浙江省杭州市西湖區(qū)學(xué)軍中學(xué)(紫金港校區(qū))2020-2021學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語試題

2020-2021學(xué)年浙江省杭州市西湖區(qū)學(xué)軍中學(xué)〔紫金港校區(qū)〕高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷第二局部閱讀理解〔共兩節(jié)，總分值35分〕第一節(jié)〔共10小題；每題2.5分，總分值25分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A,B,C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最正確選項(xiàng)。AAnewcoffeeshopinShanghaihasgottenalotofattentiononlineforitscreativeapproachtoservingcustomers.HinichijouopenedonDec.3andhasaratherminimalist(簡約主義者的)design.Withnotablesorchairs—orevenadoor—itisjustagreywallwithanunevenhole.AftercustomersplacetheirorderbyscanningaQRcodeonthewall,theircoffeeisservedthroughthehole—byafurybearclaw(爪).Havingbaristas(咖啡師)wearthebearpawprop(道具)hasdefinitelydrawncustomers,withmanyflockingtothebusinesstogetvideosofthisnovelapproachtocustomerservice.Andifthey’relucky,theymayevengetapatontheheadorhandedarose.“Havingyourcoffeehandedtoyoubyafluffy(毛茸茸的)pawisaratherheart-warmingexperience,”saidonesatisfiedcustomer.Whiletheconceptisindeedendearing(惹人喜愛的),itisn’ttheonlyfactorkeepingbusinessflowing.Thebaristasbehindthebearclawareactuallybearingimpaired.WangHaiqing,oneofthecafé’sthreefounders,saidthattheywerehiredthroughtheChinaDisabledPersons’Federation.AccordingtoWang,oneofthereasonsHinichijouwasfoundedwastoprovidemoreemploymentopportunitiestodisabledpeople.Thestorybehindtheshop“hasmeltedtheheartsofcustomersandChineseinternetusers,”CGTNnoted.Wanghopesthatcustomersfeeltheloveandwarmthfromtheemployees,whilealsosupportingtherightsofthosewithdisabilities.1.WhatmakeHinichijouaspecialcoffeeshop?A.Ithasgottenalotofattentiononline.B.Ithasaminimalistdesign.C.Ithasacreativeapproachtoservecustomers.D.IthasaQRcodeonthewallforcustomerstoscan.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthebaristas?A.TheyarethefoundersoftheChinaDisabledPersons’Federation.B.Theyareallwithhearingdisability.C.Theywearthebearpawpropinordertodrawcustomers.D.Theyofferapatandhandarosetoeverycustomer.3.WhichisNOTthereasonHinichijouwasfounded?A.Toprovidemorejobstodisabledpeople.B.Tosupporttherightsofanimals.C.Tocreateheart-warmingexperienceforcustomers.D.Tosupporttherightsofdisabledpeople.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了上海一家新開的咖啡店因其創(chuàng)新的效勞方式在網(wǎng)上受到了廣泛關(guān)注。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnewcoffeeshopinShanghaihasgottenalotofattentiononlineforitscreativeapproachtoservingcustomers.”〔上海一家新開的咖啡店因其創(chuàng)新的效勞方式在網(wǎng)上受到了廣泛關(guān)注。〕和文章第二段“AftercustomersplacetheirorderbyscanningaQRcodeonthewall,theircoffeeisservedthroughthehole—byafurybearclaw(爪).”〔顧客掃描墻上的二維碼下單后，咖啡就會通過這個小洞端上——這只“怒熊爪”咖啡機(jī)。〕可知，以創(chuàng)新的方式效勞顧客，使Hinichijou成為一家特別的咖啡店。應(yīng)選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Havingbaristas(咖啡師)wearthebearpawprop(道具)hasdefinitelydrawncustomers,withmanyflockingtothebusinesstogetvideosofthisnovelapproachtocustomerservice.”〔讓咖啡師戴上熊爪道具無疑吸引了顧客，許多人涌向咖啡店，觀看這種新穎的顧客效勞方式的視頻?！晨芍?，他們戴著熊爪道具來吸引顧客。應(yīng)選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“AccordingtoWang,oneofthereasonsHinichijouwasfoundedwastoprovidemoreemploymentopportunitiestodisabledpeople.”〔據(jù)王介紹，Hinichijou成立的原因之一是為殘疾人提供更多的就業(yè)時機(jī)?！晨芍?，Hinichijou被建立是為了提供更多的工作給殘疾人；根據(jù)文章最后一段“Wanghopesthatcustomersfeeltheloveandwarmthfromtheemployees,whilealsosupportingtherightsofthosewithdisabilities.”〔王希望客戶能感受到員工的愛和溫暖，同時也支持殘障人士的權(quán)利?！晨芍?，Hinichijou被建立是為了為顧客創(chuàng)造溫馨的體驗(yàn)和支持殘疾人的權(quán)利。由此可知，B項(xiàng)沒有被提及。應(yīng)選B。BSomethingstrangehasbeenhappeningtomelately:WomeninthestreethavebeentellingmeI’mbrave.Myactofcourageisn’tmuch—Ijuststoppedcoloringmyhair.IhadbrownhairthatstartedgoinggraywhenIwas30.So,likealotofwomen,Istarteddyeing(把……染上顏色)it.Itwasexpensive,messyandtime-consuming.Andmyhairgrowsfast,soIneededtogobacktothehairsaloneveryfiveweeks.Manypeopleseemtoenjoyholdingontotheiryouthforaslongaspossible,givingofftheimpressionthattheydon’thavemuchwisdomormanyaccomplishments.Butourhairstartstoturngray,andsuddenlywestartspending$500ormoreayeartocoversomethingourmalecolleaguesdon’tneedtocover.Ofcourse,peopleshoulddowhattheywantwiththeirownbody—mymotheris91andstillhas“blond”hair,andwhynot?IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitwasOKtobeourselvesbecausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney.Ilikemynaturalhair,justasitis.Ilikehowithasgottencurlyandfullagain.Itisrecoveringafteryearsofbeingdamagedbychemicals.Ialsolikethatithasgivenmesomeneededperspectiveinasocietythatmakesyouthseemsoimportant,whilebeingagainstmaturity.ItremindsmethatI’mnotakidanymore—andthisisn’tabadthing.NotbeingakidanymoremeansIreadthebooksIwantandnotthebooksIfeelIshouldread.ItmeansnotwastingmytimeateventsIdon’tneedtoattendwhenI’dratherbewithfamilyandfriends.WhenIseemyhairinthemirror,it’sareminderthatmytimeisnotinfinite,andIshouldspenditdoingwhatmatters.There’snothingshamefulaboutgrowingolder.Andpretendingit’snothappeningisawayofgivingupourpower.Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellionagainsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage,insteadofgainingit.Iseegrayhairasmy“flag”—andI’mlettingitfly,proudly.4.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutcoloringhair?A.Itisnotworththetimeandmoney.B.Itshowspeople’sstrangecourage.C.Itisagoodwaytoholdontoyouth.D.Itreflectswisdomandaccomplishments.5.Accordingtotheauthor,whenwegetold,weshould________.A.giveupourpowerB.pretendwearestillyoungC.remainrebelliousD.acceptitandactpositively6.Theauthorwrotethisarticlemainlyto________.A.explainwhyyouthisovervaluedB.shareherviewongrowingolderC.analyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofagingD.stresstheimportanceofdifferentperspectives【答案】4.A5.D6.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。表達(dá)了自己由染發(fā)到不染發(fā)態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變，從而感慨要坦然面對變老，正視年齡的經(jīng)歷?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞colorhair可以定位在第四段最后一句“IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitwasOKtobeourselvesbecausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney.”〔我只是希望我們中更多的人要做自己，因?yàn)轭^發(fā)變成灰白對我來說比節(jié)省時間和金錢更有意義?！晨梢钥闯鎏谷蛔鲎约壕秃?，頭發(fā)變灰白接受變老比節(jié)省時間和金錢帶來的感受更重要。選項(xiàng)A.“Itisnotworththetimeandmoney.”〔不值得浪費(fèi)時間和金錢。〕符合題意，應(yīng)選A。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“There'snothingshamefulaboutgrowingolder.”〔變老沒什么不體面的。〕可知，我們要接受自己變老的事實(shí)。應(yīng)選D。3.推理判斷題。作者通過前四段的描述，引用自己染發(fā)的事例，進(jìn)而談到自己對染發(fā)的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為染發(fā)是費(fèi)時費(fèi)錢的，坦然做自己是對的。同時在第五、六段闡述自己對于變老的思考和態(tài)度，作者寫這篇文章主要是為了分享她對變老的看法，應(yīng)選B。CLiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.Afterameal,userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI(ArtificialIntelligence),studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealstochildreninimpoverished(貧困的)ruralareas.Liuandhisteam,togetherwithotherorganizations,launchedthe“ClearYourPlate”campaigninNovemberforthethirdyear.Ithassweptover1,017universitiesacrossthecountry.Theone-monthcampaignattractedalmost1.6millionparticipantsandcollectivelyreducedfoodwasteby862tonsandcarbonemissions(碳排放)by3,337tons.“Technologicalinnovationisagoodwaytoreducefoodwaste,”Liuthought.Heorganizedateamof20memberstoworkontheprojectattheendof2017.TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018,themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct16,WorldFoodDay.Theythenlaunchedacampaignlaterthatyear.“Thereweresomanyunknownsinresearchanddevelopment.Forourteammembers,thebiggestchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,”Liusaid.Theynotonlyachievedtheirgoal,butnow,themini-programhasmorethan5millionregisteredusers,accordingtoLiu.“Wehopeoureffortscanstartanewtrendamongtheyoungergenerationbyencouragingthemtocherish(珍惜)theirfoodanddevelopthehabitofthrift(節(jié)約),”Liuadded.7.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“ClearYourPlate”mini-program?A.ItaimstoputanendtowasteandencouragethriftB.Its6millionusersaremostlystudents.C.Ithelpedreducefoodwasteby3,337tons.D.Itisanexchangeoffoodforrewards.8.WhatchallengedidLiuandhisteamface?A.Theyfoundittoughtopromotethecampaign.B.Theyfeltuncertainwhethertheycouldcompletetheproject.C.Theylackedprofessionaltechnicalsupport.D.Theyhaddifficultygatheringenoughsamples.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiuJichen?A.Optimisticanddemanding.B.Generousandresponsible.C.Talentedandhumorous.D.Creativeanddetermined.10.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Anewsreport.C.Abookreview.D.Atextbook.【答案】7.D8.B9.D10.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了清華大學(xué)學(xué)生，23歲的劉繼臣開發(fā)了一個名為“清盤”的微信小程序，用技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來幫助減少食物浪費(fèi)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Afterameal,userscanopenthemini-programandtakeapictureoftheiremptyplates.OncetheimageisrecognizedbytheAI(ArtificialIntelligence),studentscancollectpointsandusethemtobuygiftsorpurchasecharitymealstochildreninimpoverished(貧困的)ruralareas.(飯后，用戶可以翻開這個小程序，為自己的空盤子拍照。一旦圖像被AI(人工智能)識別，學(xué)生們就可以收集積分，用這些積分來購置禮物或?yàn)樨毨мr(nóng)村地區(qū)的兒童購置慈善餐。)可知，通過拍空盤子的照片到這個小程序，參與者可以獲得積分，同時可以利用積分來購置禮物或購置捐贈給貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)兒童的慈善餐。所以這是善意獲得回報(bào)的一種交換。應(yīng)選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Forourteammembers,thebiggestpsychologicalchallengewaswhetherwewereconfidentenoughtocompleteit,Liusaid.”(劉繼臣說：“對于我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員來說，最大的心理挑戰(zhàn)是我們是否有足夠的信心完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)?！?可知，對于是否能完成這個任務(wù)劉的團(tuán)隊(duì)是不確定的。選項(xiàng)B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“LiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.”(23歲的清華大學(xué)學(xué)生劉繼臣開發(fā)了一個名為“清盤”的微信小程序。)、第三段第一句“Theideatodevelopsuchmini-programcamefromLiu'sexperienceincanteen.(開發(fā)這樣一個微型工程的想法來自于劉在食堂的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。)可知，劉繼臣是極具創(chuàng)造性的人；倒數(shù)第二段中“TosolvetheAI’sproblemofidentifyingphotosofemptyplates,theteamspenthalfayearcollectingover100,000samplesincanteensandrestaurants.In2018,themini-programwasofficiallyputintooperationonOct16,WorldFoodDay.(為了解決人工智能識別空盤子照片的問題，研究小組花了半年時間，在食堂和餐館收集了超過10萬個樣本。2018年10月16日【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“LiuJichen,23,astudentfromTsinghuaUniversity,hasdevelopedaWeChatmini-programcalled“ClearYourPlate”.”(23歲的清華大學(xué)學(xué)生劉繼臣開發(fā)了一個名為“清盤”的微信小程序。)可知，本文主要講述了23歲的劉繼臣創(chuàng)造了“清盤”的微信小程序。所以本文最有可能是一篇新聞報(bào)道。應(yīng)選B。第二節(jié)〔共5小題，每題2分，總分值10分〕根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforeyoucancommittoachievingagoalyouhavetodefinewhatexactlyyourgoalis.Thisismuchharderthanitmaysound.Itcantakealotofthoughtandconsiderationtofindoutwhatyouwant.___11___Tryfreewritingtocomeupwithideas.Ifyou’rehavingtroublecomingupwithabroadideaforyourgoal,tryafreewritingexercise.___12___Youmayfindthatyourbraingetsmorecreativewhenyou’renotforcingittocomeupwithideas.Avoidgoalsbasedonexternal(外部的)factors.___13___Otherwise,youriskgettingfrustratedifyoucan’tcompleteyourgoalbecauseofsomethingthat’soutofyourcontrol.Forexample,ifyourgoalistobethebestplayeronyourbaseballteam,andsomeoneelseendsupbeingbetterthanyou,youwon’tbeabletoreachyourgoal.Judgeifyourgoalissufficientlychallengingbutnotimpossible:___14___Youshouldn’t,however,setgoalsthataresodifficultthatyougetfrustratedandstop.___15___Ithelpstosetadatethatyouwouldliketoachieveyourgoalby.Thiswillhelppreventyoufromputtingoffworkingonit.Itwillalsohelpyoutrackyourprogressbysettingbenchmarks(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)).A.Breakupyourgoalintosub-goals.B.Bytakingtherightsteps,yourprocessofdecidingonagoalcangetmucheasier.C.Figureoutwhyexactlyyoufindthisgoalchallenging.DSetupatimetableforyourgoal.E.Generally,itismoreeffectivetosetgoalsthatyouhavecontrolover.F.Itinvolvessimplywritingdownwhatevercomestoyouwithaspecificquestioninmind.G.Yourgoalshouldbechallengingenoughtokeepyouinterestedandgiveyouasenseofaccomplishment.【答案】11.B12.F13.E14.G15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了明確目標(biāo)的方法。【11題詳解】結(jié)合上文“Itcantakealotofthoughtandconsiderationtofindoutwhatyouwant.”〔要想知道你想要的是什么需要很多的思考和考慮?！澈拖挛摹癟ryfreewritingtocomeupwithideas.”〔試著自由寫作，想出點(diǎn)子?！场ⅰ癆voidgoalsbasedonexternal(外部的)factors.”〔防止基于外部因素的目標(biāo)?！骋约啊癑udgeifyourgoalissufficientlychallengingbutnotimpossible”〔判斷你的目標(biāo)是否足夠具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但又不是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的?！晨芍挛奶岬降氖敲鞔_目標(biāo)的步驟?？芍?，B項(xiàng)：Bytakingtherightsteps,yourprocessofdecidingonagoalcangetmucheasier.〔通過采取正確的步驟，你決定目標(biāo)的過程會變得容易得多?！撤险Z境。應(yīng)選B?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Tryfreewritingtocomeupwithideas.”〔試著自由寫作，想出點(diǎn)子?！晨芍?，本段主要是要寫出一些想法。F項(xiàng)：Itinvolvessimplywritingdownwhatevercomestoyouwithaspecificquestioninmind.〔它包括簡單地寫下你想到的任何東西，在腦海里有一個具體的問題?！撤险Z境。應(yīng)選F?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Otherwise,youriskgettingfrustratedifyoucan’tcompleteyourgoalbecauseofsomethingthat’soutofyourcontrol.”〔否那么，如果你不能完成你的目標(biāo)，因?yàn)橐恍┠銦o法控制的事情，你就會有沮喪的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！晨芍衔奶岬搅艘O(shè)定能控制的目標(biāo)。E項(xiàng)：Generally,itismoreeffectivetosetgoalsthatyouhavecontrolover.〔一般來說，設(shè)定你能控制的目標(biāo)更有效?！撤险Z境。應(yīng)選E。【14題詳解】根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Judgeifyourgoalissufficientlychallengingbutnotimpossible”〔判斷你的目標(biāo)是否足夠具有挑戰(zhàn)性，但又不是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的?！晨芍?，空處指出應(yīng)該要選具有挑戰(zhàn)性的目標(biāo)。G項(xiàng)：Yourgoalshouldbechallengingenoughtokeepyouinterestedandgiveyouasenseofaccomplishment.〔你的目標(biāo)應(yīng)該有足夠的挑戰(zhàn)性，讓你保持興趣，并給你成就感。〕符合語境。應(yīng)選G?！?5題詳解】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Ithelpstosetadatethatyouwouldliketoachieveyourgoalby.Thiswillhelppreventyoufromputtingoffworkingonit.Itwillalsohelpyoutrackyourprogressbysettingbenchmarks.”〔設(shè)定一個你想要到達(dá)目標(biāo)的日期是有幫助的。這將有助于防止你拖延工作。它還可以通過設(shè)置基準(zhǔn)來幫助你跟蹤你的進(jìn)展。〕可知，本段主要講述的是要為目標(biāo)制定一個時間表。D項(xiàng)：Setupatimetableforyourgoal.〔為你的目標(biāo)制定一個時間表?！撤险Z境。應(yīng)選D。第三局部語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，總分值45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白的最正確選項(xiàng)。Throughouthistory,peoplehavebeeninterestedinknowinghowlanguagefirstbegan,butnooneknowsexactlywhereorhowthishappened.___16___,wedoknowalotabout___17___,thelanguagesoftodayandalsothelanguagesof___18___times.There___19___probablyaboutthreethousandlanguagesintheworldtoday.Chineseisthelanguage___20___themostspeakers.English,RussianandSpanisharealsospokenbymillionsofpeople.___21___,somelanguagesintheworldhavelessthanonehundredspeakers.Thereareseveralimportant___22___oflanguagesintheworld.Forexample,mostofthelanguagesof___23___areinonelargefamily___24___theIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.Theoriginal(最初的)languageofthisfamilywasspokenabout4,500years____25____.ManyofthepresentlanguagesofEuropeandIndiaaremodern____26____ofthelanguageof4,500yearsago.Languagesare____27____changing.TheEnglishoftodayisverydifferent____28____theEnglishof500yearsago.Intimesomeeven____29____completely.About1,000yearsago____30____wasalittle-knownrelativeofGerman____31____ononeoftheborders(邊界)ofEurope.Ifalanguagehas____32____speakersorifitisveryold,theremaybe____33____inthewayitisspokenindifferentareas.____34____,thelanguagemayhaveseveraldialects.Chineseisagoodexampleofdialectdifferences.Chinesehasbeenspokenforthousandsofyearsbymillionsofspeakers.ThedifferencesamongthedialectsofChinesearesogreatthatspeakersofChinesefromsomepartsofChina____35____understandspeakersfromotherparts.16.A.But B.So C.However D.Besides17.A.English B.history C.Chinese D.languages18.A.earlier B.later C.modern D.hard19.A.is B.are C.was D.were20.A.for B.with C.in D.of21.A.Inaword B.Ontheonehand C.What’smore D.Ontheotherhand22.A.forms B.systems C.families D.changes23A.Europe B.Asia C.Africa D.America24.A.called B.spoken C.calling D.speaking25.A.before B.ago C.later D.old26.A.times B.families C.forms D.members27.A.always B.seldom C.often D.sometimes28.A.about B.with C.between D.from29.A.dieout B.dieaway C.diedown D.dieoff30.A.Spanish B.English C.Chinese D.Russian31.A.called B.told C.spoken D.named32.A.agreatdealof B.afew C.alittle D.alotof33.A.speakers B.differences C.difference D.changes34.A.Thatis B.Therefore C.Infact D.However35.A.mustn’t B.maynot C.won’t D.can’t【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.B20.B21.D22.C23.A24.A25.B26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章表達(dá)的是有關(guān)“語言”的一些事宜?？v觀歷史，人們一直對語言的起源很感興趣，但沒有人確切地知道這是在哪里或如何發(fā)生的?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。A.But但是；B.So所以；C.However然而；D.Besides另外。語言的起源一直是人們感興趣的事情，但是沒人確切地知道語言的起源究竟是怎樣的。然而，我們還是對語言有許多了解。but后不能出現(xiàn)逗號。應(yīng)選C。【17題詳解】考查名詞。A.English英語；B.history歷史；C.Chinese漢語；D.languages語言。由上下文可知，此處一直是在講對語言的認(rèn)識，而不單純是對漢語或英語的認(rèn)識。應(yīng)選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。A.earlier更早；B.later更遲；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.hard努力地。人們對現(xiàn)在的語言以及更早的語言有所了解。由上下文可知，此處與today對應(yīng)。應(yīng)選A?！?9題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。由后面的“aboutthreethousandlanguagesintheworldtoday”可知，此處應(yīng)用be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的復(fù)數(shù)形式。應(yīng)選B?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。由with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語作定語，修飾language，表示“漢語是使用人數(shù)最多的一種語言”。應(yīng)選B?！?1題詳解】考查詞組。A.Inaword總之；B.Ontheonehand一方面；C.What’smore另外；D.Ontheotherhand另一方面。上文指出漢語是使用人數(shù)最多的一種語言，接著又說英語、俄語和西班牙語也有數(shù)百萬人使用，后文話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)講到，還有不到一百人使用的語言，所以此處用ontheotherhand。應(yīng)選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。A.forms形式；B.systems系統(tǒng)；C.families家庭；D.changes改變。由后面的內(nèi)容可知，語言有幾大語系，用families表示。下文的onelargefamily也是提示。應(yīng)選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。A.Europe歐洲；B.Asia亞洲；C.Africa非洲；D.America美洲。由后面的“Indo-Europeanlanguagefamily”可知，歐洲的大多數(shù)語言都屬于一個大的語系——印歐語系。應(yīng)選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞。此處是過去分詞called作定語，表示“被稱作”。應(yīng)選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞。由前面的“wasspoken”可知，此處應(yīng)該用與一般過去時連用的ago，before用于過去完成時的句子中。應(yīng)選B。【26題詳解】考查名詞。A.times時代，次數(shù)；B.families家庭；C.forms形式；D.members成員?，F(xiàn)在印度與歐洲的一些語言實(shí)際上就是4,500年以前的語言的現(xiàn)代形式(forms)。應(yīng)選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。A.always總是；B.seldom幾乎，難得；C.often經(jīng)常；D.sometimes有時候。由下文可知，語言一直都在開展變化，always與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時連用表示“總是”。應(yīng)選A?！?8題詳解】考查固定搭配。bedifferentfrom“與……不同”，為固定短語。應(yīng)選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.dieout滅絕；B.dieaway減弱，消失；C.diedown逐漸消失；D.dieoff相繼死去。經(jīng)過一段時間有些語言完全消失了。應(yīng)選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。A.Spanish西班牙語；B.English英語；C.Chinese漢語；D.Russian俄語。一千年前的英語還與當(dāng)時人們講的德語有親戚關(guān)系。應(yīng)選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞。表示“講(某種語言)”用speak，此處用過去分詞作定語表示被動。應(yīng)選C。【32題詳解】考查詞組。講某種語言的人多或某種語言很古老，那么不同地區(qū)人們說話的方式就有差異。A、C項(xiàng)只修飾不可數(shù)名詞；afew表示“幾個”，意義不符。應(yīng)選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。由上文可知此處指人們說話方式的不同，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。應(yīng)選B。34題詳解】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。A.Thatis也就是說；B.Therefore因此；C.Infact事實(shí)上；D.However然而。此處是對上文的說明：也就是說(thatis)，一種語言可能有幾種方言。應(yīng)選A。【35題詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。方言的差異如此之大，以至于來自不同地區(qū)的人都無法相互溝通。此處表示“不會，不能”，故用can’t。應(yīng)選D。第二節(jié)短文填空(共10小題，每題1.5分，總分值15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容〔1個單詞〕或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Withmanyworkstohercredit,EileenChangis___36___(wide)recognizedasoneofthemostimportantChinesewritersofthe20thcentury.Thisyearmarkshercentennial(第100周年紀(jì)念)birthday.Inmemoryofthewriter,internetusershavenamedtheyear“EileenEileen”___37___soundsliketheChinesepronunciationof2020.Bornand___38___(bring)upinanoblefamily,ChangreadalotofclassicalChineseliteratureandstartedpublishingstorieswhenshewasinmiddleschool.Inherearly20s,ChanglivedinJapanese-occupiedShanghai.Duringthatperiod,Chang___39___(inspire)bywhatshesawandwrotemanyofherbestworks.“___40___mycharactersarenotheroes,theyaretheoneswhobeartheburdenofourage.Theysumupthisageof___41___(we)betterthananyhero,”Changoncesaid.“Changhascoveredwomen’spursuitfrommaterialtospiritual,andithasn’tchanged___42___theyears,”commentedZhangYueran,amodernfemalewriter.Withsuchavivid___43___(describe)offemalesandtheirlives,nowonderafter100yearsmanyarestill___44___(draw)toherworks.“Forhergracefulwritingstyleanddeepunderstandingofhumanpsychology,Changisoneofthe___45___(great)writersofmodernChineseliterature,”GooglepostedonitswebsitetocelebrateChang'sbirthday.【答案】36.widely37.which/that38.brought39.wasinspired40.Although/Though41.ours42.over43.description44.drawn45.greatest【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作家張愛玲的生平及其作品對人們的影響?！驹斀狻?.考查副詞。句意：張愛玲作品眾多，被公認(rèn)為20世紀(jì)中國最重要的作家之一。根據(jù)設(shè)空后的動詞recognized，可知此處用副詞修飾動詞。wide形容詞。表示“廣泛的”，其副詞形式為widely。故填widely。2.考查定語從句。句意：為了紀(jì)念這位作家，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶將這一年命名為“EileenEileen”，聽起來像2020年的中文發(fā)音。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處及之后內(nèi)容為定語從句，先行詞為theyear“EileenEileen”，在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which/that。故填which/that。3.考查非謂語動詞。句意：出生并且在貴族家庭長大，張愛玲讀了很多中國古典文學(xué)作品，同時在中學(xué)時就開始出版小說。分析句子可知，逗號之前為句子的狀語，句子主語Chang和短語bringup為動賓關(guān)系，所以bring此處用過去分詞。故填brought。4.考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在此期間，張的靈感來自于她的所見所聞，并創(chuàng)作了許多優(yōu)秀作品。根據(jù)前文“Inherearly20s”及“Duringthatperiod,”可知，此處句子時態(tài)為一般過去時；另句子主語Chang和動詞inspire為動賓關(guān)系，所以inspire用被動語態(tài)，且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，綜上可知，空白處填wasinspired。故填wasinspired。5.考查讓步狀語從句。句意：雖然我筆下的人物不是英雄，但他們承當(dāng)著我們這個時代的重?fù)?dān)。根據(jù)句中“mycharactersarenotheroes”及“theyaretheoneswhobeartheburdenofourage.”比照可知，逗號之后內(nèi)容和之前內(nèi)容之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以逗號之前為讓步狀語從句。所以空白處可填A(yù)lthough/Though，故填A(yù)lthough/Though。6.考查名詞性物主代詞。句意：張愛玲曾經(jīng)說過：“他們比任何英雄都更好地總結(jié)了我們這個時代?！备鶕?jù)前文“ourage”，可知空白處表示“我們的時代”，為了防止重復(fù)，此處用名詞性物主代詞ours。故填ours。7.考查介詞。句意：張悅?cè)唬晃滑F(xiàn)代女作家評論說：“張愛玲的作品涵蓋了女性從物質(zhì)到精神的追求，這種追求多年來沒有改變?！眔vertheyears“多年來”，所以空白處填介詞over，故填over。8.考查名詞。句意：如此生動地描述了女性和她們的生活，難怪100年后許多人仍然對她的作品感興趣。根據(jù)設(shè)空前形容詞vivid，可知此處要用名詞。動詞describe，表示“描述”，其名詞形式為description。故填description。9.考查被動語態(tài)。句意同上。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處在句中做謂語，句子主語many和動詞draw為動賓關(guān)系，所以draw要用被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合設(shè)空前are，所以此處填drawn。故填drawn。10.考查形容詞最高級。句意：由于她優(yōu)美的寫作風(fēng)格和對人類心理的深刻理解，張愛玲是中國現(xiàn)代文學(xué)最偉大的作家之一。為了慶祝張的生日，谷歌把此論述在其網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布了。根據(jù)設(shè)空前定冠詞the，可知此處要用形容詞的最高級。故填greatest。第四局部寫作(共兩節(jié)，總分值40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(總分值15分)46.假設(shè)你是來自杭州的高中生李華，得知杭州2022年第19屆亞運(yùn)會〔the2022HangzhouAsianGames〕招募英語學(xué)生記者，請根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)寫一封自薦信申請得到這個職位。主要內(nèi)容包括：1.寫信目的；2.申請理由〔語言優(yōu)勢、性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)等〕；3.希望得到回復(fù)。注意：1.詞數(shù)在80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！敬鸢浮緿earSir/Madam,

Knowingthatyouareinneedofstudentjournalistsforthecoming2022HangzhouAsianGames,I'mwritingtoapplyforit.

Tobeginwith,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,whichwillsurelybeofgreathelpincommunicatingwithforeigners.Besides,Ienjoycooperatingwithothersandameasytogetalongwith.Moreimportantly,IonceworkedasareporterfortheInternational-sportsGames,makingmequitequalifiedforthejob.I'dbegratefulifmyapplicationcouldbetakenintoconsideration.

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Yoursfaithfully,

LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一封自薦信，申請杭州2022年第19屆亞運(yùn)會〔the2022HangzhouAsianGames〕的英語學(xué)生記者?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主，兼用一般過去時。結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。要求：1.寫信目的；2.申請理由〔語言優(yōu)勢、性格優(yōu)點(diǎn)等〕；3.希望得到回復(fù)。第二步：列提綱〔重點(diǎn)詞組〕grateful,volunteers,inneedof,applyfor,haveagoodcommandof,beofhelp,communicatewith,cooperatewith,getalongwith,bequalifiedfor,takesthintoconsideration第三步：連詞成句1.Knowingthatyouareinneedofstudentjournalistsforthecoming2022HangzhouAsianGames,I'mwritingtoapplyforit.2.IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,whichwillsurelybeofgreathelpincommunicatingwithforeigners.3.Ialsoenjoycooperatingwithothersandameasytogetalongwith.4.IonceworkedasareporterfortheInternational-sportsGames,makingmequitequalifiedforthejob.5.I'dbegratefulifmyapplicationcouldbetakenintoconsideration.根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞〔組〕進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇1.表文章結(jié)構(gòu)順序：Tobeginwith2.表并列補(bǔ)充關(guān)系：Besides,Moreimportantly3.表轉(zhuǎn)折比照關(guān)系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…〔供參考〕4.表因果關(guān)系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult〔供參考〕連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)清晰?！军c(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Knowingthatyouareinneedofstudentjournalistsforthecoming2022HangzhouAsianGames,I'mwritingtoapplyforit.〔運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語〕[高分句型2]IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,whichwillsurelybeofgreathelpincommunicatingwithforeigners.〔運(yùn)用了非限制性定語從句〕[高分句型3]Moreimportantly,IonceworkedasareporterfortheInternational-sportsGames,makingmequitequalifiedforthejob.〔運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語〕第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫〔總分值25分〕47.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Mymotherwasasupporterofphysicalpunishment,butforallhertalkingshehasneverspanked(打屁股)mysiblings,andmeonlyonce.Insteadshefoundwaysofpunishmentthatleftamorelastingmemorythangivingusaspanking.OneofthemostmemorableoftheseoccasionsoccurredwhenIwasfour.Intheearly70’smymotherattendedcollegeduringthedayandIwasindaycare.OnedayatdaycareIwatchedanextremelytiredmotherattempttopickupherdaughter.Thelittlegirlasked,“Momma,arewegoingtoMcDonald’sfordinner?”Themotherreplied,“Honey,nottonight.Mommahastorunafewerrands(差事)andthenwehavetogohomeandcookdinnerforDaddy.”“ButIwannago.”“Susie,Isaidnottonight.Maybe,ifyouareagoodgirl,wecangotomorrow.”Susieimmediatelydroppedtothefloor,kickingandscreaming,“IwanttogotoMcDonald’s.”Noamountofpleading(懇求)orscoldinghermothertriedstoppedSusie’stantrum(發(fā)脾氣).Finallyhermothergavein,“Okay,Susie,let’sgotoMcDonald’s.”Susiestoppedyelling.Withasmileonherfaceshegrabbedhermother’shandandtheyleft.TosayIwasamazedwouldbeinaccurate(不準(zhǔn)確的);IwasdelightedthatanythingIwantedcouldbehadbythrowingatantrum.ThatdaymymotherpickedmeupearlyfromdaycarebecauseweweregoingtoastoretopurchasesomeChristmasitems.Iwasexcitedbythelightsanddecorations,andaswewalkedthroughthetoysectiononthewaytothecounter,IsawatoyIhadtohave.Itwasawhiteandredtelephonewhosebellsrangasitwaspulledalongonastring.LookinglovinglyupatmymotherIa