高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一編 一閱讀理解 題型二 推理判斷題練習(xí) 新人教版-新人教版高三全冊(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

題型二推理判斷題語(yǔ)篇出處：2019年全國(guó)卷Ⅱ·B篇語(yǔ)篇類型：記敘文主題語(yǔ)境：志愿服務(wù)“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykids'lacrosse(長(zhǎng)曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtug_at_the_heartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren'tevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I'lldoit.”I'msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere'srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社區(qū))asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I'mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI'dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies？1.WhatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinParagraph1？A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inParagraph2mean？A.Encourageteamwork. B．Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds. D．Provideadvice.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromParagraph3？A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She'llworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork？A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.題1：題干中關(guān)鍵詞是“herreplyinParagraph1”，由文章第一句“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”可知，家長(zhǎng)讓把她當(dāng)作最后的選擇，如果沒(méi)有其他人當(dāng)志愿者，那么她就去。由此可推斷出這位家長(zhǎng)不想去當(dāng)志愿者。選C。題2：第一段提到一個(gè)家長(zhǎng)不愿意去當(dāng)志愿者。由畫(huà)線處所在句的上一句“Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.”可知這位家長(zhǎng)需要被勸說(shuō)。下文作者提到有四個(gè)孩子的單親媽媽主持了這個(gè)節(jié)目，一位孩子不在此隊(duì)的父親擔(dān)任長(zhǎng)曲棍球隊(duì)的教練……由此可知，作者是為了以情動(dòng)人。選B。題3：題干中關(guān)鍵詞是“abouttheparentfromParagraph3”，由第三段中的“Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.”這一細(xì)節(jié)可知，這位家長(zhǎng)成了一個(gè)好幫手。選D。題4：題干中關(guān)鍵詞為“Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork？”。文章中提到“Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.”，與B項(xiàng)中信息相匹配。選B。考法1推斷細(xì)節(jié)類——“揣摩推敲”法典例片段(2019·湖南師大附中?？?Whenearlyautomobilesfirstarrivedonthesceneinthelate19thcentury,fewpeoplecouldhaveimaginedthattheywouldonedaytakeovertheworld.Infact,sometownsoftheUnitedStatesfoundthenoiseandexhaustfromthesenovel“horselesscarriages”sodisgustingthatearlycarswereactuallyforbiddenthere....Sowhatislifelikeinplacewhereoneofthemostpowerfulinventionsinhistoryhasbeenbanned?Well,it'squitenice,actually....Theyalsosaveahugeamountofmoneythatwouldnormallygotocommuting(往來(lái))bycars.Whatcanweinferfromthetext？A.Earlycarswerefirstshownonthestage.B.Cars'popularitywasexpectedatfirst.C.Carsweredescribedinanovelasdisgusting.D.Earlycarswereknownascarriageswithouthorses.第一步題干定位：題干中的關(guān)鍵詞是infer，是推斷細(xì)節(jié)題。第二步鎖定信息：首段信息“earlyautomobilesfirstarrived”“novel‘horselesscarriages’”和“earlycars”。第三步分析對(duì)比：最早的汽車(chē)被看作沒(méi)有馬的四輪車(chē)。與選項(xiàng)D中信息匹配，故選D?？挤?推斷觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度類——“褒貶措辭”法典例片段(2019·青島?？?DuringAmsterdam'schaoticrushhour,nine-year-oldLottaCrokcyclestoaverybusyjunction....Lottaisthefirstjuniorcyclemayorintheworld....ButchildrenwhocycleinAmsterdamfacechallenges,...LottabecamejuniorcyclemayorinJunelastyearwhenshewonacontest...SinceLottawasappointedjuniorcyclemayor,Sheisnowplanningameetingwiththecity'smayortodiscussideasFollowingthesuccessoftheAmsterdamscheme,cyclemayorsaroundtheworldarenowplanningtoappointjuniorcolleagues.“Theyseeitworksreallywell，”Boerma,theseniormajor,says.“Italktotheparents,Lottatalkstothechildren.Andifyoulookatthecitythroughtheeyesofachild,youwillalsomakeitaccessibleforothers.Acitythat'sgoodforaneight-year-oldisalsogoodforan88-year-old.”What'sBoerma'sattitudetothejuniorcyclemayor？A.Cautious. B．Favorable.C.Ambiguous. D．Disapproving.第一步題干定位：題干中的關(guān)鍵詞是Boerma，可以定位到最后一段引號(hào)里的內(nèi)容。第二步鎖定信息：文中信息是“worksreallywell”和“Acity...isalsogood...”。顯然是贊同的。第三步對(duì)比選項(xiàng)：Cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；Favorable“贊成的”；Ambiguous“模糊的”；Disapproving“不贊成的”。故選B?？挤?推斷寫(xiě)作意圖類——“意圖推斷”法典例片段(2019·上海嘉定模考)Thisstrangelittleboy-man,neverseparatedfromatindrumheisalwaysbanging,isourheroofthetable...ThisisanoverviewofthestoryofTheTinDrum,themostfamousworkbytheGermanNobel-winningauthorGünterGrass,whopassedawayonApril13attheageof87.TheTinDrumalsoestablishedGrassasoneoftheleadingauthorsofGermany...Hewascalled“Germany'sconscience”，becauseheremindedGermansofapastduringtheSecondWorldWar(1933—1945)thatmanywouldhaveratherforgotten.Thissometimesmadehimunpopular...Grasswasamanofthepenandthepageandalsoamanwithagiftforspeakingtothepublic.Hiswritingwasnoisyandannoying,butonehadtolistentoit,alittlelikethesoundofthedrumbangedbyhismostfamousliterarycreation.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthearticle？A.ToanalyzewhathasmadeTheTinDrumsopopularinGermany.B.TointroducethereaderstoGünterGrassandhismostfamouswork.C.TopresentthehistoryofGermanythroughthepenandpageofGrass.D.TogivesomebackgroundinformationaboutGrass'searlylifeasawriter.第一步主旨大意：開(kāi)篇提到一個(gè)敲鼓的小男孩GünterGrass。第二步鎖定信息：第二段提到GünterGrass的成名作和作品風(fēng)格；第三段提到他并不受人歡迎；最后一段總結(jié)他的寫(xiě)作手法就像敲鼓發(fā)出的聲音一樣。第三步分析對(duì)比：該文章屬于人物傳記類，描述的是GünterGrass和他的作品。與選項(xiàng)B中信息一致，故選B?？挤?文章出處題——“對(duì)號(hào)入座”法典例片段(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ，B篇)ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein).Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物質(zhì)).TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(櫻桃),theyaresodeliciouswhocares?However,theyarerichinvitaminC....Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken？A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.第一步首段描述：這些來(lái)自不列顛哥倫比亞省土地上的色彩鮮艷的甜甜的寶貝就是營(yíng)養(yǎng)保護(hù)的小集團(tuán)。第二步鎖定信息：關(guān)鍵詞：草莓、藍(lán)莓、櫻桃，維生素、蛋白質(zhì)、抗氧化物質(zhì)。第三步分析推斷：應(yīng)該是來(lái)自于健康和營(yíng)養(yǎng)相關(guān)的書(shū)，即健康雜志，故選B。(2019·鄭州一中?？?語(yǔ)篇類型：說(shuō)明文主題語(yǔ)境：自然災(zāi)害Thereisalwayssomethingthathappensintheworldthateveryonefearswillhappentotheirtown,cityorcountry:naturaldisasters.Thescariestpartofitisthatnoonewilleverseeitcoming.Thoughtechnologyhelpsusprepare,butitneveractuallytellsthepeoplewhenit'sgoingtohit.Itisalwaysestimatedbuttheresultisnever100%accurate.However,thatisnotthepointofthisarticle.Twodifferentnaturaldisastersintwodifferentpartsoftheworldhavehappenedinthepastfewweeks.OnewasamajorfloodthathashitLouisianaintheUnitedStates.TheotherwasanearthquakethathitAmatrice,Italy.However,thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies.AsforthefloodinginLouisiana,itisreportedthatthisdisasteristheworsttohittheUnitedStatessinceSuper-stormSandyandit'llcostatleast$30million.Inonlythefirstcoupleofweeks,13peoplehaddied.However,likeme,manypeopledidnothearaboutthistragicevent.Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.InItaly,however,itcoveredallmediainstantly.TheearthquakeinItalyhappenedonTuesdaymorning.Thatsameday,IwasonTwitterandthatwasallthatwasoverthenewsfeed.Everyotherpostwasabouttheearthquake.SomewouldhavetheopinionthatAmatrice,Italywasoneofthemostbeautifultownsinthatcountry.Igotindeepsorrowbecausethereweremorepeoplekilledinthisquakethantheflooding.Sofar,theyhaveatotalof73deadandoveronehundredmissing.IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywasworsethanthefloodsinLouisiana.However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.Weareoneworldunitedandshouldbethereforallofthepeoplewhoareinneedofhelp.Wemaynotbeabletoaccuratelypredictdisastersbut,wecansurelylendahandoutfortheneedy.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講了兩個(gè)不同的地方發(fā)生的不同自然災(zāi)害，但是對(duì)其報(bào)道卻是不同的。作者認(rèn)為自然災(zāi)害無(wú)大小，應(yīng)該讓人們及時(shí)知曉，這樣人們就可以向受害者伸出援助之手。1.Whatreallyconcernstheauthoraboutthetwonaturaldisasters？A.Thedeathandtheinjured.B.Themediareport.C.Thegovernment'sresponsibility.D.Theireconomicloss.答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“thereisamajordifferenceinthenewscoverageofthetwotragedies”可知，對(duì)于這兩個(gè)自然災(zāi)害，作者關(guān)注的是媒體的報(bào)道。2.Whydidtheauthorlearnaboutthefloodsolate？A.Hedidn'tcareabouttheflood.B.Hefeltnervousaboutthenews.C.Themediadidn'tcoveritintime.D.Thefloodfrightenedtheauthoralot.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Ididnotlearnaboutituntilaboutthreeweeksafterithappened.”可知，作者很晚才知道洪水的事情是因?yàn)槊襟w報(bào)道得晚。3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？A.Italyisn'tgoodatpredictingthenaturaldisasters.B.Allnaturaldisastersshouldbecoveredequally.C.Theworldshouldbeunitedintooneinstantly.D.AmericashouldhelpItalypredictnaturaldisasters.答案：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“IunderstandthattechnicallytheearthquakeinItalywasworsethanthefloodsinLouisiana.However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.”可知，所有的自然災(zāi)害都需要被平等地報(bào)道。4.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped？A.Bymakingacomparison.B.Byfollowingthetimeorder.C.Bylistingsomeexamples.D.Byanalyzingthecauses.答案：A推理判斷題。本文通過(guò)講述了兩個(gè)地方發(fā)生的不同自然災(zāi)害來(lái)比對(duì)說(shuō)明對(duì)自然災(zāi)害的報(bào)道有所偏差。disastern.災(zāi)難tragedyn.悲劇accuratelyadv.精確地最后一段第二句：However,Ibelievethatifanaturaldisasterhappens,theyallshouldbeequallycoveredandtakenequallyseriously.譯文：然而，我相信如果自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生的話，它們都應(yīng)該被平等地報(bào)道并且受到同等關(guān)注。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞believe的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句中含有一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。專題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練(二)(1)Therobotsarecoming！Alltheeffortsyouputintostudyingatuniversitymaynothavebeenenough—becauserobotscouldbecomingforyourjob.Anewstudyfindsthatasmanyas800millionworkerscouldbereplacedbyrobotsby2030.ThestudyfromtheMcKinseyGlobalInstituteestimatesthat“between400millionand800millionindividualscouldbereplacedbyautomation(自動(dòng)化)orrobotsandneedtofindnewjobsby2030aroundtheworld”.Itestimatesthat30percentofthehourspeoplespendonworkinggloballycouldhavebeenautomatedbythattime.Thosemostaffectedwillbepeoplewhoworkin“predictableenvironments”doingtaskssuchasoperatingmachinesandpreparingfastfood.Thosewhomakealivingcollectingandprocessingdataalsofaceahighriskofbeingreplacedbyrobots.Butpeoplewhoworkinlesspredictableenvironmentssuchasgardeners,plumbers,andchildcarestafffaceasmallerrisk,becausetheirroles“aretechnicallydifficulttobeautomatedandoftencommandrelativelylowerwages,whichmakesautomationalessattractivebusinessproposition”.However,it'snotalldoom(厄運(yùn))forthefutureofemployment.Thestudynotesthatautomationsometimesallowsworkerstoremainemployedinadifferentposition.“Evenwhensometasksareautomated,theemploymentrateinthoseoccupationsmaynotdeclinebecauseworkersmayperformnewtasks，”McKinsey&Companywroteinareleaseonitswebsite.ItnotedthatChinahasthelargestnumberofemployeeswhowouldneedtoswitchoccupations,upto100millionifautomationwasadoptedrapidly,or12percentofthe2030workforce.Thenumbersarehigherinmoreadvancedeconomies,withuptoone-thirdofthe2030workforceinAmericaandGermanyneedingtoswitchoccupations,alongwithnearlyhalfofthe2030workforceinJapan.Countrieswhichfailtoprepareworkersfortransitiontonewjobswillfeeltheimpactofariseinunemploymentanddepressedwages,accordingtothestudy.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究報(bào)告預(yù)計(jì)，到2030年全球?qū)⒂懈哌_(dá)8億人的工作被機(jī)器人和自動(dòng)化操作取代。1.Whywilllotsofpeopleneedtofindnewjobsby2030aroundtheworld？A.Theydon'tputeffortsintotheirstudyatuniversity.B.Theworld'sworkingpopulationisonthesteadyincrease.C.Theywillbepaidlesswiththedevelopmentoftechnology.D.Robotsorautomationwilltaketheplaceoftheirpositions.答案：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段和第二段的內(nèi)容可知，很多工人需要重新找工作是因?yàn)轭A(yù)計(jì)到2030年他們將被機(jī)器人或自動(dòng)化操作所取代。2.Whichofthefollowingjobswillbetheleastlikelytobereplacedbyrobots？A.Machineoperation. B．Fastfoodcooking.C.Childcareinkindergarten. D．Datacollection.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的第三句并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，幼兒園的兒童保育工作人員被機(jī)器人取代的可能性最小。3.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsthefutureemployment？A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Unconcernedandindifferent.D.Havingnopersonalpreference.答案：D推理判斷題。文章前兩段提到研究預(yù)測(cè)大量的工人會(huì)被機(jī)器人或自動(dòng)化設(shè)備取代；第四段的首句提到對(duì)未來(lái)的就業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，這并不一定是厄運(yùn)；接下來(lái)又提到人們可以從事其他工作。從而可以看出作者對(duì)未來(lái)的就業(yè)形勢(shì)態(tài)度客觀，沒(méi)有個(gè)人偏好。4.Whichsectiondoesthearticlebelongto？A.Education. B．Technology.C.Lifestyle. D．Business.答案：B推理判斷題。本文主要論述了麥肯錫全球研究院近期發(fā)布的研究報(bào)告，預(yù)計(jì)到2030年全球多達(dá)8億工人將會(huì)被機(jī)器人或自動(dòng)化操作取代。由常識(shí)可知機(jī)器人和自動(dòng)化設(shè)備的核心技術(shù)——人工智能屬于技術(shù)范疇，所以本文應(yīng)屬于科技類范疇。predictableadj.可預(yù)見(jiàn)的；可預(yù)料的occupationn.職業(yè)；占有；消遣adoptvt.采用，采納；收養(yǎng)最后一段第一句：ItnotedthatChinahasthelargestnumberofemployeeswhowouldneedtoswitchoccupations,upto100millionifautomationwasadoptedrapidly,or12percentofthe2030workforce.譯文：它指出，中國(guó)需要轉(zhuǎn)換職業(yè)的員工數(shù)量最多，如果迅速采用自動(dòng)化，該數(shù)量將達(dá)到1億，或者占2030年勞動(dòng)力總數(shù)的12%。分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞note的賓語(yǔ)。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞employees;if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)Thedollonmydeskwasimportantforme.Seeingit,Icouldn'thelpthinkingofDoris.Doriswasascienceteacherbyprofession,butshewasalsoaverycreativeperson.Allaroundherroomweredollsthatshehadmade.FromwhatIgatheredfromtalkingtoDoris,she'dtakenaclassindollmaking.OnedaywhileIwasinherroomshetookoneofthedollsoutofthecasetoshowme,sayingthiswasthefirstdollshehadevermade.Thisdollwasveryunusualwithfineartisticwork.Theceramic(陶瓷的)skirtwasmadeofdelicateruffles(褶裥飾邊).Iwasamazedthatanyonecoulddosuchuniquework.AsDoriswasholdingthedollverycarefullysheturnedthedollinsuchawaythatIcouldseeaslightbreakinoneoftherufflesontheskirt.Thenshesaid,“Wouldyoulikemetotellyouaboutthis？”O(jiān)fcourse,Iwascurioustoknowwhathappened.Dorissaidthatonthewaytoclassshebumpedthesideoftheskirt.Shesaidshewasupsetandalmostdidn'tgotoclassatall.Whenitwasherturntoshowthedolltotheteacher,shehadtopointoutthebreakintheskirt.Dorisfeltforsurethatthedollwouldberejected(拒絕)becauseofit.Muchtohersurprise,theteachertoldhershewasjustgoingtoignorethisbreakandgradethedollontheothergoodqualitiesithad.Dorissaidtheattitudefromtheteacherchangedherlife.Ifthatteacherhadn'tforgiventhatsmallmistake,shewouldneverhavemadetherestofthedolls.ThisteachercouldhavemadeDorisfeelashamedbyhermistake.Butbecauseofherwillingnesstoignorethemistake,Doriswassharingherkindnesstothenextgeneration.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者看到桌子上的陶瓷娃娃想到了Doris，以及她和自己分享的一個(gè)溫暖的故事。1.Whywasthedollonthedeskwasimportantfortheauthor？A.Itfilledtheauthorwithkindness.B.ItremindedtheauthorofDoris.C.ItconveyedwhathappenedtoDoris.D.Itwasmadebytheauthorandhisteacher.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句“Seeingit,Icouldn'thelpthinkingofDoris.”可知，作者看見(jiàn)這個(gè)娃娃就想到了Doris。2.HowdidtheauthorknowwhathappenedtothespecialdollDoristookout？A.BycommunicatingwithDoris.B.Byexaminingtheartisticwork.C.Byreadingthesignonthedoll.D.Bytakingaclassindollmaking.答案：A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第一句中的“FromwhatIgatheredfromtalkingtoDoris”可知，作者與Doris交談中得知該玩偶的獨(dú)特之處。3.WhatdoweknowaboutDoris？A.Shewaskind. B．Shewascurious.C.Shewashonest. D．Shewasclumsy.答案：C推理判斷題。由第四段中的“Whenitwasherturntoshowthedolltotheteacher,shehadtopointoutthebreakintheskirt.”可知，當(dāng)輪到她把玩偶展示給老師看的時(shí)候，她指出了裙子上的破損之處。她沒(méi)有絲毫掩飾，說(shuō)明她很誠(chéng)實(shí)。4.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage？A.Ignoreothers'shame.B.Shareyourkindnesstoothers.C.Focusmoreonyourownmistakes.D.Holdpositiveattitudetoothers'mistakes.答案：D推理判斷題。由第四段中的“gradethedollontheothergoodqualitiesithad”和第五段第一句“Dorissaidtheattitudefromtheteacherchangedherlife.”可知，老師的態(tài)度改變了他的人生。由此說(shuō)明我們對(duì)待別人的錯(cuò)誤要寬容，即持有積極的態(tài)度。delicateadj.精致的；微妙的；熟練的；纖弱的；易損的uniqueadj.獨(dú)特的；唯一的，獨(dú)一無(wú)二的bumpv.碰，撞；顛簸而行第五段第二句：Ifthatteacherhadn'tforgiventhatsmallmistake,shewouldneverhavemadetherestofthedolls.譯文：如果老師沒(méi)有包容那次小小的過(guò)失，她將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)制作其他的瓷器玩偶。分析：這是一個(gè)虛擬條件句，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的是過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的是wouldhavedone。(3)TheUnbelievableSurvivalfromBearAttacksThispastOctober,ItookanearlymorninghikeintheMadisonValleyinsouthwestMontana.Knowingthatbearsarecommonthroughouttheareaandnotwantingtosurpriseone,Ishoutedout,“Hey,bear！”every30seconds.Aboutthreemilesin,Isteppedoutintoameadowandshoutedagain.AfewmorestepsandIspottedabrownbearwithherbabiesonthetrailattheupperendofthemeadow.Thesowsawmerightaway,andtheyallranupthetrail.Butthenshestopped,turned,andchargedstraighttome.IyelledsoshewouldknowIwashumanandhopefullyturnback.Nosuchluck.Igaveherafullchargeofbearsprayatabout25feet.Hermomentum(沖力)carriedherrightthroughtheorangecloudandontome.Idivedface—firstintothedirtandwrappedmyarmsaroundthebackofmyneckforprotection.Shewasontopofme,bitingmyarms,shoulders,andbackpack.Theforceofeachbitewaslikeahammerwithteeth.Overandovershebitme.Afterwhatfeltlikehoursbutwasmerelyminutes,shedisappeared,apparentlysatisfiedthatIcausednofurtherthreat.Itriedtopickmyselfup,butmyeyeswerefullofbloodandIcouldn'tsee.Iknewthatifshecamebackagain,I'dbedead,soIwipedthebloodfromoneeyeandlookedaround.Nobear.Istoodupandmovedquic