上海市復(fù)旦附中2019-2020學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語試題

復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2019學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高一年級英語期末考試試卷考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分I.ListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Shedidn’tlikethefoodthemanprepared.B.Shedoespreferspicyfood.C.Shethinksthemanspenttoomuchtimecooking.D.Sheisannoyedwiththeman.2.A.Hehadn’tnoticedanychangeinDavid.B.Davidlooksverydifferentwithoutabeard.C.Davidlooksnicerwithoutabeard.D.Hehasn’tseenDavidforalongtime.3.A.ThepapershouldbepletedbynextFriday.B.OnlythefirstpartofthetermpaperisduenextFriday.C.Somestudentsdidn’tfinishtheirtermpaperontime.D.Somestudentshaven’tstartedtheirpaperyet.4.A.Lucydidn’tattendtheparty.B.Itwascancelledatthelastminute.C.Lucy’sfriendsdidmuchofthework.D.Themanwasn’tinvited.5.A.Buyaticketfortheman.B.Watchalivegame.C.Gototheman’shome.D.Sellthemanherticket.6.A.She’drathertakeadirecttrain.B.Shedoesn’tcarehowlongthetriptakes.C.Itdoesn’ttakelongtogettoNewYork.D.Takingaplanemightbemorepractical.7.A.Losesomeweight.B.Shopfornewclothes.C.Havehisjeansaltered.D.Wearclothesthatfitmoretightly.8.A.Souvenirs.B.Books.C.Ashaver.D.Cosmetics.9.A.Somethingunusualhappenedinthelaboratory.B.Thelaboratoryshouldneverbelocked.C.ThelaboratoryisgenerallyunlockedonFridayafternoon.D.Themanlostthekeytothelaboratory.10.A.Sorry.B.AnnoyedC.Disappointed.D.Surprised.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowinglecture.11.A.Teachingstaff.B.Environmentalists.C.Schoolcleaners.D.Collegestudents.12.A.Itkeepstrackofhowcleanorpollutedtheairisonanhourtohourbasis.B.TheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencymadetheCleanAirAct.C.PeopleinAtlanta,D.SensitivegroupsofpeoplemaynotfeelsickuntiltheAQIreaches150.13.A.CheckingtheAQIbeforegoingoutside.B.Limitingoutdooractivitieseveryday.C.Stayinghomeonhighleveldays.D.Noexercisingonhighleveldays.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingtalk.14.A.Smarthometechnology.B.Advancedputers.C.GoogleHome.D.Defenceindustry.15.A.Technologycanhelphomeownerslookinonpetswhentheyareaway.B.Smarthomedevicescanforeseebigstormsbeforetheyhappen.C.There’spossibilitythatyoutalkwithsomeoneatyourdoorwhileyouareaway.D.Smarthomedevicescanbecontrolledfrombothinsideandoutsideyourhome.16.A.Theinformationtheystoreintheputer.B.Leaksandfloodingcausedbystorms.C.Thesecurityofthesmarthomedevices.D.Thesafetyoftheirpetdogsathome.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Forestfires.B.Thehistoryofacoastalcity.C.Coastalredwoodtrees.D.ThecityofSanFrancisco.18.A.InCalifornia.B.InthenorthofSanFrancisco.C.InMuriWoods19.A.350years.B.400years.C.800years.D.2000years.20.A.Thecoastalredwoodsarethetallestlivingthings.B.Thecoastalredwoodspreferfoggyclimate.C.Thecoastalredwoodsareresistanttoforestfires.D.Thecostalredwoodsaretheoldestlivingthingsintheworld.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,choosetheoneanswerthatbestpletesthesentence.1.Fearshauntedhimthosedays______he______downbythescandal.A.that;dragged B.that;wouldbedraggedC.which;hadbeendragged D.when;woulddrag【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查同位語從句和時態(tài)。句意：那些日子里他一直擔(dān)心這件丑聞會把他拖下水。第一空為同位語從句，解釋fears的具體內(nèi)容，從句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故應(yīng)用that；第二空中，he與drag構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且指從過去的某個時間來看，將要發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用過去將來時。故選B。2.Nosooner______upthecatwalkthanthespotlightshonedownonher.A.didthemodelstart B.themodelhadstartedC.hadthemodelstarted D.themodelstarted【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)和倒裝句。句意：模特剛走上T臺，聚光燈就照在她身上。nosooner...than...引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，前面的主句通常用過去完成時，后面的從句通常用一般過去時，當(dāng)nosooner放于句首時，前面的主句應(yīng)采用部分倒裝，助動詞had在主語themodel之前。故選C項(xiàng)。3.MadameCuriespentherwholelife______to______thescientificworld.A.devoted;exploring B.devotedherself;exploreC.devotingherself;explore D.beingdevoted;exploring【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞及動詞短語辨析。句意：居里夫人把她的一生都獻(xiàn)給了科學(xué)界。由于文章中已有謂語動詞“spent”，再結(jié)合句意分析可知此處herwholelife和動詞devote構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，同時根據(jù)固定短語“spendsometimedoingsth(花費(fèi)時間做某事）,”和“bedevotedtodoingsth.（致力于做某事）”可得出答案。故選D項(xiàng)。4.Thedesignofthemultifunctionaltablelamp______whenIKEAmanagedtopopularizeitintheAsianmarket.A.wasprovedsuccessful B.wasprovedtobesuccessfulC.provedbeingasuccess D.provedasuccess【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞和名詞。句意：當(dāng)宜家成功將其在亞洲市場推廣時，這款多功能的臺燈設(shè)計證明是一個成功。動詞prove作“證明是”可看作連系動詞，其后可直接接名詞作表語；asuccess“一件成功的事情”，此處將抽象名詞具體化，指“這款多功能的臺燈設(shè)計是一件成功的事”。故選D。5.Thecrime______lookedintocarefullybeforehe______chargedwithmurder.A./;/ B./;was C.was;/ D.was;was【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查主謂一致和動詞時態(tài)。句意：在他被指控謀殺之前，這起罪行被仔細(xì)調(diào)查。分析句子可知，主語Thecrime與謂語動詞lookedinto是被動關(guān)系，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故第一空填was；第二空主語he與謂語動詞charge是被動關(guān)系，由charged以及主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)推斷填was。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】6.Nomatterhowfrequently______,hedidn’t______anddeterminedtoloseweight.A.frustrated;loseheart B.frustrated;losehisheartC.beingfrustrated;losehope D.havingbeenfrustrated;losehishope【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查省略和固定短語。句意：不管有多沮喪，他都沒有灰心，決心減肥。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處nomatterhow引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,其后接形容詞frustrated“沮喪的”，因?yàn)閺木渲髡Z和主句主語一致，且含有be動詞，所以此處從句省略主語he和was；loseheart灰心，固定短語，助動詞didn’t后需接動詞原形。故選A。7.Theyquarreledoverthequestion______introducedwhiteagriculturetotheDevelopmentZone.A.astowhom B.who C.thatwho D.which【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查同位語從句。句意：他們就誰將白色農(nóng)業(yè)引入開發(fā)區(qū)的問題進(jìn)行了爭執(zhí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)合句意可知，空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句，從句內(nèi)容用于解釋說明前面的名詞thequestion，同時從句缺少主語，由句意可知是“誰”將白色農(nóng)業(yè)引入開發(fā)區(qū)，所以應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)該從句，故選B項(xiàng)。

8.Thenew______systemwasdesignedtopreventthepreviouserrorsfrom______.A.lifesaved;repeating B.lifesaving;repeatingC.lifesaved;beingrepeated D.lifesaving;beingrepeated【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞和動名詞。句意：新的救生系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計是為了防止以前的錯誤再次發(fā)生。第一空處需用形容詞作定語修飾名詞system，表示挽救生命的，需用lifesaving；prevent…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事，固定搭配，此處表示被重復(fù)，所以第二空處需用動名詞的被動語態(tài)：beingdone。故選D。9.Thehealthylifestylehehadlonggotusedto______duetoalackofcertainnutrientsinhisdiet.A.wasruined B.beingruined C.ruined D.beruined【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：由于飲食中缺乏某些營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，他長期習(xí)慣的健康生活方式被毀了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“hehadlonggotusedto”為定語從句修飾Thehealthylifestyle。主句為“Thehealthylifestyle______duetoalackofcertainnutrientsinhisdiet.”句子中缺少謂語動詞。Thehealthylifestyle與ruin之間為被動關(guān)系。句子描述的是過去的事情，所以需要使用一般過去時，主語為單數(shù)，故謂語動詞應(yīng)該為wasruined。故選A。10.Hergrandma,______helpshecouldn’thaveachievedsomuch,haspassedaway.A.whose B.ofwhose C.withwhom D.withoutwhose【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：她的祖母，去世了。沒有她，她不可能取得這么大的成就。分析句子可知，“_____helpshecouldn’thaveachievedsomuch”是定語從句，先行詞是Hergrandma，還原定語從句是：Withouthergrandma'shelpshecouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.先行詞在從句中作定語修飾help，用關(guān)系代詞whose，且help作without的賓語，故用withoutwhose，故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】

11.Thesekidspretended______whenhewastellingthemthesamejoke______hedidlasttime.A.laughing;which B.tohavelaughed;asC.laughing;/ D.tobelaughing;that【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和定語從句。句意：當(dāng)他講和上次一樣笑話時，這些孩子假裝在笑。pretendtodosth.假裝做某事，固定搭配，所以排除選項(xiàng)A，根據(jù)“hewastellingthemthesamejoke”可知，第一空處需用動詞不定式的進(jìn)行時態(tài)：tobedoing作賓語，表示假裝正在做某事，第二空處需用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是joke，且被thesame修飾，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語，所以第二空處需用關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選D。12.Pleasehandouttherulesofthegameto______participatesinthequizshowtonight.A.anyone B.whoever C.whomever D.thosewho【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：請把游戲規(guī)則發(fā)給今晚參加智力競賽節(jié)目的人?？仗帪橘e語從句，從句中缺少主語，此處表示“今晚參加智力競賽節(jié)目的人”應(yīng)用whoever引導(dǎo)。故選B。13.______I’mthousandsofmilesawayfrommymotherland,homeisalways______myheartis.A.While;where B.Despite;theplacewhereC.Though;atwhich D.Although;theplacewhich【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句和表語從句。句意：雖然我遠(yuǎn)離我的祖國，但家永遠(yuǎn)是我心之所在。第一空，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然”，后跟句子，故排除B選項(xiàng)；第二空，空處為表語從句，從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)；理解為定語從句時，先行詞為theplace，先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)。故選A。14.Thestudentissoexhausted______hefainted.Itisthelaststraw______breakshisback.A.as;/ B.as;that C.that;/ D.that;that【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查狀語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：那個學(xué)生累得暈倒了，已經(jīng)使他終于無法忍受了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，由第一空前“soexhausted”可知，空處需要that,so…that…如此……以至于，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句；去掉第二空處的Itis和空格內(nèi)容可知，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以第二句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其構(gòu)成為：Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who(強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人)…,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為主語，所以第二空處需用that。故選D。15.DINKisafamilypattern,______manyyoungcouplesaretryingtofollownowadays.A.that B.onethat C.bywhich D.theonewhy【答案】B【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查代詞和定語從句。句意：丁克是一個家庭模式，現(xiàn)在許多年輕夫婦正在努力效仿的一種模式。分析句子可知，“manyyoungcouplesaretryingtofollownowadays.”是限制性定語從句，泛指上文提到的名詞“pattern”，用one，作定語從句的先行詞。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。bywhich引導(dǎo)定語從句，不符合題意；why引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句中作原因狀語，不符合題意，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】16.Thisyear’scharityballwasthemostsuccessfulever,as______bythenumberoftickets______.A.beingwitnessed;sold B.waswitnessed;havingbeensoldC.witnessed;sold D.beingwitnessed;havingbeensold【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句與非謂語動詞。句意：今年的慈善舞會是最為成功的一次，這可以從售出的門票數(shù)量上看出來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“as______bythenumberoftickets______.”為定語從句，修飾前面整個句子。As為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時，如果先行詞是整個句子，謂語動詞為及物動詞的被動語態(tài)是，從句的助動詞可以省略，aswitnessed相當(dāng)于whichwaswitnessed，因此第一空為witnessed。第二空為非謂語動詞作定語，ticket與sell之間為被動關(guān)系；故用過去分詞形式。故選C。17.Iftheeconomyisdoingwell,thepricesofstockswilltendtorisein______isreferredtoasa“bullmarket”.A.all B.that C.which D.what【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：如果經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況良好，股票價格就會在所謂的“牛市”中上漲。分析句子可知，前面有介詞，該空為賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，表示“什么”，用what引導(dǎo)該從句。故選D項(xiàng)。18.Thebossinterviewedtwoapplicants,neitherof______hethoughtwassuitablebecausehedidn’tliketheway______theyspoke.A.whom;which B.who;that C.whom;inwhich D.who;where【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：老板面試了兩個申請人，他認(rèn)為這兩個人都不合適，因?yàn)樗幌矚g他們說話的方式。分析句子可知。這兩個空都為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的定語從句；前空在從句中做of的賓語，指代twoapplicants，應(yīng)用whom；theway為先行詞時，關(guān)系代詞為inwhich/that/不填。故選C項(xiàng)。19.______withothercontestantssittingonthestage,Angelaappearedcalmandconfidentinthequizshow.A.pared B.paringC.Topare D.Havingpared【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)其他坐在舞臺上的參賽者比較，安吉拉在智力競賽節(jié)目中顯得平靜和自信。paredwith“與……相比較”是固定短語，在句中作狀語。故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】20.Myhometownisagood______ofoldandmodern.Youcanfindbothplacesof______importanceandtonsofskyscrapershere.A.approach;historical B.mix;historicalC.trend;historic D.contrast;historic【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的家鄉(xiāng)是古老與現(xiàn)代的完美結(jié)合。你可以在這里找到歷史上重要的地方和成堆的摩天大樓。approach方法，方式，mix混合，trend趨向，contrast對比，historical表示與歷史相關(guān)的，historic有歷史意義的；根據(jù)第一空后“oldandmodern”可知，此處需用mix表示古老和現(xiàn)代的結(jié)合，第二空處表示和歷史相關(guān)的地方，需用形容詞historical。故選B。21.______theinfluenceofalcohol,hecouldn’t______hissonwaslyingtohim.A.With;risk B.With;distinguish C.Under;tell D.Under;ensure【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查固定短語和動詞詞義辨析。句意：在酒精的影響下，他不能看出兒子在對他撒謊。Undertheinfluenceof…在……的影響下，固定短語，所以第一空處需用介詞under；risk冒險，distinguish區(qū)分，辨別，tell辨別，ensure確保，根據(jù)空前“在酒精的影響下”可知，第二空處需用動詞distinguish/tell，表示看出之意。故選C。22.Theplanninganddecorationofthepalace______thevisitorswithitsarchitecturalformsandgorgeousfurniture.A.won B.gasped C.involved D.amazed【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：宮殿的規(guī)劃和裝修以及其建筑形式和華麗的家具讓游客驚嘆不已。A.won贏；B.gasped喘氣，渴望；C.involved涉及，卷入；D.amazed使......吃驚。根據(jù)下文的“withitsarchitecturalformsandgorgeousfurniture.”可知，此處是指宮殿的建筑形式和華麗的家具讓游客驚震驚，amaze“使.....吃驚”符合語境。故選D。23.Heisamanofgreatintegrityand______judgementwhocanalwaystellrightfromwrongatthecriticalmoment.A.delicate B.influential C.sound D.innovative【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一個非常正直、善于判斷的人，在關(guān)鍵時刻總是能明辨是非。A.delicate脆弱的；B.influential有影響的；C.sound明智的，合理的；D.innovative創(chuàng)新的。根據(jù)下文“canalwaystellrightfromwrongatthecriticalmoment.”總是能在關(guān)鍵時刻明辨是非，可推斷，他是一個能做出明智的判斷的人。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】24.Theopinionsonthenewlyreleasedfilm______frompersontoperson,whichmeansthefilmhas______reviewsfromtheaudience.A.vary;mixed B.vary;moderateC.arevaried;varied D.arevaried;various【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞和形容詞辨析。句意：對于這部剛上映的電影，人們的看法各不相同，這意味著觀眾對這部電影的評價褒貶不一。第一空，表示“變化”短語為vary…from…to…“從……到……不同或者變化”，使用主動語態(tài)；第二空，mixed混合的，褒貶不一的；moderate溫和的；varied多變的；various各種各樣的，結(jié)合語境，觀眾對電影的評價應(yīng)當(dāng)是“褒貶相混合”，應(yīng)用mixed。故選A。25.Outof______considerations,themost______waytogetairlineticketsistobookthemhalfayearbeforethedeparturetime.A.economic;economic B.economic;economicalC.economical;economical D.economical;economic【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從經(jīng)濟(jì)上考慮，最經(jīng)濟(jì)的買機(jī)票的辦法是在起飛前半年預(yù)訂。economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的，用以指與貿(mào)易、工業(yè)或財富等有關(guān)的“經(jīng)濟(jì)上的”或“有關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方面”的意義；economical經(jīng)濟(jì)的，節(jié)約的，合算的，則指與“節(jié)約”同義的“經(jīng)濟(jì)”，相當(dāng)于notwasteful。故第一空，指“從經(jīng)濟(jì)上考慮”應(yīng)用economic；第二空，指買機(jī)票最合算節(jié)約的辦法，應(yīng)用economical。故選B。26.Thefathercouldbarely______hisangerwhenhearingthenewsthathissonwas______fromtheschoolduetomisbehavior.A.contain;accounted B.contain;suspendedC.maintain;advised D.maintain;driven【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)父親聽到兒子因行為不端而被停學(xué)的消息時，他幾乎無法抑制自己的憤怒。contain控制，maintain保持，堅持，accounted解釋，suspended暫停；

advised建議，driven迫使，根據(jù)空后“因?yàn)閮鹤颖煌W(xué)可知，”第一空處需用動詞contain，表示父親無法控制自己的憤怒，由空后“兒子行為不端”可知，第二空處需用suspended，表示兒子停學(xué)。故選B。27.______thatbreastmilkisbetterforherbaby,themotherrefusedtobuy______milkremendedbytheexpert.A.Convinced;powdered B.Convinced;concentratedC.Convincing;powdered D.Convincing;concentrated【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查形容詞和非謂語動詞。句意：相信母乳對她的孩子更好，母親拒絕購買專家推薦的奶粉。分析句子可知，主句的謂語動詞是refused，故convince用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，convince與邏輯主語themother是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞；第二空作定語修飾milk，powdered是形容詞，表示“制成粉狀的”，poweredmilk奶粉。concentrate“使集中”，根據(jù)句意，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】28.Itisthe______inthecountrysidethatfarmerssow,______,andharvest.A.agriculture;post B.involvement;laborC.regulation;chop D.practice;irrigate【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查名詞和動詞辨析。句意：農(nóng)民播種、灌溉和收割是農(nóng)村的慣例。A.agriculture農(nóng)業(yè);post堆肥；B.involvement參與;labor勞動；C.regulation管理;chop剁碎；D.practice慣例;irrigate灌溉。此處句式為it作形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句為主語從句。根據(jù)動詞sow和harvest可知，此處為連續(xù)動作，所以that從句中缺少的動詞為“灌溉”（irrigate），在農(nóng)村農(nóng)民播種、灌溉和收割是慣例（practice）。故選D。29.Toensuretheproperfunctioningofthepany,theemployeesareaskedto______everypennytheyspendonbusinesstrips.A.accountfor B.contributeto C.counton D.makeup【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：為了確保公司的正常運(yùn)作，員工被要求解釋他們在出差中花費(fèi)的每一分錢。A.accountfor解釋；對…作出說明；B.contributeto有助于；導(dǎo)致；C.counton依靠；指望；D.makeup組成。根據(jù)“Toensuretheproperfunctioningofthepany”可推斷，公司正常運(yùn)作，員工對出差時花費(fèi)的錢要做出說明解釋。故選A。點(diǎn)睛】30.Smellisaverybasicsensebuthumanshavelostmuchofthe______touseitproperly.A.appetite B.benefit C.facility D.moderation【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：嗅覺是一種非?；镜母杏X，但人類已經(jīng)失去了大部分正確使用它的能力。A.appetite食欲；B.benefit好處；C.facility才能，天賦；D.moderation適度。根據(jù)“Smellisaverybasicsensebut”可知，這里是說人類已經(jīng)失去了大部分正確使用它的能力。故選C項(xiàng)。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankswithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.caughtB.contextsC.flashedD.floodE.migratedF.misspelledG.labelH.spotI.termJ.trickK.understoodTouchingthethumbandindexfingertomakeacircle,withtheremainingthreefingersheldoutstretched,isagesturethatpeoplearoundtheworldhavemadeforcenturies,mostlyinpositive___31___.Butinrecentyears,ithasbeenconvertedforamoreviciouspurpose–tosignify“whitepower”.Hereishowthehandgesturebecameadisturbingone.Thewidely___32___modernuseofthegestureforapprovalseemstohavearisenalongwiththe___33___“O.K.”inthe19thcenturywhenCharlesGordonGreenewrotejokinglyinTheBostonMorningPostaboutitbeinganintentionally___34___abbreviationfor“allcorrect”.Theexpression___35___on,andthehandgesture,withthefingersformingsomethingvaguelylikeanOandaK,becamecloselylinkedwithit.Itbecameconnectedto“whitepower”inearly2017asahoax（騙局）.Someusersof4chan,ananonymousandunrestrictedonlinemessageboard,beganwhattheycalled“OperationOKKK”toseeiftheycould___36___thewiderworld–andespeciallyliberalsandthemainstreammedia–intobelievingthatthegesturewasactuallyasecretsymbolofwhitepower.“Wemust___37___twitterandothersocialmediawebsiteswithspam,claimingthattheOKhandsignalisasymbolofwhitesupremacy,”oneoftheusersposted,goingontosuggestthateveryoneinvolvedcreatefakesocialmediaaccountstospreadthenotionaswidelyaspossible.The4chanhoaxsucceededalltoowellandceasedbeingahoax:NeoNazis,KuKluxKlansmenandotherwhitenationalistsbeganusingthegestureinpublictosignaltheirpresenceandto___38___potentialsympathizersandrecruits.Forthem,thelettersformedbythehandwerenotOandK,butWandP,for“whitepower”.Anumberofhighprofilefiguresonthefarrighthavehelpedspreadthegesture’sracistimplicationbyproducingitconspicuouslyinpublic.Thegesturehas___39___beyondironictrollingculturetobeea“sincereexpressionofwhitesupremacy”,whichcouldbeseeninMarch2019whenBrentonTarrant,thewhitesupremacistaccusedofkilling50peopleinbacktobackmassshootingsattwomosquesinChristchurch,NewZealand,smiledand____40____thesigntoreportersatacourthearingonhiscase.【答案】31.B32.K33.I34.F35.A36.J37.D38.H39.E40.C【解析】本文一篇說明文。食指與拇指比個圈，另外三根指頭翹起來，這是全世界都通行的“OK”手勢。但近兩年，在美國比出這個手勢，卻可能惹出麻煩，會被視為支持“白人至上主義”的種族歧視分子?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：拇指和食指觸碰成一個圈，其余三根手指向外伸出，這是世界各地的人們幾個世紀(jì)以來都在做的一個手勢，大多是在積極的情況下。形容詞positive后接名詞形式。結(jié)合句意，表示“環(huán)境、背景”，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)代人們廣泛使用這個表示同意的手勢，似乎是在19世紀(jì)和“O.K”一起出現(xiàn)的。名詞use與understand之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。結(jié)合句意，故選K。【33題詳解】考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)代人們廣泛使用這個表示同意的手勢，似乎是在19世紀(jì)和“O.K”一起出現(xiàn)的。定冠詞the后接名詞形式。結(jié)合句意，表示“術(shù)語、詞語”，故選I?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)時CharlesGordonGreene在《波士頓晨報》上開玩笑地寫道，它是“allcorrect”的故意拼錯的縮寫。名詞abbreviation與misspell之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作定語。結(jié)合句意，故選F?！?5題詳解】考查短語和時態(tài)。句意：這個表情很受歡迎，手勢，手指形成類似O和K的形狀，與它緊密相連。catchon變得流行。根據(jù)文章時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。結(jié)合句意，故選A。【36題詳解】考查短語。句意：4chan是一個匿名且不受限制的在線留言板，一些用戶開始了他們所謂的“OKKK行動”，看看他們能否欺騙更廣泛的世界——尤其是自由主義者和主流媒體——讓他們相信這個手勢實(shí)際上是白人權(quán)力的秘密象征。tricksb.intodoingsth.欺騙某人做某事。情態(tài)動詞could后接動詞原形，結(jié)合句意，故選J?！?7題詳解】考查動詞。句意：我們必須用垃圾郵件淹沒twitter和其他社交媒體網(wǎng)站，聲稱‘OK’手勢是白人至上主義的象征，”一名用戶發(fā)帖稱。他接著建議所有相關(guān)人員創(chuàng)建虛假的社交媒體賬戶，盡可能廣泛地傳播這一概念。情態(tài)動詞must后接動詞原形。結(jié)合句意，表示“淹沒”，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動詞。句意：4chan騙局成功了，不再是騙局:新納粹分子、三k黨和其他白人民族主義者開始在公共場合用這個手勢來表示他們的存在，并發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在的同情者和新成員。動詞不定式to（usesthtodo）后接動詞原形。結(jié)合句意，表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，故選H。【39題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：姿態(tài)已經(jīng)超越諷刺惡意破壞文化遷移到成為一個“白人至上真誠的表達(dá)”.這可以在2019年3月看到，當(dāng)時被指控在新西蘭克賴斯特徹奇兩個清真寺連續(xù)發(fā)生的大規(guī)模槍擊案中殺害50人的白人至上主義者布倫頓·塔蘭特微笑著，并在法庭上向記者展示了這一標(biāo)志聽他的案子。has后接動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。結(jié)合句意，表示“移往、遷移”，故選E?！?0題詳解】考查動詞。句意同上。此處與smiled并列作謂語，根據(jù)句中時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。結(jié)合句意，表示“快速出示、發(fā)出（信息）”，故選C。III.ReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.WhentheChinesegovernmentfirstsentstudentstoAmericainthelate19thcentury,itcouldnotdecidewhethertheirgoalshouldbetoacquirespecifictechnicalknowledgeorto___41___newwaysofthinking.Morethanacenturylater,athirdofamillionChinesestudentsareenrolledatAmericanschoolsanduniversities.Yetfolksbackhomeremain___42___aboutwhatanAmericandegreemeans.AttendinganAmericanuniversityisagoodcareermove.Itisalso___43___asasoftoptionforwelloffkids,scaredofthegaokao,China’sbrutaluniversityentranceexams.YetmanybrightChineseyoungstersexplaintheappealofanAmericaneducationinaremarkably___44___fashion.OneplacetohearsuchdreamsisanEnglishlanguagedebatingtournamentinthecentralcityofWuhan.Itfollowsa(n)___45___popularathighschoolsacrossAmerica,knownas“PublicForumDebate”.Atfirstsight,theeventbearsthestampof___46___.ItusestheclassroomsatabilingualprivateboardingschoolinWuhanwithitsowngolfcourseandanicehockeyteamcoachedbyimportedRussians.Butthedebateisnotforbigcity___47___.ItisrunbytheNationalHighSchoolDebateLeagueofChina,which___48___contestsindozensofChinesecitieseachyear.Thisonehas___49___pupils,aged1318,fromninecities.Manywillneverstudyoverseas.Thepropositionis:“Countriesshouldgive____50____toclimatechangeadaptationoveralleviation.”Anearlyroundiswonbyapairof17yearoldgirlswhoattendtheinternationalsectionofastaterunhighschoolinShenyang.Inconfident,rapidfireEnglishtheduoarguethatclimatechangeshouldbetreatedwithrealism.Thepairalsohadspeechesarguingtheoppositeready,incasethecointosshadgone____51____.UnlikeAmerica,wheredebatingclubsare____52____byshouty,selfassuredboys,mostcontestantsintheChineseleaguearegirls.Ofits20highestrankeddebaters,16arefemale.Inasocietythatisstill____53____centered,thechancetoargueforcefullyandbeapplaudedforithasarareappeal,suggestsLiamMather,theleague’sexecutivedirector.ThewinnersinWuhanareJoyceYiandEricaChen,fromastateschoolinthesouthernboomtownofShenzhen.Theirswaggeringfirstroundperformanceleavestwo____54____boysopenmouthedlikefish.MsCheninitially____55____debatinginEnglishbecause“I’mkindofanargumentativeperson.”Thensherealizedthesubtleeffectsofhavingtoresearchbothsidesofanargument.Chineseeducationemphasizesonecorrectanswertoaquestion,shesays.41.A.absorb B.apply C.practice D.spread42.A.assured B.disturbed C.divided D.suspended43.A.blamed B.punished C.scorned D.warned44.A.idealistic B.practical C.realistic D.variable45.A.access B.format C.path D.recipe46.A.challenge B.democracy C.economy D.privilege47.A.amateurs B.elites C.inhabitants D.migrants48.A.enters B.exposes C.issues D.stages49.A.converted B.convinced C.drawn D.withdrawn50.A.emergency B.guarantee C.priority D.sympathy51.A.intheway B.itsownway C.theotherway D.underway52.A.advocated B.dominated C.monitored D.presented53.A.exam B.male C.money D.power54.A.illiterate B.illprepared C.unexpected D.unpredictable55.A.dreaded B.fancied C.ignored D.tolerated【答案】41.A42.C43.C44.A45.B46.D47.B48.D49.C50.C51.C52.B53.B54.B55.B【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。文章以國內(nèi)人們對美國學(xué)位意見分歧為切入點(diǎn)，介紹了一次在武漢舉行的英語辯論賽。該辯論賽采用美國受歡迎的“公共論壇辯論”模式，參賽者年齡段在13—18歲。選手們，尤其是女選手的精彩表現(xiàn)讓人們大為贊嘆?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)19世紀(jì)末期第一次把學(xué)生送往美國時，中國政府不能決定他們的目標(biāo)是獲得具體的科技知識，還是吸收新的思維方式。A.absorb吸收；B.apply申請，應(yīng)用；C.practice練習(xí)；D.spread散播。whether…or…“是……還是……”連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上文的“toacquirespecifictechnicalknowledge”可知，此處所選詞和acquire應(yīng)為近義詞。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對于美國學(xué)位意味著什么，國內(nèi)的民眾依然存在分歧。A.assured確定的；B.disturbed被打擾的；C.divided有分歧的；D.suspended推遲的。根據(jù)上文“Morethanacenturylater,athirdofamillionChinesestudentsareenrolledatAmericanschoolsanduniversities.”可知，現(xiàn)在有很多學(xué)生到美國讀書，結(jié)合yet表示前后轉(zhuǎn)折推知，國內(nèi)的人對在美國取得學(xué)位有不同的看法，即分歧。故選C。【43題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人們也對這種行為感到不恥，因?yàn)樗呛ε赂呖肌袊鴼埧岬拇髮W(xué)入學(xué)考試——的富家子弟的軟選擇。A.blamed責(zé)備；B.punished懲罰；C.scorned蔑視；D.warned警告。根據(jù)下文的“asoftoptionforwelloffkids”可知，因?yàn)樗歉辉＜彝ズ⒆犹颖芨呖嫉囊环N方式，所以有人鄙視去美國念書。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，很多聰明的中國年輕人用一種非常理想化的方式來解釋美國教育的吸引力。A.idealistic理想主義的，理想化的；B.practical實(shí)際的；C.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的；D.variable多變的。根據(jù)空后的“OneplacetohearsuchdreamsisanEnglishlanguagedebatingtournamentinthecentralcityofWuhan.”可知，在中部城市武漢舉行的英語辯論賽就是一個可以聽到這種夢想的地方。因此他們的辯論是理想化的。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它遵循了美國高中很受歡迎的一種形式——公共論壇辯論。A.access接觸，使用；B.format形式；C.path路徑；D.recipe食譜。結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，此處是指武漢的一個英語辯論賽的形式，是以美國高校的“公共論壇辯論”為基礎(chǔ)來設(shè)計的。故選B。【46題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：乍一看，該事件帶帶有特權(quán)的印記。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B.democracy民主；C.economy經(jīng)濟(jì)；D.privilege特權(quán)。根據(jù)下文的“ItusestheclassroomsatabilingualprivateboardingschoolinWuhanwithitsowngolfcourseandanicehockeyteamcoachedbyimportedRussians.”可知，該辯論賽使用的場地非常高級，因此乍一看好像帶著特權(quán)。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但該辯論不是針對大城市的精英。A.amateurs業(yè)余愛好者；B.elites精英；C.inhabitants居民；D.migrants移民。根據(jù)下文的“ItisrunbytheNationalHighSchoolDebateLeagueofChina”可知，該辯論賽是為高中生設(shè)計的，而不是大城市的精英們。故選B。【48題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它是由中國高中辯論聯(lián)盟主辦的，該聯(lián)盟每年在中國幾十個城市舉辦比賽。A.enters進(jìn)入；B.exposes暴露；C.issues簽；D.stages舉行、籌劃。結(jié)合常識和下文的“contestsindozensofChinesecitieseachyear”可知，此處是指該聯(lián)盟每年在中國的幾十個城市舉辦辯論賽。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這一次的辯論吸引了來自九個城市的13—18歲的學(xué)生。A.converted使轉(zhuǎn)變；B.convinced使相信；C.drawn吸引；D.withdrawn撤退。根據(jù)下文的“pupils,aged1318,fromninecities.”可知，此處是指這次辯論賽吸引了來自九個城市的參賽選手。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：議題是：各國應(yīng)把適應(yīng)氣候變化置于減緩氣候變化之上。A.emergency緊急情況；B.guarantee保證；C.priority優(yōu)先；D.sympathy同情。根據(jù)語境可知，辯論賽的議題是指我們要首先考慮如何適應(yīng)氣候變化，而不是緩解。givepriorityto，優(yōu)先考慮、放在首要位置，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：兩人還準(zhǔn)備好了辯論相反觀點(diǎn)的演講，以防擲硬幣的結(jié)果是相反的。A.intheway阻礙；B.itsownway自己的方式；C.theotherway相反；D.underway在進(jìn)行。根據(jù)上文的“thepairalsohadspeechesarguingtheoppositeready”可知，準(zhǔn)備相反觀點(diǎn)的演講，是為了避免擲硬幣時結(jié)果相反，即會被要求辯論反方觀點(diǎn)。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不像美國，辯論俱樂部通常由能言善辯、自信的男孩主導(dǎo)，在中國，大多數(shù)參賽選手都是女孩。A.advocated倡導(dǎo)；B.dominated占主導(dǎo)地位；C.monitored監(jiān)管；D.presented提出。根據(jù)下文的“mostcontestantsintheChineseleaguearegirls.”可知，和中國不一樣的是，美國的辯論俱樂部通常是男孩較多、占主導(dǎo)地位。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聯(lián)盟執(zhí)行董事LiamMather說，在一個仍然以男性為中心的社會，有機(jī)會進(jìn)行強(qiáng)有力的辯論并因此受到稱贊，這是一種罕見的吸引力。A.exam考試；B.male男性；C.money金錢；D.power權(quán)利。結(jié)合常識和上文的“Ofits20highestrankeddebaters,16arefemale.”可知，此處是指在一個仍然以男性為中心的社會，前20名最佳辯手里有16個都是女性，這是非常罕見且引人注目的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們精彩的表現(xiàn)讓兩個準(zhǔn)備不足的男孩目瞪口呆。A.illiterate不識字的；B.illprepared準(zhǔn)備不足的；C.unexpected意料之外的；D.unpredictable不能預(yù)測的。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指冠軍的表現(xiàn)讓兩個男孩目瞪口呆，這充分說明這兩人準(zhǔn)備不足。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：MsChen最初喜歡英語辯論的原因是“我是一個愛爭論的人?！盇.dreaded害怕；B.fancied喜愛；C.ignored忽視；D.tolerated容忍。根據(jù)下文的“I’mkindofanargumentativeperson”可知，MsChen喜歡辯論。故選B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AAnAmericanexplorationpany,theNauticosCorporation,hasfoundthewreckofanancientGreekshipinaverydeepareaoftheMediterraneanSea.Itmaybethedeepestancientshipwreckeverfound.Thediscoveryquestionsalongheldideathatancientsailorsdidn’thaveskillsneededtoguideshipsinopenseas.Theancientshiplaymorethan3,000me