2016年上海高考英語真題試卷（原卷版）

絕密★啟用前2016年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（上海卷）英語試卷（滿分150分，考試時間100分鐘）考生注意：考試時間120分鐘,試卷滿分150分。本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。試卷分為第=1\*ROMANI卷（第1－12頁）和第=2\*ROMANII卷（第13頁），全卷共13頁。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。答題前,務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名,并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上,在答題紙反而清楚地填寫姓名。第=1\*ROMANI卷(共103分)I.ListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Itissatisfactory.B.Itisluxurious.C.Itisoldfashioned.D.Itisdisappointing.2.A.OnAugust5th.B.OnAugust6th.C.OnAugust7th.D.OnAugust8th.3.A.Awaiter.B.Abutcher.C.Aporter.D.Afarmer.4.A.Inatheatre.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookingoffice.D.Inafurniturestore.5.A.Sheexpectedtoabettershow.B.Shecouldhardlyfindherseat.C.Shewasn’tinterestedintheshow.D.Shedidn’tgetafavourableseat.6.A.Thewomanofteneatsoutforbreakfast.B.Thecafeteriaservesgoodbreakfast.C.Thewomandoesn’thavebreakfast.D.Thecafeteriadoesn’tservebreakfast.7.A.Sellingcucumbers.B.Plantingvegetables.C.Cookingameal.D.Pickingtomatoes.8.A.Themanshouldworkhard.B.Themanshouldturndownthejoboffer.C.Themanmayhaveanotherchance.D.Themancanapplyforthejobagain.9.A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.B.ThereisatrafficjamonKingStreet.C.Avehicleispollutingtheair.D.Themanisreadingareportonline.10.A.Itsendingisnotgoodenough.B.Itsspecialeffectsarenotsatisfying.C.Itdeservesanaward.D.Itisgoodexceptforthescarypart.SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions

11

through

13

are

based

on

the

following

passage.11.

A.

$1.

B.

$2

C.

$3

D.

$

52.12.

A.

Pay

the

bills

first.

B.

Spend

2%

of

the

salary

on

living

expenses.

C.

Deposit

$1000

every

month.

D.

Put

part

of

the

money

in

a

savings

account.13.

A.

Methods

of

saving

money.

B.

Saving

money

for

family

emergencies.

C.

The

importance

of

saving

money.

D.

Secrets

of

spending

money

wisely.Questions

14

through

16

are

based

on

the

following

passage.14.

A.

Free

education.

B.

A

sum

of

money.

C.

Donations

from

a

local

newspaper.

D.

Gifts

from

many

people.15.

A.

Let

students

in

before

school.

B.

Offer

ice

cream

and

coffee.

C.

Introduce

a

bank

into

the

campus.

D.

Reduce

the

traffic

jams

around.16.

A.

It

lacks

positive

news.

B.

It

should

grow

into

a

big

city.

C.

It

is

a

place

worth

living

in.

D.

It

remains

peaceful

and

quiet.SectionC

Directions:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.pletetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.ClassDiary(June1319)eq\o\ac(□,13)SUNeq\o\ac(□,14)MON17forafterclassactivityapplicationeq\o\ac(□,15)TUEeq\o\ac(□,16)WEDHandinginthreestudent18eq\o\ac(□,17)THUBasketballClubmeetingTime:12:45—1:30pmPlace:The19eq\o\ac(□,18)FRIFillinginaformwithuptodatepersonaldataTime:20breakPlace:Theputerroomeq\o\ac(□,19)SATBlank21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.pletetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.WhoisSueWalter?Sheis21incourtandawriter.WhatisSue’ssuggestionforpeoplewithdifficulties?22InSue’seyes,whatisthebestpartaboutherjob?23indecisionmaking.WhatdoesSuethinkhappinessis?24II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperform.ofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother’shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.(25)_______(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand(26)_______happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in(27)______shedistributedittochildren.Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldshenotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe(28)_____(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop(29)_____(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout?Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.(30)_____shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn’tneedtokeepitasecret(31)______me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby(32)_____selflessshewas.(B)Stress:GoodorBad?Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.Inrecentyears,stress(33)______(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress(34)______doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievealittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(35)_____(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself(36)_______numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof(37)______,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor(38)_____(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter(39)______(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely(40)_______(get)ill.SectionB

Directions:pletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accountB.adjustableC.appliancesD.captureE.decorationsF.directG.experimentH.intendedI.operatedJ.soullessK.squeezeGoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto41theessentialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.Lessismore.ThissayingisassociatedwiththeGermanbornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary42Moreisnotabore.TheAmericanbornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,theresultis43design.PostModernistdesignersbeganto44withdecorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen45suchasovensandkettles.Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproduct’sfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis46.Forexample,thinkofa(n)47desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto48lightwhereitisneeded.Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesignerHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto49thesensorysideofournature—sight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantasrational(理性的).Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacoollookingdevicethatallowsustoeasily50thetoothpasteontoourbrush.III.ReadingprehensionSectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively51workandwilldoanythingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe52,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,53,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom54withoutconsultation.This,ofcourse,makesforauthoritarian(專制的)managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysof55people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto56tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesternpanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral57.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbeemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachmongoalsinawaythattraditional58managerscannot.Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithout59managersfirst.Thisempowerment(授權(quán))hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:60thenumberofmanagementlayersinpanies.Afterdelayeringinthisway,apanymaybe61withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,frontlinemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation(委托)muchfurtherthanhas62beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto63thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbeemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.Anothertrendisoffsiteor64management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbyemailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe65oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.51.A.desire B.seek C.lose D.dislike52.A.contrary B.expectation C.degree D.extreme53.A.viceversa B.forexample C.however D.otherwise54.A.outside B.inside C.below D.above55.A.replacing B.assessing C.managing D.encouraging56.A.refer B.contribute C.object D.apply57.A.agreement B.practice C.election D.impression58.A.bossy B.experienced C.western D.male59.A.asking B.training C.warning D.firing60.A.doubling B.maintaining C.reducing D.estimating61.A.honored B.left C.crowded D.pared62.A.economically B.traditionally C.inadequately D.occasionally63.A.deny B.admit C.assume D.ensure64.A.virtual B.ineffective C.daytoday D.onthescene65.A.opinion B.risk C.performance D.attractivenessSectionBDirection：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedsattments.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Oneearlymorning,IwentintothelivingroomtofindmymotherreadingathickbookcalledBestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain.Myinterestwasarousedonlybythefactthattheword“Poems”appearedinbig,hotpinkletters.“Isitgood?”Iaskedher.“Yeah,”sheanswered.“There’soneIreallylikeandyou’lllikeit,too.”Ileanedforward.“‘PattyPoem,’”shereadthetitle.WhoisPatty?Iwondered.Thepoembegan:Sheneverputshertoysaway,Justleavesthemscattered=1\*GB3①wheretheylay,…=1\*GB3①散亂的Thepoemwasjustthreeshortsections.Thefinalonecamequickly:Whenshegrowsandgatherspoise=2\*GB3②,=2\*GB3②穩(wěn)重I’llmissherharumscarum=3\*GB3③noise,=3\*GB3③莽撞的Andlookinvain=4\*GB3④forscatteredtoys.=4\*GB3④徒勞地AndI’llbesad.Aterriblesorrowwashedoverme.WhoeverPattywas,shewasameangirl.Then,theshock.“It’syou,honey,”Mymothersaidsadly.Tomymother,thepoemrevealedaparent’saffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.Tome,the“she”inthepoemwashorror.Itwasmymamawhowouldbesad.ItwassoterribleIburstoutcrying.“What’swrong?”mymotherasked.“OhMama,”Icried.“Idon’twanttogrowupever!”Shesmiled.“Honey,it’sokay.You’renotgrowingupanytimesoon.Andwhenyoudo,I’llstillloveyou,okay?”“Okay,”Iwasstillweeping.Mypanichasgone.ButIcouldnothelpthinkingaboutthatsillypoem.Afterwhatseemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.Itallfitsowelltogether,likeapuzzle.Thelanguagewassimple,sosimpleIcouldplainlyunderstanditsmeaning,yetitwasstillbeautiful.Iwasnowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakaperson’sworld.Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,but“PattyPoem”remainsmypoem.Afterall,“PattyPoem”gavememyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwastheonethathurtmethemost.66.WhywasthewriterattractedbythebookBestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain?A.Itwasathickenoughbook.B.Somethingonitscovercaughthereye.C.Hermotherwasreadingitwithinterest.D.Ithasameaningfultitle.67.Afterhermotherreadthepoemtoher,thewriterfelt______atfirst.A.sadB.excitedC.horrifiedD.confused68.Thewriter’smotherlikedtoread“PattyPoem”probablybecause______.A.itreflectedherownchildhoodB.itwaswritteninsimplelanguageC.itwasposedbyafamouspoetD.itgaveherahintofwhatwouldhappen69.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat“PattyPoem”leadsthewriterto_______.A.discoverthepowerofpoetryB.recognizeherloveforpuzzlesC.findhereagernesstogrowupD.experiencegreathomesickness（B）Istherelinkbetweenhumansandclimatechangeornot?Thisquestionwasfirststudiedintheearly1900s.Sincethen,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakeadifference.In1997,theKyotoProtocolexplainedourroleintheEarth’schangingatmosphereandsetinternationallimitsforgasemissions(排放)from2008to2012.Somecountrieshavedecidedtocontinuethesereductionsuntil2020.Morerecently,theParisAgreement,stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.Butjustnowhowmuchwarmeritwillgetdependsonhowdeeplycountriescutcarbonemissions.3.5℃Thisishowmuchtemperatureswouldriseby2100evenifnationsliveuptotheinitialParispromisestoreducecarbonemissions;thisrisecouldstillputcoastalcitiesunderwateranddriveoverhalfofallspeciestoextinction.2℃Tomeetthisminimumgoal,theAgreementrequirescountriestotightenemissionstargetseveryfiveyears.Eventhisincreasecouldsinksomeislands,worsedrought(干旱)anddriveadeclineofuptoathirdinthenumberofspecies.1.5℃ThisisthemostambitiousgoalfortemperaturerisesetbytheParisAgreement,afterapushbylowlyingislandnationslikeKiribati,whichsaylimitingtemperatureriseto1.5℃couldsavethemfromsinking.0.8℃Thisishowmuchtemperatureshaverisensincetheindustrialagebegan,puttingus40%ofthewaytothe2℃point.0℃Thebaselinehereisaverageglobaltemperaturebeforethestartoftheindustrialage.70.Itcanbeconcludedfromparagraph1that_______.A.theproblemofglobalwarmingwillhavebeenquitesolvedby2020B.gasemissionshavebeeneffectivelyreducedindevelopedcountriesC.theParisAgreementsismoreinfluentialthantheKyotoProtocolD.humanshavemadecontinuouseffortstoslowdownglobalwarming71.IfnationscouldonlykeeptheinitialpromisesoftheParisAgreement,whatwouldhappenbytheyear2100?A.Thehumanpopulationwouldincreasebyonethird.B.Littleover50%ofallspecieswouldstillexist.C.Nationswouldnotneedtotightentheiremissionstargets.D.TheAgreement’sminimumgoalwouldnotbereached.72.Ifthoseislandnationsnotfarabovesealevelaretosurvive,themaximumtemperaturerise,sincethestartoftheindustrialage,shouldbe_______.A.0.8℃B.1.5℃C.2℃D.3.5℃(C)Enough“meaninglessdrivel”.That’sthemessagefromagroupofmembersoftheUKgovernmentwhohavebeenexamininghowsocialmediafirmslikeLinkedIngatherandusesocialmediadata.TheHouseofmonsScienceandTechnologymittee’sreport,releasedlastweek,hasblamedfirmsformakingpeoplesignuptolonginprehensiblelegalcontractsandcallsforaninternationalstandardorkitemark(認證標記)toidentifysitesthathavecleartermsandconditions.“Thetermandconditionsstatementthatweallcarelesslyagreetoismeaninglessdriveltoanyone,”saysAndrewMiller,thechairofthemittee.Instead,hesays,firmsshouldprovideaplainEnglishversionoftheirterms.Thesimplifiedversionwouldbecheckedbyathirdpartyandawardedakitemarkifitisanaccuratereflectionoftheoriginal.Itisnotyetclearwhowouldadministerthescheme,buttheUKgovernmentislookingatintroducingitonavoluntarybasis.“weneedtothinkthroughhowwemakethatworkinpractice,”saysMiller.Wouldwepayanymoreattentiontoakitemark?“Ithinkifyouwentanddidthesurvey,peoplewouldliketothinktheywould,”saysNigelShadboltattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,whostudiesopendata.“Wedoknowpeopleworryalotabouttheinappropriateuseoftheirinformation.”Butwhatwouldhappeninpracticeisanothermatter,hesays.Otherorganisationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlongcontractstheymaynotreadorunderstand,butMillerbelievessocialmediarequiresspecialattentionbecauseitissonew.“Westilldon’tknowhowsignificantthelongtermimpactisgoingtobeofunwisethingsthatkidsputonsocialmediathatebackandbitethemin20years’time,”hesays.Shadbolt,

who

gave

evidence

to

the

mittee,

says

the

problem

is

that

we

don’t

know

how

panies

will

use

our

data

because

their

business

models

and

uses

of

data

are

still

evolving.

Large

collections

of

personal

information

have

bee

valuable

only

recently,

he

says.Theshockandangerwhenasocialmediafirmdoessomethingwithdatathatpeopledon’texpect,evenifusershaveapparentlypermission,showthatthecurrentsituationisn’tworking.Ifproperlyadministered,akitemarkontermsandconditionscouldhelppeopleknowwhatexactlytheyaresigningupto.Althoughtheywouldstillhavetoactuallyreadthem.73.Whatdoesthephrase“meaninglessdrivel”inparagraphs1and3referto?A.Legalcontractsthatsocialmediafirmsmakepeoplesignupto.B.WarningsfromtheUKgovernmentagainstunsafewebsites.C.Guidelinesonhowtousesocialmediawebsitesproperly.D.Insignificantdatacollectedbysocialmediafirms.74.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatNigelShadboltdoubtswhether_______.A.socialmediafirmswouldconductasurveyonthekitemarkschemeB.peoplewouldpayasmuchattentiontoakitemarkastheythinkC.akitemarkschemewouldbeworkableonanationwidescaleD.thekitemarkwouldhelppaniesdeveloptheirbusinessmodels75.AndrewMillerthinkssocialmedianeedsmoreattentionthanbanksmainlybecause_______.A.theirusersconsistlargelyofkidsunder20yearsoldB.thelanguageintheircontractsisusuallyhardertounderstandC.theinformationtheycollectedcouldbeemorevaluableinfutureD.itremainsunknownhowusers’datawillbetakenadvantageof76.Thewriteradvisesusersofsocialmediato_______.A.thinkcarefullybeforepostinganythingontosuchwebsitesB.readthetermsandconditionsevenifthereisakitemarkC.takenofurtheractioniftheycanfindakitemarkD.avoidprovidingtoomuchpersonalinformation77.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Saynotosocialmedia?B.Newsecurityrulesinoperation?C.Acceptwithoutreading?D.Administrationmatters!SectionC

Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorpletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Walkingwillbebannedonescalatorsaspartofatraildesignedtoreducecongestion(擁堵)atsomeofthecountry’sbusieststations.Inthefirstmoveofitskind,alltravelerswillbeforcedtostandonbothsidesofescalatorsontheLondonUndergroundaspartofaplantoincreasecapacity(容量)attheheightoftherushhour. AsixmonthtrialwillbeintroducedatHolbornstationfrommidApril,eliminatingtheruleofstandingontherightandwalkingontheleft.Themove,imitatingasimilarstructur