2023-2024學(xué)年云南省迪慶州高二（上）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2023-2024學(xué)年云南省迪慶州高二（上）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，共37.5分。AThere'snolackoffamilyfuninNewYorkCity，especiallywhenyouandyourfamilyvisitthemanyamazingmuseumsforkids.Everysiteofferssomethingexciting.Ifyou'relookingtoenjoyaweekendoradayoffschool，trythefollowingmuseumsforkids.

Children'sMuseumofManhattan

Thisnearly40，000-square-footmuseummakeslearningaboutcultureandscienceanenjoyableexperienceforkids.Italsohostsclassesandworkshopswhicharealldesignedwiththelatestchild-developmentresearchinmind.

BrooklynChildren'sMuseum

Whenfoundedin1899，theBCMwasthecountry'sfirstmuseumdesignedforchildren.Today，it'soneofthemostcomprehensive（綜合性的）museums，withacollectionof30，000objects，includingmusicalinstruments，masks，dollsandfossils.Kidshavefunwhilelearningatinteractive（互動(dòng)的）exhibitionslike"WorldBrooklyn"，aminicitylinedbystoreswherechildrencanmakebreadattheMexicanBakery，orshopforcandyattheInternationalGrocery.

DiMennaChildren'sMuseum

Exhibitionsandprogramsatthiskid-focusedNew-YorkHistoricalSocietytransportchildrenbackthrough350yearsofU.S.history.Galleriesshowthelivesofkidswhogrewuptobecomefamousdoctors，athletesandpoliticalfigures，andLittleNew-Yorkersclassesinvitekidstojoininsing-alongsandmakecrafts.

Children'sMuseumoftheArts

Thismuseumisespeciallydesignedforkidssothattheycantravelaroundtheartworld.The10，000-square-footmuseumhasmoreroomtohouseits2，000-piececollectionofinternationalchildren'sart，includinghugecentergallery.Artistsleadworkshopsinclassrooms，studiosandmedialabs-whicharefamousforasoundstation，aclaybarandthevideo-makingequipment.1.WhatcanchildrendoinChildren'sMuseumofManhattan？______A.Explorecultureandsciencewithpleasure.

B.Makebreadatthemuseumbythemselves.

C.Carryoutresearchesonchilddevelopment.

D.Designclassesandworkshopsontheirown.2.WhichmuseumismainlyconnectedtoAmericanhistory？______A.Children'sMuseumofmanhattan. B.BrooklynChildren'sMuseum.

C.DiMennaChildren'sMuseum. D.Children'sMuseumoftheArts.3.WhatisChildren'sMuseumoftheArtsdesignedtodo？______A.Tohelpchildrenexploretheartworld.

B.Todevelopchildren'sartisticexpression.

C.Tohouseinternationalartists'famousworks.

D.Tohelpchildrenlearnartcreationsfromartists.BManyyearsago，mydadwasfacingaseriousheartcondition.Hewasunabletoworkasteadyjob.Hefellsuddenlyillandhadtobeadmittedtothehospital.

Hewantedtodosomethingtokeephimselfbusy，sohedecidedtovolunteeratthelocalchildren'shospital.Mydadlovedkids.Itwastheperfectjobforhim.Heendedupworkingwiththeseriouslyillchildren.Hewouldtalk，play，anddoartswiththem.

Oneofhiskidswasagirlwithararediseasethatparalyzed（癱瘓）herfromtheneckdown.Shecouldn'tdoanything，andshewasverydepressed.Mydaddecidedtotrytohelpher.Hestartedvisitingherinherroom，bringingpaints，brushesandpaper.Hestoodthepaperup，putthepaintbrushinhismouthandbegantopaint.Hedidn'tusehishandsatall.Allthewhilehewouldtellher，"See，youcandoanythingyousetyourmindto."

Attheendoftheday，shebegantopaintusinghermouth，andsheandmydadbecamefriends.Soonafter，thelittlegirlwassenthomebecausethedoctorsfelttherewasnothingelsetheycoulddoforher.Mydadalsoleftthechildren'shospitalforalittlewhilebecausehebecameill.Sometimelateraftermydadhadrecoveredandreturnedtowork，incamethelittlegirlwhohadbeenparalyzed，onlythistimeshewaswalking.Sheranstraightovertomydadandhuggedhimreallytight.Shegavehimapictureshehaddoneusingherhands.Atthebottomitread："Thankyouforhelpingmewalk."

Mydadwouldcryeverytimehetoldusthisstoryandsowouldwe.Hewouldsaysometimesloveismorepowerfulthandoctors，andmydad–whodiedjustafewmonthsafterthelittlegirlgavehimthepicture–lovedeverysinglechildinthathospital.4.Theauthor'sfatherworkedatthelocalhospitalto______.A.easehisseriousheartcondition B.realizehischildhooddream

C.earnmoneytopayfortreatment D.keephimselfoccupiedandhappy5.Howdidtheauthor'sfatherhelptheparalyzedlittlegirl？______A.Heshowedhershecouldstilldothings.

B.Hepaintedspecialpicturesforher.

C.Hehelpedherpractisewalking.

D.Hevisitedherandmadeatoyforher.6.Accordingtoparagraph4，theparalyzedgirl______.A.eventuallybecameauniquepainter

B.graduallyrecoveredandwalked

C.wassenthomeandneverseenagain

D.senthimapicturepaintedwithhermouth7.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey？______A.Asickpersonshouldnotfocusonhisdisease.

B.Volunteeringisaworthwhilethingtodo.

C.Lovecansometimesbringgreatresults.

D.It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.CTheideaoflowmaterialdesire，lowconsumptionandrefusingtowork，marryandhavechildren，concludedasa"lyingdown"lifestyle，recentlystruckachordwithmanyyoungChineseeagertopausetobreatheinthisfast-pacedandhighly-competitivesociety.

Manymillennials（千禧一代）andgenerationZscomplainedtotheGlobalTimesthatburdens，includingworkstress，familydisputesandfinancialpressures，havepushedthem"againstthewall".Theysaidtheyhatethe"involution（內(nèi)卷），"jokingthattheywouldrathergiveupsomeofwhattheyhavethangettrappedinanendlesscompetitionagainstpeers.

"Insteadofalwaysfollowingthe'virtues'ofstruggle，toleranceandsacrificetobearthestresses，theypreferatemporarylyingdownasreleaseandadjustment，"saidascholar."Nowonderthatsomeyoungpeople，underthegrowingpressuresfromchild-raisingtopayingthemortgage（按揭）today，wouldtrytoliveinasimplewayandleavetheworriesbehind."

Interestingly，mostofthemacknowledgedthattheyonlyacceptatemporarylyingdownasashortrest.Itistruethatwiththegreatimprovementoflivingconditions，someChineseyouthhavepartiallylostthespiritofhardshipandarenotwillingtobeartoomuchhardwork.Butactually，lyingdownisnotentirelycomfortable.Youngpeoplewholiedownalwaysfeelguiltyoftheirconstantlossofmorale（士氣）farbeyondtheirreach.

"Youngpeopleoncampushavebothambitionsandconfusionabouttheirfuture，butmostofushaverejectedsettingourselvesupinchainstowasteopportunitiesandchallenges，"apostgraduatestudenttoldtheGlobalTimes."It'snouserunningaway.Ihaveto'standup'andfacetherealitysoonerorlater."8.Accordingtoparagraph1，whichonecanbecalled"lyingdown"lifestyle？______A.Thepeoplewhodesiretofindahusband.

B.Thepeoplewhoarefondofshopping.

C.Thepeoplewhorefusetodeliverbabies.

D.Thepeoplewhoareaddictedtowork.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheburdenmanymillennialsfacing？______A.workpressure B.endlesscompetition

C.familyconflicts D.economicpressures10.What'sthescholar'sattitudetowardthe"lyingdown"group？______A.Understanding. B.Disapproving. C.Supportive. D.Unclear.11.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheyounggenerationfromthetext？______A.Theywouldratherescapethantakechallenges.

B.Theyreallyenjoythe"lyingdown"lifestyle.

C.Theyfindtheirdreamsfarbeyondtheirreach.

D.Theyneverreallydroptheirresponsibilities.DMosquitoesareoneofthefewunpleasantpartsofsummer.Asthetemperaturerises，thesedisease-carryingpestsbecomeacommonsight，especiallyaroundstandingwater.Thankfully，thesetinyannoyingcreaturesdon'tfollowusintothewinter，right？Wrong.AccordingtoresearchersinFlorida，climatechangewilllikelykeepmosquitoesactiveeveninthecoldermonthsoftheyear."Intropical（熱帶的）areas，mosquitoesareactiveallyear，butthatisn'tthecasefortherestoftheworld.Outsideofthetropics，wintertemperaturescausemosquitoestogointoakindofhibernationcalleddiapause（滯育）.Wecallthesemosquitoes'coldbounded'becausetheiractivityislimitedbytheselowertemperatures，"saysBrettScheffers，assistantprofessorinthewildlifeecologyandconservationdepartment，inauniversityrelease.

"However，withclimatechange，summersaretogetlongerandwintersaretobecomeshorterandwarmer.Whatwillthatmeanforthosecoldboundedmosquitoes？Howwilltheyrespond？"Toseejusthowadaptivemosquitoesarealreadybecomingtochangingtemperaturesthroughouttheyear，researcherscollectedtheseinsectsduringeachseasoninGainesville，F(xiàn)lorida.

Studyauthorscaughtover28，000insectsfrom18differentmosquitospeciesduringtheirexperiment.Scientistsluredthepestsbyusingatrapthatproducescarbondioxide.Mosquitoesseekoutthisgas，whichbothhumansandanimalsblowoutwhentheybreathe.Forthesepests，thegassignalsthatatastymealisnearby.Theteamrandomlyselected1，000ofthesemosquitoestotestintheirlabtemperatureexperiment.Theyplacedeachinsectinatesttubebeforeputtingitinwater.Fromthere，researcherscontinuedtochangethetemperature，fromcoldtohot.Atthesametime，theteammonitoredwheneachmosquitobecameinactive—markingtheirupperorlowertemperaturethresholds（閾點(diǎn)）.

Asforwhatisallowingmosquitoestomaketheserapidadjustmentstotheweather，theanswerisstillunclear.However，researchersbelieveevolutioncouldbeworkingatamuchfasterrateintiniercreatures.Studyauthorsbelievetheirfindingswillhelpcommunitiesbetterprepareforinsectseasonasclimatechangecontinuestolengthensummer.12.WhatdoesBrettScheffersthinkofthosecoldboundedmosquitoes'behaviors？______A.Lessactive. B.Morealarming.

C.Moreannoying. D.Lessconsistent.13.Whydidtheresearchersconducttheexperiment？______A.Tofindoutwhysummergetslonger.

B.Toseehowmosquitoesspreadintropicalareas.

C.Tolearnhowmosquitoesareadaptingtoclimatechange.

D.Tolearnwhyclimatechangeisrelatedtospeciesevolution.14.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"lured"inparagraph3？______A.Killed. B.Attracted. C.Changed. D.Protected.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.Coldboundedmosquitoesareeasilytrapped

B.Wildlifeecologyhelpsbetterprepareforinsectseason

C.Mosquitoeswillbeayear-longproblemduetoclimatechange

D.Thecauseofmosquitoes'rapidadjustmentstotheweatherisclear二、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，共12.5分。DuanwuFestivalfallsonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.AccordingtotraditionalChinesefolkcustoms，thefifthlunarmonthiscalledthe"poisonousmonth"，whenmanyevilspiritsandpoisonouscreaturesgoviral.（1）______

AwidelyusedherbtostaysafeandhealthyonDuanwuiswormwood（艾草）.Theherb，duetoitsmedicalfunctions，isnotonlyaperfectchoiceforDuanwu，butalsoadailynecessitytomanyChinesepeople.（2）______

Wormwoodincense（香）

Wormwoodcaneffectivelydriveawaymosquitoesandsomeuninvitedinsectsinyourhouse.Comparedtochemicalsprays，itis100percentsafeforadultsandchildren.

Incenseisoftenmadefromwormwoodthathasbeendriedforatleastthreeyears.（3）______Wormwooddriedlessthanthreeyearswillnotfunctionaswellasyouexpect.

Wormwoodsoap，toothpasteandshampoo

（4）______Itcanleaveanaturalandherbalscentonyourbody.Unlikecommonperfumethatmayattractmosquitoes，thescentofwormwoodcandrivethemaway.

Wormwoodtoothpasteandshampooaregoodforyourteethandhairtoo，astheherb-basedproductscanprotectyouinasaferandmorenaturalway.

Moxibustion（艾灸）

Similartoacupuncture（針灸），moxibustionisatraditionalChinesemedicaltherapytocuresomecommonillness，suchasheadache，abdominalcrampsandpain.Acupuncturecanonlybeperformedbyprofessionaldoctors.（5）______That'swhyitissopopularwithordinarypeopleinChina.

A.DuanwuFestivalhasalonghistoryofover2000years.

B.Manypeopleoftenstoresomewormwoodincenseathome.

C.Unlikeacupuncture，moxibustiondoesn'tneedtoomanyskills.

D.Thelongerthewormwoodisdried，thestrongereffectitwillhave.

E.Soapmadefromwormwoodisareasonablechoiceonsummerdays.

F.Herearesomehealthyproductsmadefromwormwoodtostayhealthy.

G.Theycanbringinfectiousdiseasestohumansandanimalsduringthissummermonth.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大題共15小題，共15分。I'mMike.IgraduatedfromSunshineSeniorhighschoollastJune，andI'mnow（1）______inacollegeinBeijing.Thisautumn，Iwill（2）______mysecondyear.

Inthesummeroneyearago，Irememberbeingextremelyexcitedyetnervous，asIwasabouttobeginmycollege（3）______.Iwasalsoquite（4）______attheideaofbeingawayfromhomeforsolongforthefirsttimeinmylife.AsIsaidgoodbyetomyparentsatthehigh-speedrailwaystation，Ifeltamixof（5）______andupset.Iwastravellingtoadifferentcitybymyself，withasuitcasebesideme，andthe（6）______tohaveanunforgettablecollegeexperience.

Atschool，theremightbe（7）______times.WhatifIdon'tmakeanyfriends？Whatifmyclassesgetstressful？HowwillIdomylaundry？Yes，I'vebeentheretoo，and（8）______thesequestions.Don'tworry，you'llmakefriends.Justlearnto（9）______therightpeople.

Classeswill，most（10）______，becomeintense，especiallytowardsmidtermsandexams.Butit'sallright，weallcan（11）______.Youwillhavealotofpeoplearoundyouwhocanhelp.

It's（12）______toworryaboutthingslikethese.You'llslowly（13）______thatyou'lltakeonthese（14）______asyougo，andthattheywon'tbeasterribleasyouhad（15）______.21.A.studying B.teaching C.explaining D.testing22.A.plan B.start C.avoid D.miss23.A.journey B.opportunity C.application D.vacation24.A.annoyed B.shocked C.disappointed D.anxious25.A.anger B.hate C.respect D.fear26.A.luck B.determination C.patience D.freedom27.A.delighting B.moving C.challenging D.exciting28.A.commentedon B.escapedfrom C.thoughtabout D.broughtback29.A.pick B.hire C.interview D.remind30.A.frequently B.encouragingly C.likely D.importantly31.A.dream B.relax C.enjoy D.survive32.A.difficult B.interesting C.normal D.unusual33.A.forget B.realize C.promise D.stress34.A.challenges B.activities

C.responsibilities D.jobs35.A.overcame B.advertised C.highlighted D.imagined四、語法填空：本大題共1小題，共15分。36.Bird-and-flowerpainting，calledhuaniaohuainChinese，isakindof（1）______（tradition）Chinesepainting.Thehuaniaohuawasnamedafteritssubjectmatter.Itgained（2）______（popular）intheTangDynasty，maturedbytheendofthatperiod（3）______duringtheFiveDynastiesandTenKingdomsperiod，and（4）______（full）reacheditspeakduringtheSongDynasty.Mosthuaniaohuapaintingsbelongtothescholar-artiststyleofChinesepainting.ThehuaniaohuabecamepopularinEastAsia，andit（5）______（introduce）intoJapanduringthe14thcentury.

AccordingtoChinesetradition，thehuaniaohua，（6）______isconsideredoneofthetreasuresofChineseculture，covers"flowers，birds，fish，andinsects"；thus，itcandealwith（7）______widerangeofnatural（8）______（topic）.

Thehuaniaohuapaintingsareinspiredbythebeautyoftheflowersandbirds（9）______（find）innature.Theintendedpurposeofthehuaniaohuaisnotsimplytoimitate（模仿）nature，buttousedifferentpaintingstyles（10）______（express）thepersonalityandideasoftheartist.InChineseculture，differenttypesofbirdsandflowersholdtheirownsymbolicmeanings.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共40分。37.假如你是李華，學(xué)校英語廣播社邀請你做一個(gè)關(guān)于"運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康"的演講，請你以ExerciseandHealth為題，用英文寫一篇演講稿，呼吁同學(xué)們積極參加運(yùn)動(dòng)。內(nèi)容包含：

（1）當(dāng)前學(xué)生的身體素質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀；

（2）運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處；

（3）呼吁大家多鍛煉。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)80左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；

（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

ExerciseandHealthDearfellowstudents，

______

That'sall.Thankyou！38.MrSwaleswastalkingaboutwhatpeopledo，andwantedtofindoutwhathisstudentswantedtobewhentheygrewup.MrSwaleswasabouttocallonJodiewhenthegirlsinthebackrowburstoutlaughing.

Shirleyyelled，"Jodie'sdaddyisagarbageman!Pee-yoo!"EverybodyintheclasslaughedoutloudexceptJodie.Shefeltherfaceturnbrightred.Shelookedaroundthewholeclassroom.Everyonewaslaughing.Somekidswereevenholdingtheirnoses.MrSwaleswasangry.Healmostneverraisedhisvoice，butnowhedid.

"Silence!Iwanteverybodyquietthisinstant."

Thelaughterstoppedimmediately."Youshouldbeashamedofyourselves，"MrSwalessaid."Beingagarbageman，Imean，asanitationengineer，isadifficultandextremelyusefuljob.WeshouldallbegratefultoMrHarris.Wherewouldwebewithouthim？Uptoourearsingarbage，that'swhere.Howwouldyoulikethat？"

"Pee-yoo!"somebodysaid.Afewkidsstartedlaughingagain.

"It'snotfunny，"MrSwaleswenton."Garbageisaseriousmatter.IthinkyoualloweJodieanapology.Andafterthat，you'reallgoingtowriteJodie'sfather，MrHarris，anicelettertotellhimhowmuchyouappreciatewhathedoesforallofus."Everybodymoaned（抱怨）.EveryonesaidsorrytoJodie，butJodiecouldtelltheydidn'treallymeanit.

Herfacewasburningredandshefeltlikecrying.

MrSwalescametoherandsaid，"Let'sgooutinthehall，sowecanhaveaprivatetalk."Jodiecouldn'tholdbackanymore.Shestartedcryingoutinthehall."I'msorrythishappened，"hesaid."Butremember，hardworkdonewellissomethingtobeproudof.There'snothingwrongwithbeingagarbageman…asanitationengineer，absolutelynot."

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Jodie'sfathercametowalkherhomefromschoolasusual，butshedidn'trunuptohimthewayshealwaysdid.

Nextday，Jodiewenttoworkwithherfather.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、C、A【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Children's

Museum

of

Manhattan部分中的This

nearly

40，000-square-foot

museum

makes

learning

about

culture

and

science

an

enjoyable

experience

for

kids（這座近40000平方英尺的博物館讓孩子們學(xué)習(xí)文化和科學(xué)成為一種愉快的經(jīng)歷）可知在曼哈頓兒童博物館孩子們可以愉快地探索文化和科學(xué)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知答案選A.

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DiMenna

Children's

Museum部分中的Exhibitions

and

programs

at

this

kid-focused

New-York

Historical

Society

transport

children

back

through

350

years

of

U.S.history（這個(gè)以兒童為中心的紐約歷史學(xué)會(huì)的展覽和項(xiàng)目讓孩子們回顧了350年的美國歷史），因此在迪曼納兒童博物館孩子們可以了解美國的歷史，因此答案選C.

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Children's

Museum

of

the

Arts部分中的This

museum

is

especially

designed

for

kids

so

that

they

can

travel

around

the

art

world.The

10，000-square-foot

museum

has

more

room

to

house

its

2，000-piece

collection

of

international

children's

art，including

huge

center

gallery（這個(gè)博物館是專門為孩子們設(shè)計(jì)的，這樣他們就可以環(huán)游藝術(shù)世界。這座10000平方英尺的博物館有更大的空間容納2000件國際兒童藝術(shù)藏品，包括巨大的中央美術(shù)館）可知兒童藝術(shù)博物館的目的是幫助孩子們探索藝術(shù)世界，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知答案選A.

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國紐約幾家令人驚嘆的兒童博物館的特點(diǎn)。

考查日常生活類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。4~7.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句He

wanted

to

do

something

to

keep

himself

busy，so

he

decided

to

volunteer

at

the

local

children's

hospital（他想做點(diǎn)什么讓自己保持忙碌，所以他決定去當(dāng)?shù)氐膬和t(yī)院做志愿者）可知，作者的父親去當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院是為了讓自己保持忙碌和快樂。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中He

started

visiting

her

in

her

room，bringing

paints，brushes

and

paper.He

stood

the

paper

up，put

the

paintbrush

in

his

mouth

and

began

to

paint.He

didn't

use

his

hands

at

all.（他開始在她的房間里探望她，帶上顏料、畫筆和紙。他把紙立起來，把畫筆放進(jìn)嘴里，開始畫畫。他根本不用手）可知，父親是想告訴她，沒有手，也可以做很多事情。故選A。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Some

time

later

after

my

dad

had

recovered

and

returned

to

work，in

came

the

little

girl

who

had

been

paralyzed，only

this

time

she

was

walking（過了一段時(shí)間，在我父親康復(fù)并返回工作崗位后，一個(gè)癱瘓的小女孩進(jìn)來了，只是這次她在走路）可知，小女孩恢復(fù)了，可以走路了，故選B。

（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文并結(jié)合最后一段的He

would

say

sometimes

love

is

more

powerful

than

doctors，and

my

dad

–

who

died

just

a

few

months

after

the

little

girl

gave

him

the

picture

–

loved

every

single

child

in

that

hospital.（他會(huì)說，有時(shí)愛比醫(yī)生更強(qiáng)大，而我的父親——在小女孩給他照片幾個(gè)月后去世——愛著醫(yī)院里的每一個(gè)孩子）可知，在父親愛的鼓勵(lì)下，一個(gè)癱瘓的女孩奇跡般地恢復(fù)到可以走了，說明了愛可以帶來很好的結(jié)果。故選C。

本文為記敘文，主要講述了一個(gè)癱瘓的小女孩在作者父親愛的鼓勵(lì)下逐漸恢復(fù)，到最后可以走路的故事。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。8~11.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Theideaoflowmaterialdesire，lowconsumptionandrefusingtowork，marryandhavechildren，concludedasa"lyingdown"lifestyle，recentlystruckachordwithmanyyoungChineseeagertopausetobreatheinthisfast-pacedandhighly-competitivesociety.（低物質(zhì)欲望、低消費(fèi)、不工作、不結(jié)婚、不生孩子的"躺平"生活方式，最近引起了許多中國年輕人的共鳴，他們渴望在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏、競爭激烈的社會(huì)中停下來喘口氣。）可知，拒絕生孩子能夠被稱為"躺平"的生活方式。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Manymillennials（千禧一代）andgenerationZscomplainedtotheGlobalTimesthatburdens，includingworkstress，familydisputesandfinancialpressures，havepushedthem"againstthewall".（許多千禧一代和Z一代向《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》抱怨說，包括工作壓力、家庭瑣事和經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力在內(nèi)的負(fù)擔(dān)把他們逼到了"絕境"）可知，無休止的競爭不是千禧一代面臨的負(fù)擔(dān)。故選B。

（3）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段"Insteadofalwaysfollowingthe'virtues'ofstruggle，toleranceandsacrificetobearthestresses，theypreferatemporarylyingdownasreleaseandadjustment，"saidascholar."Nowonderthatsomeyoungpeople，underthegrowingpressuresfromchild-raisingtopayingthemortgage（按揭）today，wouldtrytoliveinasimplewayandleavetheworriesbehind."（一位學(xué)者說："他們不總是遵循斗爭、忍耐和犧牲的'美德'來承受壓力，而是喜歡暫時(shí)躺下，作為宣泄和調(diào)整。難怪一些年輕人在今天從撫養(yǎng)孩子到支付抵押貸款的壓力下，會(huì)試圖以一種簡單的方式生活，并把擔(dān)憂拋在腦后。"）可推知，學(xué)者對"躺平"群體的態(tài)度是理解。故選A。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Butactually，lyingdownisnotentirelycomfortable.Youngpeoplewholiedownalwaysfeelguiltyoftheirconstantlossofmorale（士氣）farbeyondtheirreach.（但事實(shí)上，躺平并不完全舒服。躺平的年輕人總是為自己的士氣不斷喪失而感到內(nèi)疚。）以及最后一段"Youngpeopleoncampushavebothambitionsandconfusionabouttheirfuture，butmostofushaverejectedsettingourselvesupinchainstowasteopportunitiesandchallenges，"apostgraduatestudenttoldtheGlobalTimes."It'snouserunningaway.Ihaveto'standup'andfacetherealitysoonerorlater."（一名研究生在接受《環(huán)球時(shí)報(bào)》采訪時(shí)表示："校園里的年輕人對未來既有抱負(fù)，也有困惑，但我們大多數(shù)人都不愿把自己束縛起來，浪費(fèi)機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)。逃跑是沒有用的。我遲早要'站起來'面對現(xiàn)實(shí)。"）可推知，年輕一代從未真正放下自己的責(zé)任。因此D項(xiàng)Theyneverreallydroptheirresponsibilities（他們從不放棄自己的責(zé)任）符合題意，故選D。

這是一篇說明文。文章講述了低物欲、低消費(fèi)、拒絕工作、拒絕結(jié)婚、拒絕生孩子的"躺平"生活方式，最近引起了許多年輕人的共鳴，他們渴望在這個(gè)快節(jié)奏、競爭激烈的社會(huì)中停下來喘口氣。

考查說明文。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。12~15.【答案】A、C、B、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Intropical（熱帶的）areas，mosquitoesareactiveallyear，butthatisn'tthecasefortherestoftheworld.Outsideofthetropics，wintertemperaturescausemosquitoestogointoakindofhibernationcalleddiapause（滯育）.Wecallthesemosquitoes'coldbounded'becausetheiractivityislimitedbytheselowertemperatures，"saysBrettScheffers，assistantprofessorinthewildlifeecologyandconservationdepartment，inauniversityrelease.（"在熱帶地區(qū)，蚊子全年都很活躍，但世界其他地區(qū)并非如此。在熱帶地區(qū)以外，冬季的溫度會(huì)導(dǎo)致蚊子進(jìn)入一種叫做滯育的冬眠狀態(tài)。我們稱這些蚊子為'coldbounded'，因?yàn)樗鼈兊幕顒?dòng)受到了低溫的限制，"野生動(dòng)物生態(tài)與保護(hù)系助理教授布雷特?謝弗斯在一份大學(xué)新聞稿中說。）可知，低溫的時(shí)候，蚊子進(jìn)入一種叫做滯育的狀態(tài)，這時(shí)蚊子不活躍。A．Lessactive不那么活躍；B．Morealarming更警惕；C．Moreannoyin更煩人；D．Lessconsistent不太一致。故選A。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"However，withclimatechange，summersaretogetlongerandwintersaretobecomeshorterandwarmer.Whatwillthatmeanforthosecoldboundedmosquitoes？Howwilltheyrespond？"Toseejusthowadaptivemosquitoesarealreadybecomingtochangingtemperaturesthroughouttheyear，researcherscollectedtheseinsectsduringeachseasoninGainesville，F(xiàn)lorida.（"然而，隨著氣候變化，夏季變得更長，冬季變得更短、更溫暖。這對那些被寒冷束縛的蚊子意味著什么？他們會(huì)如何回應(yīng)？"為了了解蚊子如何適應(yīng)全年不斷變化的溫度，研究人員在佛羅里達(dá)州蓋恩斯維爾的每個(gè)季節(jié)收集了這些昆蟲。）可知，研究人員做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)是想看看蚊子是如何適應(yīng)溫度變化的。C．Tolearnhowmosquitoesareadaptingtoclimatechange.（了解蚊子是如何適應(yīng)氣候變化的。）符合文意，故選C。

（3）詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段Scientistsluredthepestsbyusingatrapthatproducescarbondioxide.Mosquitoesseekoutthisgas，whichbothhumansandanimalsblowoutwhentheybreathe.Forthesepests，thegassignalsthatatastymealisnearby.（科學(xué)家們用產(chǎn)生二氧化碳的陷阱來___害蟲。蚊子尋找這種氣體，人類和動(dòng)物在呼吸時(shí)都會(huì)呼出這種氣體。對于這些害蟲來說，這種氣體表明附近有美味的食物。）"可知，科學(xué)家們用產(chǎn)生二氧化碳的陷阱來引誘害蟲。由此可知，lured意為"引誘"。A．Killed殺死；B．Attracted吸引；C．Changed改變；D．Protected保護(hù)。故選B。

（4）標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段AccordingtoresearchersinFlorida，climatechangewilllikelykeepmosquitoesactiveeveninthecoldermonthsoftheyear.（據(jù)佛羅里達(dá)州的研究人員稱，氣候變化可能會(huì)使蚊子在一年中較冷的月份也保持活躍。）可知，文章主要講述了隨著氣候變暖，蚊子將不再是一個(gè)季節(jié)性問題而將成為一個(gè)全年性的問題。由此可知，C.Mosquitoeswillbeayear-longproblemduetoclimatechange.（由于氣候變化，蚊子將成為一個(gè)持續(xù)一年的問題。）是合適的標(biāo)題。故選C

本文是一篇說明文，講述了隨著氣候變暖，蚊子將不再是一個(gè)季節(jié)性問題而將成為一個(gè)全年性的問題。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)填寫出正確答案。16~20.【答案】G、F、D、E、C【解析】（1）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)前文AccordingtotraditionalChinesefolkcustoms，thefifthlunarmonthiscalledthe"poisonousmonth"，whenmanyevilspiritsandpoisonouscreaturesgoviral.（根據(jù)中國傳統(tǒng)的民間習(xí)俗，農(nóng)歷五月被稱為"毒月"，這是許多邪氣和有毒生物猖獗的時(shí)候。）可知，后文應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)許多邪氣和有毒生物所帶來的后果。G選項(xiàng)"在這個(gè)夏天，它們會(huì)給人類和動(dòng)物帶來傳染病。"中的they指代前文中的manyevilspiritsandpoisonouscreatures，承接前文，指出了它們所帶來的結(jié)果即傳染病。故選G。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文Theherb，duetoitsmedicalfunctions，isnotonlyaperfectchoiceforDuanwu，butalsoadailynecessitytomanyChinesepeople.（由于其醫(yī)療功能，這種草藥不僅是端午的完美選擇，也是許多中國人的日常必需品。）可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)艾草具有醫(yī)療功能，是端午的完美選擇。同時(shí)根據(jù)后文Wormwoodincense（香）（苦艾熏香），以及Wormwoodsoap，toothpasteandshampoo（艾草皂、牙膏和洗發(fā)水），以及Moxibustion（艾灸）可知，后文介紹的都是由艾草制成的一些健康產(chǎn)品。F選項(xiàng)"這里有一些由苦艾制成的健康產(chǎn)品，可以讓你保持健康。"承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。

（3）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)后文Wormwooddriedlessthanthreeyearswillnotfunctionaswellasyouexpect.（干不到三年的艾草不會(huì)有你預(yù)期的效果。）可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)干不到三年的艾草達(dá)不到預(yù)期的效果，前文應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)越干的艾草效果越好。D選項(xiàng)"艾草干燥的時(shí)間越長，效果越強(qiáng)。"與下文呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)艾草的功效和干燥度的話題。故選D。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題Wormwoodsoap，toothpasteandshampoo（艾草皂、牙膏和洗發(fā)水），可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是艾草皂、牙膏和洗發(fā)水的功效。E選項(xiàng)"用艾草制成的肥皂在夏天是一個(gè)合理的選擇。"中的Soapmadefromwormwood與標(biāo)題中的Wormwoodsoap呼應(yīng)。故選E。

（5）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)前文Acupuncturecanonlybeperformedbyprofessionaldoctors.（針灸只能由專業(yè)醫(yī)生進(jìn)行。）可知，此處指出針灸只能由專業(yè)醫(yī)生進(jìn)行，由此將針灸和艾灸進(jìn)行比較。C選項(xiàng)"不像針灸，艾灸不需要太多的技巧。"承接前文，符合語境，指出艾灸的好處在于不需要太多的技巧。故選C。

本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要介紹了端午節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗和與艾草相關(guān)的保健方法。

關(guān)于選句填空的做題步驟：

步驟一：快速瀏覽一遍備選答案，先確定哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)適合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：標(biāo)題，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步驟二：快速瀏覽文章，確定文章體裁，抓住文章結(jié)構(gòu)。

步驟三：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出各段的主題句或主旨大意。

步驟四：注意各選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的句子銜接手段，尋找句中銜接標(biāo)志詞。

步驟五：區(qū)分相似項(xiàng)。21~35.【答案】A、B、A、D、D、B、C、C、A、C、D、C、B、A、D【解析】（1）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.studying學(xué)習(xí)；B.teaching教；C.explaining解釋；D.testing測試。句意：我去年六月從陽光高中畢業(yè)，現(xiàn)在在北京的一所大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)上文"IgraduatedfromSunshineSeniorhighschoollastJune"可知，作者現(xiàn)在在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。

（2）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.plan計(jì)劃；B.start開始；C.avoid避免；D.miss思念，錯(cuò)過。句意：今年秋天，我將開始我的第二年。根據(jù)下文"Inthesummeroneyearago，Irememberbeingextremelyexcitedyetnervous，asIwasabouttobeginmycollege（3）."可知，今年秋天，作者將開始大學(xué)生活的第二年。故選B。

（3）考查名詞及語境理解。A.journey旅程；B.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.application申請；D.vacation假期。句意：記得一年前的夏天，我既興奮又緊張，因?yàn)槲壹磳㈤_始我的大學(xué)之旅。根據(jù)下文"Iwastravellingtoadifferentcitybymyself，withasuitcasebesideme，andthe（6）tohaveanunforgettablecollegeexperience."可知，作者開始大學(xué)的旅程。故選A。

（4）考查形容詞及語境理解。A.annoyed惱怒的；B.shocked震驚的；C.disappointed失望的；D.anxious焦慮的。句意：到這是我人生中第一次離開家這么長時(shí)間，我也很焦慮。根據(jù)下文"attheideaofbeingawayfromhomeforsolongforthefirsttimeinmylife."可知，作者第一次離家很久，感覺焦慮。故選D。

（5）考查名詞及語境理解。A.anger憤怒；B.hate討厭；C.respect尊重；D.fear害怕。句意：當(dāng)我在高鐵站和父母道別時(shí)，我感到既害怕又不安。根據(jù)"upset."以及下文"Iwastr