考點(diǎn)1名詞專(zhuān)題精講名詞（講義）人教PEP版英語(yǔ)六年級(jí)下冊(cè)

小升初英語(yǔ)PEP版第一輪總復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)專(zhuān)題精講專(zhuān)題1—名詞考點(diǎn)解密考點(diǎn)解密名詞是小升初英語(yǔ)必考點(diǎn)之一。本專(zhuān)題主要講解可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化、不可數(shù)名詞量的表達(dá)以及名詞的所有格?？荚嚳疾榈闹攸c(diǎn)在于名詞的數(shù)和名詞的格，?？嫉念}型是選擇題和填空題?？键c(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備區(qū)考點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備區(qū)考點(diǎn)1：名詞及名詞的數(shù)考點(diǎn)1：名詞及名詞的數(shù)??名詞的分類(lèi)分類(lèi)定義舉例說(shuō)明專(zhuān)有名詞等名稱的詞。它的第普通名詞個(gè)體名詞：表示某類(lèi)人或事物中的個(gè)體book,orange,table可數(shù)集體名詞：表示一群人或一類(lèi)事物的名詞 people,family,police物質(zhì)名詞：表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)water,air,milk不可數(shù)??可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，其復(fù)數(shù)形式又有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化之分。①規(guī)則變化例詞一般情況加s以x,s,sh,ch以“輔音字母以f或fe結(jié)尾half—halves,wolf—wolves以“元音字母加s以“輔音字母生命(包括動(dòng)植物)的單詞②不規(guī)則變化例詞oo變ee只有復(fù)數(shù)形式元音變化以man和woman構(gòu)成的變成復(fù)數(shù)形式manteacher—menteachers,womanteacher—womenteachers??典型例題例1：—Howmanyarethereinaweek?—Thereare.A.day;sevenB.days;sevenC.days;fiveD.day;five【答案】B【方法點(diǎn)撥】問(wèn)句提問(wèn)一周有幾天。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知一周有7天。be動(dòng)詞是are,所以名詞應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)形式，day是以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)直接加S。例2：—Therearethreeinourfarm.—Theymustlookafterthoseeveryday.A.womenworkers,animal.B.womanworkers,sheepsC.womanworkers，animals.D.womenworkers,sheep【答案】D【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意:我們農(nóng)場(chǎng)有三個(gè)女工人,她們每天負(fù)責(zé)照顧那些羊。由man和woman構(gòu)成的合成名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)將名詞及man,woman都變成復(fù)數(shù),注意woman的復(fù)數(shù)形式是women。sheep是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞,不能加s。③不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)之分,但可以借助量詞(名詞性短語(yǔ))或其他修飾詞來(lái)表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。apieceof,abottleof,abagof,aglassof,acupof復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)字+pieces/bottles/bags/glasses/cupsof……不可數(shù)名詞的修飾詞??典型例題例3：—Wouldyouliketohaveadrink?—Yes.two,please.A.cupofteaB.cupsofteaC.cupofteasD.cupsofteas【答案】B【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意：你想喝點(diǎn)東西嗎?是的，請(qǐng)給我兩杯茶。不可數(shù)名詞計(jì)量時(shí)，可以用“數(shù)詞或冠詞+計(jì)量名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。量詞可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，但of后面的名詞只能用單數(shù)。兩杯茶的表達(dá)方式為twocupsoftea考點(diǎn)2：名詞的所有格考點(diǎn)2：名詞的所有格例詞一般情況：名詞加“’s”數(shù)名詞加“’”老師們的書(shū)加“’s”有，僅在最后一個(gè)人的名字后加“’s”各個(gè)名字后加“'s”系用“名詞+of+名詞”山頂??典型例題例4：What'sonthedesk?A.teacherB.teachersC.teacher's【答案】C【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意:教師辦公桌上有什么?表示有生命的人或物的所有格,單數(shù)名詞后加“'s”，所以選C。例5：DoyouhaveamapShanghai?A.ofB.inC.from【答案】A【方法點(diǎn)撥】句意:你有上海市的地圖嗎?上海屬于地方名稱,無(wú)生命的事物所構(gòu)成的所屬關(guān)系，用“名詞+of+名詞”表示,所以選A。inShanghai意為“在上?！?fromShanghai意為“來(lái)自上?！?均不符合句意?？键c(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)區(qū)考點(diǎn)過(guò)關(guān)區(qū)精編?？家卓歼^(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)試題班級(jí)姓名第一層：基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題一、寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.book2.dress3.box4.watch5.dish6.puppy7.knife8.foot9.tomato10.potato二、用所給名詞的正確形式填空1.Thereareseven(sheep).2.Myunclehastwo(child).3.Canyougivemetwobottlesof(water)?4.Ibrushmy(tooth)threetimesaday.5.Ihavetwo(cup)ofcoffeeforbreakfast.三、單詞歸類(lèi)(填序號(hào))A.busB.postmanC.bikeD.cinemaE.hospitalEbookstoreG.fisherwomanH.ferryI.singerJ.libraryK.workerL.boatM.supermarketN.coach1.地點(diǎn)：2.交通工具:3.職業(yè):四、請(qǐng)用括號(hào)中名詞的正確形式填空1.Lookatthose(man).Theyaredoingsports.2—Doyouwantsome(potato)fordinner?—Yes,1do.3.Inautumn,youcanseealotofcolorful(leaf)ontheground.4.Hehastwo(box).Oneisblue,theotherisyellow.5.Therearetwo(floor)inthebuilding.6.Two(family)liveinthisbuilding.7.Itisverycoldtoday.Putonyour(boot),please.8.—Wheredoyour(parent)work?—Theyworkinahospital.9.Havesome(juice),please.10.September10thisthe(teacher)Day.五、翻譯1.兩個(gè)男學(xué)生2.兩個(gè)女老師3.兩個(gè)小孩4.三條魚(yú)5.四只綿羊6.五只鵝7.七只腳8.六顆牙齒9.一杯茶10.一瓶牛奶六、選擇填空()1.Therearesomeonthehill.A.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepes()2.Therearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyarebooks.A.childB.childrens'C.childrenD.children's()3.Ihavewornoutmyshoes,soIwanttobuyanew.A.pairB.oneC.onesD.trousers()4.Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.It'sabout.A.fortyminutewalkB.fortyminute'swalkC.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes'walk()5.Howmanyarethereinyourclass?A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian七、用下列名詞的正確形式填空1.—Isthisan(apple)?—No,itisn't.2.—Whatarethese?—Theyare(orange).3.Passmethree(pencil).4.Givemesome(egg),please.5.—Arethoseyour(shoe)?—Yes,theyare.6.Thoseshoesare(Tom).7.Therearetwo(knife)inthepencilbox.8.These(Tshirt)arebig.9.Howmany(fish)arethereintheriver?10.Theyhavesomenew(hat).八、找出下列各組單詞中不同類(lèi)的一項(xiàng)()1.A.AprilB.dayC.yearD.month()2.A.snowB.rainyC.windyD.sunny()3.A.managerB.farmerC.workD.nurse()4.A.seasonB.winterC.springD.autumn()5.A.artB.musicC.scienceD.book九、按要求寫(xiě)詞1.donot(縮寫(xiě)形式)2.Joe(名詞所有格)3.No.(完全形式)4.children(名詞所有格)5.let's(完全形式)6.feet(單數(shù)形式)7.woman(復(fù)數(shù)形式)8.white(反義詞)9.mice(原形)10.month(復(fù)數(shù)形式)十、按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子1.Thereisanorangetreeinthegarden.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句)2.Sheisagoodteacher.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句)3.1havesomeinterestingstorybooks(改為單數(shù)句)4.Therearesomewomenteachersoverthere.(改為單數(shù)句)5.—Whatisit?—It'sabox.(改為復(fù)數(shù)句)第二層：拓展提升題一、選擇填空()1.Lookatphoto.Isitnice?A.AliceB,Alice'sC.Alices'()2.Mybrotherisreading.A.today'spaperB.thepaperoftodayC.today'spapers()3.Therearemanypictureson.A.theclassroom'swallsB.thewallsoftheclassroomC.thewallsintheclassroom()4.ThatgirlisSusan.Sheis.A.afriendmysisterB.afriendofmysisterC.afriendofmysister's()5.Isthatancar?A.ChineseB.JapaneseC.English二、翻譯下列詞組1.Mary的姐姐和Jenny的姐姐2.今天的新聞3.五分鐘的路程4.中國(guó)的首都5.我父親的一張照片三、讀短文,選詞填空(每空一詞)hasfarhomebreadafterforgetsuponatMikeisastudent.Everydayheatsixo'clock.Hishomeisfromhisschool.Hehashisbreakfastatatsixthirty.Heusuallyhasandmilkhisbreakfast.Hegoestoschoolat7:00.Helunchatschool.lunchheplaysgameswithhisfriendstheplayground.Intheafternoon,Mikehastwoclasses,hegoeshome4:30.四、改錯(cuò)。下列各句的A、B.C.D選項(xiàng)中有一處錯(cuò)誤,找出并在橫線上改正。例:(C)—Havetwoeggplease.—No,thankyou.ABCD()1.—Canyourbrother'sspeakEnglish?ABC—No,hecan't.()2.Shedoesn'tdoherhomeworksonSunday.ABCD()3.OnTeacher'sDay,wesaythankyoutoourteachers.ABCD()4.Therearemanyfishesundertherivernearmyvillage.ABCD()5.Thesepencilsareyour.Putthemaway,please.ABCD五、選擇填空()1.Theyefromdifferent.A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys()2.Howmanydoyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato()3.Theyare.AwomanteachersB.womenteachersC.womenteacherD.womanteacher()4.Wouldyoulike,please?A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassofwatersD.twoglassesofwaters()5.Ilikeswimming.Let'sgotothe.A.beachB.shoppingmallC.libraryD.restaurant()6.TherearesomeintheseA.knifes;pencilboxesB.knives;pencilboxC.knifes;pencilboxD.knives;pencilboxes7.likebyair.A.Greens;travelingB.TheGreen;travelingC.TheGreens;travelD.TheGreens;traveling六、寫(xiě)出下列名詞的單數(shù)形式1.boats2.houses3.coats4.dresses5.knives6.potatoes7.stories8.women9.desks10.villages七、用名詞的正確形式填空1.Therearemany(fox)inthepicture.2Differentpeoplemayhavedifferent(idea).3.Wouldyoulikesome(tomato)?4.Jimhassome(knife),5.Thegirlunderthetreeisafriendof(Lucy).6.Thosehamburgersare(Tom).7.Ninaisat(grandma)home.Shewentthereyesterday.8.Doyoulikeeating(rice)?9.Howmany(wolf)arethere?10.Ilike(chicken)betterthanpork.八、選擇填空()1.Hisareverywhite.A.toothB.teethC.toothsD.toothes()2.Fruitisgoodforourhealth.So1oftenhavebreakfastwithone.A.orangeB.cakeC.candyD.beef()3.Theydon'thavetodotoday.A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomeworkD.muchhomeworks()4.It'smymother.A.apictureB.pictureofC.apictureofD.pictureto()5.Mrs.Whiteisaunt.A.LucyandLily'sB.Lucy'sandLily'sC.LucyandLilyD.Lucy'sandLily()6.I'sJunelst.It'sDay.A.ChildrensB.Children'sC.Childrens'D.Childrens's()7.March8thisDay.A.WomanB.WomensC.Women'sD.Woman's()8.Therearethreeinthestudy.A.shelfB.shelfsC.shelfesD.shelves九、英譯漢1.mymother'shat2.thewallsofourclassroom3.thedriver'scar4.thetreesofthepark5.tomorrow'8weather6.NewYear’sDay7.Mother'sDay,十、將下列句子填寫(xiě)完整1.Weare(這個(gè)班級(jí)的學(xué)生).2.Wherearemy(爸爸的鞋)?3.Tomhas(一張上海地圖)4.(這個(gè)醫(yī)院的護(hù)士)isintheoffice.5.I'dlikesome(牛肉面).參考答案第一層：基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)題一.1.books2.dresses3.boxes4.watches5.dishes6.puppies7.knives8.feet9.tomatoes10.potatoes二、1.sheep2.children3.water4.teeth5.cups三、1.DEFJM2.ACHL3.BGIKN四、1.men2.potatoes3.leaves4.boxes5.floors6.families7.boots8.parents9.juice10.Teachers'五、1.twoboystudents2.twowomenteachers3.twochildren4.threefish5.foursheep6.fivegeese7.sevenfeet8.sixteeth9.acupoftea10.abottleofmilk六1.C解析：sheep是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的單詞。2.D解析:不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格形式應(yīng)直接在詞尾加“'s”。3.A解析:apair意為“一雙”,此處省略了shoes4.D解析:fortyminutes'walk意為“40分鐘的路程”，以s結(jié)尾的名詞的所有格形式應(yīng)在后面加“'s”。5.A解析:B、C、D都要加s才能表示復(fù)數(shù)。七、1.apple2.oranges3.pencils4.eggs5.shoes6.Tom's7.knives8.Tshirts9.fish10.hats八、1.A解析:其他項(xiàng)均為總稱。2.A解析:其他項(xiàng)均為形容詞。3.C解析:其他項(xiàng)均為職業(yè)。4.A解析:其他項(xiàng)均為具體季節(jié)。5.D解析:其他項(xiàng)均為科目。九、1.don't2.Joe's3.Number4.children's5.letus6.foot7.women8.black9.mouse10.months十、1.Therearemanyorangetreesinthegarden.2.Theyaregoodteachers.3.Ihaveaninterestingstorybook.4.Thereisawomanteacheroverthere.5.—Whatarethey?—They'reboxes.第二層：拓展提升題一、1.B解析:一般情況下,表示所屬關(guān)系,用“名詞+'s”的形式。2.C解析:today'spapers意為“今天的報(bào)紙”，paper意為“報(bào)紙”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。3.B解析:表示