非限制性定語(yǔ)從句詳解

Non-restrictiveattributiveclauses

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

2024/2/3*Theman_______issittingthereisXiJinping.**Theman_______________HuJingtaospeakstoisXiJinping.Theman______HuJingtaospeaksisXiJinping.who/thatWhoishe?towhomwho/whom/that/-2024/2/3Whoisshe?Alicia,______tookweight-losspills,nowrealizesthathealthisimportant.Alicia,_______bodyisthin,stillwantstolosesomeweight.whowhose非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的指代關(guān)系指人指物在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose√√主語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)√√√賓語(yǔ)指代整個(gè)主句關(guān)系副詞(where,when)的指代關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用WhereWhen√√時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)that,why不能在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中使用。tip介詞+which2024/2/3非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句關(guān)系不十分密切，只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說(shuō)明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，一般不用that引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系詞不可省略。如：a)Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.

意大利的首都羅馬歷史非常悠久。2024/2/3b)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,

whocamefromtheUniversityofLondon.昨天我遇見(jiàn)金教授，他從倫敦大學(xué)來(lái)的。c)Helentmeadictionary,whichwasjustwhatIneeded.他借給我一本詞典，這正是我所需要的。2024/2/3限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間一般用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。Mycousinwhosefatherisateacherwantstobeanactor.Mycousin,whosefatherisateacher,wantstobeanactor.2024/2/31.A.ThisistheplacewhereIlivedtenyearsago.B.Theschool,whereIoncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.2.A.HeisamanwhoIcanaskforhelp.B.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday限制性定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞關(guān)系密切，如果去掉從句，剩余局部意義不完整；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只是先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉從句，意義仍然完整。2024/2/31.Ihaveasisterwhoworksinahospital.我有一位在醫(yī)院工作的姐姐。2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐，她在醫(yī)院工作。3.Allthemagazinesherewhichhavebeautifulpicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim.里面有漂亮圖畫(huà)的那些雜志是他寫(xiě)的。4.Allthemagazineshere,whichhavebeautifulpicturesinthem,werewrittenbyhim.所有的雜志都是他寫(xiě)的，里面都有漂亮的圖畫(huà)。有時(shí)同一個(gè)限制性從句變?yōu)榉窍拗菩詮木鋾?huì)改變?nèi)涞囊馑肌膊恢灰晃唤憬恪场仓挥幸晃唤憬恪场搽s志有帶圖畫(huà)和不帶圖畫(huà)兩類(lèi)〕〔雜志只有一種〕2024/2/3Fillintheblankswithproperrelativewords.1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_____isanAmerican,cametoChinayesterday.2.Inthosedays,sheusedtogotoMrblack,with_____shehadawonderfultime.3.Iboughtacaryesterday,_____costmealot.4.Xi’an,______Ivisitedlastyear,isaniceoldcity.5.HewillcometoseemenextJuly,_____hewon’tbesobusy.6.Theschool,_______Ioncestudied,wasbuiltthirtyyearsago.7.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,_______wastrue.whowhomwhichwhichwhenwherewhich2024/2/3大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ),而有時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常由which引導(dǎo)。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一個(gè)中年女子殺害了其丈夫,這事令我十分恐懼。eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一個(gè)五歲的男孩會(huì)講兩門(mén)外語(yǔ),令所有在場(chǎng)的人感到非常驚訝。2024/2/3Hetoldmeastory,

which

isalreadyknowntoall.Hecamelate,

which

madetheteacherangry.Hemissedthemovie,

whichwasagreatpity.品讀規(guī)律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.先行詞指物,在從句中做主或賓語(yǔ),用關(guān)系詞which,不能用thatAs引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,可放在主句之前，也可放在主句后面。先行詞在從句做定語(yǔ),用關(guān)系詞whoseThesunrisesintheeast,aseveryoneknows.2024/2/3介詞+關(guān)系代詞,介詞的選用,要根據(jù)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成。PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),用when或介詞+which。Cindyisalovelygirl,with

whommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

2024/2/3As在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，可指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，并有“正如、像……一樣〞的含義，其位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后，且無(wú)“正如〞之意。Asweallknow,heisafamousscientist.Asiswellknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.試比較下面兩個(gè)句子。

Hewentabroad,__________wasexpected.Hewentabroad,__________wasunexpected.aswhich當(dāng)從句是否認(rèn)句或表示否認(rèn)意義時(shí)，只能用which引導(dǎo)。2024/2/3常與as連用的詞有know,see,expect,pointout等。

as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句一些固定句型：

ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述;asmay

beimagined正如可以想象出來(lái)的那樣;asis

wellknown眾所周知;aswasexpected正如預(yù)料的那樣;ashasbeenalreadypointedout正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣;asweallcansee正如我們都會(huì)看到的那樣2024/2/31.It’sthesamepersonaswewantedtofindyesterday.我們昨天要找的是同一個(gè)人。2.SuchgirlsasheknowsaregoodatEnglish.他所認(rèn)識(shí)的女孩都擅長(zhǎng)英語(yǔ)。3.Doyouhavesuchbooksaswelike?你有我們喜歡那種書(shū)嗎？4.Shewillmarryaswealthyamanasshecanfind.她將嫁給她能找到的任何一個(gè)有錢(qián)人。5.Thereissowarmahouseaswewanttolivein.這里有如此暖和的房子，我們都想住在里面。總結(jié)：thesame…as;as…as;such…as;

so…as主句中出現(xiàn)thesame,as,such,so修飾先行詞，需選擇as做關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。嘗試篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause錯(cuò)漏“擺〞出1.PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.2.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.3.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.hewhothen去掉WhichAs錯(cuò)漏“擺〞出4.LinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.5.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.6.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichwhere/inwhich小試牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetitionHangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhich2024/2/3限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句從句與先行詞的關(guān)系從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果省去，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整或不明確。從句只是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整標(biāo)

志從句和主句之間不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)從句和主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)關(guān)系代詞指人who(that)whom指物which(that)人和物的whose關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省去指人who（作主語(yǔ)）whom（做賓語(yǔ)）指物which人和物的whose關(guān)系代詞一般不可省修飾從句只修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞可以修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞也可修飾整個(gè)主句翻譯定語(yǔ)從句譯在被修飾詞的前面定語(yǔ)從句通常被譯成另一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子Shewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

練一練3.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itA

B

7.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.whichBB9._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.It10.Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.AllA,B,andCC

D2024/2/3習(xí)慣篇開(kāi)心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause2024/2/3“Doctor,〞shesaidloudly,breakingintotheroom,_____therewasaman,“Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme.〞Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I'vejustthreethingstotellyou.FillintheblankswithproperlinkwordsThedoctorlivesdownstairswhereAs2024/2/3First,Isuggestthatyou,mylady,_________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds,shoulddomoreexercise.Second,youmayuse1/10asmuchlipstick(口紅),by______youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I’manartist---thedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs."whichwhomwhose2024/2/3高考回放TheEnglishplay_______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.(2004,全國(guó)卷I) A.forwhich B.atwhich C.inwhich D.onwhich

C2024/2/3Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_______shehadwipedherhands.(2004，全國(guó)卷II) A.whereB.which C.whenD.thatA2024/2/31.Ihavemanyfriends,some_______arebusinessmen.(2005，全國(guó)II卷) A.whyB.fromwhich C.whoofD.ofwhomD2024/2/32．Ifashophaschairs_______womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.(2005，上海卷) A.that B.which C.when D.whereD2024/2/33．Iwalkedinourgarden,_______TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.(2005,遼寧卷) A.which B.when C.where D.that

C2024/2/3

4.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago,______itwassopoorlyequipped.(2005，安徽卷) A.whenB.which C.whatD.thatA2024/2/35.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.〔2005，浙江卷〕 A.which B.that C.this D.itA2024/2/3Completethefollowingpassageswithwho,whose,which,where,orwhenIhaveagoodfriend,(1)_____isreallythin.Twice