高一英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）必修一課時(shí)作業(yè)（11）Unit4LookinggoodGrammarusageIntegratedskills

20202021學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版(2020)必修第一冊(cè)同步課時(shí)作業(yè)（11）Unit4Grammarusage&Integratedskills一、填空1.Awoman_____(attack)androbbedbyagangofyouthsnearthetrainstationjustnow.2.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment____

theylive.3.Tomyanger,thethiefstoleeverythinginmypurse,__________________(include)mycreditcard.4.Weshouldprotectourenvironmentfrombeingpolluted__________________(enjoy)ablueskyandliveahealthylife.5.Hewenttohospitaltohaveasmall_________________(operate)onhiskneelastweek.6.Overthelastfewdecades,economicglobalizationhasc_________________greatlytoglobalgrowth.7.Ina_________________tohismoviework,Redfordisknownasachampionofenvironmentalcauses.8.Mybeingunabletoconcentrateisstartingtohavean_________________effectonmystudy.9.Any_______(數(shù)量),greatorsmall,willbeappreciated.10."Everytimewehaveavotelikethis,itratchetsupthep______,"hesaid.11.Letthislist,butnotyour________(時(shí)間表),betherulerofyourday.12.Speakfromtheheartaboutyourfeelingswithouta______orblame.13.Butthelengthof______?(治療)dependsontheproblem.14.Notonlythat,butitalsofocusesyourthoughtsonthen___________.15.Itwillremainanindeliblestainonhis______(記憶).二、閱讀理解

What'syouropiniononspicyfood?Somepeoplecannothandleeventhesmallestamountofthechili(辣椒)intheirdinnerwhileotherscan'tgetenoughofit.

Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovechilieswhileothersloathethem.Plentyofresearchhasbeendoneonthesubject,datingasfarbackasthe1970s.Previousresultsshowedthataloveofchiliesisrelatedtochildhoodexperiences,andculturalinfluencesaffectourtastebuds,too.Butthelateststudyhasfoundthataperson'sloveofspicyfoodmaybelinkedtohisorherpersonalitymorethananythingelse,CBCNewsreported.

"Wehavealwaysassumedthatlikingdrivesintake一weeatwhatwelikeandwelikewhatweeat.Butnoonehasactuallydirectlybotheredtoconnectthesepersonalitytraits(特點(diǎn))withtheintakeofchilipeppers,"saidProfessorJohnHayesfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,wholedthestudy.

Butbeforeyoulookatthestudy,youshouldfirstknowthat"spicy"isnotataste,unlikesour,sweet,bitterandsalty.Itis,infact,aburningsensationthatyoufeelonthesurfaceofyourtongue.Thisgotscientiststhinkingthatmaybealoveofspicyfoodisbroughtaboutbypeople'slongingforthrills,somethingtheyusuallygetfromwatchingactionmoviesorridingarollercoaster.

Inthestudy,97participants,bothmaleandfemale,wereaskedtofilloutquestionnairesaboutcertaintraitsoftheirpersonalities,forexample,whethertheylikenewexperiencesortendtoavoidrisks.Theywerethengivencupsofwaterwithcapsaicin,theplantchemicalthatmakeschiliesburn,mixedintothem.

Byparingtheanswerstothequestionnairesandwhatparticipantssaidtheyfeltaboutthespicywater,researchersfoundthatthosewhoweremosttendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater.

Interestingly,weusedtobelievethatthereasonwhysomepeoplecanwithstandspicyfoodisthattheirtongueshavebeelesssensitivetoit.However,thislateststudyhasfoundotherwise."It'snotthatitdoesn'tburnasbadly,butit'sthatyouactuallylearntoliketheburn,"explainedHayes.1.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"loathe"inthesecondparagraph?

A.Dislike. B.Fear. C.Putupwith. D.Adaptto.

2.WhatdidProfessorJohnHayesandhisteamdiscoverfromtheirstudy?

A.Whatweeatactuallyhelpstodevelopourpersonalities.

B.Malesaremorelikelytoenjoyspicyfoodthanfemales.

C.Thosetryingtoavoidriskstendtobelessinterestedinspicyfood.

D.Peoplearewrongtotreatspicyasakindoftasteratherthanafeeling.

3.Whydosomepeoplelikespicyfoodaccordingtotherecentstudy?

A.Becausetheirtastebudshavebeelesssensitive.

B.Becausetheylovetheburningsensation.

C.Becausetheywanttochallengethemselves.

D.Becausethemoretheytryspicyfood,thelessitburns.

4.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Hisorherparents'dietsdecidehisorherpersonality.

B.Thelateststudyshowswhetherapersonenjoysspicyfoodlargelydependshisorherpersonality.

C.Hisorherchildhoodexperiencesdecidehisorherpersonality.

D.Hisorherculturalbackgrounddecideshisorherpersonality.三、語(yǔ)法填空

Developingtablemanners

①____(be)oneoftheearlieststepsparentscantakeinteachingandshowinggoodbehaviortotheirchildren.paredwithfamiliesthatseldomeattogether,familiesthateattogethermostdaysoftheweektendtobe②____(healthy).

Expertsholdthebelief

③____teachingtablemannerscanstartwhenachildiseatingindependentlyoutofthehighchairoroldenoughtositatthetable.Tablemanners

④____(teach)intheearlystagesincludeteachingkidstoavoidreachingacrossthetable,eatingfromtheirownplates,andsaying"please"and"thankyou".

Familymealsprovidegoodchances

⑤____(show)andteachgoodmanners.Kidscanbetaughttopolitelysayitwhentheydon'tlikesomething.Also,youngkidsoftencan'tsitthewholemeal,butcanlearntoproperlydismiss

⑥____(they),ratherthaninterruptthemeal.Besides,nevercorrectmannersin

⑦_(dá)___inappropriatewayandexplaintokidswhyyoupracticemanners,suchaswhywechew

⑧____ourmouthclosed.In

⑨____(add),everyoneatthetableshouldbeallowedtobepartofapositiveconversation.Keepitlightheartedand

⑩____(interest)andtalkaboutpositivethingsatthetable.答案以及解析一1.答案：wasattacked解析：句意為：一位女士在火車站附近遭到了一伙少年襲擊和搶劫。主語(yǔ)Awoman和attack之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，因此用wasattacked。2.答案：where解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,指代先行詞environment,并在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),因此填關(guān)系副詞where.3.答案：including解析：考查介詞。句意:令我生氣的是,小偷偷走了我錢包里的所有東西,包括我的信用卡。根據(jù)句意可知,這里表示"包括……在內(nèi)",故填including。includingsth.=sth.included。4.答案：toenjoy解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境免受污染,以享受藍(lán)天并過(guò)一種健康的生活。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。5.答案：operation解析：考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:上周他去醫(yī)院去給膝蓋做了個(gè)小手術(shù)。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)用名詞,意為"手術(shù)",故填operation。6.答案：contributed7.答案：addition8.答案：negative9.答案：amount10.答案：pressure11.答案：schedule解析：12.答案：attack解析：13.答案：treatment解析：14.答案：negative解析：15.答案：memory解析：二.答案：14:ACBB解析：1.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的Scientistshavelongbeenpuzzledbywhysomepeoplelovechilieswhileothersloathethem.可知科學(xué)家們對(duì)于為什么一些人很喜歡辣椒而其他人很不喜歡辣椒感到很困惑,根據(jù)while可知前后為對(duì)比關(guān)系,loathe與love為反義詞,意為"不喜歡",所以A選項(xiàng)是正確的。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的researchersfoundthatthosewhoweremosttendedtoenjoyactionmoviesortakeriskswereaboutsixtimesmorelikelytoenjoythespicywater可知,研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)那些喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人更喜歡辣椒水,由此可知不喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人不喜歡辣味食物,所以C選項(xiàng)是正確的。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的infact,aburningsensationthatyoufeelonthesurfaceofyourtongue可知辣味的食物會(huì)給舌頭帶來(lái)燃燒的感覺(jué),以及最后一段中的"It'snotthatitdoesn'tburnasbadly,butit'sthatyouactuallylearntolikethe