河南省南陽(yáng)市南陽(yáng)六校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

PAGEPAGE1河南省南陽(yáng)市南陽(yáng)六校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.WheredidJennyputthebike?A.Underatree.B.Inthebackyard.C.Inthestreet.2.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Placethecups.B.Setupmicrophones.C.Preparethetablesandchairs.3.WhowillprobablypickupHelentomorrowmorning?A.Bob.B.Larry.C.Mary.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Sorry.B.Excited.C.Proud.5.Whatcolorwallpaperwillthespeakersprobablychoose?A.Brown.B.Lightblue.C.Darkyellow.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemanusetolearnJapanese?A.TheInternet.B.Asmartphone.C.Booksandtapes.7.Whatisthemanadvisedtodo?A.GiveupJapanesecompletely.B.ContinuelearningJapanese.C.Learnanotherlanguage.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whenistherealityshowon?A.At7:00pm.B.At8:30pm.C.At9:00pm.9.Whywon’tthewomanwatchAvatar?A.It’stoolong.B.Shehasseenitmanytimes.C.There’smuchaction.10.Whatisthehomeimprovementshowabout?A.Cleaningthehouse.B.Expandingthebathroom.C.Fixingupthingsaroundthehouse.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Forwhatdoesthewomanprefertobuyanelectriccar?A.Thelowprice.B.Itspowerfulengine.C.Environmentalprotection.12.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Supportive.B.Worried.C.Unconcerned.13.WhatdoesthemanthinkMelbourneneedstodo?A.Broadentheroads.B.Limitthenumberofcars.C.Improvepublictransport.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whichquestiondoesthewomanrefusetowritedowntheanswerto?A.NumberThree.B.NumberSeven.C.NumberTen.15.Howoftendoesthewomantakepainkillers?A.Never.B.Sometimes.C.Regularly.16.Whatisthelastquestionabout?A.Thelawtrouble.B.Thedrivingskills.C.Thesocialsecurity.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisinchargeofthesafetythisyear?A.Thebusinessclub.B.Acharity.C.Thetown.18.Whywillthebusinessclubholdtheevent?A.Togetpracticalexperience.B.Tocreateasafeenvironment.C.Tosellmorecreativeproducts.19.Whatcanbefoundontheevent’swebsite?A.Thebestwaytothemarket.B.Rulesforsellingthings.C.Tipsonhowtobuytheticket.20.Whatdoesthespeakertalkabout?A.Plansforafestival.B.TheChristmasMarket.C.Safetyinstructions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AYellowstone,WYNootherplaceonearthislikeYellowstoneNationalPark.Thehuge,naturalconservationattractsallvisitorswithitsmountains,valleys,springsandforests.Withchallenginghikesintothebackcountryaswellaswheelchair-accessiblewoodenboardwalks,thewondersofYellowstoneareforeveryoneinyourfamily.Bringatentandgethereearlytotakeadvantageoftheaffordablecampgrounds.Durango,CODurangoanditsnearbymountainsattractpeopleinanyseason,andyoucanbringyourfamilythereanytime.Inwarmmonths,you’llfindeverythingfromhikingtowhite-waterrafting(漂流).Inwintermonths,thehistoricDurango&SilvertonNarrowGaugeRailroadisoneofthebestwintertrainridesinthecountry.PurgatorySkiResortislessexpensiveandlesscrowdedthanitsColoradocompetitorslikeAspen,butwithequallygreatslopes(山坡).OuterBanks,NCTheOuterBanksseparatethemainlandfromtheAtlanticOcean.Theopen-seabeaches,stateparksandsunken-shipdivingsitesmakethemapopularholidaydestination.Theareapositivelymarksinhistory:RoanokeIslandwasthesiteofEngland’sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld;OrvilleandWilburWrighttooktheirfamousfirstflightatKillDevilHillsandthepirate(海盜)BlackbeardfoughthislastbattleatOcracoke,whichmayentertainboththeadultandthekids.Bandera,TXGototherealgrassfarmoutsideofSanAntonio,forsomeWestern-themedfun.Whetheryou’redyingtotryhorsebackridingorjusthopingtorelaxinaplacewherekidscanentertainthemselves,thisfarmhasyoucoveredwithplentyoffunoutdooractivitiesforthewholefamilyincludingfishing,horseshoes,andplaygroundsforgolf,basketball,tennis,volleyballandevenpickleball.1.WhatisanadvantageofPurgatorySkiResortcomparedwithitsColoradocompetitors?A.It’scheaper. B.It’smorepopular.C.Ithasgreaterslopes. D.Ithasalongerhistory.2.Wherecanvisitorsseeseveralhistoricalsites?A.InBandera. B.InDurango. C.InYellowstone. D.InOuterBanks.3.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyaremorebeautifulinwinter.B.Theyaresuitableforthewholefamily.C.Theyprovidehorseridingonthegrassland.D.Theyallhaveboardwalksforpeopleinspecialneeds.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.B【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了四個(gè)適合全家人旅游的地點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Durango,CO下的“PurgatorySkiResortislessexpensiveandlesscrowdedthanitsColoradocompetitorslikeAspen,butwithequallygreatslopes(山坡).(Purgatory滑雪場(chǎng)比科羅拉多的Aspen等競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手便宜，也不那么擁擠，但同樣有很好的坡度)”可知，與科羅拉多的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手相比，Purgatory滑雪場(chǎng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它是便宜的。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題InOuterBanks下的“Theopen-seabeaches,stateparksandsunken-shipdivingsitesmakethemapopularholidaydestination.Theareapositivelymarksinhistory:RoanokeIslandwasthesiteofEngland’sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld;OrvilleandWilburWrighttooktheirfamousfirstflightatKillDevilHillsandthepirate(海盜)BlackbeardfoughthislastbattleatOcracoke,whichmayentertainboththeadultandthekids.(開(kāi)闊的海灘、州立公園和沉船潛水地點(diǎn)使其成為受歡迎的度假勝地。該地區(qū)在歷史上留下了積極的印記:羅阿諾克島是英國(guó)在新大陸的第一個(gè)定居點(diǎn);奧維爾·萊特和威爾伯·萊特在KillDevilHills進(jìn)行了他們著名的第一次飛行，海盜黑胡子在奧克拉科克進(jìn)行了他的最后一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗，這可能會(huì)讓成人和孩子們都感到有趣)”可知，游客在OuterBanks可以看到一些歷史遺跡。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題Yellowstone,WY下的“Withchallenginghikesintothebackcountryaswellaswheelchair-accessiblewoodenboardwalks,thewondersofYellowstoneareforeveryoneinyourfamily.(有挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步旅行進(jìn)入偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)，以及輪椅可進(jìn)入的木制木板路，黃石公園的奇觀適合您的家人)”，小標(biāo)題Durango,CO下的“Durangoanditsnearbymountainsattractpeopleinanyseason,andyoucanbringyourfamilythereanytime.(杜蘭戈及其附近的山脈在任何季節(jié)都吸引著人們，你可以隨時(shí)帶著你的家人去那里)”，小標(biāo)題OuterBanks,NC下的“RoanokeIslandwasthesiteofEngland’sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld;OrvilleandWilburWrighttooktheirfamousfirstflightatKillDevilHillsandthepirate(海盜)BlackbeardfoughthislastbattleatOcracoke,whichmayentertainboththeadultandthekids.(羅阿諾克島是英國(guó)在新大陸的第一個(gè)定居點(diǎn);奧維爾·萊特和威爾伯·萊特在KillDevilHills進(jìn)行了他們著名的第一次飛行，海盜黑胡子在奧克拉科克進(jìn)行了他的最后一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗，這可能會(huì)讓成人和孩子們都感到有趣)”以及小標(biāo)題Bandera,TX下的“Whetheryou’redyingtotryhorsebackridingorjusthopingtorelaxinaplacewherekidscanentertainthemselves,thisfarmhasyoucoveredwithplentyoffunoutdooractivitiesforthewholefamilyincludingfishing,horseshoes,andplaygroundsforgolf,basketball,tennis,volleyballandevenpickleball.(無(wú)論你是渴望嘗試騎馬，還是只是希望在孩子們可以?shī)蕵?lè)的地方放松，這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)都為你提供了許多有趣的戶外活動(dòng)，包括釣魚(yú)，馬蹄鐵，高爾夫球，籃球，網(wǎng)球，排球甚至匹克球的游樂(lè)場(chǎng))”可知，這四個(gè)地點(diǎn)的共同之處是他們適合全家人一起去旅游。故選B項(xiàng)。BAspecialspellingeventcalled“TheBigDictation”tookplaceinthefamousChamps-ElyseésstreetofParis.TheeventwasorganizedbyawriternamedRachidSantaki,whoisoftencalled“MonsieurDictee”,or“Mr.Dictation”.Hecameupwiththeideaoflargegroupsofpeopleparticipatingindictations(聽(tīng)寫(xiě))backin2013,thinkingitcouldhelppeopleinFrancegetbetteratreadingandwriting.Over50,000peopleappliedtojoininthespecialspellingevent.Intheend,around5,000people,aged10to90,werechosentotakepart.Alarge“blackboard”wassetupfortheeventnearafamousmonument(紀(jì)念碑),theArcdeTriomphe.Threecelebritiesweretheretoplaythepartoftheteacher,andreadthedictationtextsoutloud.Atotalof1,779desksweresetupinthestreettobeusedineachofthreedifferentdictationsessions,eachofwhichhadadifferenttheme,includingclassicFrenchliterature,contemporaryFrenchliterature,andwritingaboutsports.Ten-year-oldSamsonthoughtthedictationwastooquickandhecouldn’tfinish.Anotheryoungstudentagreed.“Itwasimpossible!”hesaid.“Thedictationwasforadults.”Evenadultsfoundithard,reportingthatitcaused“stressandworry”.Oneretiredwomanwaspleasedthatshehadonlymadetwomistakes.Theorganizersaidtheeventwasn’tjustaboutgettingallthewordsright,butsomethingthatcouldbringpeopletogether.AnothergoalofTheBigDictationwastobreaktheGuinnessrecordforthelargestdictationeventever.Thepreviousrecordwassetin2018atFrance’snationalstadium,StadedeFrance,with1,473peopletakingpart.It’snotcleariftheeventontheChamps-Elyseesmanagedtobeattherecord.Butevenifitdidn’t,TheBigDictationwillberememberedbythepeopleofParisforalongtime.4.WhatwasRachidSantaki’spurposeinsettingup“TheBigDictation”?A.ToadvertiseChamps-Elyseesstreet.B.Toprovideaplatformtoshowcitizens’talents.C.Topromotepeople’sreadingandwritingability.D.Tocollectmoneyforcharity.5.Whatdidtheeventsitelooklike?A.Anoutdoorclassroom. B.Ahugeculturemuseum.C.Agreatexhibitionofbooks. D.Alargecelebritymeet-and-greet.6.Whatdomostparticipantsthinkofthedictation?A.Interesting. B.Challenging. C.Impractical. D.Rewarding.7.Whatcanwelearnabouttheeventfromthelastparagraph?A.ItleftadeepimpressionontheParisians.B.ItsetupanewGuinnessrecordondictation.C.Itgotfewerthan1,473participantseventually.D.Itaimedtoattractpeopleworldwide.〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.A【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了一個(gè)在巴黎香榭麗舍大街舉行的特殊拼寫(xiě)活動(dòng)“TheBigDictation”。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Hecameupwiththeideaoflargegroupsofpeopleparticipatingindictations(聽(tīng)寫(xiě))backin2013,thinkingitcouldhelppeopleinFrancegetbetteratreadingandwriting.(早在2013年，他就提出了讓一大群人參與聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的想法，認(rèn)為這可以幫助法國(guó)人提高閱讀和寫(xiě)作水平)”可知，RachidSantaki創(chuàng)立“TheBigDictation”的目的是提高人們的閱讀和寫(xiě)作能力。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Alarge“blackboard”wassetupfortheeventnearafamousmonument(紀(jì)念碑),theArcdeTriomphe.Threecelebritiesweretheretoplaythepartoftheteacher,andreadthedictationtextsoutloud.Atotalof1,779desksweresetupinthestreettobeusedineachofthreedifferentdictationsessions,eachofwhichhadadifferenttheme,includingclassicFrenchliterature,contemporaryFrenchliterature,andwritingaboutsports.(在著名的凱旋門紀(jì)念碑附近，人們豎起了一塊巨大的“黑板”。三位名人在那里扮演老師的角色，大聲朗讀聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的課文。在街上總共設(shè)置了1779張桌子，用于三種不同的聽(tīng)寫(xiě)會(huì)話，每種會(huì)話都有不同的主題，包括經(jīng)典法國(guó)文學(xué)，當(dāng)代法國(guó)文學(xué)和關(guān)于體育的寫(xiě)作)”可知，活動(dòng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)是一個(gè)戶外教室。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ten-year-oldSamsonthoughtthedictationwastooquickandhecouldn’tfinish.Anotheryoungstudentagreed.“Itwasimpossible!”hesaid.“Thedictationwasforadults.”Evenadultsfoundithard,reportingthatitcaused“stressandworry”.Oneretiredwomanwaspleasedthatshehadonlymadetwomistakes.(10歲的Samson認(rèn)為聽(tīng)寫(xiě)太快，他無(wú)法完成。另一個(gè)年輕的學(xué)生也同意?！斑@不可能!”他說(shuō)。“聽(tīng)寫(xiě)是給成年人設(shè)置的?！奔词故浅赡耆艘灿X(jué)得這很難，他們說(shuō)這會(huì)帶來(lái)“壓力和擔(dān)憂”。一位退休婦女很高興自己只犯了兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)”可知，大多數(shù)參與者認(rèn)為聽(tīng)寫(xiě)具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theorganizersaidtheeventwasn’tjustaboutgettingallthewordsright,butsomethingthatcouldbringpeopletogether.AnothergoalofTheBigDictationwastobreaktheGuinnessrecordforthelargestdictationeventever.Thepreviousrecordwassetin2018atFrance’snationalstadium,StadedeFrance,with1,473peopletakingpart.It’snotcleariftheeventontheChamps-Elyseesmanagedtobeattherecord.Butevenifitdidn’t,TheBigDictationwillberememberedbythepeopleofParisforalongtime.(組織者說(shuō)，這次活動(dòng)不僅僅是要把所有的詞都寫(xiě)對(duì)，而是要把人們聚集在一起?！按舐?tīng)寫(xiě)”的另一個(gè)目標(biāo)是打破有史以來(lái)最大規(guī)模聽(tīng)寫(xiě)活動(dòng)的吉尼斯紀(jì)錄。此前的紀(jì)錄是2018年在法國(guó)國(guó)家體育場(chǎng)法蘭西體育場(chǎng)創(chuàng)下的，共有1473人參加。尚不清楚在香榭麗舍大街舉行的這場(chǎng)活動(dòng)是否打破了世界紀(jì)錄。但即使沒(méi)有，《大聽(tīng)寫(xiě)》也將被巴黎人民銘記很久)”可知，這次活動(dòng)將被巴黎人民銘記很久，也就是給巴黎人留下了深刻的印象。故選A項(xiàng)。CAnewstudydiscussedthehighprobabilitythatnochickshadsurvivedfromfourofthefivemonitored(監(jiān)測(cè))emperorpenguingroupsinAntarctic.Thesatelliteimagesshowedthelossofseaiceatbreeding(繁殖)sites,wellbeforechickswouldhavedevelopedwaterprooffeathers.EmperorpenguinsaredependentonstableseaicewheretheylayeggsinAntarcticwinterfromMaytoJune.Eggshatchafter65days,butchicksdonotgrowfeathersuntilsummer,betweenDecemberandJanuary.Soemperorpenguinsarehighlysensitiveinawarmingclimate.Since2016,Antarcticahasseenthefouryearswiththelowestseaiceextentsinthe45-yearsatelliterecord,withthetwolowestyearsin2021/22and2022/23.Between2018and2022,30%ofthe62knownemperorpenguingroupsinAntarcticawereaffectedbypartortotalseaiceloss.Althoughitisdifficulttoimmediatelylinkspecificextremeseasonstoclimatechange,alonger-termdecline(減少)inseaiceextentisexpectedfromthecurrentgenerationofclimatemodels.AtthebeginningofDecember2022,theAntarcticseaiceextentmatchedthepreviousall-timelowsetin2021.ThemostextremelosswasseeninthecentralandeasternBellingshausenSearegion,westoftheAntarcticPeninsulawheretherewasa100%lossofseaiceinNovember2022.Currentscientificevidencesuggeststhatextremeseaicelosseventslikethiswillbecomemorefrequentandwidespread.Emperorpenguinpopulationshaveneverbeensubjecttoextensivehunting,homeloss,overfishingorotherlocalanthropogenic(人為的)interactionsinthemodernera.Unusuallyforavertebrate(脊椎的)species,climatechangeisconsideredtheonlymajorfactorinfluencingtheirlong-termpopulationchange.Recenteffortstopredictemperorpenguinpopulationtrendsfromforecastsofseaicelosshavepaintedadarkpicture,showingthatifpresentratesofwarmingpersist,over90%ofthegroupswillbeextinctbytheendofthiscentury.Itisanotherwarningsignforhumanitythatwecannotcontinuedownthispath,andthatpoliticiansmustacttominimisetheeffectofclimatechange.Thereisnotimeleft.8.Whendoemperorpenguinsusuallyhatch?A.FromMaytoJune. B.FromJulytoAugust.C.Inthemonthsofsummer. D.Inthemonthsofautumn.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Antarcticseaicelossisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.B.Antarcticseaicelossisobviouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.C.Antarcticseaicelossreached100%inNovember2022.D.Antarcticseaicelossmakesemperorpenguinsindanger.10.WhichhasthemaineffectonEmperorpenguinpopulations?A.Hunting. B.Homeloss. C.Overfishing. D.Climatechange.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SeaIceLossandEcosystemDestructionB.UnderstandingEmperorPenguinGroupsC.TheEffectofLossofSeaIceonPenguinsD．TheImportanceofStoppingClimateChange〖答案〗8.B9.A10.D11.C【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了由于全球變暖，南極海冰不斷融化，帝企鵝賴以生存的環(huán)境受到很大威脅，它們很難完成后代繁殖，在未來(lái)幾十年可能面臨滅絕?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“EmperorpenguinsaredependentonstableseaicewheretheylayeggsinAntarcticwinterfromMaytoJune.Eggshatchafter65days(帝企鵝依靠穩(wěn)定的海冰在南極的冬季5月到6月產(chǎn)卵。65天后孵化)”可知，帝企鵝通常在產(chǎn)卵65天后孵化，也就是在7月到8月之間。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Since2016,Antarcticahasseenthefouryearswiththelowestseaiceextentsinthe45-yearsatelliterecord,withthetwolowestyearsin2021/22and2022/23.Between2018and2022,30%ofthe62knownemperorpenguingroupsinAntarcticawereaffectedbypartortotalseaiceloss....Currentscientificevidencesuggeststhatextremeseaicelosseventslikethiswillbecomemorefrequentandwidespread.(自2016年以來(lái)，南極洲經(jīng)歷了45年衛(wèi)星記錄中海冰面積最低的四年，其中最低的兩年是2021/22年和2022/23年。在2018年至2022年期間，南極62個(gè)已知帝企鵝群體中有30%受到部分或全部海冰融化的影響。……目前的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，像這樣的極端海冰損失事件將變得更加頻繁和廣泛)”可知，目前南極洲海冰面積創(chuàng)歷史新低，影響了帝企鵝群體，且這一趨勢(shì)將持續(xù)，極端海冰損失事件將變得更頻繁和廣泛。因此，本段主要講了南極海冰的損失越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Emperorpenguinpopulationshaveneverbeensubjecttoextensivehunting,homeloss,overfishingorotherlocalanthropogenic(人為的)interactionsinthemodernera.Unusuallyforavertebrate(脊椎的)species,climatechangeisconsideredtheonlymajorfactorinfluencingtheirlong-termpopulationchange.(在現(xiàn)代，帝企鵝的數(shù)量從未受到大規(guī)模狩獵、家園喪失、過(guò)度捕撈或其他當(dāng)?shù)厝藶橐蛩氐挠绊憽２煌瑢こ５氖?，氣候變化被認(rèn)為是影響脊椎動(dòng)物種群長(zhǎng)期變化的唯一主要因素)”可知，氣候變化是影響帝企鵝數(shù)量的主要因素。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Anewstudydiscussedthehighprobabilitythatnochickshadsurvivedfromfourofthefivemonitored(監(jiān)測(cè))emperorpenguingroupsinAntarctic.Thesatelliteimagesshowedthelossofseaiceatbreeding(繁殖)sites,wellbeforechickswouldhavedevelopedwaterprooffeathers.(一項(xiàng)新的研究討論了在南極被監(jiān)測(cè)的五個(gè)帝企鵝群中，有四個(gè)很可能沒(méi)有小企鵝存活下來(lái)。衛(wèi)星圖像顯示，在雛鳥(niǎo)長(zhǎng)出防水的羽毛之前，繁殖地的海冰就已經(jīng)消失了)”可知，文章主要介紹了由于全球變暖，南極海冰不斷融化，帝企鵝賴以生存的環(huán)境受到很大威脅，它們很難完成后代繁殖，在未來(lái)幾十年可能面臨滅絕。因此，C項(xiàng)“海冰減少對(duì)企鵝的影響”符合文章大意，最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DNewresearchexaminedthevideogaminghabitsof160public-schoolpreteenstudents(70%fromlowerincomehouseholds),whichrepresentsanagegrouplessstudiedinpreviousresearch.Participatingstudentsreportedplayingvideogamesanaverageof2.5hoursdaily,withthegroup’sheaviestgamersputtinginasmuchas4.5hourseachday.Theteamlookedforassociationbetweenthestudents’videogameplayandtheirperformanceonthestandardizedCognitiveAbilityTest7,knownasCogAT,whichevaluateslanguage,quantitativeandnon-languageskills.CogATwaschosenasastandardmeasure,incontrasttotheteacher-reportedgradesorself-reportedlearningassessmentsthatpreviousresearchprojectsreliedon.Overall,neithertimeofplaynorchoiceofvideogametypeshadobviousconnectionswiththeCogATmeasures.Thatresultshowednodirectlinkagebetweenvideogameplayingandcognitive(認(rèn)知的)performance,despitewhathadbeenassumed.Butthestudyshowedanothersideoftheissue,too.Certaintypesofgamesdescribedtohelpchildrenbuildhealthycognitiveskillsalsopresentednomeasurableeffects,inspiteofthegamesmarketingmessages.Thecurrentstudyfoundthattypesofgameplaythatseemtoimprovecognitivefunctionsinyoungadultsdon’thavethesameeffectonmuchyoungerchildren,whichwasconsistentwithpreviousresearch.Doesthismeantheworldcanplayon?Maybe,theresearchsuggests.Buttheexpertsalsowarnthatgamingtimetooktheheaviestplayersawayfromothermoreproductiveactivities—homework,tobespecific—inaprocesspsychologistscalldisplacement.Buteveninthosecases,thedifferenceswereslightbetweenthoseparticipants’andtheirpeers’CogATmeasuresofcognitiveabilities.Thestudyresultsshowparentsprobablydon’thavetoworrysomuchaboutcognitivefailuresamongvideogame-lovingchildren,uptofifthgrade.ReasonableamountsofvideogamingshouldbeOK,whichwillbedelightfulnewsforthekids.Atleastnowweunderstandthatfindingbalanceinchildhooddevelopmentisthekey,andthere’snoneedforustoover-worryaboutvideogaming.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthenewresearchmentionedinthetext?A.Reportedgradesaretheonlystandardmeasure.B.Poorerstudentsareeasiertohavegamingaddictions.C.Mostpreteenstudentsplayvideogames4.5hoursdaily.D.ThereislittledirectrelationbetweengameplayandCogATresults.13.Whichstatementdidthepreviousstudyalsoindicate?A.Typesofgameplaymattersinchildren’scognitivedevelopment.B.Youngadultsaremoreaddictivetogames.C.Parentshaven’ttakengames’marketingmessagesseriously.D.Videogamescanhavenoeffectonchildren’scognitivefunctions.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displacement”inparagraph5describe?A.Thechangeofpositionofgameplayers.B.Thetimeusageofgameplayers.C.Thehomeworkcompletionofgameplayers.D.Thesocialranksofgameplayers.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthemostimportantforchildren’sdevelopment?A.Interest. B.Imagination. C.Balance. D.Intelligence.〖答案〗12.D13.D14.B15.C【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)針對(duì)學(xué)齡前兒童的電子游戲習(xí)慣的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，游戲時(shí)間和游戲類型的選擇都與CogAT測(cè)量結(jié)果沒(méi)有明顯的聯(lián)系，因此在兒童五年級(jí)之前，父母可能不必太擔(dān)心喜歡電子游戲的孩子的認(rèn)知能力下降，平衡是兒童發(fā)展中的關(guān)鍵，沒(méi)有必要過(guò)度擔(dān)心電子游戲。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Overall,neithertimeofplaynorchoiceofvideogametypeshadobviousconnectionswiththeCogATmeasures.Thatresultshowednodirectlinkagebetweenvideogameplayingandcognitive(認(rèn)知的)performance,despitewhathadbeenassumed.(總的來(lái)說(shuō)，游戲時(shí)間和電子游戲類型的選擇都與CogAT測(cè)量結(jié)果沒(méi)有明顯的聯(lián)系。與之前的假設(shè)不同，這一結(jié)果表明玩電子游戲和認(rèn)知表現(xiàn)之間沒(méi)有直接聯(lián)系)”可知，根據(jù)新研究，玩電子游戲與CogAT結(jié)果之間幾乎沒(méi)有直接關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thecurrentstudyfoundthattypesofgameplaythatseemtoimprovecognitivefunctionsinyoungadultsdon’thavethesameeffectonmuchyoungerchildren,whichwasconsistentwithpreviousresearch.(目前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，似乎可以改善年輕人認(rèn)知功能的游戲類型對(duì)年齡更小的孩子沒(méi)有同樣的效果，這與之前的研究一致)”可知，之前的研究也表明，電子游戲?qū)和恼J(rèn)知功能沒(méi)有影響。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。displacement是定語(yǔ)從句中描述先行詞process的內(nèi)容，表示“心理學(xué)家們把這一過(guò)程稱為displacement”，再結(jié)合畫(huà)線詞的上文“Buttheexpertsalsowarnthatgamingtimetooktheheaviestplayersawayfromothermoreproductiveactivities—homework,tobespecific(但專家們也警告說(shuō)，玩游戲的時(shí)間會(huì)讓這些“重度玩家”遠(yuǎn)離其他更有成效的活動(dòng)，具體來(lái)說(shuō)就是家庭作業(yè))”可知，這一過(guò)程指的是“重度玩家”將時(shí)間分配給玩游戲，而非做家庭作業(yè)這樣的更有成效的活動(dòng)。因此，displacement描述的是游戲玩家的時(shí)間使用情況。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ReasonableamountsofvideogamingshouldbeOK,whichwillbedelightfulnewsforthekids.Atleastnowweunderstandthatfindingbalanceinchildhooddevelopmentisthekey,andthere’snoneedforustoover-worryaboutvideogaming.(適量的電子游戲是可以的，這對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)好消息。至少現(xiàn)在我們明白，在兒童發(fā)展中找到平衡是關(guān)鍵，我們沒(méi)有必要過(guò)度擔(dān)心電子游戲)”可知，作者認(rèn)為平衡對(duì)兒童發(fā)展是最重要的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LearnYourWater-crossingABCIfyouwanttosafelycrossabodyofwaterinthewilderness,youshouldknowyourwater-crossingABC’s.First,considerhowyouwillphysicallyaccessthewater.Lookforanentrypointthatoffersaneasyapproachtothewateritselfsoyourfirststepisn’ttheonethatsendsyouswimming.____16____Aclearpathwithouttoomuchdebris(碎片)willhelpgetyourcrossingofftoagoodstart.Next,considerthebottomoftheriverbedandwhatit’smadeof.Bigrockscanbeslipperyandeasiertomoveandshiftunderyourfeet,sotheyaren’tfitforsafecrossing.____17____Ifyoucan’twatchthebottomfromthebank,youshouldtakeacloserlookinashallow,slow-movingpartofthewater.There’salsothecurrenttoconsider.Todeterminespeed,throwastickintothewaterandwalkatyournormalspeedalongsideitonthebank.Ifthestickgoesaheadofyou,thewaterismovingtoofast,whichmeansit’snotsafetocrossthere.____18____Itisnecessarytotakeaccountofthedepth.Asarule,youwanttofindasafecrossingareawherethestreamonlycomesuptobelowyourknees.____19____Anditcaneasilyknockyouoffbalance,especiallyifthere’sacurrent.____20____Incaseyoufall,you’remorelikelytobesweptdownstream.Ifthere’sawaterfallnearby,fallenbranchesorlogs,stones,oranyobstacles(障礙)thatcouldtrapyouunderwaterorknockyouunconscious,pickanewplacetocross.Youmaynotalwaysfindtheperfectcrossingwhereallconditionsareperfect,butwithabitoftimeandeffort,youcanhopefullylocateanareawithabalanceyoufeelcomfortablewith.A.Startsearchingforadifferentspot.B.Preferashallowareawithoutasteepdrop-off.C.Youshouldalsobeawareofwhatawaitsahead.D.Predicthowthewaterwillchange.E.Asandorpebblewaterbedwillofferamorestablefooting.F.Youshouldcrosseverywaterwithcarefulness.G.Waterthatcomesabovethekneesismuchhardertowalkthrough.〖答案〗16.B17.E18.A19.G20.C【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了穿越水域時(shí)，需要知道的一些基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)該部分的主題句“First,considerhowyouwillphysicallyaccessthewater.(首先，考慮你將如何進(jìn)入水域)”和空格前的句子“Lookforanentrypointthatoffersaneasyapproachtothewateritselfsoyourfirststepisn’ttheonethatsendsyouswimming.(尋找一個(gè)容易接近水的入口，這樣你的第一步就不會(huì)讓你游泳了)”可知，此處是說(shuō)要選擇合適的地點(diǎn)進(jìn)入水域。所以，B項(xiàng)“Preferashallowareawithoutasteepdrop-off.(選擇沒(méi)有陡峭落差的淺水區(qū))”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)該部分的主題句“Next,considerthebottomoftheriverbedandwhatit’smadeof.(接下來(lái)，考慮一下河床的底部和它的構(gòu)成)”和空格前的句子“Bigrockscanbeslipperyandeasiertomoveandshiftunderyourfeet,sotheyaren’tfitforsafecrossing.(大石頭可能很滑，更容易在腳下移動(dòng)和移動(dòng)，所以它們不適合安全穿越)”可知，空格處的句子也應(yīng)該涉及到河床的構(gòu)成，所以E項(xiàng)“Asandorpebblewaterbedwillofferamorestablefooting.(沙或卵石河床將提供更穩(wěn)定的基礎(chǔ))”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Ifthestickgoesaheadofyou,thewaterismovingtoofast,whichmeansit’snotsafetocrossthere.(如果棍子走在你前面，說(shuō)明水流太快，這意味著過(guò)河不安全)”可知，因水流太快，過(guò)河不安全。所以應(yīng)該考慮選擇其它的地方過(guò)河。所以A項(xiàng)“Startsearchingforadifferentspot.(開(kāi)始尋找一個(gè)不同的地方)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】空格前的句子“Asarule,youwanttofindasafecrossingareawherethestreamonlycomesuptobelowyourknees.(一般來(lái)說(shuō)，你想要找到一個(gè)安全的過(guò)河區(qū)域，這里的水流只到你的膝蓋以下)”是說(shuō)，適合過(guò)河的水域，水深應(yīng)該在膝蓋一下；而空格后的句子“Anditcaneasilyknockyouoffbalance,especiallyifthere’sacurrent.(它很容易讓你失去平衡，尤其是有激流的時(shí)候)”卻說(shuō)，水流會(huì)讓你失去平衡，所以空格處的句子應(yīng)該是說(shuō)“水深超過(guò)膝蓋會(huì)怎么樣”，所以G項(xiàng)“Waterthatcomesabovethekneesismuchhardertowalkthrough.(膝蓋以上的水很難穿過(guò))”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】空格處是該部分的主題句。根據(jù)空格后的句子“Incaseyoufall,you’remorelikelytobesweptdownstream.Ifthere’sawaterfallnearby,fallenbranchesorlogs,stones,oranyobstacles(障礙)thatcouldtrapyouunderwaterorknockyouunconscious,pickanewplacetocross.(萬(wàn)一你掉下去，你更有可能被沖到下游。如果附近有瀑布、掉落的樹(shù)枝、木頭、石頭或任何可能把你困在水下或把你打暈的障礙物，那就換一個(gè)新的地方過(guò)河)”可知，該部分主要是說(shuō)“你應(yīng)該預(yù)知會(huì)發(fā)生什么事”，所以，C項(xiàng)“Youshouldalsobeawareofwhatawaitsahead.(你也應(yīng)該知道前方等待你的是什么)”填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Womeninatraditionalfamily,whetherworkornot,aren’tveryfortunatebecausetheymustdothehousework.Whyisthat____21____?Becauseyoucannevercooksomethingthateveryoneinthefamilywillbe____22____with.Everyonehastheirlikesanddislikeswhenitcomesto____23____.Youhaveto____24____whattocook,butyouwillneverbeabletosatisfyeveryone.Thistaskofcookingcausedmy____25____todropsomuchthatmostofthetimeIthoughtIwouldneverbeabletodoanythingwellenough.IwasalwayssureIcouldn’tdomyfavouritething,____26____,withthisfear.ThatwasuntilIreadthewordsofafamouswriter,“Forgetyour____27____audience.”Whathetaughtmeisthatinsteadof____28____alltheaudience,it’senoughtosatisfyjustoneperson.MaybehisadvicehasmoreordifferentcontentthanI____29____,butit’scompletely_____30_____forme.IfIweretocookonlyforoneperson,Icouldcooksomethingsheorhe_____31_____,andIwouldget_____32_____onmycookingatleastonce.Thesameis_____33_____forwriting.Iwroteashortstoryformysister,a_____34_____audiencethatdoesn’tscaremeandgivesmeenoughmotivationtowrite.Most_____35_____,itmademedowhatIlove,whichiswriting.21.A.unbelievable B.unlucky C.unknown D.uncommon22.A.bored B.familiar C.content D.popular23.A.cuisines B.lifestyles C.customs D.roles24.A.thinkabout B.leaveout C.payfor D.adaptto25.A.pressure B