofdigitalanddigitalAssociation,hastherichnationalculture.LuckynumbersandfierceandthenumberofChineseandWesterncultureissomeinterestingthings.Butbecauseoftheinfluenceof