價(jià)值流向圖教材

VSValueStreamMapping

TheRoadmaptoLean

價(jià)值流向圖

精益制造的路徑圖1VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003CourseObjectives

課程目標(biāo)Uponcompletionofthiscourse,youwillbeableto…

本課程完成以后,你將能夠:ExplainhowValueStreamMappingisafirststepintheLeanImplementationprocess

解釋價(jià)值流向圖在精益制造過(guò)程中是怎樣的第一步ExplaintheValueStreamMappingprocess

解釋價(jià)值流向圖的過(guò)程CreateacurrentandfutureValueStreamMapforyourfacility

為你的工廠建立當(dāng)前及未來(lái)的價(jià)值流向圖Applytheknowledgegainedfromthemappingprocesstoimproveyouroperation

運(yùn)用所學(xué)的流向圖的工藝來(lái)改善你處的運(yùn)營(yíng)情況2VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003DefiningValueStreamMapping

定義價(jià)值流向圖ValueStreamMappingisapencil-and-papertoolthathelpsyouseetheflowofinformationandmaterialsasaproductmakesitswaythroughthevaluestream

在產(chǎn)品一路完成其價(jià)值流向時(shí)，價(jià)值流向圖是一種用筆在紙上幫你看清信息以及原料流向的工具3VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003BenefitsofValueStreamMapping

價(jià)值流向圖的益處Promotesvisualizationbeyondthesingle-processlevel–theentireproductionflowcanbeseen

把單一的過(guò)程圖提高到視覺(jué)上-可以看見(jiàn)整個(gè)生產(chǎn)流程Providesacommonlanguagefortalkingaboutmanufacturingprocesses

提供了制造工藝的通用語(yǔ)言平臺(tái)Formsthebasisofanimplementationplan

形成了執(zhí)行計(jì)劃的基礎(chǔ)Demonstratesthelinkagebetweeninformationandmaterialflow

闡明了信息與物流之間的聯(lián)接Describesindetailhowyourfacilityshouldoperateinordertocreateasmoothflow

詳細(xì)的描述了為建立一個(gè)順暢的流程你的工廠應(yīng)該如何運(yùn)作Providesqualitativemetricsforbaselineandimprovements

提供基線和改進(jìn)的量化矩陣表4VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMaps:Current

價(jià)值流向圖:現(xiàn)在5VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMapIcons

價(jià)值流向圖的圖標(biāo)Customerorsuppliersofrawmaterials

客戶或原料供應(yīng)商Deliveryofeitherrawmaterialorshipmentsoffinishedgoods

原料的交付或者成品的交付ProcessBox過(guò)程盒Inventory庫(kù)存Describetypeandmountundertheicon 在圖標(biāo)下描述類型和裝配Databox數(shù)據(jù)盒Categorieshererepresenttheminimumneeded

此處的分類代表了最少的需求量6VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003InformationFlow

信息流80linkages/mo-40silver-20gold-20blackTray10Pieces2shiftsPRODUCTION

CONTROL生產(chǎn)控制MRP90/60/30day天Forecasts預(yù)測(cè)CUSTOMER客戶6-weekForecast6周預(yù)測(cè)PacificSteelCo.PacificSteelCo.PacificSteelCo.WeeklyFax每周傳真DailyShipSchedule日發(fā)運(yùn)表DailyOrder每日訂單WeeklySchedule周計(jì)劃7VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ProcessFlow

工藝流8VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ProductionLeadTime/ValueAddedTime

生產(chǎn)提前期/增值時(shí)間

9VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003CustomerLoop客戶鏈PacemakerLoopBatchLoopBatchLoopSupplierLoop供應(yīng)商鏈ProcessLoops

過(guò)程鏈10VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003StateStreetCaseStudyReadtheStateStreetCaseStudy閱讀StateStreet案例研究WorkinasmallgrouptocreateaCurrentStateMapforStateStreet分成小組制定StateStreet的當(dāng)前狀態(tài)圖11VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003KeyPointson

ValueStreamMapping

價(jià)值流向圖的繪制Makeswasteandnon-valueaddedactivitiesreadilyapparent讓浪費(fèi)及非增值行為顯而易見(jiàn)Requiresonepersonorteamtoownaproductfamily’sVALUESTREAM需要由一人或團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)一類產(chǎn)品的價(jià)值流Coordinateschange對(duì)變更進(jìn)行協(xié)調(diào)Emphasisisonvaluestream,not“spot”improvements強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)價(jià)值流，而不是“點(diǎn)”上的提高Showsthevaluestreamandleadtimeinasimple,visualway以簡(jiǎn)單、可見(jiàn)的方式來(lái)顯示價(jià)值流及提前期12VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003MappingtheFutureState

繪制將來(lái)的狀態(tài)Onceweknowthecurrentstate,wecanlookfor:

一旦我們知道目前的狀態(tài),我們就能尋找:Wastetoeliminate要排除的浪費(fèi)Constraints,instabilities,andnon-standarditems制約的,不穩(wěn)定的以及不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的項(xiàng)目Opportunitiestoimprovetheflowofmaterialsandinformation

改善物料和信息流的機(jī)會(huì)Establishingleanthinkingasthewaywerunourplants

運(yùn)行我們工廠時(shí)樹(shù)立起精益制造的思維.13VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003SevenTypesofWaste:

七種浪費(fèi):Overproduction過(guò)量生產(chǎn)Transportation運(yùn)輸Inventory庫(kù)存Motion動(dòng)作Correction糾正Overprocessing過(guò)量加工Waiting浪費(fèi)14VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003IdentifyingOpportunitiesforChange

識(shí)別變化的機(jī)會(huì)15VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003PlanningtheFutureState

為將來(lái)的狀態(tài)做計(jì)劃Whatisthetakttime? 什么是節(jié)拍時(shí)間?Dowebuildtoa“supermarket”ortoshipping?

我們的制造是針對(duì)“超級(jí)市場(chǎng)”還是發(fā)運(yùn)?Canwehaveoneplaceforordering?

我們能否有一個(gè)地方下訂單?Wheredoweusesupermarketpullsystemstocontrolupstreamprocesses?

我們?cè)谀男枰褂贸?jí)市場(chǎng)的拉動(dòng)系統(tǒng)來(lái)控制上游過(guò)程?Whereisthepacemakerprocess?

領(lǐng)頭人過(guò)程在哪里?Whatincrementofworkdowereleaseatthepacemakerprocess?

在領(lǐng)頭人的過(guò)程中哪種增加的工作量我們要釋放出來(lái)?Howdoweleveltheproductionmix?

我們?nèi)绾纹胶饣旌仙a(chǎn)?Wherecanweimprovetheprocess?

我們可以在哪里改進(jìn)工藝?16VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003FutureState

將來(lái)狀態(tài)17VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003ValueStreamMapApplication

價(jià)值流向圖的應(yīng)用KeyComponentsoftheplantoachievethefuturestateinclude:

用以完成將來(lái)狀態(tài)的關(guān)鍵計(jì)劃部分：Yourfuture-statemap

將來(lái)狀態(tài)的路徑圖Anynecessaryprocess-levelmaps(loops)

所有必要的、過(guò)程級(jí)別的路徑圖(鏈)Ayearlyvaluestreamplan

年度價(jià)值流計(jì)劃18VSM_SHW_E_Sep2003Putti