山東省泰安市2017-2018學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

山東省泰安市20172018學(xué)年度下學(xué)期高二期末考試英語試題本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題。滿分150分,考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽力（百強(qiáng)校英語解析團(tuán)隊(duì)專供）（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.音頻Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Buysomething.B.Lookforthekey.C.Knockonthedoor.【答案】A【解析】【分析】此題為聽力題，解析略。【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。2.音頻Whenwillthemangototheshow?A.Tonight.B.TomorroweveningC.Thedayaftertomorrow.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！驹斀狻看祟}為聽力題，解析略。3.音頻Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thereissomethingwrongwiththeprinter.B.Thewomanisunabletoworktheprinter.C.Thereisprobablyapowerfailure.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此題為聽力題，解析略。【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。4.音頻Howarethepricesintherestaurant?A.Reasonable.B.High.C.Low.【答案】B【解析】【分析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！驹斀狻看祟}為聽力題，解析略。5.音頻Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hehasnopatiencetowaitforhiswife.B.Hecan’tseethesignclearly.C.He’sparkedinthewrongplace.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！驹斀狻看祟}為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。音頻6.Wheredidthewomanstayduringherholiday?A.Inahotel.B.Atafarmhouse.C.Attheircamp.7.Whatkindofweatherdidthewomanhaveduringherholiday?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Terrible.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。【7題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。音頻8.Howoldistheman?A.Fiftyyearsold.B.Fifty－threeyearsold.C.Sixty－threeyearsold.9.Whydoeshewanttosellthehouse?A.Becausethetownistoocrowded.B.Becausehisparentswanttoliveinit.C.Becausehewantstolivewithhischildren.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。音頻10.Whichlanguagedoesthemanwanttolearn?A.German.B.Spanish.C.Russian.11.Whatcanthemandoifhetakesthecourse?A.Gotoschoolbybike.B.Getachancetotravelabroad.C.Attendclassesindifferentplaces.12.Whatistheman’splanforThursdayafternoon?A.Toplaythepiano.B.Togotoamuseum.C.Toattendanartclass.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?0題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?1題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?2題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。音頻13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Frenchmusic.B.Frenchclothes.C.Frenchteens.14.Whatdoesthewomanliketodoinhersparetime?A.Studyfashiondesign.B.EnjoyFrenchsongs.C.Cookdinnerforherfamily.15.Whatdoesthewomanusuallyhaveforlunch?A.Hamburgers.B.Sandwiches.C.Chips.16.Whydoesthewomanlikethesilverjacket?A.It’sagift.B.It’spopular.C.It’sunique.【答案】13.C14.B15.B16.C【解析】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?3題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?4題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?5題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?6題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。音頻17.Whatdidtheneighborsplainabout?A.Thedog’swaste.B.Thedog’sbarking.C.Thedog’sattackingpeople.18.Howdidthedoggooutofthegarden?A.Bypressinghispawonthehandle.B.Bywaitinguntilthegateopeneditself.C.Bysittingthereandbarking.19.Whendidthedogprobablybeginhisnewbadhabit?A.Lastweek.B.Lastmonth.C.Lastyear.20.Whatcausedthedogtogetupsetanddisappear?A.Theremovingofthegate.B.Goingoutwithouthim.C.Thetiringtraining.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【解析】此題為聽力題，解析略。【17題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?8題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?9題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。【20題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解（百強(qiáng)校英語解析團(tuán)隊(duì)專供）（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAnAmericanpilotwhomadeanemergencylandingTuesdayaftertheplanelostanengineisbeingpraisedforher“nervesofsteel.”Thepilot,TammieJoSchults,wasflyingaSouthwestAirlinesplanefromNewYorkCitytoDallas,Texas,whentheengineblewandbrokeapart.ShelandedtheplanesafelyinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.Sharppiecesoftheenginestruckandbrokeoneoftheplane’swindows.Onepassengerdiedafterbeingpartlysuckedoutoftheplane.Thatpassenger,JenniferRiordan,wassittingnexttothewindowthatbroke.Sevenotherpeoplewerehurt.Schults,whois56yearsold,tooktheplaneintoafastdescent（降落）.Passengersusedoxygenmasksandpreparedfortheforceoflanding.Schults’clearthinkingduringahighpressuresituationhelpedsavemanylives.Schultsisfamiliarwithhighpressuresituations.ShegotherfirstflyingexperienceintheUnitedStatesNavy,touchingdownfighterplanesatspeedsof240kilometersperhour.ShewasoneofthefirstfemalefighterpilotsintheNavy.AstheReutersnewsagencyreports,Schultswantedtobeeapilotfromayoungage.InastoryonthefighterplaneblogF16.net,shesaidshetriedtoattendanaviation（航空）careerdayatherhighschool.Butshewastoldtheydidnotacceptgirls.AfterservingintheNavy,SchultsjoinedSouthwestAirlinesasapilot.Shestartedworkingtherein1993.OnTuesday,Schultscalmlytoldairtrafficcontrolthatpartofherplanewasmissing,andthatshewouldneedemergencyworkersonthegroundaftershelanded.PassengerspraisedSchultsforbeingcalmandcaringinanextremelydifficultsituation.Onepassenger,DianaMcBrideSelf,wroteonFacebook,“TammieJoSchults,thepilotcamebacktospeaktoeachofuspersonally.ThisisatrueAmericanHero...Ahugethankyouforherknowledge,guidanceandbravery…”21.Whichofthefollowingmightbethetitleofthepassage?A.WhatAvoidstheEngineBurst.B.HowtoBeeaFemalePilot.C.ADangerousFlightbyaFemalePilot.D.AFemalePilotPraisedforHerIronWill.22.WhatplaysmostimportantroleinSchults’successfullandingtheplane?A.Hergoodpreparationsfortheoxygenmasks.B.HerformerskillsandexperienceintheNavy.C.HerstoryonthefighterplaneblogF—16.net.D.Passengers’perfectcooperationandhelp.23.HowlonghasSchultsworkedfortheSouthwestAirlinessofar?A.Formorethan25years.B.Forlessthan20years.C.Formorethan30years.D.Forlessthan15years.24.Whichoffollowingmightbetheorderoftheevent?a.Schultscalmlytoldairtrafficcontrol.b.TheplanelandedsafelyinPhiladelphia.c.Partoftheplanewasmissing.d.Schultsfortedeachpassenger.A.c,a,d,bB.c,d,a,bC.c,a,b,dD.a,c,b,d【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇報(bào)道，講述的是美國女飛行員Schults在飛機(jī)引擎出故障后緊急迫降，她因“鋼鐵般的意志”而受到稱贊?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段首句AnAmericanpilotwhomadeanemergencylandingTuesdayaftertheplanelostanengineisbeingpraisedforher“nervesofsteel.”點(diǎn)明了本文主題，主要講述的是美國女飛行員Schults在飛機(jī)引擎出故障后緊急迫降，她因“鋼鐵般的意志”而受到稱贊。所以D項(xiàng)AFemalePilotPraisedforHerIronWill.表達(dá)了此意，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D.【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Schults’clearthinkingduringahighpressuresituationhelpedsavemanylives.Schultsisfamiliarwithhighpressuresituations.ShegotherfirstflyingexperienceintheUnitedStatesNavy,touchingdownfighterplanesatspeedsof240kilometersperhour.ShewasoneofthefirstfemalefighterpilotsintheNavy.可知Schults在高壓環(huán)境下的清晰思考，在美國海軍練就的高超技術(shù)使迫降成功。故選B.【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后AfterservingintheNavy,SchultsjoinedSouthwestAirlinesasapilot.Shestartedworkingtherein1993.可知Schults在1993年加入西南航空公司，在那已經(jīng)工作了25年，故選A.【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段OnTuesday,Schultscalmlytoldairtrafficcontrolthatpartofherplanewasmissing,andthatshewouldneedemergencyworkersonthegroundaftershelanded.和TammieJoSchults,thepilotcamebacktospeaktoeachofuspersonally.第一段whentheengineblewandbrokeapart.ShelandedtheplanesafelyinPhiladelphia,Pennsylvania.可知事件發(fā)生的經(jīng)過：首先是飛機(jī)發(fā)動機(jī)出故障，Schults平靜地聯(lián)系空中交通管制需要幫助，然后飛機(jī)平安迫降，最后Schults安慰每一位乘客。故選C.【點(diǎn)睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點(diǎn)的形容詞)。本文是一篇報(bào)道，往往文章開頭就點(diǎn)明主要內(nèi)容。小題1第一段首句AnAmericanpilotwhomadeanemergencylandingTuesdayaftertheplanelostanengineisbeingpraisedforher“nervesofsteel.”點(diǎn)明了本文主題，主要講述的是美國女飛行員Schults在飛機(jī)失去引擎后緊急迫降，她因“鋼鐵般的意志”而受到稱贊。所以D項(xiàng)AFemalePilotPraisedforHerIronWill.表達(dá)了此意，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。BWhenyougotothedoctor,youreceiveadiagnosis（診斷）andatreatment.However,withthecontinueduseoftechnologyinhealthcare,theprocessofdiagnosingandtreatingpatientshasbeenchanging.ArtificialIntelligence（AI）canhelpdoctorsanalyzeapatient’ssymptomsandofferthebesttreatment.Withnewadvancementsinmedicaltechnology,itmakesreceivingmedicalcarefasterandmoreaccurate.Technologypaniesprovidethedataanalyzingtoolsthatarenecessarytoanalyzetheefficiencyofthehealthcaresystem,whichmakesthecarebetterandmoreefficientandimprovesthequalityofcare.Technologyisalsobeingusedtohelppatientsachievetheirhealthgoalsaswellashelppatientswhendoctorsarenotpresent.Patientscanrelyonapps,trackers,andprogramstoremindthemtohavethemselveschecked,tracktheirsymptomsorcallforhelp.IntheUnitedStates,thecreationofAItechnologyhasdonebetterthanthatofothercountries.However,paredtosomecountrieslikeCanadainusingAIintothehealthcaresystem,theUnitedStateshasbungled.TherealityisthatAIisnotusedinmedicalcarebecauseofthehighcostsandthestructureofinsurance.Itistheprivatehealthcaresystemthatputsallthecostsonconsumersofhealthcare.Undoubtedly,usingmoretechnologyintohealthcarecanbebetterforthesystem.Itcanimproveefficiency,limiterrors,andcutdownwaitingtime.ButthehighcostofcreatingthistechnologycanmakeitdifficulttoprovideserviceineveryhospitalandhealthcareclinicintheUnitedStates.Italsochangesthepracticeofmedicine,makingitlesspersonalandmoreaboutthetechnology.Now,doctorswouldn’thavetorelyontheirownknowledgeandskillbutcouldturntorobotsandputersforhelporusebetterequipmenttohelpthemperformaprocedure.Asthemedicalfieldcontinuestochange,sowillthetechnologythatisusedinthemedicalfield,makingreceivingmedicalcareahighlyputerizedprocessthatcouldimprovethehealthofthepopulation.25.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Technologyischanginghealthcare.B.Technologymakesdiagnosismoreaccurate.C.Technologymakestheworkofdoctorsmorerelaxing.D.Technologybringsconveniencetopatientsanddoctors.26.What’stheresultofusingAIinthehealthcaresystem?A.Itbringsgreatprofitstothehospital.B.Itcanperformanoperationonpatientsalone.C.Itcanchangethetraditionalwayofhospitalmanagement.D.Itcanallowpatientstocheckthemselveswithoutthehelpofdoctors.27.Theunderlinedword“bungled”canbereplacedby““.A.agreedB.changedC.failedD.succeeded28.Whatcanusingtechnologyinhealthcarebringtodoctors?A.Itisdifficultforthemtooperateit.B.Itmakestheirjobsmuchmoreimportant.C.Itwillmakethemlosetheirjobsverysoon.D.Itmakesthemrelylessontheirknowledgeandskill.【答案】25.A26.D27.C28.D【解析】【分析】隨著醫(yī)療技術(shù)的不斷應(yīng)用，科技給醫(yī)療帶來了很大改變。文章列舉了科技給醫(yī)療帶來的方便和幫助及實(shí)際運(yùn)用中存在的問題。【25題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段withthecontinueduseoftechnologyinhealthcare,theprocessofdiagnosingandtreatingpatientshasbeenchanging.可知隨著醫(yī)療技術(shù)的不斷應(yīng)用，診斷和治療病人的過程也在不斷變化。下文是醫(yī)療中的具體運(yùn)用，全文都在介紹科技給醫(yī)療帶來的改變。故選A.【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Technologyisalsobeingusedtohelppatientsachievetheirhealthgoalsaswellashelppatientswhendoctorsarenotpresent.Patientscanrelyonapps,trackers,andprogramstoremindthemtohavethemselveschecked,tracktheirsymptomsorcallforhelp.可知科技可以在醫(yī)生不在場時(shí)幫助病人，患者可以依靠應(yīng)用程序、追蹤器和程序來提醒自己進(jìn)行檢查、跟蹤癥狀或求助。故選D.【27題詳解】猜測詞義題。根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容可知現(xiàn)實(shí)情況是，人工智能不被用于醫(yī)療保健，因?yàn)槌杀靖吆捅ｋU(xiǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)。是私人醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)將所有的成本轉(zhuǎn)嫁到消費(fèi)者身上。由此可知上句指的是：與一些使用人工智能進(jìn)入醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)的國家如加拿大相比，美國已經(jīng)搞砸了?！癰ungled”指搞砸，弄糟，與failed同義，故選C.【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Now,doctorswouldn’thavetorelyontheirownknowledgeandskillbutcouldturntorobotsandputersforhelporusebetterequipmenttohelpthemperformaprocedure.可知醫(yī)療上使用技術(shù)，醫(yī)生不必依賴自己的知識和技能，但可以求助于機(jī)器人和電腦，或者使用更好的設(shè)備幫助他們進(jìn)行手術(shù)。故選D.【點(diǎn)睛】詞義猜測題要根據(jù)詞、詞組、句子所在的語境上下文來判斷其意義。因此熟練掌握一些猜詞技巧是做好這類題的關(guān)鍵。下面結(jié)合近幾年高考試題，對詞義猜測的技巧加以解讀。1.根據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測有時(shí)短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需要猜測其意義的詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義的主要依據(jù)。例如：Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.從后面thatis(也就是說)的解釋中我們可以了解到brittle是“脆”的意思。2.根據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測閱讀中出現(xiàn)的難詞有時(shí)后面緊跟一個(gè)同位語，對前面的詞進(jìn)行解釋，這時(shí)可利用同位關(guān)系對前面或后面的詞義或句意進(jìn)行猜測。例如：The“Chunnel”,atunnel(隧道)connectingEnglandandFrance,isnowplete.此句中atunnelconnectingEnglandandFrance是Chunnel的同位語。因此，The“Chunnel”就是英法之間的海底隧道。3.根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等)進(jìn)行猜測在英語中，有很多詞可以在前面加前綴，在后面加后綴，從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)詞，乍看起來，這個(gè)詞可能是新詞，但掌握了一定的構(gòu)詞知識，就不難猜出它的詞義。例如：“Ourpartiesareaimedforchildren2to10,”Anacleriosaid,“andthey’reveryinteractiveandcreativeinthattheybuiltasenseofdramabasedonasubject.”文中interactive是由前綴inter(相互的)和active(活動的，活躍的)而構(gòu)成的，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的意思可以判斷，該詞的含義應(yīng)是“互動的”。4.根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測根據(jù)上下句的連接詞，如but,however,otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意義上的差別，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。另外，分號也可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對比或不相干的意義。例如：Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun.從前后兩句的意思可以看出，hassle和abasketoffun肯定是近乎相反的意義。所以不難判斷hassle的意思是“困難，麻煩”。C“AnywheretheyplayinBangkok,I’llbethere,”saidWarinNithihiranyakul,73,adedicatedfanoftheSaiYongHongChineseOperatroupe（劇團(tuán)）formorethan10years.Whilewaitingforhisfriendstoarrive,hehelpsoutbystartingtosetupplasticredchairsfortheaudiencetowatchtheevening’sperformanceinanareajustsouthofBangkok’sChinatown.Adevoteeof11years,WandeeTengyodwanich,62,saysthatSaiYongHongisthebestChineseoperainThailandbecauseitinvestsinverysplendidcostumes.Sheandherfriendsgotoseethegroupacoupleoftimesayear.TheyeatandcatchupastheyrecallthefirsttimetheysawChineseoperaaschildren.TheyarepartofashrinkingmunityofpeoplethathasformedaroundChineseoperainThailand.Theyarepreservingacornerstoneofcultureandheritage（遺產(chǎn)）datingtotheseventhcenturyTangDynasty,makingitoneoftheoldestdramaticartformsintheworld.LikesomuchofChineseoperathroughouttheworld,theperformancesareaproductofalargeChinesemigration.SaiYongHongisoneofabout20ChineseoperatroupesinThailand.TheaudienceconsistsmostlyofolderThaiChineseadults,someofwhomtaketheirgrandchildrentoconnectwithaculturalmemorythathasbeenpasseddownforgenerations.ChinesemigrationtoThailandcanbetracedtothe13thcentury.Todayabout14percentofthepopulationisethnically（人種上）Chinese,makingThailandthehomeofoneoftheworld’slargestChinesemunitiesoutsideChina.Formanyoftheactors,thestageishome.Womencouldnoteventouchtheshrine（神龕）,onlymenwereallowed;nowthewholeindustryhaschanged.Asthemunityagesandaudiencesdecrease,thereisafearthattheartwilldieout.Performersfaceuncertainfutures.Mr.Tatchai,whoisChineseandThai,hasbeenintheindustrysincehewas7.Hehasseenthechangesaswell,andhesaidhethoughttheindustrywouldcontinuetogetsmallerbutwouldnotgoaway.“AslongasChineseshrinesexistandpeoplecontinuepraying,”hesaid,“theChineseoperawillbehere.”29.WhatimpressedWandeemostonSaiYongHong?A.Itsfortableservice.B.Itslonghistory.C.Itswonderfulcostumes.D.Itsenormousdedicatedfans.30.ItcanbeinferredthatChineseoverseasusually.A.basicallyforgettheirnativeculturesB.trytobringoverseaculturebacktohometownC.forbidtheiroffspringtoseeChineseoperaD.spreadtraditionaldramaticartsglobally31.What’sMr.Tatchai’sattitudeonthefutureoftheChineseopera?A.Pessimistic.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Neutral.【答案】29.C30.D31.C【解析】文章介紹了中國戲劇在泰國的演出情況，受歡迎度和前景?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Adevoteeof11years,WandeeTengyodwanich,62,saysthatSaiYongHongisthebestChineseoperainThailandbecauseitinvestsinverysplendidcostumes.可知Wandee認(rèn)為SaiYongHong是泰國最好的京劇，因?yàn)樗膽蚍浅ＨA麗。給她印象最深的是精美的服裝，故選C.【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Theyarepreservingacornerstoneofcultureandheritage（遺產(chǎn)）datingtotheseventhcenturyTangDynasty,makingitoneoftheoldestdramaticartformsintheworld.TheaudienceconsistsmostlyofolderThaiChineseadults,someofwhomtaketheirgrandchildrentoconnectwithaculturalmemorythathasbeenpasseddownforgenerations可知海外的華人們在用各種方式保護(hù)和傳承著中國傳統(tǒng)戲劇藝術(shù)，故選D.【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段.最后一段hethoughttheindustrywouldcontinuetogetsmallerbutwouldnotgoaway.“AslongasChineseshrinesexistandpeoplecontinuepraying,”“theChineseoperawillbehere”.可知Mr.Tatchai認(rèn)為中國戲劇行業(yè)將繼續(xù)縮小，但不會消失。只要中國的神龕還存在，人們還在祈禱，中國戲曲就會繼續(xù)存在。他是樂觀的態(tài)度，故選C.DAwhileago,peopleusedtobelievethatonlyhumanscanusetools—butJaneGoodallshowedthathumansaren’ttheonlyonestodoso.We’vesincefoundseveralspeciesthatbuildandusetheirowntools.Then,manythoughtthatit’sourculturalandfamilytiesthatseparateusfromtheanimals.Actually,that’snottrueeither.Severalotherspecies,includingwhales,haveshownimportantculturalbehaviors.Researchershavefoundthatrelatedwhalesreturnedtothesamelocationsyearafteryear,anddecadeafterdecade,passingtheinformationfromonegenerationtothenext.Researchersanalyzedthestructureofthebelugawhalesociety,findingthatmigratorycultureisinherited（繼承）.Furthermore,thisculturalinheritancemaintainsthefamilytiesofbelugawhales.Thisculturallegacy（遺傳）issopowerfulthatsometravelasfaras6,000kilometerseachyear.“Whatinterestedusmostwaswhetherparticularwhalesreturnedtowheretheywerebornorgrewupandifthiswasaninheritedbehavior,”saidGregO’CorryCrowe,Ph.D.,leadauthorandaresearchprofessoratFAU’sHarborBranch.“Theonlywaythatwecoulddefinitivelyanswerthesequestionswastofindandtrackcloserelativesfromoneyeartothenextandonedecadetothenext.”Researchersalsofoundthatbelugawhalesexhibitanimpressivelybroadrangeofvocalrepertoiresandacousticsystems（復(fù)雜的聲音體系）whichsuggeststhattheyformplexinterpersonalrelationships.Theyliketohangoutinthethousandsnearshoreduringthesummerwhentheicemelts.Eventually,researchershopethatthiswillnotonlyenableustobetterunderstandthesesurprisinglyplexspeciesbutalsodevelopbetterwaystoprotecttheminthefaceofachangingenvironment—thepolarregions,wherethebelugawhaleslive,areextremelyexposedtoclimatechange.“Findingsfromourstudyareexpandingourunderstandingofhowplicatednonprimate（非靈長類）societiescanbeandhowimportantcultureisforthesurvivalofthesespecies,”saidO’CorryCrowe.“Ourfindingsalsowillinfluenceourthinkingintermsofhowpopulationsandspeciesaregoingtoadapttodramaticenvironmentalchanges.Therearefewplaceswherethisismoreurgentthanintherapidlychangingpolarregions.”32.Accordingtothepassage,whalesusually.A.producetheirtoolsB.usetheirowntoolsC.livenearthecoastD.havetheirculturalties33.Itcanbeinferredthatmigratoryculturehas.A.ashortandinsignificanteffectonbelugawhalesB.inheritedfromthestructureofbelugawhalesocietyC.alongandfarreachingeffectonbelugawhalesD.attractedbelugawhalestoseveralfixedlocations34.What’sthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Tofindbelugawhales’behaviors.B.Tofindbelugawhales’acousticsystems.C.Tofindbelugawhales’interpersonalrelationships.D.Tobetterunderstandandprotectbelugawhales.35.WhydoesO’CorryCroweconsideriturgenttounderstandbelugawhales’adaptiontotheirsurroundings?A.Becauseoftheverysophisticatednonprimatesocieties.B.Becauseoftherapidenvironmentalchangesinpolarregions.C.Becauseofthemisunderstandingofbelugawhales’migrations.D.Becauseofthetoofardistanceforbelugawhalestomigrate.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.B【解析】通過對白鯨遷徙文化的研究，我們能更好地理解這些復(fù)雜物種，開發(fā)出更好的方法來在變化的環(huán)境中保護(hù)它們?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Researchersanalyzedthestructureofthebelugawhalesociety,findingthatmigratorycultureisinherited（繼承）.Furthermore,thisculturalinheritancemaintainsthefamilytiesofbelugawhales.和第三段Whatinterestedusmostwaswhetherparticularwhalesreturnedtowheretheywerebornorgrewupandifthiswasaninheritedbehavior可知白鯨的遷徙文化維持了白鯨的家族關(guān)系。故選D.【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段relatedwhalesreturnedtothesamelocationsyearafteryear,anddecadeafterdecade,passingtheinformationfromonegenerationtothenext.和thisculturalinheritancemaintainsthefamilytiesofbelugawhales.Thisculturallegacy（遺傳）issopowerfulthatsometravelasfaras6,000kilometerseachyear.鯨年復(fù)一年地回到相同的地點(diǎn)，十年又十年，把信息從一代傳到下一代，并且這種文化遺傳力量非常大。由此可知這種遷徙文化對鯨魚產(chǎn)生了長久且深遠(yuǎn)的影響。故選C.【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段researchershopethatthiswillnotonlyenableustobetterunderstandthesesurprisinglyplexspeciesbutalsodevelopbetterwaystoprotecttheminthefaceofachangingenvironment可知研究白鯨遷徙文化的目的是為了使我們能夠更好地理解這些令人驚訝的復(fù)雜物種，同時(shí)也開發(fā)出更好的方法來在變化的環(huán)境中保護(hù)它們。故選D.【35題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后“Ourfindingsalsowillinfluenceourthinkingintermsofhowpopulationsandspeciesaregoingtoadapttodramaticenvironmentalchanges.Therearefewplaceswherethisismoreurgentthanintherapidlychangingpolarregions.”可知O’CorryCrowe認(rèn)為我們迫切需要了解白鯨對周圍環(huán)境的適應(yīng)能力是因?yàn)闃O地地區(qū)的變化太迅速。故選B.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhenIwasakid,thethingIenjoyedmostaboutNewYearsEvewastryingtostayawakeuntilmidnight.___36___However,IusuallyfellasleepbeforetheNewYeararrived.Itwasn’tuntilmy10thbirthdaythatIreachedthefinishlineandwasabletocheerwiththerestofthefamily.WhenIwokeupthenextmorning,mymomaskedmeifIwantedtomakeaNewYear’sresolution（決心要做的事）.___37___Aftersheexplainedittome,IsaidIwouldtrytofightlesswithmyolderbrother.Thisgotmeasmileandapatontheheadfrommymom.Unfortunately,theresolutionlastedonlyuntildinnertime.___38___ANewYear’sresolutionisadecisiontodoornotdosomethinginordertoacplishapersonalgoalorbreakahabit.ItesatatimewhenpeoplelookbackatthepastyearandmakeanefforttoimprovethemselvesastheNewYearbegins.___39___Kidsmakeresolutionstogetalongbetterwithothersortodotheirhomeworkrightaway.RememberthatittakesworktokeepaNewYear’sresolution.___40___Aslongasyoustaymittedtowhatyouwanttoacplish,you’llbeproudofyourselfintheend.Andyou’llbeabetterpersonattheendoftheyearthanyouwereatthebeginning!A.Myparentsdidn’tforcemetogotobedearly.B.IhadnoideawhataNewYear’sresolutionwas.C.Don’tworryifyoufailtomakeitonceortwice.D.Bekindtoyourfriends,teachersandfamilymembers.E.YoucanconsiderthefollowingNewYearresolutions.F.AdultsoftenmakeNewYear’sresolutionstoloseweightorexercisemore.G.ThereasonisthatmybrotherandIgotintoanargumentaboutwhowouldsetthetable.【答案】36.A37.B38.G39.F40.C【解析】作者由童年時(shí)制定新年計(jì)劃的故事，介紹了不同年齡段不同的新年計(jì)劃，告訴我們要想實(shí)現(xiàn)新年計(jì)劃就要為之努力?！?6題詳解】上句介紹小時(shí)候除夕夜最喜歡做的事就是熬夜到午夜，下句講述然而，我通常在新年到來之前就睡著了。A項(xiàng)：我的父母沒有強(qiáng)迫我早睡，與上句連接，與下句形成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選A.【37題詳解】上句講述除夕的第二天早上醒來，媽媽問我是否要制定一個(gè)新年計(jì)劃。下句講述在媽媽向我解釋之后，我說我會盡量少和我哥哥吵架。B項(xiàng)：我不知道新年計(jì)劃是什么，承上啟下，故選B.【38題詳解】上文講述我告訴媽媽新年計(jì)劃是盡量少和哥哥吵架，不幸的是，這個(gè)決定只持續(xù)到晚餐時(shí)間。G項(xiàng)：原因是我哥哥和我就誰來擺桌子發(fā)生了爭論。講述了和哥哥吵架的原因，故選G.【39題詳解】上文講述了什么是新年計(jì)劃，下句：孩子們下定決心要更好地與他人相處，或者馬上做家庭作業(yè)，是孩子們的新年計(jì)劃。F項(xiàng)：成年人通常會制定新年計(jì)劃來減肥或多運(yùn)動。與孩子們的新年計(jì)劃對應(yīng)，故選F.【40題詳解】本段講述完成新年計(jì)劃需要決心和努力，只要你對自己想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)盡職盡責(zé)，最終你會為自己感到驕傲。C項(xiàng)：如果你失敗了一兩次，不要擔(dān)心。與我們要堅(jiān)持呼應(yīng)，符合本段內(nèi)容。故選C.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（百強(qiáng)校英語解析團(tuán)隊(duì)專供）（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。“Nanee!”ThewordsshockedmeasIwaslyingonmybed,readingabook.Iputthebookdownandlooked___41___.Myyoungestson,Caseywassmilingdownonme.Hewas24yearsold___42___hissevereautism（自閉癥）hadlefthimwiththe___43___ofaverysmallchild.Hedidn’ttalkmuchandhiswordswereso___44___thateverytimehesaidsomethingitwasagreat___45___forme.Hewaspointingtothe___46___onmywallofmygrandma’s90thbirthparty.Wehad___47___calledher“Nanny”sinceIwasasmallchild.AndIusedtotakeCaseyandmyotherchildrento___48___herwhentheywereyoung.They’d___49___herpanyandherfunnystories,especiallyCasey.Aftershe___50___,healwayspointedatherpicture,smiling.Therewassomethingmore,however,thanjusthim___51___herandpointingatherpicture.ThereweretimeswhenIcouldseehimstaringovermyshoulderandsmiling.WhenIturnedaround___52___wasthere,buthewouldstill___53___andsay“nanee!”Afterawhile,I___54___maybemygrandmawaskeepinganeyeonmyspecialson.Itwas___55___formetothinkthatshewaswatchingoverhim.OrmaybeinCasey’sworld,mygrandmawasstillaliveandhecouldfeelherlove.Wejust___56___this“special”ability,likeCasey,tofeelherlove.Intoday’sworld,wewereso___57___withspecificproblemsandtasksofoureverydaylifeandwemight___58___thattheyareonlyasmallpartofourlife.Sometimesweshould___59___toenjoyourlifewithour___60___insteadofoursenseandmakepeoplearoundussmilebysharingallofourhappiness,kindnessandlove.41.A.overB.upC.downD.out42.A.andB.forC.butD.until43.A.mindB.attitudeC.interestD.habit44.A.reasonableB.importantC.impressiveD.limited45.A.worryB.rewardC.reliefD.joy46.A.pictureB.statueC.figureD.shadow47.A.justB.alwaysC.neverD.seldom48.A.entertainB.attendC.helpD.visit49.A.enjoyB.missC.avoidD.refuse50.A.brokedownB.calledbackC.passedawayD.gaveup51.A.pleasingB.disturbingC.rememberingD.ignoring52.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything53.A.laughB.listenC.whisperD.imagine54.A.admittedB.realizedC.claimedD.doubted55.A.discouragingB.amusingC.thrillingD.forting56.A.desiredB.lackedC.acceptedD.appreciated57.A.carefulB.patientC.occupiedD.satisfied58.A.noticeB.confirmC.considerD.forget59.A.stopB.continueC.beginD.decide60.A.eyesB.intentionsC.heartsD.feelings【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.D45.D46.A47.B48.D49.A50.C51.C52.B53.A54.B55.D56.B57.C58.D59.A60.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇故事?；甲蚤]癥智商低的兒子總能感受到奶奶的存在和愛，而我們卻忽略了這一點(diǎn)。我們應(yīng)該用心去享受生活。【41題詳解】考查介詞辨析。A.over越過；B.up在…之上；C.down往下；D.out向。此處指我躺在床上時(shí)聽到了一個(gè)令我吃驚的聲音，我放下書往上看。因?yàn)槲沂翘稍诖采纤允峭峡?，故選B.【42題詳解】考查連詞辨析。A.and和；B.for為；C.but但是；D.until直到。兒子已經(jīng)24歲了，但是嚴(yán)重的自閉癥讓他的智力還像一個(gè)孩子。前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C.【43題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.mind智力；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.interest興趣；D.habit習(xí)慣。此處指兒子由于自閉癥智力還像一個(gè)孩子，指智力，智商，故選A.【44題詳解