Unit1ScienceFiction單詞講解學案-高中英語人教版選擇性

新人教版（2019）英語選修性必修四Unit1ScienceFictionWordsandExpressionsImportantwords1.guiltyadj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過失的【熱點歸納】guiltn.內(nèi)疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行beguiltyof犯有……罪be/feelguiltyabout/over/for...對...感到內(nèi)疚/有愧【考點精練】（1).我因為說了謊話而感到內(nèi)疚。（2).Shehadfeelingsof_______aboutleavingherchildrenandgoingtowork.（3).Itwasridiculousthatthecorruptofficialwasdeclarednotguilty___corruption.Answers:guilt;of2.ridiculousadj.愚蠢的；荒謬的；荒唐的【熱點歸納】Itis/wasridiculousthat...……是荒謬的。aridiculousidea荒唐的主意lookridiculous看上去可笑soundridiculous聽起來荒謬absolutely/totallyridiculous荒謬絕倫【考點精練】:完成句子(1).（……是荒謬的）theyareshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining.(2).She（看上去很可笑）inthishatwhileshewasfondofthestyle.(3).Itsoundedlike（荒唐的主意）.However，itwastheideathatledtothisinvention.Answers:Itisridiculousthat;lookedridiculous;aridiculousidea3.suspendvt.懸；掛；暫停；暫緩【熱點歸納】suspend...from...把……懸掛在……上，暫令……停職(停學)suspensen.懸念；焦慮insuspense懸而未決【考點精練】(1)Julie(suspend)fromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.(2)Thewonderfulfilmgavemeagoodexperiencebecauseofits_________(suspend).(3)Hedidn'ttellmethetruth，whichkeptmesuspenseallday.Answers:wassuspend;suspense;in4.dismissvt.讓(某人)離開；解散；解雇；消除【知識歸納】dismisssb.forsth.因……而解雇/開除某人dismisssb.fromsth.解雇/開除某人【考點精練】Theservant___________(dismiss)forbeinglazyanddishonest.Sheclaimedshewasunfairlydismissed______herpost.Answers:wasdismissed;from5.appointmentn.預約；約會；委任【熱點歸納】make/haveanappointmentwithsb.和某人有約keepanappointment赴約byappointment按照預約appointv.任命；委派；安排，約定appointsb.(as/tobe)任命某人(為……)appointsb.todosth.指派某人去做某事【考點精練】(1)I’minghereby(appoint)tocollectmysalaryandbonus.(2)She_______________(appoint)mayorofthecityforherintegrityandwhatshehaddoneforthepublic.(3)MrBlackisacarefulandexperiencedengineersoheisoftenappointed__________(deal)withsomechallengingtasks.Answers:appointment;wasappointed;todeal6.dignityn.莊重；莊嚴；尊嚴教材原句:Healwaystreatedherwithdignity. 托尼處理一些事情總是讓她覺得很有尊嚴?！緹狳c歸納】withdignity有尊嚴地；體面地【考點精練】單詞拼寫/單句語法填空1.Wedothisbecausewebelieveinthe___________（尊嚴）andvalueofeveryperson.2.Theterminallyill（絕癥患者）shouldbeallowedtodie_________dignity.Answers:dignity;with7.declarevt.表明；宣稱；公布【熱點歸納】declaresb./sth.tobe宣布某人或某事是……declarefor/against贊成/反對……declarewar(on...)(向……)宣戰(zhàn)declarethat宣布……【考點精練】(1)Thechairmandeclared___________suspendingthedecisiontoincreasetheemployees’salary.(2)Hehadathirdexaminationand________________(declare)unfitforduty.(3)It______________(declare)thattherewillbenoschoolthisafternoon.Answers:for;wasdeclared;isdeclared[易混辨析]declare，announce※declare一般指在正式場合宣布官方的立場或態(tài)度，其后可跟復合賓語，還有“斷言，宣稱”之意?！鵤nnounce多指提前宣布或公開宣告大家關心的事?！究键c精練】:announce，declare1.Thegovernmenthasplanstocreate10,000newjobs.2.InSeptember，thegovernmentwaronthedrugdealers.Answers:announced;declaredpace1）n.速度；步伐；節(jié)奏；(跑或走的)一步2）vt.&vi.確定速度；調(diào)整節(jié)奏；以腳步丈量【熱點歸納】atasteady/gentlepace以穩(wěn)定的/徐緩的速度atone'sownpace按照某人自己的節(jié)奏keeppacewithsth/sb與某物/某人并駕齊驅(qū)，步調(diào)一致setthepace確定速度；領先paceupanddown踱來踱去【考點精練】翻譯：1）那位導演步測了舞臺的長度。2）他開始在屋里踱來踱去。Answers：Thedirectorpacedoutthelengthofthestage；Hebeganto

pace

up

and

down

inthe

room.9.urge1)n.強烈的欲望；沖動2)vt.催促；力勸；大力推薦教材原句P8Ihadastrongurgetolookattherandomthingsthatwerebeingflashedbeforemyeyes!我有一種強烈的沖動去看那些隨機在我眼前閃過的東西!【熱點歸納】anurgeforsuccess成功的欲望haveanurgetodosth有做某事的沖動urgesbtodosth力勸某人做某事urgesthon/uponsb強烈要求某人某事urgethat...竭力主張……Itis/wasurgedthat...堅決主張……(從句用虛擬語氣，即從句謂語用“should+動詞原形”形式，should可省略)拓展：adj:urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的inurgentneedof...急需……n.urgencyn.緊急；急迫amatterofgreaturgency極為迫切的問題【考點精練】這份報告呼吁應教會所有的兒童游泳。Thereport________thatallchildren____________________________.2）這筆錢用于較緊迫的事情也許會好些。Themoneycouldbebetterspentonmore____________cases.Answers：urges;(should)betaughttoswim;urgent10.divisionn.分開；分隔；差異；除(法)教材原句P8Thesunandmoonlookedasiftheywerebeingthrownacrossthesky，butsoontherewasdivisionbetweennightandday.太陽和月亮看起來好像被拋起來劃過了天空，但很快就有了晝與夜的分隔【熱點歸納】dividevi.&vt.把……隔開；分配；分享o...把……分成……divide(up)sthamong/between...在……之間分配/分【考點精練】該國可以被分為三個主要地區(qū)。Thecountrycan________________________.Answers：bedividedintothreemainareasImportantphrases1.testout檢驗；測試教材原句】ItwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry’swife，Claire.它將由拉里的妻子克萊爾測試?！究键c精練】1.testv._______________________n._________testonsth_______________testout_______________2.standthetestoftime______________________3.Onceeachteacherspentanhour,onedayaweek,_________(test)pupilsineverysubject.

4.Itmaybefiveorsixyearsbeforethenewdrugcan___________(test)onhumans.

Answers:測驗；考試/測試；在...上做試驗；測試；經(jīng)得起時間考驗；testing;betested2.orrather更確切地說【教材原句】SoClaireborrowedsomelibrarybooksforhimtoread，orrather,scan.于是克萊爾借了一些圖書館的書給他看，更確切地說給他掃描一下?！練w納拓展】ratherthan而不是otherthan除……之外morethan很，非常；超過；不僅僅是【考點精練】①Thechildrenarelearningtoeat.，theyarelearningtablemanners.②Mary，you，wasrewardedthefirstprizeinthepetition.③Idon’tknowanyFrenchpeopleyou.④Heisourteacher.Heisalsoourbestfriend.Answers:orrather;ratherthan;otherthan;morethan3.turnout關掉；熄滅；在場；使朝外；結果是教材原句P8Nightcameasifalampwasbeingturnedout,andinanothermomentcametheday.黑夜來臨了，仿佛一盞燈被熄滅了，轉(zhuǎn)瞬之間，白天來臨了常見用法turnout(tobe)...最后結果是……；最終成為……Itturns/turnedoutthat...結果是……；證明是……Thingsturnedouttobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.事情最終正如這位教授所預見的那樣。Itturnsoutthatheisinnocent.=Heturnsouttobeinnocent.結果表明他是無辜的。聯(lián)想拓展含有turn的其他常用短語turnagainst(使)反對；(使)與……反目turnaway拒絕；把……打發(fā)走turndown調(diào)低；拒絕turnup調(diào)高；出現(xiàn)turnin上交；交還turnon打開turnoff關閉turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；翻到；求助于；(使)變成turnover翻頁；(使)翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交【考點精練】我們一直期待的晚會結果讓人很失望。Thepartywehadbeenlookingforwardto____________________________.Answers：turnedouttobeagreatdisappointment.Importantsentences1.Heseemedmorelikeahumanthanamachine.他看起來更像一個人而不是一臺機器?！緹狳c歸納】more...than...的基本用法“比……更……”，特殊用法“與其說……不如說……”，“是……而不是……”。morethan與數(shù)詞連用，意為“超過；不止”，相當于over；morethan與名詞連用，意為“不只是；不僅僅……”，相當于notonly；morethan與形容詞、副詞連用，意為“非常，很”，相當于very?！究键c精練】:把下列句子翻譯成中文(1)Sheismorethanateachertous.Sheisourfriend.(2)Whatthesaleswomanwatchedlastnightwasmorelikeasciencefictionfilmthananewproductlaunch.Answers:2.Assheturnedaround，therestoodGladysClaffern.【句式分析】將here，there，now，then，in，out，off，away等表示地點或時間的副詞或者介詞短語置于句首，且主語為名詞時，主謂用完全倒裝。當主語為代詞時，主謂語序不變【考點精練】:補全句子(1)Inthedarkcorneroftheroom，___________________(那只貓?zhí)似饋?andcaughtthemouse.(2)我們走了。_______we_________.(3)老師來了。Here_________________.(4)Theplaneflewaway.Away_________________.Answers:upjumpedthecat;Of,go;estheteacher;flewtheplane3.suggest（that）+主語+（should）do...建議某人做某事【歸納拓展】Itissuggestedthat+主語+（should）do...Thesuggestionisthat+主語+（should）do...【誤區(qū)警示】（1）suggest表示“建議”時，后面不能接todo，但可以接動詞ing形式，即suggestdoingsth.。Thecoachsuggestedhavinganothermatch.教練建議再進行一場比賽。（2）suggest表示“暗示，表明”時，后面的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill，andherparentssuggestedthatshe（should）haveamedicalexamination.簡蒼白的臉表明她生病了，她父母建議她做一下醫(yī)療檢查?！究键c精練】單句語法填空①［2020?天津卷］Tohelpuspreparefortheexam，theteachersuggested（read）throughournotes.②Mydeskmate’ssleepylooksuggestedthathe（be）tiredofhisstudyandIsuggestedthathe（have）arest. ③Thesuggestionisallthepeoplewhowilljoininpickingapplesshouldwearahatandapairofgloves.句型轉(zhuǎn)換④ItissuggestedthatyoushouldspendmoretimestudyingEnglish.→_______________________________________________________________Answers:reading;was;have;that;ThesuggestionisthatyoushouldspendmoretimestudyingEnglish.Exercises：短語填空1.出差去beaway______abusinesstrip 2.看上去更像人類而不像機器seemmorelikeahuman______amachine 3.高大英俊，頭發(fā)光滑，聲音低沉tallandhandsome______smoothhairandadeepvoice 4.逐漸欣賞某人的智慧和誠實正直graduallyadmireone’s__________________________5.有尊嚴地_________dignity 6.提高某人的社會地位___________one’ssocialposition7.作為恩惠_______afavour8.涂指甲_____________________________9.對某人粗魯無禮be________________________ 10.改變態(tài)度；轉(zhuǎn)變態(tài)度___________________________11.在戀愛；在交往be_______arelationship 12.穩(wěn)步改進worksteadily_______theimprovements13.推開某人pushsb________ 14.感覺不只是想取悅某人feel__________________justthedesiretopleasesbAnswers:on;than;with;wisdomandintegrity;with;improve;as;paintone’snails;rudetosb;changeone’sattitude;in;on;away;morethan單句填空1.It’sridiculousthatthiscountrydeclaredwarfourcountriesatthesametime.2.Indoingscientificexperiments，onemustbemorecarefulwiththeinstruments.3.Thesecretpolice(suspend)theirvictimsfromtheceilingandbeatthem.4.Accordingtothenewevidence，thesaleswomanwasdeclared(guilt)ofmurder.5.Amongthebiggestproblemsfacedbyt